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ns2000 user manual
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User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 1
08 Fall
NovelSat NS2000 Demodulator User Guide
NovelSat US
25 Tanglewood Rd. Newton, MA 02459, USA
NovelSat UK
141 Gloucester Road, London SW7 4TH, UK
2012 NovelSat The material contained in this document is confidential and intended for use only by parties authorized by NovelSat. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means whether, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise without the prior written permission of NovelSat.
User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 2
About this Manual
This manual provides an overview of the NS2000 Modulator together with installation, configuration, basic operation and maintenance information. This document is intended for use by engineers and technicians who want/need to/should familiarize themselves with the system.
This revision of this manual holds performance, GUI and screen snapshots from software version 2.2 build (2764), firmware version 1.1.1 (build 2592).
Software version can be checked from the web GUI under System->hw/sw versions.
Please make sure your review the 3Installation at chapter 3 prior to actually installing the device.
Feedback
NovelSat encourages you to send us any comments you may have in regard to errors or suggestions for improvements in the document or in its products. We are committed to providing documentation that meets your needs.
Please send your comments to: [email protected]
Cautions and Warnings
A caution icon in the text of this manual indicates a situation in which damage can
be caused to the NS2000 if the content of this message is not properly heeded.
A warning icon in the text of this manual indicates a potentially hazardous situation in which injury or death could result if the content of this message is not properly heeded.
The warning sign does not represent the death danger. Need to find better icon.
Warranty
NovelSat Ltd. (the Seller) warrants this NS3 proprietary hardware equipment for twelve (12) months from delivery by Seller (the "Warranty Period") against defects arising from faulty materials and workmanship under conditions of normal use. The 12 months period shall commence as from the date of the delivery of the product to you, by Seller or any of its distributors.
This warranty is subject to the following conditions and procedures. To receive coverage
under this warranty: (1) you must provide to Seller, prior to the end of the Warranty Period written notice regarding a defective part of an item of equipment by registered mail to the address below and/or by e-mail to [email protected], (2) you must afford the Seller or its authorized representative a prompt and reasonable opportunity to inspect any part as to
User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 3
which any claim is being made, (3) the relevant part must have been stored, shipped, handled, installed, tested, operated, and maintained in accordance with the then current recommendations set forth in the equipment's manual and/or other written instructions from Seller and not have been modified or serviced by anyone other than Seller, (4) the proprietary hardware box was not opened by a person that was not authorized by the Seller, as shall be determined by the Seller, and (5) this Warranty Card was signed and sent back to the Seller within 30 days as from the products receipt by you, to the address of the Seller indicated bellow, provided however that you would be bound by the terms and conditions of this Limited Warranty regardless of your compliance with this sub-section (5). This warranty does not include damage to the equipment or any parts thereof resulting from a cause other than
part defect or malfunction. This warranty does not include damage resulting from neglect, accident, fire, lightning, power or air conditioning failure or other hazard, or unreasonable use.
Warranty to Software components shall be provided in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Seller's standard NS3 End User License Agreement.
Revision History
Revision Date Originator Comment
0.01
0.02
1.00 30/7/12 Ariel Kraft Release Candidate 1
4.2 18/10/12 Nir Barkan Release version 4.1
Acronyms
Acronym Description
ACM Adaptive Coding and Modulation
APSK Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying
ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface or Adjacent Satellite Interference (I dont think we use the ASI
term in this document as Ajacent Satellite Interference although it is a common term in the
industry)
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem multiple error correction binary block code
CCM Constant Coding and Modulation
CIR Carrier Interference Ratio
User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 4
CNR Carrier Noise Ratio
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-S DVB System for satellite broadcasting specified in EN 300 421
DVB-S2 DVB-S2 System for satellite broadcasting specified in EN 302 307
Eb/No Energy-per-bit to Noise density ratio
EN European Norm
Es/No Energy-per-symbol to Noise density ratio
FEC Forward Error Correction
GUI Graphical User Interface
IBO Input Back Off
IF Intermediate Frequency
IM InterModulation
IMUX Input MUltixpleXer
ISI InterSymbol Interference OR Input Stream Identifier
ISSY Input Stream SYnchronizer
LDPC Low Density Parity Check (codes)
LSB Least Significant Bit
MCT Mode Code Type
MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group
MSB Most Significant Bit
NLDC Non-Linear Distortion Compensation
NLPD Non-Linear Pre-Distortion
OMUX Output MUltixpleXer
PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
PSK Phase Shift Keying
QPSK Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
RF Radio Frequency
ROF Roll-Off-Factor
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
TWTA Travelling Wave Tube Amplifier
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Version 4.2 I 5
VCM Variable Coding and Modulation
User Guide NS 2000
Version 4.2 I 6
Table of Contents
Revision ............................................................................................................................................... 3
Date ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Originator ............................................................................................................................................ 3
Comment ............................................................................................................................................. 3
1 NS3 Overview................................................................................................................................. 18
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 18
1.2 The NS3 Advantage ............................................................................................................. 19
1.3 Comparing NS3 and DVB-S2 ................................................................................................ 19
1.3.1 Allocated Bandwidth ....................................................................................................... 20
1.3.2 Noise Level ...................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.3 Transmit Power ............................................................................................................... 21
1.3.4 Actual Performance ........................................................................................................ 22
1.3.5 Saturated Channel........................................................................................................... 22
1.3.6 Spectral Mask .................................................................................................................. 23
1.3.7 Phase Noise Immunity .................................................................................................... 26
2 Theory Of Operation ...................................................................................................................... 28
2.1 Logical and Physical Channels concepts ................................................................................. 28
2.2 Dual Channel Operation ......................................................................................................... 29
2.3 Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM) ............................................................................... 29
2.4 Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) Dual Channel ....................................................... 30
2.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) ............................................................................... 32
2.5.1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 32
2.5.2 Constant Power Mode .................................................................................................... 33
2.5.3 Constant Enevelope Mode .............................................................................................. 33
2.5.4 ACM System Description ................................................................................................. 33
2.5.4.1 Point-to-Point ACM ................................................................................................................ 34
2.5.4.2 Point-to-Multipoint ACM ........................................................................................................ 35
2.5.4.2.1 Dual Channel addition ...................................................................................................... 35
2.5.4.3 ACM Configuration ................................................................................................................. 36
2.6 ASI Interface ........................................................................................................................... 37
2.7 GbE Interface .......................................................................................................................... 38
2.7.1 Full Duplex Ethernet Communication ............................................................................. 39
2.7.2 Point-to-Multipoint Full Duplex Ethernet Communication ............................................ 41
3 Installation ..................................................................................................................................... 42
3.1 Safety Precautions .................................................................................................................. 42
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3.2 Installation Codes ................................................................................................................... 42
3.3 Interconnection of Units ........................................................................................................ 42
3.4 Installation Requirements ...................................................................................................... 42
3.5 Unpacking ............................................................................................................................... 43
3.6 Removal and Assembly .......................................................................................................... 43
3.7 Mounting Considerations ....................................................................................................... 44
3.8 Demodulator Checkout .......................................................................................................... 44
3.8.1 Initial Power-Up .............................................................................................................. 44
4 Technical Description..................................................................................................................... 45
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 45
4.2 System Characteristics ........................................................................................................... 45
4.2.1 NS3 .................................................................................................................................. 45
4.2.2 DVB-S2 ............................................................................................................................. 45
4.3 Functionality of the NS2000 demodulator ............................................................................. 46
4.3.1 Main Modules ................................................................................................................. 46
4.4 Power Supply .......................................................................................................................... 46
4.5 Front Panel ............................................................................................................................. 47
4.6 Rear Panel ............................................................................................................................... 48
4.7 Connectors on the rear panel ................................................................................................ 48
4.7.1 Mains AC input connector .............................................................................................. 48
4.7.2 RS232 M&C interface ...................................................................................................... 48
4.7.3 Alarm Connector ............................................................................................................. 50
4.7.4 Ethernet Control Connector ............................................................................................ 50
4.7.5 ASI Interface Connectors ................................................................................................ 50
4.7.6 Gigabit Ethernet Traffic Connectors .............................................................................. 51
4.7.7 Demodulator L-band input Connector ............................................................................ 51
4.7.8 Demodulator IF input Connector .................................................................................... 51
5 Front Panel Operation ................................................................................................................... 52
5.1 Indicators ................................................................................................................................ 52
5.2 Display and Keypad ................................................................................................................ 52
5.3 Menu Structure ...................................................................................................................... 53
5.3.1 Monitor ........................................................................................................................... 53
5.3.1.1 Line-Status .............................................................................................................................. 53
5.3.1.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 53
5.3.1.1.1.1 Mode ......................................................................................................................... 53
5.3.1.1.1.2 State........................................................................................................................... 53
5.3.1.1.1.3 Composite Power ...................................................................................................... 53
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5.3.1.1.1.4 Signal Power .............................................................................................................. 53
5.3.1.1.1.5 Symbol Rate ............................................................................................................... 53
5.3.1.1.1.6 Roll Off ....................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.1.7 RF Frequency ............................................................................................................. 54
5.3.1.1.2 Channel-1.......................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.2.1 Data Rate ................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.2.2 Status ......................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.2.3 Modulation ................................................................................................................ 54
5.3.1.1.2.4 Frame-Size ................................................................................................................. 54
5.3.1.1.2.5 Pilot ............................................................................................................................ 54
5.3.1.1.2.6 FEC-Rate .................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.2.7 Frames ....................................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1.1.2.8 Error-Frames .............................................................................................................. 54
5.3.1.1.2.9 FER ............................................................................................................................. 54
5.3.1.1.3 Channel-2 (if dual mode is enabled) ................................................................................. 55
5.3.1.1.4 Mode-Code ....................................................................................................................... 55
5.3.1.2 Interfaces ................................................................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2.1.1 Name ......................................................................................................................... 55
5.3.1.2.1.2 Source ........................................................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2.1.3 Rate............................................................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2.2 GbE-A ................................................................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2.2.1 TX Packets .................................................................................................................. 55
5.3.1.2.2.2 TX Bytes ..................................................................................................................... 55
5.3.1.2.2.3 CRC Errors .................................................................................................................. 55
5.3.1.2.3 GbE-B-Status ..................................................................................................................... 55
5.3.1.3 Alarms ..................................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.1.4 System-Status ......................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.1.4.1 FPGA Temperature ........................................................................................................... 56
5.3.1.4.2 10MHz Clock Source ......................................................................................................... 56
5.3.2 System ............................................................................................................................. 57
5.3.2.1 Database ................................................................................................................................. 57
5.3.2.1.1 Set-Factory-Default .......................................................................................................... 57
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5.3.2.1.2 Load .................................................................................................................................. 58
5.3.2.1.3 Save-As ............................................................................................................................. 58
5.3.2.1.4 Save .................................................................................................................................. 58
5.3.2.2 Versions .................................................................................................................................. 58
5.3.2.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 58
5.3.2.2.2 Active-SW ......................................................................................................................... 58
5.3.2.3 HW-Config............................................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.1 Product Type .................................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.2 Serial Number ................................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.3 Hardware Version ............................................................................................................. 59
5.3.2.3.4 MAC Address .................................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.5 Internal Clock Type ........................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.6 Card 1 Type ....................................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.6.1 Card 1 Serial Number ................................................................................................ 59
5.3.2.3.6.2 Card 1 HW Version .................................................................................................... 59
5.3.2.3.6.3 Card 2 Type ................................................................................................................ 60
5.3.2.4 General ................................................................................................................................... 60
5.3.2.4.1 Reboot .............................................................................................................................. 60
5.3.2.4.2 Reset Passwords ............................................................................................................... 60
5.3.2.4.3 Device Name ..................................................................................................................... 60
5.3.2.5 Screen Saver ........................................................................................................................... 60
5.3.2.5.1 Set-Message ..................................................................................................................... 60
5.3.2.5.2 Set-Delay........................................................................................................................... 60
5.3.3 System-Configure ............................................................................................................ 61
5.3.3.1 Management .......................................................................................................................... 61
5.3.3.1.1 IP ....................................................................................................................................... 61
5.3.3.1.1.1 DHCP-Client ............................................................................................................... 61
5.3.3.1.1.2 IP-Address .................................................................................................................. 61
5.3.3.1.1.3 Subnet-mask .............................................................................................................. 61
5.3.3.1.1.4 Default-Gateway ....................................................................................................... 61
5.3.3.1.1.5 DNS ............................................................................................................................ 62
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Version 4.2 I 10
5.3.3.1.2 SNMP ................................................................................................................................ 62
5.3.3.1.2.1 SNMP Version ............................................................................................................ 62
5.3.3.1.2.2 Read-Only-Community .............................................................................................. 62
5.3.3.1.2.3 Read-Write-Community ............................................................................................ 62
5.3.3.1.2.4 Trap-Version .............................................................................................................. 62
5.3.3.1.2.5 Trap-Community-1 .................................................................................................... 62
5.3.3.1.2.6 Trap-Host-1 ................................................................................................................ 62
5.3.3.1.2.7 Trap-Community-2 .................................................................................................... 62
5.3.3.1.2.8 Trap-Host-2 ................................................................................................................ 62
5.3.3.1.3 Alarms & Events ............................................................................................................... 63
5.3.3.1.3.1 Mask .......................................................................................................................... 63
5.3.3.1.3.2 Relay Mask ................................................................................................................. 63
5.3.3.2 10MHz Clock ........................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.3.2.1 Source ............................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.3.3 Serial Port ............................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.3.3.1 Baud-Rate ......................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.3.3.2 Data-Bits ........................................................................................................................... 64
5.3.3.3.3 Parity ................................................................................................................................. 64
5.3.3.3.4 Stop-Bit ............................................................................................................................. 64
5.3.3.4 System-Time ........................................................................................................................... 65
5.3.3.4.1 Time .................................................................................................................................. 65
5.3.4 Demodulator-Configure .................................................................................................. 66
5.3.4.1 Line ......................................................................................................................................... 66
5.3.4.1.1 Mode ................................................................................................................................ 66
5.3.4.1.2 Dual-Channel-Mode ......................................................................................................... 66
5.3.4.1.3 Symbol-Rate ..................................................................................................................... 66
5.3.4.1.4 LNB-LO-Freq ..................................................................................................................... 66
5.3.4.1.5 RF-Freq ............................................................................................................................. 67
5.3.4.1.6 Roll-Off .............................................................................................................................. 67
5.3.4.1.7 Golden-Seq ....................................................................................................................... 67
5.3.4.1.8 LNB Control ....................................................................................................................... 68
5.3.4.1.9 Non-Linear Mode.............................................................................................................. 68
5.3.4.1.10 ACM Mode ...................................................................................................................... 68
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Version 4.2 I 11
5.3.4.1.10.1 ACM Margin ............................................................................................................. 68
5.3.4.1.10.2 ACM Server IP Adress .............................................................................................. 68
5.3.4.1.11 Auto CCM Mode ............................................................................................................. 68
5.3.4.2 Channels ................................................................................................................................. 69
5.3.4.2.1 Channel 1 .......................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.4.2.1.1 ISI Range .................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.4.2.2 Channel 2 .......................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.4.2.2.1 ISI Range .................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.4.3 Interfaces ................................................................................................................................ 70
5.3.4.3.1 TEST .................................................................................................................................. 70
5.3.4.3.1.1 Source ........................................................................................................................ 70
5.3.4.3.1.2 Pattern ....................................................................................................................... 70
5.3.4.3.1.3 Pattern-Invert ............................................................................................................ 70
5.3.4.3.1.4 Pattern-Byte .............................................................................................................. 70
5.3.4.3.2 ASI-A ................................................................................................................................. 71
5.3.4.3.2.1 Source ........................................................................................................................ 71
5.3.4.3.2.2 Data-Invert ................................................................................................................ 71
5.3.4.3.2.3 Data Rate Mode......................................................................................................... 71
5.3.4.3.2.4 Data Rate ................................................................................................................... 71
5.3.4.3.2.5 Data Rate Accuracy .................................................................................................... 71
5.3.4.3.3 ASI-B ................................................................................................................................. 72
5.3.4.3.3.1 Source ........................................................................................................................ 72
5.3.4.3.3.2 Data-Invert ................................................................................................................ 72
5.3.4.3.3.3 Data Rate Mode......................................................................................................... 72
5.3.4.3.3.4 Data Rate ................................................................................................................... 73
5.3.4.3.3.5 Data Rate Accuracy .................................................................................................... 73
5.3.4.3.4 GbE-A ................................................................................................................................ 73
5.3.4.3.4.1 Source ........................................................................................................................ 73
5.3.4.3.4.2 Auto-Negotiation ....................................................................................................... 73
5.3.4.3.4.3 Speed ......................................................................................................................... 73
5.3.4.3.4.4 Duplex ........................................................................................................................ 74
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5.3.4.3.4.5 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................ 74
5.3.4.3.5 GbE-B ................................................................................................................................ 74
5.3.4.3.5.1 Source ........................................................................................................................ 74
5.3.4.3.5.2 Auto-Negotiation ....................................................................................................... 74
5.3.4.3.5.3 Speed ......................................................................................................................... 74
5.3.4.3.5.4 Duplex ........................................................................................................................ 74
5.3.4.3.5.5 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................ 75
6 Remote Control Operation ............................................................................................................ 76
6.1 Web Interface ......................................................................................................................... 76
6.1.1 Monitor ........................................................................................................................... 78
6.1.1.1 Line ......................................................................................................................................... 78
6.1.1.2 Interface ................................................................................................................................. 78
6.1.1.2.1 Status ................................................................................................................................ 78
6.1.1.2.2 Gb Ethernet ...................................................................................................................... 79
6.1.1.3 Alarm ...................................................................................................................................... 79
6.1.1.4 Event ....................................................................................................................................... 79
6.1.1.5 System .................................................................................................................................... 79
6.1.2 System ............................................................................................................................. 80
6.1.2.1 Database ................................................................................................................................. 80
6.1.2.1.1 Preset Configurations ....................................................................................................... 80
6.1.2.1.2 Load .................................................................................................................................. 80
6.1.2.1.3 Save As .............................................................................................................................. 81
6.1.2.1.4 Rename ............................................................................................................................. 82
6.1.2.1.5 Delete ............................................................................................................................... 82
6.1.2.1.6 Download ......................................................................................................................... 82
6.1.2.1.7 Upload Configuration ....................................................................................................... 82
6.1.2.1.8 Save .................................................................................................................................. 83
6.1.2.2 HW/SW Versions .................................................................................................................... 84
6.1.2.3 License .................................................................................................................................... 85
6.1.2.4 SW Upgrade ............................................................................................................................ 85
6.1.2.5 General ................................................................................................................................... 87
6.1.2.6 Users ....................................................................................................................................... 87
6.1.2.6.1 Delete User ....................................................................................................................... 87
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6.1.2.6.2 Change Password ............................................................................................................. 88
6.1.2.6.3 Add User ........................................................................................................................... 88
6.1.3 System Configure options ............................................................................................ 88
6.1.3.1 Management .......................................................................................................................... 88
6.1.3.1.1 IP ....................................................................................................................................... 88
6.1.3.1.2 SNMP ................................................................................................................................ 89
6.1.3.1.3 Alrams&Events ................................................................................................................. 89
6.1.3.2 10MHz-Clock ........................................................................................................................... 89
6.1.3.3 Serial Port ............................................................................................................................... 90
6.1.3.4 System-Time ........................................................................................................................... 90
6.1.4 Demodulator - Config options ........................................................................................ 91
6.1.4.1 Line ......................................................................................................................................... 91
6.1.4.2 Channel 1 ................................................................................................................................ 91
6.1.4.3 Channel 2 ................................................................................................................................ 92
6.1.4.4 Interface Test .......................................................................................................................... 92
6.1.4.5 Interface ASI-A ........................................................................................................................ 92
6.1.4.6 Interface ASI-B ........................................................................................................................ 92
6.1.4.7 Interface Gb Ethernet-A ......................................................................................................... 93
6.1.4.8 Interface Gb Ethernet-B.......................................................................................................... 93
6.1.5 MCT Calculator ................................................................................................................ 94
6.1.5.1 How To Access NovelSat MCT Calculator ............................................................................... 94
6.1.5.2 NovelSat MCT Calculator Structure ........................................................................................ 94
6.1.5.3 NovelSat MCT Calculators Results ......................................................................................... 95
6.1.5.4 NovelSat MCT Example ........................................................................................................... 96
6.1.5.4.1 Advised Mode Code.......................................................................................................... 96
6.1.5.4.2 Result Table Legend .......................................................................................................... 97
6.1.5.4.3 Applying a Specific Mode Code on the Device ................................................................. 97
6.2 SNMP ...................................................................................................................................... 98
6.2.1 Compatibility remarks ..................................................................................................... 98
6.2.2 Checklist for getting started ............................................................................................ 99
7 Quick Operation Guide ................................................................................................................100
7.1 Single_Channel_ASI-A_L-Band .............................................................................................101
7.2 Dual_Channel_ASI_VCM_L-Band .........................................................................................101
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7.3 Single_Channel_GbE-A_L-Band ............................................................................................101
7.4 Dual_Channel_GbE_VCM_L-Band ........................................................................................102
7.5 Dual_Channel_PRBS_IF-Band ...............................................................................................102
7.6 Redudancy Switch operation ...............................................................................................103
8 Technical Specifications ...............................................................................................................104
8.1 Input Interfaces ....................................................................................................................104
8.1.1 L-Band Input ..................................................................................................................104
8.1.2 LNB Power Control ........................................................................................................104
8.1.3 IF-Band Input .................................................................................................................104
8.1.4 10MHz Reference Clock I/O (Optional) .........................................................................104
8.1.5 10 MHz Clock High Stability (Optional) ......................................................................105
8.2 Baseband ..............................................................................................................................105
8.2.1 DVB-S2 ...........................................................................................................................105
8.2.2 NS3 ................................................................................................................................105
8.3 Output Interfaces .................................................................................................................105
8.3.1 ASI Output .....................................................................................................................105
8.3.2 GbE Output (Optional) ..................................................................................................105
8.4 Monitor and Control Interfaces ...........................................................................................105
8.4.1 SW interfaces ................................................................................................................105
8.4.2 Serial RS232 Interface ...................................................................................................106
8.4.3 Ethernet ........................................................................................................................106
8.4.4 Alarm Interface .............................................................................................................106
8.5 Physical .................................................................................................................................106
8.6 Environmental ......................................................................................................................106
8.7 Optional Interfaces ...............................................................................................................106
9 Ordering Information...................................................................................................................107
10 Troubleshooting Guide ............................................................................................................108
10.1 No Web GUI appears ............................................................................................................108
10.2 Parameters mismatch ..........................................................................................................108
10.3 Golden Sequnce Matching ...................................................................................................108
10.4 No Input Power ....................................................................................................................108
10.5 Dual Channel mislock ...........................................................................................................108
11 Maintenance and Service .........................................................................................................109
11.1 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................109
11.2 Service ..................................................................................................................................109
11.3 Company Address .................................................................................................................109
11.4 RMA Form .............................................................................................................................110
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List of Figures
Figure 1 - Allocated Bandwidth ............................................................................................................. 20
Figure 2 - Noise Level ............................................................................................................................ 21
Figure 3 - DVB-S2/NS3 Transmit power ................................................................................................ 21
Figure 4 - Nominal Performance Chart ................................................................................................. 22
Figure 5 - Performance Comparison in Saturated and non-saturated channel conditions.................. 23
Figure 6 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 12MHz ..................................................................... 24
Figure 7 - NS1000 Spectral image, DVB-S2, 20% ROF, 72MHz ............................................................. 25
Figure 8 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 72MHz ..................................................................... 25
Figure 9 - Phase Noise Immunity Results .............................................................................................. 26
Figure 10 - Phase Noise Mask applied for Phase Noise Test ................................................................ 27
Figure 11 - Phase Noise Test Setup ....................................................................................................... 27
Figure 12 - Physical and Logical channels concept ............................................................................... 28
Figure 13 - VCM illustration .................................................................................................................. 30
Figure 14 - Dual Channels with QoS mechanism .................................................................................. 31
Figure 15 - Point - to - Point ACM ......................................................................................................... 34
Figure 16 - Point-to Mulit Point ACM.................................................................................................... 35
Figure 17 - ACM with Dual Channel Example ....................................................................................... 36
Figure 18 - NSPE Overhead Vs. Etherne Frame Size ............................................................................. 38
Figure 19 - Full Duplex example with a router ...................................................................................... 39
Figure 20 - Full Duplex example using a switch and VLANs .................................................................. 40
Figure 21 - Point to Mulit Point Full Duplex example ........................................................................... 41
Figure 22 NS2000 Block Diagram ....................................................................................................... 46
Figure 23 NS2000 Front Panel ............................................................................................................ 47
Figure 24 NS2000 Rear Panel ............................................................................................................. 48
Figure 25 - Redundant switch alarm cable ........................................................................................... 50
Figure 26 - Gigabit Ethernet Interface (RJ-45 socket connector), IEEE 802.3ab compliant ................. 51
Figure 27 - Home Page display .............................................................................................................. 77
Figure 28 - Active Areas example .......................................................................................................... 77
Figure 29 - Monitor Line Screen ............................................................................................................ 78
Figure 30 - Monitor Interface Screen .................................................................................................... 78
Figure 31 - Monitor Gb Ethernet Interface ........................................................................................... 79
Figure 32 - NS2000 System Alarms Screen ........................................................................................... 79
Figure 33 - Monitor Events screen ........................................................................................................ 79
Figure 34 - NS2000 System Status Screen ............................................................................................ 80
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Figure 35 - NS2000 Database Settings Screen ...................................................................................... 80
Figure 36 - Load Configuration Option ................................................................................................. 81
Figure 37- Save Configuration Option ................................................................................................... 81
Figure 38 - Rename Configuration Option ............................................................................................ 82
Figure 39 - Delete Configuration Option ............................................................................................... 82
Figure 40 - Download Configuration Option ......................................................................................... 82
Figure 41 - Upload Configuration Option .............................................................................................. 83
Figure 42 -Save Configuration Option ................................................................................................... 83
Figure 43 - NS2000 HW/SW configuration screen ................................................................................ 84
Figure 44 - NS2000 license Screen ........................................................................................................ 85
Figure 45 - NS2000 SW Upgrade Screen ............................................................................................... 86
Figure 46 NS2000 General Options screen ........................................................................................ 87
Figure 47 NS2000 USERS actions screen ............................................................................................ 87
Figure 48 - NS2000 Delete user Screen ................................................................................................. 87
Figure 49 - NS2000 Change password Screen....................................................................................... 88
Figure 50 - NS2000 Add User Screen .................................................................................................... 88
Figure 51 NS2000 Management IP screen ......................................................................................... 88
Figure 52 NS2000 SNMP screen ......................................................................................................... 89
Figure 53 NS2000 Alarms & Events screen ........................................................................................ 89
Figure 54 NS2000 10MHz Clock screen .............................................................................................. 89
Figure 55 NS2000 Serial Port screen .................................................................................................. 90
Figure 56 NS2000 Date & Time screen .............................................................................................. 90
Figure 57 - Demodulator Config Line Page ........................................................................................... 91
Figure 58 - Demodulator Config Channel 1 Settings ............................................................................. 91
Figure 59 - Demodulator Config Channel 2 Settings ............................................................................. 92
Figure 60 NS2000 Interface Test screen ............................................................................................ 92
Figure 61 NS2000 Interface ASI-A ...................................................................................................... 92
Figure 62 NS2000 Interface ASI-B ...................................................................................................... 93
Figure 63 NS2000 Interface GbE-A ..................................................................................................... 93
Figure 64 NS2000 Interface GbE-B ..................................................................................................... 93
Figure 65 - MCT Calculator Tab on NS2000 WEB gui ............................................................................ 94
Figure 66 - MCT Calculator structure .................................................................................................... 94
Figure 67 - MCT Calculator Comparison Methods ................................................................................ 95
Figure 68 - MCT Calculator Use Example .............................................................................................. 96
Figure 69 - MCT Calculator Legend ....................................................................................................... 97
Figure 70 - MCT Calculator Result Table and Apply Buttons ................................................................ 97
Figure 71 - Back to Back connection ...................................................................................................101
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Figure 72 - Single IRD Source redundancy example ...........................................................................103
List of Tables
Table 1 - ACM Example ......................................................................................................................... 33
Table 2: NS2000 Monitor Connector .................................................................................................... 49
Table 3: NS2000 Alarm Connector ........................................................................................................ 50
Table 4 - General sub menu items ........................................................................................................ 58
Table 5 Active-SW sub menu items ................................................................................................... 59
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1 NS3 Overview
1.1 Introduction
Until the recent emergence of NS3 3G-Sat technology, the belief in the industry was that it is almost impossible to improve the spectral efficiency of the latest DVB-S2 protocol. In spite of this belief, the NS3 modulation scheme achieves 20%-37% increase in throughput when compared to DVB-S2.
In order to deliver the improvements that NS3 provides, NovelSat has integrated NS3 into a state-of-the-art Modulator/Demodulator pair which are designed for both video and data transmission. This equipment has two other unique characteristics in addition to NS3:
1) The ability to support 72MHz as a single carrier
2) The ability to process wideband, high-quality signals to deliver ultra-broadband speeds up to 358Mbps.
In typical video contribution/distribution conditions on 36MHz or smaller carriers, NS3 usually delivers an improvement of 28% over DVB-S2 . While operating on 72MHz transponders, the improved throughput increases to 37%-62% and beyond. The ability to
transmit single 72MHZ carrier eliminates co-carrier interference and allows saturating the transponder. The result is an increased signal power by more than 2 dB relative to a multi-carrier scenario. This effect, combined with NS3 cutting edge modulation scheme, yields total capacity improvements in excess of 50%.
NS3 was designed using most of the basic building blocks and fundamental techniques of DVB-S2. However, NovelSat enhanced some of them and added new ones to substantially increase the performance and robustness. The first products to use the NS3, third generation satellite modulation, are NovelSat's NS1000 Modulator and NS2000 Demodulator.
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1.2 The NS3 Advantage
The NS3 advantage derives from many different factors in such a manner that, summing all contributions, yields a major performance/spectral efficiency increase. These contributions include:
ROF as low as 5%
Improved algorithms for error correction (stronger LDPC)
Better granularity (the ability to move to a better constellation even for small improvement
(fractions of dB) of SNR at different channel conditions
Higher capacity constellations yielding the ability to get more data for higher SNR (where
DVB-S2 stop at ~15dB)
Non Linear Distortion Compensator on the Demodulator side, to operate at saturated
transponder (more robust solution compare to pre-distortion at the Modulator side)
Lower inherent implementation loss of demodulator from competition resulting with lower threshold values
Support transmission of a single carrier on a 72MHz transponder in saturation mode
Special algorithms to handle high phase noise conditions
All of the above is additive to any data compression schemes might be added before the NS1000 modulator
1.3 Comparing NS3 and DVB-S2
NS3 is a true and de-facto candidate to be the industry new standard. The DVB-S3, if you like. NS3 stands out and pass all the required criteria needed to be a new standard. It has at least 20% performance improvent over DVB-S2 nad it sets out new capablities for satellite communications providers to overcome future needs.
In order to compare apples to apples, all the following tests of NS3 were held under three main contraints:
Equal Bandwidth
Equal Noise Level
Equal Transmit Power.
All the results to appear were achieved while comparing the performance of DVB-S2, (NovelSat's DVB-S2 which has the insdustry's lowest implementation loss) while keeping the contraints mentioned above.
The tests carried out were to set a certain link condition and test throughput , and then under the same conditions change to NS3 and test throuput here.
The following sections depict this concepts and results.
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1.3.1 Allocated Bandwidth
When comparing NS-3 with DVB-S2, we would like to make sure the allocated bandwidth is kept the same. A spectral snapshot of both NS3 (in yellow) and DVB-S2 (in green) 36MHz signals are shown in Figure 1 as an example.
Figure 1 - Allocated Bandwidth
The DVB-S2 signal roll-off factor setting shown in Figure 1 is 20% and, accordingly, the baud rate was set to 30MBaud. The NS-3 signal roll-off factor setting shown in Figure 1 is 5% and, accordingly, the baud rate was set to 34.28MBaud (Symb/s=BW/(1+Roll Off). This was kept fixed throughout the comparison. The two red vertical lines represent the 36MHz channel boundaries. As can be observed, both signals fully reside within the allocated bandwidth and do not interfere with adjacent channels.
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1.3.2 Noise Level
as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 - Noise Level
The two red ellipses emphasize the noise level on both sides of the carrier.
1.3.3 Transmit Power
The transmit power of both NS3 and DVB-S2 signals was kept the same during the comparison, in order to simulate the power limitation of the on-board TWT amplifier. The transmit power is equal to the integral of the power spectral density of the signals, and is illustrated by the red shaded area in Figure 3 for DVB-S2 and NS3 signals, respectively.
DVB-S2 NS3
Figure 3 - DVB-S2/NS3 Transmit power
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As can be seen in , although the spectral shapes of NS3 and DVB-S2 signals are different, the total transmit power is identical.
1.3.4 Actual Performance
The actual performance of the NS3 protocol and DVB-S2 are shown in Figure 4 measured at 30Mbaud with the NS2000. Keep in mind that while the NovelSat implementation loss for DVB-S2 is negligible, implementation losses in DVB-S2 competitors equipment can be substantial. Documented competitor implementation losses explain why actual NS3 performance improvements in the field are greater than what we show in this chart.
Figure 4 - Nominal Performance Chart
The horizontal axis represents the Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR), in dB, and the vertical axis
represents the spectral efficiency in bits/sec/Hz. As can be seen, NS3 is better than the DVB-S2 protocol at all CNR values.
1.3.5 Saturated Channel
Incorporating the non-linear effects of the satellite chain, specifically the Carrier Noise Ratio amplifier, IMUX and OMUX filtering prove that the NS3 protocol advantages over DVB-S2 are kept throughout the CNR range. This scenario is typical when using a single carrier per transponder and high saturation is allowed. The objective conditions that were kept the same during this NS3 and DVB-S2 comparison are:
TWTA same Psat (saturation level) and AM-AM and AM-PM curve
Noise level
Out of band interference after OMUX filtering
The input back-off factor to the TWTA was optimized with each ModCod, both in DVB-S2 and NS3 modes, in order to optimize the performance. Figure 5 shows the ensemble
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2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
CNR [dB]
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
DVB-S2
NS3
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performance of NS3 protocol in saturated and non-saturated conditions against ensemble performance of DVB-S2.
Figure 5 - Performance Comparison in Saturated and non-saturated channel conditions
The red line on the top is the Shannon limit (in pure linear channel conditions), the next two green and blue upper lines represent NS3 and DVB-S2 performance, respectively, with linear channel conditions and the next two green and blue lower lines represent NS3 and DVB-S2 performance, respectively, in a saturated satellite link. As can be seen, the advantage of NS3 protocol over DVB-S2 is kept almost the same in saturated channel as well. The saturated channel lines assume no pre-distortion.
Incorporating Non-Linear Pre-Distortion (NLPD), which is supported by NovelSats modulator and
de-modulator, will shift up both graphs. However, the advantage of NS3 protocol over DVB-S2 will be maintained. In addition to that, NovelSats solution is the only one in the market that supports non-linear equalization on the receiver side which gives performance almost as good as ideal NLPD but without the need for a feedback link and without the knowledge or characterization of the specific satellite in use. The non-linear equalization on the receiver side adapts automatically to mitigate the non-linear impairments. If for example the IBO to the TWT changes due to fading on the uplink the receiver would adapt automatically.
1.3.6 Spectral Mask
The spectral image of the noise free 12MHz NS3 signal with ROF 5% coming out of the
NS1000 modulator in NS3 is shown in Figure 6.
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3
3.5
4
4.5
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Psat/No
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
Shannon
NS3
DVB-S2
NS3 IMUX-TWT-OMUX
DVB-S2 IMUX-TWT-OMUX
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Figure 6 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 12MHz
As can be seen, the signal fully resides within the allocated bandwidth and the out of band noise level drops down to about -65dB.
A similar spectral image of the noise free 72MHz DVB-S2 signal with ROF 20% and 72MHz NS3 signal with ROF 5% are show in Figure 7 and Figure 8, respectively.
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Figure 7 - NS1000 Spectral image, DVB-S2, 20% ROF, 72MHz
Figure 8 - NS1000 Spectral image, NS3, 5% ROF, 72MHz
Once again, the signals fully reside within the allocated 72MHz bandwidth.
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1.3.7 Phase Noise Immunity
NS3 provides excellent phase noise immunity compared to DVB-S2, utilizing special algorithm designed to mitigate it. As can be seen in Figure 9, for the same applied phase noise (See Figure 10) to a DVB-S2 demodualtor and NS3 demodulator, the SNR increase need in DVB-S2 to maintain the modecode was 2dB while in NS3 it was only 0.4dB .
Figure 9 - Phase Noise Immunity Results
As shown in Figure 10, the applied phase noise is as shown in the RED line while the BLUE line is a typical Set Top Box phase noise mask stated in DVB-S2 standard.
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2
2.5
3
CNR [dB]
Ru [
bits/s
ec/H
z]
Performance Comparison
DVB-S2
NS3
32APSK 8/15
24.5Mbps
+0.4 dB
16APSK 2/3
21.4Mbps
+2.0 dB
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Figure 10 - Phase Noise Mask applied for Phase Noise Test
Our test set-up looks as depicted in Figure 11.
NS2000 Demodulator
NS1000 Modulator
Competitors
DVB-S2 Demodulator
Spectrum
Analyzer
White Noise
Generator
Coupler
Splitter
NS3
DVB-S2
DVB-S2
NS3/DVB-S2 NS2000 Demodulator
Signal
Generator
RF Mixer
Figure 11 - Phase Noise Test Setup
102
103
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105
106
107
108
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20Phase noise mask
Freq [Hz]
Density [
dB
c/H
z]
Typical
Under Test
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2 Theory Of Operation
2.1 Logical and Physical Channels concepts
NS3 make use of logical and physical channels concept. The NS2000 has two logical channels, namely channel 1 and channel 2 and they can be assigned to any physical channel. In a way the NS3 implements a multiplexer per each logical channel, that can transmitted over the same carrier. Figure 12 depicts this concept more clearly.
BER Meter
Channel 1
Demodulator
Physical
Channel 2
Logical
Figure 12 - Physical and Logical channels concept
Do note, that only if dual channel option is enabled, the above diagram applies. If only single channel is enabled, only logical channel 1 exists, and all physical channels may be connected to channel 1.
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2.2 Dual Channel Operation
The NS2000 Dual Channel option enables any two inputs to be combined simultaneously over one carrier, each with a different modulation scheme using Variable Coding Modulation (VCM),
one for each channel. This enables transmission quality that is dependent upon the interface content and the different receivers locations.
Dual Channel operation also enables the combination of Ethernet Stream and the ASI interface, easing migration to IP streaming while controlling the QoS of each stream. Each channel can get a dynamic bandwidth allocation in a 1% resolution. The major advantage of NovelSat's dual channel solution is that if a pre-configured channel does not need its bandwidth at the current time, the
second channel can receive the given bandwidth for bulky data chunks transfer, thus, utilizing the costly space segment in a optimal manner.
The respective output channels will output at the respective output connector on the rear panel, identical to the configuration it was injected on the NS1000. For example, data injected on ASI-A IN connector will come out on ASI-A OUT connector.
Dual channel can be enabled using the WEB GUI (See 6.1.4.1) or the front panel (See 5.3.4.1.2 Error! Reference source not found.)
2.3 Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM)
Constant Coding and Modulation (ACM) denotes the stability of modulation, coding and other signal and protocol parameters regardless to the conditions of the radio link. NS3 provides a vast range of modulation schemes and forward error correction (FEC) modes to accommodate many difffrent radio links conditions. Upon Setting the modulator channel setting, that is, the modulation and FEC, they will remain the same until changed again by the user. All the frames transmitted over the selected carrier will use the same parameters.
This mode is supported in all transmission protocols, that is:
DVB-S2
NS3
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2.4 Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) Dual Channel
As was initially introduced in DVB-S2, NS3 offers along with the dual channel option, the ability to have two separate streams, originating from different physical sources (ASI, GbE etc'), to be on the same actual carrier while possessing a different ModeCode, thus enabling maximization of throughput to different remote sites. See Figure 13 for illustration.
MODECODE #1
MODECODE #2
NS1000
NS2000
NS2000
Figure 13 - VCM illustration
The NS3 dual channel option also allows improved utilization of the allocated bandwidth using its built-in Qouality-Of-Service mechanism. To better explain this mechanism, let us explore the next example,as depicted in the figure shown below.
ModeCode#1 Video 70%
MODECODE#2 Ethernet 30%
NS1000
NS2000
NS2000
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Figure 14 - Dual Channels with QoS mechanism
Now ModeCode#1 was assigned 70% of the total allocated wandwidth while ModeCode#2 was allocated the remaining 30%. Let us also assume, that ModeCode #1 is transmitting a Video Stream using ASI I/F and ModeCode#2 is for Ethernet Data. Assuming now, the Video stream is off or at a lower definition, thus, the actual bit rate has decreased. Instead of sending dummy frames using ModeCode#1, the NS3 technology, can allocate the redundant bandwidth to ModeCode#2, assuming more data can be stuffed there. The NS3 mechanism will automatically ensure the allocated 70% bandwidth if the Video Stream is now back again and demands more bandwidth. This
action will be operating, automatically, with no need of a human operator intervention.
This mode is supported in all the following transmission protocols, that is:
DVB-S2
NS3
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2.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) denotes the matching of modulation, coding and other signal and protocol parameters to the conditions of the radio link. The process of link adaptation is a dynamic one and the signal and protocol parameters change as the radio link conditions change.
ACM Mode is used to adjust modulation parameters to such changing link conditions and allows using the highest possible modulation with current link status. If link conditions get worse, the system will automatically change modulation in order to avoid loss of data. If a link condition is improved, the system will automatically change modulation to highest possible modulation.
The NS1000 modulator along with NS2000 demodulators supporting the ACM option can offer
substantial operation improvements:
ACM can turn fade margin into increased link capacity substantial capacity improvement are possible, when compared to Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM) performance. This is acheived by automatically adapting the MODCOD to give maximal throughput.
ACM can maximize the throughput regardless of the actual link conditions (noise, clear sky, rain fade, or other degredation factors). Initial setup is easy and requires no further user intervention.
The ACM can be set to a target link margin value which will always be kept.
With a traditional CCM system, severe degredation may cause the total loss of the link
resulting actually no throughput. ACM can keep the link active during heavy fades with lower throughput, and can yield much higher system availability.
2.5.1 Background
Depending on the geographical region and link budget criteria, faded conditions can occur at a very small pecrtange of time. In those cases, the operating SNR of the link is usually higher than needed , for the rest of the time. This is usually referd to as the Link Margin. ACM can take advantage of this link margin by changing the ModeCode during unfaded conditions, thus, allowing the link to have a higher throughput during these periods. An example may illustrate this point. Table shows the
several ModCods, the Spectral Efficiency (SE), and Es/No for the NS3 assuming Normal Frame size of 64,800 bits.
ModeCode Minimal CNR[dB] Spectral Efficentcy [b/S/Hz]
Datarate (Mbps) @ 34.285MSPS
7.60 16APSK 3/5 2.2 79.20
8.03 16APSK 19/30 2.33 83.88
8.50 32APSK 8/15 2.45 88.20
9.14 32APSK 17/30 2.60 93.60
9.78 16APSK 3/4 2.76 99.36
10.36 32APSK 19/30 2.91 104.76
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10.70 16APSK 4/5 2.94 105.84
10.92 32APSK 2/3 3.07 110.52
11.63 32APSK 32/45 3.27 117.72
12.43 32APSK 3/4 3.45 124.20
Table 1 - ACM Example
If a link is designed to operate at an CNR of 8 dB during a 4dB fade, the 4dB fade is the link margin
mentioned above. When fade conditions are not present, the link margin can be converteted into a higher link CNR: 8dB + 4dB of link margin resulting new CNR of 12dB. This non faded CNR of 12dB allows for a much higher ModeCode to be used, offering a higher Spectral Effeciency. The corresponding Spectral Efficiencies in this example range from 2.33bits/Sec/Hz to 3.27bits/Sec/Hz.
2.5.2 Constant Power Mode
In constant power mode the modulator produces has the same output power but the peak to
average keeps changing when constellations change even on a frame by frame basis, thus the
input back-off in the satellite is not constant. This is the suitable ACM mode for a linear satellite
link, that is, not saturated. The Back-off is measured as the average power of the signal vs. the
saturation level of the TWTA. Therefor when we work in constant power the Back-off is fixed.
2.5.3 Constant Enevelope Mode
In the case of a saturated channel, the input back-off changes degrade the overall performance, thus the constant envelope mode keeps the peak to average ratio constant regardless of the transmitted constellations, thus maintain same back-off for all frames. The Back-off is measured as the average power of the signal vs. the saturation level of the TWTA, and while working with constant envelope the outer circle of each constellation has the same amplitude and therefor the back-off is not fixed (for example it is lower for QPSK and higher for 32APSK).
2.5.4 ACM System Description
There are a number of essential requirements to enable this scheme:
a) The NS1000 modulator which can instantaneously, upon receiving the command, change ModeCode. This has to be accomplished without the corruption of data anywhere in the path. The ModeCode must remain fixed throughout an entire frame and may change to any other ModeCode on the next frame.
b) The NS1000 modulator must send the value of ModeCode at the start of each frame to inform the far side NS2000 demodulator on which ModeCode to be locked upon.
c) A far side NS2000 demodulator capable of demodulating and decoding the signal transmitted by
the near side modulator without any prior knowledge of when a change has taken place, based purely on the value of ModCod seen at the start of each Frame. Again, this needs to be accomplished without the corruption of data anywhere in the path.
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d) The far side receiver needs to derive an estimate of the link quality, the received Es/No, and then communicate this estimate, via a return channel, back to the near side modulator.
e) The near side modulator needs to process the link quality metric from the far side demodulator and, based upon a pre-determined algorithm, adapt the data rate and change the ModeCode sent to the far side receiver. This closes the loop and maximizes the data rate for the current link conditions.
2.5.4.1 Point-to-Point ACM
Lets us consider the system shown in Figure 15. As can be seen, if the remote site fading conditions degrade, due to geographic condition, upon a message on the return channel of the receiving
conditions, the modulator will have to reduce the capacity.
If a clear sky conditions reappear, the modulator will increase the ModeCode to the highest possible, upon receiving a message on the now improved receiving conditions while keeping the desired Link Margin constraint set by the user.
Clear Sky
NS1000NS2000
Rain
NS1000NS2000
Figure 15 - Point - to - Point ACM
Also, the user must we aware that if a ACM report return link fail to exist from some reason, the
system will automatically reduce the ModeCode to QPSK 1/4 which is the lowest possible ModeCode assuming it can be recived on remote side at all condtions.
Once the receiving report are renewed the ModeCode will be updated accordingly.
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Please note, ACM Mode only supports pilots on. Enabling ACM Mode will force channel to transmit data with pilots.
2.5.4.2 Point-to-Multipoint ACM
ACM can offcourse support a point to multipoint scheme using ACM and all the benefits mentioned above are valid. However, in this configuration since all remote sites recieve the same transmission (same ModeCode), and all demodulators are monitored by ACM, the weakest link will be the bottle neck and will dictate the used ModeCode.
Lets us consider the system shown in Figure 16, as can be seen even if on one remote site the fading conditions degrade, while other have a clear sky condition due to geographic condition, all the
stations will have to reduce the capacity.
Clear Sky
NS1000NS2000
Rain
NS2000
Figure 16 - Point-to Mulit Point ACM
Also, the user must we aware that if a ACM report return link fail to exist from some reason, the system will automatically reduce the ModeCode to QPSK 1/4 which is the lowest possible ModeCode assuming it can be recived on remote side at all condtions.
Once the receiving report are renewed the ModeCode will be updated accordingly.
In order to avoid this sensitivity NovelSat came up with the Dual Channel with ACM option, explained in details in the next section. Please note, ACM Mode only supports pilots on. Enabling ACM Mode will force both channels to transmit data with pilots.
2.5.4.2.1 Dual Channel addition
NovelSat dual channel feature when combined with ACM functionality allows the system to
maximize capacity while avoiding constraints of one remote site, In this scenario, let us consider two remote sites. Here, if one is experiencing fading, its own ModeCode will reduce, while the other
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station experiencing clear sky condition can maintain its high ModeCode. Figure 17 shows an example of this scenario.
Clear Sky ModeCode#1
NS1000NS2000
RainModeCode#2
NS2000
Figure 17 - ACM with Dual Channel Example
2.5.4.3 ACM Configuration
On the Modulator Side, the user must enable the ACM feature (please refer to NS1000 User Guide section 6.1.4.1).
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2.6 ASI Interface
ASI interface (Asynchronous Serial Interface) is mainly used to stream MPEG data into the modulatorfor video transmission applications. Constant Bit Rate (CBR) is usually used for those applications. The MPEG data is composed of 188 Bytes Transport Stream packets. There is no flow control mechanism on the ASI interface, hence the need to accept and process all incoming data. The NS1000 supports up to two ASI input streams which can be transmitted concurrently in dual channel mode. There are few options to handle the incoming data, depending on the use case and the following parameters:
Modulation scheme DVBS/DSNG, DVB-S2, NS3
Single/Dual channel
Receiver capabilities
Matching the A
