Oops 2 Marks and 16 Marks

8/13/2019 Oops 2 Marks and 16 Marks

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2 Marks and 16 Marks

Class : III EEE

Subject Code : CS2311

Subject : Object Oriented Programming

Part-A

1) Gi e t!e e olutiononce"tdiagram# o$ OOPS c

Machine language

Procedure language

Assembly language

OOPS

2) %e$ine &ecursion'

Recursion is the process of defining somethin allows a method to call itself recursi!eAmethod" that

int fact#int n$%

int result&

if #n' '1$ return 1&

result'(1$ fact#n)n&

return result&

*

3) (!at is Procedure oriented language'

+on!entional programming (le!ellang usingage suchhigh as +O,O- commonlyknownorientedasProcedurelanguage #POP$" .n POP written to accomplish the tasks such as readi


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) Gi e some c!aracteristics-orientedlanguageo$"rocedure#

/ 0mphasis is on doing things #algorithms$" / -argerareprogramsdi!ided into smaller programs kno / Most of

the functions share global data"

/ ata mo!e openly around the system from fun / 0mploys top-down approach in program design" unction

1 unction(2 unction(3

unction(4ction(5 unction(6 unction(

unction(7 Main program

*) (rite an+ $our $eatures o$ OOPS#

/ 0mphasis is on data rather than on procedur / Programs are di!ided into ob8ects"

/ ata is hidden and cannot be accessed by e9 / ollows bottom -upapproach in program design"

,) (!at are t!e basic conce"ts o$ OOS'

/ Ob8ects"

/ +lasses"

/ ata abstraction and 0ncapsulation" / .nheritance"

/ Polymorphism"

/ ynamic binding" / Message passing"


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) (!at are objects'

Ob8ects are(timebasentitieincrunan(orientedob8ect system" :hey may place a bank account a table of data orany the data and code to manipulate the data and

.)(!atis a class'

:he entire set of data and(definedcodeofdataan ob8ecttypewi a class" Once a class has been defined we caclasses" +lasses(definedaredataa!eustypesrlike(in andtypesbuiltbehof the pro language"

/) (!at is enca"sulation'

;rapping up of data and function within the s

10)(!at is data abstraction'

:he insulation of data fromed directasdataoraccessinformatiohidingby binding" :he data is not accessible to theou wrapped in the class can access it"

11)(!at are data members and member $unctions

+lasses use the conceptdefinedof ab s tractionlistofandabstar weight and cost and uses functions to opecalled as data members because they hold info areledcalas methods or member functions"

0g< int a b& == a b are data members

>oid getdata # $ & == member function

12)(!at is d+namic binding or late binding'

,inding refers to the linking of a procedure ynamic binding means that the code associated the time of(t imehe"call at the run

13)(rite t!e "rocess o$-oriented"rogrammilanguage'inan obj

/ +reate classes that define ob8ects and thei

/+reating ob8ects from class definition"


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/ 0stablishing communication among ob8ects"

1 )Gi e an+ $our ad antages o$ OOPS#

:he principle of data hiding helps the pro be in!aded by code amin" other parts of the p .t is poss

ha!e (multiplee9istwithoutinsancesa

? Ob8ect oriented programming can be easily? Software comple9ity can be easily managed"

1*)(!at are t!e$or$eaturbasedobj-ct re uired"rogramming anguag

/ ata encapsulation"

/ ata hiding and access mechanisms"

/ Automatic initiali@ation and clear up of ob

/ Operator o!erloading"

1,)(!at are t!e $eatures re uired $or object

/ ata tionencapsula"

/ ata hiding and access mechanisms"

/ Automatic initiali@ation and clear up of ob / Operator o!erloading"

/ .nheritance"

/ ynamic binding"

1 )Gi e an+ $our a""lications o$ OOPS

Real(time systems"

Simulation and modeling"

Ob8ect(oriented databases"

A. and e9pert systems"


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1.) Gi e an+ $our a""lications o$ c '

/ Since cBB allows(relatedusto ob8ects createhierarchywe(orientedcanbuil libraries which can be used later bymany pr

/ +BB are easilyableandmaintaine9pandable"

/ + part of +BB gi!es the language(le!el thedetailsabilit"

/ .t is e9pected that(purpose+BBwill anguagereplace in+ asthea

1/) (!at are to4ens'

:he smallest indi!idualprogramareunitsknowinfollowingastokenstoke"+

o Ceyword

o .dentifiers

o +onstants

o Strings

o Operator

20)(!at are 4e+5ords'

:he keywords implement specific +BB language and cannotas namebeu s edfro the program !ariables or

0g< go to .f struct else union etc"

21) &ules $or naming t!e identi$iers in C #

/ Only alphabetic characters digits and unde / :he name cannothdigis tart" wit

/ :he upper case and lower case letters are d / A declared keyword cannot be used as a !ari

22)(!at are t!e o"erators a ailable in C '

All operators in + are also used in on+BB" .n a operator DD the other new operators in +BB ar


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Scope resolution operator

< < )(to(Pointermember declarator

(D) Pointer(to(member operator

") Pointer(to(member operator

delete Memory release operator endl -ine feed operator

new Memory allocationator oper setw ield width operator

23)(!at is a sco"e resolution o"erator'

Scope resolution operator is used to unco!er !ersion of !ariables"

0goid show#$%

System"out"println#TSuper classH$

*

class , e9tends A%

"

>oid show#$%

System"out"println#Tsub classH$

*

class o!erride%

, sub ' new ,# $&

Sub" show# $&

*

11 )%e$ine %+namic 7et!od %is"atc!'

ynamic Method ispatch is therriddenmechanismfunctionbyw resol!ed at run time rather than compile timmeans of ynamic Method ispatch"

Principle< A super class reference !ariable c resol!e!erriddencallsto methods at run time" when ah


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super class reference 8a!a determines which type of the ob8ect being referredthetob8ecat thebeit referred determines which !ersion of

11.)(!at are t!e uses o$ $inal 4e+5ord'

1" to create the eKui!alent of named constant

2" :o Pre!ent o!erriding

3" :o pre!ent inheritance"

11/)?o5e$ineto da Pac4age'

.nclude package statement as the first statem defines a name space in which classes are sto

S+nta


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dot"

121)(ritedo5n t!e s+nta $or de$ining Inter$ace'

An interface is defined similar to a class

S+nta


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A 8a!a e9ceptiondescribesisan ob8ectane9ceptionalthat condit of code" ;hen an e9ceptional condition arisesthrown in the method that caused error"

^a!a 09ception handling s


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7et!od 7eaning

getJame Obtain a threadXs name getPriority Obtain a threadXs priority isAli!e eterminenningif a

thread is still ru 8oin wait for a thread to terminate

run 0ntry point for the thread

sleep Suspend a thread for a period of time"

12,)(!at are t!e t5o 5a+s $or creating a ;!re,y implementing the runnable interface"

+lass Jewthread implements Runnable

,y 09tendingthe :hread class

+lass Jewthread e9tends :hread

Part-F

1#(!at are t!e Deatures o$ Oo" s !o5 are t!

Ob8ects"

+lasses"ata abstraction and 0ncapsulation"

.nheritance"

Polymorphism"


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ynamic binding"

Messageing"pass

2# E "lain about inline $unction'

An inline function is a function thatcompilerise9pa replaces the function call with the correspon as

Inline function(header

%

function body

*

:he situations where inline e9pansion may not

for functions returning s5itc!> or goto ae9ists!alues if loop a

for functions not returning !alues if a re

if funcstatic ion!ariablescontain

finlinefunctions are recursi!e

3# E "lain Dunction O erloading'

unction o!erloading means we can use the sam a !ariety of different tasks"

0g< An o!erloaded add # $ asfunctionshown belowhandles" di

= eclarations

i!" int add# int a int b$& ==add function wi

!" int add# int a int b int c$& ==add funct

!i" double add# int p double K$& ==add funct


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different type == unction calls

i" add #3 4$&

ii" add #3 4 5$&

iii" add #3 1G"G$&

# E "lain about O"erator O erloading'

+BB has the ability to pro!ide the operators mechanism of gi!ings tosuchan soperatorcialmeaniisknowng as pro!ides a fle9ible option for the creation o

:he operators that cannot be o!erloaded are"

+lass member access operator #" ")$

Scope resolution operator #


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the function name" :he rules for Operator o!e

Only the e9isting operators can be o!erload

:he o!erloaded operatorthatmustis ha!eofuserat least defined data type"

:he basic meaning of the operator should no

O!erloaded operators follow the synta9 rule :hey cannot be o!erridden"

*# E "lain o erloading nar+ Finar+ o"erato

;hen unaope r yators are o!erloaded using member fu return no e9plicit !alues"

;hen binary operators are o!erloaded using me Also the left hand sideftheoperandrele!antmustclassbean" ob

;hen unary operators are o!erloaded using fri #ob8ect of the rele!ant class$

;hen binary operators are o!erloaded using fr operatorin!okedcanbeusing member functions as follo

.n case of Lnary operators o!erloaded operat ob8ect/name op

.n case of binary operators it would be in!o

Ob8ect " operator op#y$

where op is the do!erloadedyisthe argumentoperator" an

:he o!erloaded operator can be in!oked using

.n case of unary operators o!erloaded operat

Operator op #9$&

.n case of binary operators o!erloaded opera


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Operator op #9 y$

:he operators that cannot be o!erloaded using

Assignment operator '

unction call operator # $

Subscripting operator N

+lass member access operator Z

,# E "lain about ;+"e con ersions'

:he three types of data con!ersion are

i"n!ersion+o from basic type to class type"

ii" +on!ersion from class type to basic type"

iii" +on!ersion from one class type to anothe A casting operator is a function that satisfi

.t must be a class member"

.tnotmustspecify a return type"

.t must not ha!e any arguments"

:he general form of o!erloaded casting operat operator type name # $

%

"" == function statements

*

.t is also known as con!ersion function"

i" ,asic to class type con!ersion


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+on!e r sionombasicf data type to class type can be does it" +onstructor takes a single argument

0g< +on!erting int type to class type

class time

%

int hrs mins&

public

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Oops 2 Marks and 16 Marks