NREGA .pptx

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NREGA

HUL286 Class presentationGroup 3


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The basic objective of the Act is to enhancelivelihood security in rural areas byProviding at least 100 days of guaranteed wage

employment in a financial year to everyBPL & APL household whose adult membersvolunteer to do unskilled manual work.

This work guarantee can also serves otherobjectives like

1. Generating productive assets,2. Protecting the environment, empowering

rural women,3. Reducing rural urban migration and

fostering social equity, among others.

Objectives and Goals


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The Gram Panchayat after due verification willissue a job card.The job card should be issued within 15 days

of application

A job card holder may submit a writtenapplication for employment to the GramPanchayat,

Employment will be given within 15 days if it is

not then daily unemployment allowance will begiven as per the Act

Work should ordinarily be provided within 5 km

Wages are to be paid according to piece rate ordaily rate.

Salient Features of theAct


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Wages should be paid through Bank orpost office.At least one third beneficiaries shall be

women.Crche, drinking water, first aid kit and

shade facilities have to be provided.A 60:40 wage and material ration has

to be maintained.Shelf of projects for a village will be

recommended by the Gram Sabha .

No contractors and machinery isallowed.

Salient Features (contd.)


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1) Waterconservation and

Creating CommunityAssets


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7) Flood control and protection works,including drainage in waterlogged areas;

8) Rural connectivity to provide all-weatheraccess. The construction of roads mayinclude culverts where necessary, and withinthe village area may be taken up along withdrains;

9) Any work that may be notified by theCentral Government in consultation with theState Government.

Creating CommunityAssets(contd.)


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1. Increasing Employment Opportunities2. Enhancing Wage Earning and Impact on

Minimum Wage

3. Increasing Outreach to the poor andmarginalized

4. Strengthening Natural Base

5. Financial Inclusion of the poor

6. Insurance Coverage

Outcomes of NREGA


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Analysis


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Trilok meenaBhanudhay BirlaDevendra Meena

Lokesh BaswalParesh NagoreRam Cheez MeenaVijay Anjana

Data Used


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Sample size of 14 quite small.Equal number of men and women surveyedCaste of people: -

Background of people


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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Age Distribution


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Analysis

Monthly Income ofrespondents

0

2

4

6

8

10

12


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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Number of daysworked


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Income per day


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Ground Work

Keeping Records

Irrigation Work

Road/Levelling

Construction

Others

Types of work

done


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Other insights

Officials work

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10


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Officials work distributionof job cards


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0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Other details


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Maximum age of worker in the survey :- 43years.

No scope for old people??No child labor but people below 20 as extra

income source.Huge variation in monthly income.. Varying

from as much as 3500 to as low as zero.Large variation in working days as well, only

some being close to the promised 100.Variation in income per day from 60 to 140.This maybe due to the amount of work doneper day

Work done mainly in irrigation, road making

Summary of statisticalanalysis


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Both the genders not paid equallyInvolvement of middlemen violation of

Act.Improper attendance and corruption,

leading to fudging of muster rolls and fundsexploitation

Workers forced to work under sarpanch andprivate land owners farms another

violation of Act and misuse of position.Uneven and unjustified distribution of job

cards even the non-deserving people getcards and wages

Summary contd.


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Insufficient awareness of facilities grantedby the Act laxity of local officials, need ofcommunity building (example of Barwanidistrict)

Need for better working facilities likedrinking water, shade, crches etc.

Financial Inclusion all respondents have

bank accounts and money is transferredinto these accounts.

Summary contd.


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The Sarpanch has a lot of power in thesystem.

People close to the sarpanch can getproxies and therefore get paid for free.

The jobs cards are issued by the panchayat.As no incentive is given to the sarpanch andco. , the people are forced to remind thepanchayat lots of times to get the cardissued.

The sarpanch can make the people work inhis own private lands, thus robbing them oftheir income.

Issues raised

Sarpanch


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The labourers are illiterate. They face

difficulties in filling various forms likewithdrawal form of the bank. They areforced to depend on other people.

They are usually exploited, in the matter of

opening bank accounts.Work can be demanded by the people by

filling the C-6 form.The have no knowledge about the

unemployment allowance, which has to begiven if no job is available 15 days after thefilling of the C-6 form.

Illiteracy and Awareness


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Irregular attendance.Proxies by people close to the person in-

charge of attendance.People close to the sarpanch get job cards

and fake attendance.People get attendance and do not work,

reducing the overall work done in the day

and the income of the deserving people.

Attendance issues


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It causes labour shortage for the fields.It is increasing the labour cost and hence

the cost of vegetables and other products.NREGA is like giving free money to workers

i.e. they do very less work and get fullpayment and this is making the workerslazy.

Not much community assets are beingcreated to aid farming(though, the pie chartseems to show the opposite).

The state government of Bihar has decided

to integrate agriculture with NREGA, this isa ood si n for the farmers.

Issues raised by Farmers


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Labour shortage faced by urban industries(manufacturing and construction).

Use of machinery in NREGA which isprohibited by the act.

Quality of work has been very poor.Contractors are involved in the system

which is prohibited by the act.

Other issues


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There was great fraud in making (of job)cards, muster rolls were not maintainedproperly, and work was not provided to jobseekers.

Workers performed one day's job but theirattendance was put for 33 days.

The workers got money for one day whilewages for 32 days were misappropriated bythe people associated with the functioningof NREGA.

Job cards were found in the possession ofsarpanchs or other panchayat functionaries.

ob cards were fud ed and fake entries

Corruption in NREGA :Case Study


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In the country as a whole, around ten lakhrural BPL households paid bribes to avail ofNREGA benefits, to the tune of Rs 7.15crores in the course of one year !!

Around 47% of rural BPL households thatinteracted with the NREGA found theofficials/staff corrupt.

Half the households that paid bribes, did soto get registered for work under thescheme.

Source :- Centre for Media Studies (CMS) &Transparency International India (TII) in India

Corruption Study-2009

ugges ons o mprove


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Allowing NREGA work to be done in private lands ofsmall and marginal farmers.

Allowing private contractors to implement NREGAwork.

Permitting a new set of works that could be doneunder NREGA including, construction of buildings and

sports stadiums Appointment of ombudsman in each district for

grievance redressal Going beyond unskilled manual work by including

"measurable" semi-skilled services like fishery and

carpentry. Convergence with projects of other ministries. Appointing dedicated staff at the district level to

educate people of their rights.

ugges ons o mproveNREGA

Case study(village


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Goodness of the Act.1. Poor People and women are happy about

the act.2.People are Getting about 100 days of work

in a financial year and getting avg. 90Rs/day.

3. Less corruption due to transparency inthe system and social audit.

4. Empowerment to women.5. Reducing migration.

Case study(villageUmarthana, raj.)


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Negative side and suggestion :-1. All assets are useless excepting a pond.2. Work done under the scheme has destroyed

playground, pastures and spoiled so much land.3.Making ponds and roads are actually Machine

work but in this act, workers are doing this kind ofjob, it doesnt make any sense.

4.There are so many works that can be done byonly hand like Tree plantation, bricksmanufacturing, handicrafts, domestic industrialwork.

5. Villages are being dirty and ugly because of

the work. We have to make all villages clean andgreen not dirty and ugly.

6. We have to stabilize domestic industries in thevillages for development.


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Some pictures


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Documents

NREGA .pptx