12 School Science and Mathematics

REFERENCESGRISWOLD, ALICE L., AND KEEDY, AND SCHACHT. Contemporary Algebra and

Trigonometry. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1961.SPARKS, FRED W. AND REES. Plane Trigonometry. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.:

Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1952.ROSSKOPF, MYRON F., AND WILLOUGIIBY, AND VOGELI. Modern Mathematics.

Morristown, N. J.: Silver Burdett Company, 1964.MEYERS, JEROME S. More Fun With Mathematics. Fawcett Book 546, Greenwich,

Connecticut: Fawcett Publication’s, Inc., 1963.

’SEA SPIDER’ SET SECURELY FOR DEEP-SEA RESEARCHThe first deep-sea stable structure, nicknamed Sea Spider, has been installed in

half-mile deep water off the coast of South Carolina.Sea Spider, designed by Godfrey H. Savage of Woods Hole Oceanographic

Institution, is a saucer-shaped aluminum float, securely held to the ocean bottomby four long steel cables. Various instruments and buoyant hollow glass spheresare attached along the spider-leg cables and the saucer, which is placed 110 feetbelow the ocean surface to avoid buffeting by wind or waves.A telemetering buoy at the sea surface transmits data collected from these

instruments by radio to a nearby oceanographic vessel.The structure, installed by engineers and scientists from Woods Hole, gives

oceanographers their first virtually motionless reference point and instrumentsupport in the deep ocean. It is far more stable and reliable than other sea mea-suring instruments, which are usually suspended or towed from surface vessels orare attached to buoys anchored by a single cable.These traditional instrument bases are not very steady, Mr. Savage said. They

sometimes swing around with a radius almost as great as the depth of water.During a period of 21 hours, oceanographers found that the Sea Spider buoymoved less than 10 feet in any direction.The instruments, placed on Blake Plateau which is part of the U. S. continental

shelf in the Atlantic Ocean, will record such measurements as ocean currents,temperature variations and underwater sounds.As divers were installing and checking the equipment, they noticed large

schools of fish attracted to the spherical buoy throughout the three-week test.Scientists believe the sphere might be modified for biological studies of the ecol-ogy and habits of fish in the deep ocean.

NOBEL PRIZE WINNER PROPOSES NEW THEORYOF ATOMIC NUCLEUS

A two-time Nobel Prize winner, Dr. Linus Pauling, is proposing a new struc-ture of how subatomic particles fit together within the nucleus.He calls his picture of an atomic nucleus the "close-packed spheron model,"

spherons being clusters of neutrons and protons. Dr. Pauling^s proposed struc-ture is related to the so-called "shell model" of the nucleus for which Dr. MariaGoeppert Mayer shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics.Dr. Pauling pictures the nucleus as consisting of one or more layers of spherons,

packed tightly together in the closest possible fashion. Such an arrangement, Dr.Pauling reported, provides a "simple explanation of magic numbers."The properties of atomic nuclei have been found to have greater stability when

a nucleus contains certain numbers of neutrons and protons, hence the name"magic numbers."