10
7/24/2015 1 Disclosure I have nothing to disclose. 2 Objectives Describe drug therapy contraindications during NSTEACS Discuss new antiplatelet drug therapy recommendations in treatment of NSTEACS Compare and Contrast new NSTEACS guidelines with older versions 3 NSTEACSACS GUIDELINE UPDATE 2014 CABG 2011 PCI 2011 STEMI Update 2013 NSTEACS 2014 focused update 2012 UA/NSTEMI MI guideline 2007 4 5 NSTEACS ~ 720,000 number annually 70% All ACS 3.7 % Inhospital mortality 713% Requiring CABG Same admission 33% Requiring CABG occur within 48 h 6

NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    4

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

1

Disclosure

• I have nothing to disclose.

2

Objectives

• Describe drug therapy contraindications during NSTE‐ACS

• Discuss new anti‐platelet drug therapy recommendations  in treatment of NSTE‐ACS

• Compare and Contrast new NSTE‐ACS guidelines with older versions

3

NSTE‐ACS‐ACS GUIDELINE UPDATE 2014

CABG 2011

PCI 2011

STEMI Update  2013

NSTE‐ACS  2014

focused update 2012

UA/NSTEMI MI guideline 2007

4

5

NSTE‐ACS

~ 720,000  number annually

70% All ACS

3.7 % In‐hospital mortality

7‐13% Requiring CABG Same admission      

33% Requiring CABG occur within 48 h    

6

Page 2: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

2

Patient Case 1

55 YOF

CC: new onset crushing pain in chest worse on exertion

12 lead ECG (within 10 mins): WNL

PE:  no murmers, no evidence of HF*

SH: (‐) ETOH, (‐) smoking

Serial Troponins:  0.02, 0.11, 0.018HR 70, BP 130/70, O2 sats 98% 

7 8

Cardiac Biomarkers of ACS

Troponin I or T should be measured at presentation

3 to 6 hours after symptom onset to identify rising/falling pattern

No benefit for CK‐MB for diagnosis in presence of Troponin assays

Re‐measure troponins day 3 or 4 to assess infarct size

BNP may offer additional prognostic info 

1A

III A

IIb B

Ilb B

9

Patient Case 1

Home medications:

Ibuprofen 200 mg po qid prn pain (2/day)

Estradiol 1 mg po daily

Progesterone 200 mg po hs 

Risk Stratification

TIMI = 1  (low risk) 

GRACE score < 109

Patient admitted to in‐patient telemetry

10

11

Goals of Therapy

Immediate relief of ischemia

Prevention of progression to STEMI

Decreased mortality  

Restore patient to baseline level of functioning

12

Page 3: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

3

Early Hospital Care (All patients)

13 14

Patient Case

Oxygen prn O2 Sat less than 90 % or hypoxemia

Nitroglycerin SL or IV relief of ischemia

Morphine 2.5 mg IV q 15 minutes prn CP

Carvedilol 3.25 mg po BID

Rosuvastatin 20 mg po daily                                            

15

In‐patient Home Meds

DC Ibuprofen (do not continue)

DC estradiol/progesterone 

(do not continue) in critical situation

Post hospitalization (relative contraindication) 

16

IIIB

III A

Therapy OptionsRisk Stratified by Timing 

Ischemic Guided (new term)

Immediate Invasive

< 2 hours

Early Invasive

< 24 hours

Delayed Invasive

25‐72 hours

17

Formerly Conservative Management

18

Rationale: low risk patients conditions may only require drug therapyAdvantage: avoid routine/unnecessary invasive procedures (reduced risk)Disadvantage: may delay angiography and PCI/CABG when needed

Page 4: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

4

19 20

162 mg

81-325 mg in errata; 81-162 mg correct

21

Case 1 

Enoxaparin 1 mg / kg SC q 12 h

ASA 325 mg po x 1

ASA 81 mg po hosp day 2 indefinitely +

Clopidogrel 75 mg po daily x 12 months 

OR ticagrelor 90 mg po bid x 12 months*

22

Patient Case 1

Patient in hospital 12 hours post symptoms

CP increases 

ECG: T wave deviation (non elevation)

Increased serial troponins

Patient TIMI score 

STAT cardiologist call

Culprit lesion on angiography

23 24

Page 5: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

5

Patient Case: PCI

BUN/Cr = 14/0.8; Calc Cr Cl > 100 mL/min

Eptifibatide 180 mcg IV bolus x 1

Eptifibatide 2 mcg/kg/min

Ticagelor 180 mg po x 1 over clopidogrel  IIa B

25 26

Case 2

43 YOM via EMS to ED at 3:45 AM

CC: random onset chest pain

SOB/Fatigue on exertion

Neck and jaw pain increased severity over past 2 weeks now intolerable

PMH: CAD, HTN

SH: (+) tobacco 1 PPD x 30 years

27

Home Medications

Metoprolol succinate 100 mg po daily

NTG 0.4 SL (patient taken > 10 / day)

Isosorbide mononitrate ER 60mg po daily

Lisinopril 20 mg bid

Aspirin 325 mg Chew x 1

28

29

Case 2

HR 120, SBP 135/90

Troponins: 0.05, 0.11, 0.39

CK‐MB: 2.2 WNL

ECG: ST depression

Urgent beside ECHO:

30% EF, no valve disease

Stat CT (‐) PE, (‐) emphysema

Angiogram: multi‐vessel lesions

30

Page 6: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

6

31 32

33

Rationale: high risk patients need immediate Advantage: reduction in morbidity and mortality in high risk patients; facilitation of earlier discharge

34

600 mg

Anti‐Platelet Drug Study

Triton‐TIMI ‐38

Prior guidelines

Prasugrel avoided in patients:

Age > 75

Stroke/TIA

< 60 kg

Trilogy‐ACS

Updated 

Post Hoc findings

35 36

Page 7: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

7

37

AbciximabEptifibatide double bolusHigh dose Tirofiban

GPI Class I Level A

38

39

Rationale: Low or Intermediate risk patients Advantage: Avoid using resources that high risk patients may really needDisadvantage: May become unstable and high risk

40

Rationale: May be safer to re-vascularize once plaque stableAdvantage: Less plaque rupture ????? Disadvantage: May delay discharge (increase LOS)

Late Hospital Care

41 42

Page 8: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

8

43

Secondary Prevention

44

Patient Discharge Meds

Carvedilol 3.25 mg po BID titration     (BB)

Rosuvastatin 20 mg po daily  (Statin)

ASA 81 mg po hosp day 2 indefinitely +       (DAPT)

Clopidogrel 75 mg po daily x 12 months 

OR ticagrelor 90 mg po bid x 12 months

Pneumococcal vaccine – 23 valent IM x 1   

Level B

Annual Flu vaccine IM x 1 during flu season

Level C  45 46

Considerations In Special Populations 

47 48

Cocaine and Methamphetamine Users

Page 9: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

9

Heart Failure 

Evaluate and treat underlying CHF with ACEI or ARB (not both)*

Reduced EF versus Preserved EF

ACEI or ARB

Aldosterone Antagonists

49 50

DAPT and NOAC Caveats

No role for NOAC + DAPT for NSTEM –ACS treatment 

No role for NOAC + DAPT for  secondary prevention for NSTE‐ACS

DAPT and OAC (triple therapy 

best avoided) 

When can’t be avoided due to co‐morbidity

limit duration when possible

If VKA and DAPT and history GIB

use PPI

1 C

1C

51

Ongoing Controversies

Platelet function testing

Safety of Stimulant Medication in CV disease

Optimal Timing of Angiography 

New Role for Omega‐3 fatty acids to protect damaged heart 

Optimal duration of DAPT 

52

Resources

Copay reducing cards

Free 1 month supply regardless of medicare/medicaid

www.brilinta.com

www.effient.com

53

Core Measures

2015

AMI‐ 1 ASA on arrival

AMI‐3 ACEI or ARB for HRrEF

AMI‐5 Beta Blocker Prescribed at Discharge

Removed 2015

AMI‐2   ASA prescribed at D/C

AMI‐10 Statin prescribed at D/C

54

Page 10: NSTE ACS - cdn.ymaws.com€¦ · Risk Stratified by Timing Ischemic Guided (new term) Immediate Invasive < 2 hours Early Invasive < 24 hours Delayed Invasive 25‐72 hours 17 Formerly

7/24/2015

10

References

Amsterdam EA et al. 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non‐ST‐Evaluation Acute Coronary Syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(24):e139‐228.

Roe M. et al the TRILOGY‐ACS investigators. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel for acute coronary syndromes without revascularization. N Engl J Med 2012;367(14):1297‐309. 

Wiviott  SD et al. Efficacy and safety of intensive antiplatelet therapy with prasugrel from TRITON‐TIMI 38 in a core clinical cohort defined by worldwide regulatory agencies. Am J Cardio. 2011;108:905‐11.

55