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Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Analiz Algoritması Prof. Dr. Meltem Yalınay, M.D., PhD Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı (Probiyotik ve Prebiyotik Derneği) 19.10.2017

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Page 1: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Analiz Algoritması

Prof Dr Meltem Yalınay MD PhD

Gazi Uumlniversitesi Tıp Fakuumlltesi

Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

(Probiyotik ve Prebiyotik Derneği)

19102017

300 sağlıklı insanın 15 farklı vuumlcut boumllgesinden alınan oumlrnekler değerlendirilerek 35 trilyon okumadan oluşan

23 terabayt buumlyuumlkluumlğuumlnde bir metagenomik veri bankası

31000

9271 Bakteri 332 Arkea

183 oumlkaryot

1193 Plazmid

2809 Viruumls

İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi

İnsan Bağırsak Metogenomik Yapısı

Mikroorganizmaları belirlemek

Bireysel farklılıkları goumlstermek

Sağlıkla ilişkisini ortaya koymak

Hastalıklar ile ilişkisini saptamak

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 2: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

300 sağlıklı insanın 15 farklı vuumlcut boumllgesinden alınan oumlrnekler değerlendirilerek 35 trilyon okumadan oluşan

23 terabayt buumlyuumlkluumlğuumlnde bir metagenomik veri bankası

31000

9271 Bakteri 332 Arkea

183 oumlkaryot

1193 Plazmid

2809 Viruumls

İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi

İnsan Bağırsak Metogenomik Yapısı

Mikroorganizmaları belirlemek

Bireysel farklılıkları goumlstermek

Sağlıkla ilişkisini ortaya koymak

Hastalıklar ile ilişkisini saptamak

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 3: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

31000

9271 Bakteri 332 Arkea

183 oumlkaryot

1193 Plazmid

2809 Viruumls

İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi

İnsan Bağırsak Metogenomik Yapısı

Mikroorganizmaları belirlemek

Bireysel farklılıkları goumlstermek

Sağlıkla ilişkisini ortaya koymak

Hastalıklar ile ilişkisini saptamak

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 4: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

9271 Bakteri 332 Arkea

183 oumlkaryot

1193 Plazmid

2809 Viruumls

İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi

İnsan Bağırsak Metogenomik Yapısı

Mikroorganizmaları belirlemek

Bireysel farklılıkları goumlstermek

Sağlıkla ilişkisini ortaya koymak

Hastalıklar ile ilişkisini saptamak

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 5: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

İnsan Mikrobiyom Projesi

İnsan Bağırsak Metogenomik Yapısı

Mikroorganizmaları belirlemek

Bireysel farklılıkları goumlstermek

Sağlıkla ilişkisini ortaya koymak

Hastalıklar ile ilişkisini saptamak

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 6: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Baskın mikrobiyota uumlyeleri

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 7: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası bull Bakteri virus archaea mantar

bull Firmicutes 65

ndash Clostridium ndash Enterococcus ndash Lactobacillus ndash Ruminococcus

bull Bacteroidetes 15 ndash Bacteriodes ndash Prevotella

bull Actinobacteria ndash Bifidobacterium

bull Proteobacteria ndash Helicobacter ndash Escherichia

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia mucinophila (Verromicrobia)

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 8: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Mikroskobi

Kuumlltuumlr

Kuumlltuumlre Dayalı Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Kuumlltuumlr Bağımsız Molekuumller Youmlntemler

Dizi Analizi

Yeni Nesil Dizileme Biyoinformatik

Analiz

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 9: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyota Analiz Youmlntemleri

Gaita DNA

İzolasyonu

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 10: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyom Analiz Youmlntemleri

1 Hibridizasyon

2 Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)

(qPCR ile 16S rRNA kantitasyonu)

3 DNA parmak izi analizleri (DNA fingerprinting)

1 Denaturating gradient jel elektroforezi

2 SSCP

3 T-RFLP

4 Gen kuumltuumlphanesi oluşturulması ve dizi analizi

Amplifikasyon uumlruumlnlerinin plazmid aracılığı ile transformasyonu dizi analizi

5 Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 11: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR)

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 12: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Dışkı oumlrneklerinden qPCR analizleri

Dışkı oumlrnekleri

200 mg Ekstraksiyon Nanodrop Oumllccediluumlm

Roche LightCycler 20

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 13: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Metagenom analizi - Yeni nesil dizileme

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 14: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

tuumlm genom

kuumltuumlphane oluşturulması

ve adaptoumlr molekuumlllerin

eklenmesi

bağlanma koumlpruuml PCR denatuumlrasyon

Genome Analyzer illumina

Klonal ccediloğalma ve

kuumlmelerin oluşması

DNA pol

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 15: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

T T G

T G C

T G C T

T G C T A

Genome Analyzer illumina

Yıkama ve

3rsquo OH

ucunun

yeniden

accedilılması

bull Nuumlkleotidlerin 3rsquo OH uccedilları kimyasal olarak kapatılmış olduğundan zincir

sonlanmasına neden olur

T G

Yıkama

C

Yıkama

T

Yıkama

A

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 16: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyom Analizi Akış Şeması

Ccedilalışma Tasarımı

DNA izolasyonu

Amplikon kuumltuumlphanesi

Sekans

Oumln işlemler

Taksa atanması

Alfa Beta vs

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 17: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

16S rRNA Amplikon Sekanslama

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 18: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyal filogenetik ccedileşitlilik oldukccedila fazladır

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 19: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Mikrobiyom verisine yaklaşım

Filogenetik -Genetik ccedileşitlilik

-İki populasyonun birbirinden uzaklığı

Taksonomik -Bilinen mikroorganizmalar ile

eşleşme

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 20: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Alfa ve Beta Ccedileşitlilik (Uzaklık) Oumllccediluumlleri

Mikrobiyom toplulukları iccedilerisinde ve birbirleri arasındaki uzaklığı oumllccedilmek iccedilin

kullanılan metriklerdir

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 21: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Alfa ccedileşitlilik vs Beta ccedileşitlilik

bull Oumlrneğin kendi iccedilerisindeki farklılık

ndash Zenginlik(richness)-farklı OTUrsquoların sayısı

ndash Dağılım- (Evenness)-farklı OTUrsquoların dağılımı

ndash Filogenetik ccedileşitlilik (pd_whole_tree)

bull Oumlrnekler arasındaki benzerlik derecesi (uzaklık)

bull Kullanılan metrikler

ndash Unweighted UniFrac - OTUrsquoların varlığı ve filogeni

ndash Weighted UniFrac ndash OTUrsquoların baskınlığı ve filogeni

Shan

no

n

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 22: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Bioresour Technol 2015 Sep192735-40 doi 101016jbiortech201505086 Epub 2015 Jun 9 Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations Aydin S1 Shahi A2 Ozbayram EG2 Ince B3 Ince O2 Author information Abstract As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors eg for biogas production react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics This study evaluated how anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were affected by amendments of different antibiotics and stepwise increasing concentrations The compositions of microbial community were determined in the seed sludge using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and PCR-DGGE analyses were used for the detection of microbial community changes upon antibiotics additions According to PCR-DGGE results the syntrophic interaction of acetogens and methanogens is critical to the performance of the reactors Failure to maintain the stability of these microorganisms resulted in a decrease in the performance and stability of the anaerobic reactors Assessment of DGGE data is also useful for suggesting the potential to control ultimate microbial community structure especially derived from Gram-negative bacteria through bioaugmentation to successful for antibiotic biodegradation Copyright copy 2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 23: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Int J Food Microbiol 2012 Feb 15153(3)428-35 doi 101016jijfoodmicro201112008 Epub 2011 Dec 13

Combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods for the determination of lactic microbiota in sucuk Kesmen Z1 Yetiman AE Gulluce A Kacmaz N Sagdic O Cetin B Adiguzel A Sahin F Yetim H Abstract In this study the culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular methods were used for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in sucuk a Turkish fermented dry sausage On the one hand the PCR-DGGE method targetting the V1 and V3 regions of 16S DNA was applied to DNA that was directly extracted from sucuk samples On the other hand rep-PCR fingerprinting was performed for the primary differentiation and grouping of the isolates and the results were confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region As a result of the PCR-DGGE analysis of all the samples total 8 different lactic acid bacteria were identified and Lactobacillus sakei Lactobacillus curvatus and Weissella viridescens were the dominant microbiota among these bacteria The culture-dependent approach indicated that the majority of the strains belonged to the Lactobacillus genera including Lb sakei Lactobacillus plantarum Lb curvatus Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus alimentarius However Leuconostoc and Weisella were also detected as minor genera Again Lactococcus piscium Weissella halotolerans Staphylococcus succinus and the comigrated Staphylococcus piscifermentansStaphylococcus condimentiStaphylococcus carnosus group were detected only with the culture-independent method while Lb plantarum Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were identified only by using the culture-dependent method In the results it was concluded that the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods was necessary for reliable and detailed investigation of LAB communities in fermented food products

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 24: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 May58(3)201-10 doi 101007s12223-012-0199-1 Epub 2012 Oct 4

Culturable bacterial microbiota of Plagiodera versicolora (L) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) and virulence of the isolated strains Demirci M1 Sevim E Demir İ Sevim A Author information Abstract Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting 1781) (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) is an important forest pest which damages many trees such as willow poplar and hazelnut In order to find new microbes that can be utilized as a possible microbial control agent against this pest we investigated the culturable bacterial flora of it and tested the isolated bacteria against P versicolora larvae and adults We were able to isolate nine bacteria from larvae and adults The isolates were characterized using a combination of morphological biochemical and physiological methods Additionally we sequenced the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene to verify conventional identification results Based on characterization studies the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp Pv1 Rahnella sp Pv2 Rahnella sp Pv3 Rahnella sp Pv4 Rahnella sp Pv5 Pantoea agglomerans Pv6 Staphylococcus sp Pv7 Micrococcus luteus Pv8 and Rahnella sp Pv9 The highest insecticidal activity against larvae and adults was obtained from M luteus Pv8 with 50 and 40 mortalities within 10 days after treatment respectively Extracellular enzyme activity of the bacterial isolates such as amylase proteinase lipase cellulose and chitinase was also determined Consequently our results show that M luteus Pv8 might be a good candidate as a possible microbial control agent against P versicolora and were discussed with respect to biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 25: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013 Mar56(3)328-32 doi 101097MPG0b013e31827a964b Breast milk jaundice effect of bacteria present in breast milk and infant feces Tuzun F1 Kumral A Duman N Ozkan H Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE Breast milk is an important source of bacteria in establishing the infantile intestinal microbiota that appear to influence the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of breast milks microbiological content on the development of breast milk jaundice (BMJ) METHODS A total number of 60 mother-infant pairs enrolled to the study Two groups were defined BMJ group (n=30) full-term otherwise healthy newborns who were considered BMJ control group (n=30) full-term healthy newborns without jaundice All newborns in the study were exclusively breast-fed The breast milk samples and the feces of infants were evaluated for content of selected bacterial populations (Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Clostridium Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) with real-time polymerase chain reaction RESULTS Bifidobacterium bifidum content in the breast milk and B adolescentis B bifidum and B longum content in the fecal samples were higher in the control group than in the BMJ group The milk and fecal concentrations of B bifidum were significantly correlated The concentrations of breast milk B bifidum and fecal B bifidum B adolescentis and B longum were found to be negatively correlated with bilirubin levels CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Bifidobacterium species in breast milk may protect against BMJ

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 26: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalar ve Sağlıklı Kontrollerde Bağırsak

Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Erdogdu C Yalinay M Karakan T Battaglia T Blaser MJ

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 27: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Hipotez ndash Araştırma sorusu bull NAFLD ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında bağırsak

mikrobiyotası iccedilerik ve yapı bakımından farklıdır

ndash Mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik iki grupta farklı mı

ndash Mikrobiyota yapısı karaciğer hasarının şiddetine goumlre değişiyor mu

ndash Hastalık ve sağlığa etkisi olan spesifik gruplar hangileri

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 28: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Metod

bull NAFLD - biyopsi ile doğrulanmış hastalar

ge18 yaşında olan artmış serum aminotransferaz seviyeleri goumlzlenen alkol tuumlketimi lt20 grhafta olan son 6 ay iccedilerisinde herhangi bir kortikosteroid antibiyotik prebiyotik probiyotik

tedavisi almamış olan eş zamanlı başka bir hastalığı olmayan hastalar dahil edilmiştir

bull Fibrozis skoru bull F0-F1 orta dereceli fibrozis bull F2 şiddetli fibrozis

bull 16S gen kuumltuumlphanesi-Illumina Miseq sekans

NAFLD (n=43) KONTROL (n=23)

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 29: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Gruplararası alfa ccedileşitlilik (goumlzlenen OTU- operasyonel taksonomik uumlnitedağılım)

F0-F1

F2

Kontrol

Hasta

Alfa Ccedileşitlilik (Alpha Diversity) Bir mikrobiyom verisinde hangi tuumlr canlılar vardır ve ne kadarı oumllccedilmek iccedilin kullanılır Yani bir oumlrnek kendi iccedilinde ne kadar farklıdır sorusuna cevap verir

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 30: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda beta ccedileşitlilik

Kontrol (n=23)

NAFLD (n=43)

P=0004 method ANOSIM

Beta ccedileşitlilik (Beta Diversity) Oumlrneklerin birbirinden ne kadar farklı olduğuna cevap verir Oumlrnekler arasında karşılaştırma yapar Oumlrnekteki genel değişimi oumllccediler

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 31: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Fibrozis derecelerine goumlre beta ccedileşitlilik

F0-F1 (mild fibrosis) n=23

F2 (severe fibrosis) n=20

P=0005 method ANOSIM

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 32: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

NAFLD ve kontrol grubunda relatif dağılımlar

Kontrol NAFLD

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 33: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

NAFLD ve kontrol grubuna anlamlı olarak etki eden bakteri grupları

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 34: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Ceren Erdoğdu Meltem Yalınay Tarkan Karakan Thomas Battaglia Martin J Blaser

Nonalkolik Karaciğer Yağlanması Olan Hastalarda Barsak Mikrobiyotasının Yeni Nesil Dizi

Analizi İle Karşılaştırılması

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 35: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Oumlrnek rapor

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 36: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyotasında homeostazis-disbiyozis durumu

bull Potansiyel endotoksemi

bull Obezite karaciğer yağlanması gibi ccedileşitli metabolik hastalıklara yatkınlık

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 37: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Kantitatif PCR (qPCR)

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 38: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Bağırsak Metagenom Analizi

bull Bağırsak mikrobiyota profilinin 16S rRNA V3 ve V4 boumllgesi

amplikon kuumltuumlphanelerinin oluşturulması ile ortaya konulması

bull Mikrobiyal popuumllasyon

bull

bull Tuumlm mikrobiyota analizleri mikrobiyal ccedileşitlilik relatif taksa dağılımlarını belirlenmesi

bull Hastada olası disbiyozis durumu

bull Metabolik hastalıklar ile ilişkilendirilmiş bakteriyel grupların baskınlığı veya sağlıklı mikrobiyota uumlyelerinin yeterliliği konusunda veriler

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 39: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Yorum Mikrobiyotanızın iccedilerik olarak (filogenetik ccedileşitlilik) dağılımı genel anlamda sağlıklı toplama goumlre farklılıklar iccedilermektedir

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 40: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Yorum Genel popuumllasyona bakıldığında mikrobiyota ana paneline benzer şekilde bulunan sonuca goumlre obezite ile ilişkili BacteroidetesFirmicutes oranınız duumlşuumlk bulunmuştur

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 41: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Gut Microbiota in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

Total of 52 NAFLD subjects and 38 healthy controls were included Within the NAFLD group 46 of the patients were diagnosed with NASH by biopsy according to the Brunt criteria NASH patients classified into two groups according to the fibrosis degree as follows F0-F1 mild fibrosis (n=23) F2 significant fibrosis (n=23) Stool and blood samples were collected at the same day Quantification of the fecal microbiota was performed by Real-Time PCR Specific primers used to determine Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bacteroides fragilis group Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp and Enterobacteriaceae In addition to the routine biochemical tests inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) hs-CRP levels and endotoxin levels were also determined in serum Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of means and standard deviations Independent t-test was used in order to compare continuous variables For categorical variables chi-square test was used Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in order to adjust for the variables that are significant between the groups A p value of lt 005 was used to establish significance

p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test Figure 1 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between patients with NAFLD and healthy controls

FRIDAY-662 Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Characteristic

Patients

(n=52)

MeanplusmnSD

Control

(n=38)

MeanplusmnSD

p

Male () 478 324 0100

Age (years) 48 plusmn 12 36 plusmn 10 lt0001

BMI (kgm2) 29 plusmn 4 22 plusmn 2 lt0001

Waist circumference [46] 94 plusmn 9 83 plusmn 6 0001

ALT (UL) 50 plusmn 41 20 plusmn 11 lt0001

AST (UL) 36 plusmn 18 21 plusmn 4 lt0001

ALP (UL) 105 plusmn 38 62 plusmn 18 lt0001

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 202 plusmn 43 207 plusmn 43 0613

HDL (mgdL) 45 plusmn 9 57 plusmn 10 lt0001

LDL (mgdL) 127 plusmn 39 140 plusmn 38 0065

Triglyceride (mgdL) 184 plusmn 80 96 plusmn 46 lt0001

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 102 plusmn 22 87 plusmn 12 lt0001

Table 1 Demographic and Laboratory Results of the Participants

Abstract In the whole study group decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila (954plusmn192 vs 1086plusmn214 log 10gr feces p=0003) and B fragilis group (671plusmn138 vs 781plusmn150 log 10gr feces p=0001) were observed Patient group has increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae (803plusmn114 vs 689plusmn112 log 10gr feces plt0001) After adjusting for BMI and age B fragilis group was no longer significant NASH subgroup were evaluated according to the fibrosis stage F2 fibrosis stage had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae levels as compared to F0-F1 fibrosis stage (plt0001) Supporting the finding of increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in patient group serum endotoxin levels were also significantly elevated as compared to the controls (plt0001) Patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP levels (012plusmn002 mgdL vs 037plusmn006 mgdL plt0001) which is a promising marker of inflammation in patients with NAFLD

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us sp

p

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae

0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

Control

Patient

A m

ucinip

hilia

F pra

usnitzii

Lacto

bacill

us spp

Bifi

dobacte

rium

spp

B f

ragili

s gro

up

Entero

bacte

riace

ae0

5

10

15

log

10

gr

fec

es

F0-F1

F2

Background The effect of the gut microbiota on several diseases is becoming increasingly important issue Since there is a close relationship between gut and liver via portal vein the liver is consistently exposed to bacterial products such as endotoxin The composition and quantification of microbiota members may be important for gut dysbiosis and subsequent bacterial translocation which may be the major cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) In order to support this hyphothesis we performed qPCR analysis in stool of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls Methods The stool samples from 52 patients with NAFLD and 38 healthy controls have been collected NAFLD has been proven by biopsy in 46 of the patients 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group and Enterobacteriaceae Serum IL-6 TNF-α hs-CRP and endotoxin levels were assessed Results A muciniphila and B fragilis group were found significantly lower in patients with NAFLD (p=0003 and p=0001 respectively) As expected the Enterobacteriaceae family members were found to be significantly higher in patients group (plt0001) In consistent with the higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance in NAFLD patients elevated serum endotoxin levels were also determined TNF-α and IL-6 levels were not significantly different however patients have 3 fold higher hs-CRP which is a well-known marker of inflammation Multiple regression analysis has performed in order to adjust for BMI and gender A still significantly lower and Enterobacteriaceae levels were significantly higher in patients group after adjusting for BMI and gender (p=00221 p=00186 respectively) Conclusion NAFLD patients were characterized with higher Enterobacteriaceae levels lower A muciniphila and B fragilis group levels in our study cohort Elevated endotoxin levels and inflammation are also supporting our hypothesis

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test except male which was determined by chi square test

Figure 2 Comparison of log10gram wet feces levels of bacterial groups between fibrosis stages in patients diagnosed with NASH

Figure 3 Serum levels of endotoxin (A) hs-CRP (B) TNF-α (C) and IL-6 (D) between patients and controls

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-20

0

20

40

60

EU

mL

Control

Patient

Endotoxin

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

TNF-alpha

pg

mL

Control

Patient

Contr

ol

Patie

nt-05

00

05

10

15

20

mg

dL

hs-CRP

Contr

ol

Patie

nt0

20

40

60

80

IL-6

pg

mL

Control

Patient

BA

C D

bull Patients with NAFLD has significantly decreased fecal A muciniphila levels and increased Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Within the NASH subgroup patients with significant fibrosis (Fge2) has significantly higher fecal Enterobacteriaceae levels suggesting that the different fibrosis stages of NASH should be considered in future studies

bull Elevated serum endotoxin levels were observed in the patient group in accordance with the higher Enterobacteriaceae levels

bull Serum hs-CRP levels found to be higher in patients group while no difference was observed in terms of IL-6 and TNF-alpha

Results

Methods

Conclusions

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 42: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis group

Abundance After Islamic Fasting

Ceren Erdogdu1 Meltem Yalinay Cirak2 Tarkan Karakan3

Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Clinical Microbiology Ankara Turkey

Gazi University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Ankara Turkey

FRIDAY Hacettepe University cerenozkulhacettepeedutr

Table 2 Laboratory Data of the participants measured before and after Islamic fasting

Abstract

Background Metabolic disorders such as obesity is often associated with the changes in microbiota composition and quantity It has been well known that dietary habits also effects intestinal microbiota Here we hypothesized that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on intestinal microbiota Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition Total of 9 subjects were included in this study during Ramadan between the dates June 18 and July 16 2015 which was approximately 17 hours of fasting per day during a 29 day period Method The stool samples from 9 volunteers were collected the day before the beginning of Islamic fasting and the day end of the Ramadan 16S rRNA qPCR assay has been performed for quantification of Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus spp Bacteroides fragilis group Enterobacteriaceae Blood samples were also collected to test for metabolic and nutritional parameters The before and after Islamic fasting results were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Results All of the subjects were normal weight according to the calculated BMI The overall bacterial count did not significantly change over time in none of the subjects However significantly increased abundance of A muciniphila and B fragilis group was observed in all subjects after Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline levels (p=00039 and 00078 respectively) Serum fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels in all subjects is also significantly reduced in all of the subjects (plt001 and p=0009 respectively) Conclusion Islamic fasting which has been approximately 17 hours of fasting for each day lead to a change in microbiota members

BMIBody mass index ALTAlanine transaminase ASTaspartate aminotransferase ALPalkaline phosphatase HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein p values were determined by t-test

Figure 2 Quantities of fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members for each participant determined at baseline and after the end of Islamic fasting Data was statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test p values for A muciniphila and B fragilis group is 00039 and 00078 respectively

bull Ramadan fasting is an excellent model of how long-term fasting may affect the microbiota composition

bull Significantly lower fasting glucose and total cholesterol levels were determined at the end of the Islamic fasting when compared to the baseline values

bull Significantly higher fecal A muciniphila and B fragilis group members were determined in the study participants who fasted for an average of 17 hours during Ramadan

bull This early results suggest that long-term fasting may have a distinct effect on microbiota composition Metagenomic approaches should be performed in order to better understand the effect of fasting on microbiota composition

bull

A mucin

iphila

F pra

usnitzii

Lactobacill

us spp

Bifidobacte

rium

spp

B fra

gilis g

roup

Entero

bacteria

ceae0

5

10

15

log1

0gr

fec

es

BF

AF

Characteristic

Before Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

After Fasting

(n=9)

MeanplusmnSD

p

BMI (kgm2) 229 plusmn 11 228 plusmn 11 0810

Waist circumference (19) 830 plusmn 52 824 plusmn 56 0821

ALT (UL) 246 plusmn 124 256 plusmn 112 0868

AST (UL) 228 plusmn 48 233 plusmn 48 0837

ALP (UL) 793 plusmn 228 779 plusmn 226 0904

Total cholesterol (mgdL) 2315 plusmn 622 2175 plusmn 579 0009

HDL (mgdL) 529 plusmn 117 520 plusmn 103 0876

LDL (mgdL) 1574 plusmn 510 1546 plusmn 486 0914

Triglyceride (mgdL) 1105 plusmn 529 1064 plusmn 536 0879

Glucose (fasting mgdL) 878 plusmn 208 738 plusmn 158 0006

Bacterium Standard strain Primer Seq (5rsquo-3rsquo) bp Primer Annealing

(oC) Tm

Bifidobacterium

spp

B breve ATCC

15700

CTCCTGGAAACGGGTGG 550

g-Bifid-F 56 90

GGTGTTCTTCCCGATATCTACA g-Bifid-R

B fragilis group B fragilis ATCC

25285

ATAGCCTTTCGAAAGRAAGAT

495

g-Bfra-F

50 86 CCAGTATCAACTGCAATTTTA g-Bfra-R

Lactobacillus spp L acidophilus

ATCC 4356

AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA 341

Lact-F 55 86

CACCGCTACACATGGAG Lact-R

Amuciniphila Amuciniphila

ATCC BAA-835

CAGCACGTGAAGGTGGGGAC

327

AM-1

60 90 CCTTGCGGTTGGCTTCAGAT AM-2

F prausnitzii F prausnitzii

ATCC 27766

GATGGCCTCGCGTCCGATTAG 199

Fprau223F 60 88

CCGAAGACCTTCTTCCTCC Fprau420R

Enterobacteriaceae E coli ATCC

25922

CATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGC

195

Eco1457F

63 87 CTCTACGAGACTCAAGCTTGC Eco1652R

Table 1 Specific primers used to determine 16S rRNA region of the bacteria and standard strains used to construction of PCR standards

Before IF After IF0

5

10

15

A muciniphila

log

10

gr

fec

es

Before IF After IF0

2

4

6

8

10

B fragilis

log

10

gr

fec

es

Results

Methods Conclusions

Figure 1 Log10gr wet feces level means measured before Islamic fasting (baseline) and after Islamic fasting BF Before fasting AF After fasting

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 43: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Helicobacter pylori Tedavisinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Uumlzerine Etkisi

Serap Suumlzuumlk1 Meltem Yalınay2 Tarkan Karakan3

1 THSK Mikrobiyoloji referans Laboratuvarı DB 2 GUumlTF Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı

3 GUumlTF Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı

3 KLİMUD Kongresi Antalya 19-22 Kasım 2015

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 44: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Ceren Oumlzkul

Serap Suumlzuumlk

Berrin Oumlztuumlrk

Martin Blaser

Tarkan Karakan

Meltem Yalınay

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır

Page 45: Nutrisyonel Epigenetik ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasıprobiyotik2017.ftskongre.org/webkontrol/uploads... · Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species) with

Sonuccedil

Kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tuumlr duumlzeyinde guumlvenilir sonuccedil verir

Metagenomik youmlntemler

mikrobiyom ccedilalışmaları iccedilin altın standarttır