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Nutrition and Food Pyramid

Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

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Page 1: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Nutrition and Food Pyramid

Page 2: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Do Now

What are some reasons why we eat food?

Page 3: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Foods Supply Energy

Fuel for your body When your body uses nutrients in food, a series of

chemical reactions take place, therefore energy is released.

Metabolism Chemical process by which your body breaks down

food to release energy

Page 4: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Foods Supply Nutrients

What is a nutrient?

Substances your body needs to: regulate body function promote growth repair body tissues obtain energy

***Body requires more than 40 nutrients for these tasks

Page 5: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Calories

What is a calorie? The amount of energy released when food is broken

down is measured in units Heat Energy Scientific term - The energy needed to raise the

temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 °C (now usually defined as 4.1868 joules).

What is the recommended daily caloric intake for a average human?

Page 6: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Average Caloric intake?

Caloric Intake for Women

Caloric Intake for MenSeveral factors play into how much calories

you should take in daily. How much exercise – low, moderate, intense How fit are you – obese, in shape Quality of the foods you eat – fast food, fruits,

vegetables How much sleep you get, how long you stay awake

Page 7: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Six Types of Nutrients

CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitaminsMineralsWater

Page 8: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Carbohydrates

Purpose: Supply energy to your body There are two different types of

carbohydrates – simple : known as sugars.

Ex. Fruits, vegetables, milk, table sugar, refined foods complex: starches are the main types. Starch are

sugars linked together that form a long chain. Ex. Oats, grains, wheat, potatoes, whole wheat

Page 9: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Complex Carbohydrates

Fiber – complex carbohydrate found in plants. Fiber cannot be broken down and passed through your

blood stream. Passed through without being digested but is a

necessity for proper functioning of your digestive system.

A High Fiber diet will – Prevent constipation Reduce risk of colon cancer Prevent heart disease

Page 10: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?
Page 11: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Daily Carbohydrate Intake

45 to 65 Percent of your daily diet

Better to eat foods rich in complex carbohydrates

High in Sugar – candy, soft drinks – Low Nutritional Value

Page 12: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Fats

Nutrient with highest energy contentPurpose supply your body with energy, form

your cells, maintain body temperature and protect your nerves.

Unsaturated – good fat neurons

Saturated fats- bad fat cholesterol

Page 13: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Daily Fat Intake

25 to 35 percent of your daily caloric intake

Primarily unsaturated fats

To reduce intake of saturated fats, substitute low fat foods for meats and dairy products that are high in saturated fats.

Page 14: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Protein

Purpose serve as a source of energy Growth and repair of body tissue’s

High Protein diet – ex. Milk, eggs, meats, nuts, beans, peas, lentils

22 total amino acids13 are made in the body9 MUST come from food!!!Complete proteins- animal sources have all 9

amino acidsIncomplete proteins- veggies, nuts , seeds lack

one or two incomplete proteins

Page 15: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Amino Acids

Makes up protein in our body and food.

Digest protein, body breaks down the protein into amino acids which are absorbed into bloodstream and reassembled to make the proteins your body needs.

Essential Amino Acids – 22 total amino acids 9 come from food The rest your body manufactures

Page 16: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Complete and Incomplete Proteins

Complete – Proteins from an animal source Meats, fish, dairy Contains all nine essential amino acids

Incomplete – Proteins that come from a plant source Beans, broccoli, peas, etc. Lack one or more essential amino acids

Page 17: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Daily Intake Protein

10 to 35 percent of your daily diet should be proteins

Diet with a variety of meat and vegatables will supply the right amount of protein and amino acids you will need.

Page 18: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Vitamins

Nutrients that are made by living things, are required only in small amounts

Purpose – assist in chemical reactions, using other nutrients

Two Classes – Fat soluble – dissolve in fat. Water soluble – dissolve in water

Page 19: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Fat Soluble

Fat Soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K are found in vegetable oils, eggs,

vegetables, milk, fruit, sunlight

Can be stored in the body

Page 20: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Water Soluble

Water soluble vitamins Vitamin C, B Vitamins are found in fruits, vegatables

Can not be stored in the body Important to get a daily dose of these vitamins

B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, Folate, C Play a role in metabolism, nervous system function,

healthy red blood cells, formation of proteins, fights infections

Page 21: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Minerals

Nutrients that occur naturally in rock and soils

24 essential minerals have been shown for good health

Need seven minerals – calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine and sulfur

Page 22: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Water

65 Percent of your body is water

Purpose hydrates your body Carries waste out of your body Digest food Cells/tissues/organs need water to function Play a role in production of energy

Page 23: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Water and Homeostasis

Homeostasis – process of maintaining a steady state inside your body

Water contains dissolved substances called electrolytes

Daily Intake – 10 glasses of 8 oz. of water Factors – age, gender, physical activity Caffeine – increases the amount of water your body

excretes

Page 24: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Water and Exercise

Drink water before and after you exercise

Sports drinks – try to avoid sports drinks for low to moderate work outs. Heavier to more intense workouts, sports drinks can

be beneficial but in moderation. When in doubt drink water

Page 25: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Old Food Pyramid

Page 26: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

New Food Pyramid

Page 27: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?
Page 28: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Mission Nutrition

http://kidshealth.org/kid/closet/games/game_nutrition.html

Page 29: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?

Reading Food Labels

http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/labels.html

Page 30: Nutrition and Food Pyramid. Do Now What are some reasons why we eat food?