New Species of Lonchocarpus Kunth (Leguminosae : Papilionoideae : Millettieae) from Brazil

New Species of Lonchocarpus Kunth (Leguminosae : Papilionoideae : Millettieae) from BrazilAuthor(s): Ana Maria Goulart de Azevedo-TozziSource: Kew Bulletin, Vol. 50, No. 1 (1995), pp. 173-177Published by: Springer on behalf of Royal Botanic Gardens, KewStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4114627 .

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New species of Lonchocarpus Kunth

(Leguminosae: Papilionoideae : Millettieae) from Brazil

ANA MARIA GOULART DE AZEVEDO-TOZZI*

Summary. Two new species of Lonchocarpus are described from Brazil. L. grandiflorus and L. bahianus occur in Rio de Janeiro and Bahia respectively.

During the preparation of a taxonomic study of the Brazilian species of Lonchocarpus and related genera (Azevedo-Tozzi 1989) it was found necessary to propose two new species based on both recent gatherings and incorrectly identified old herbarium material. The new species are both from eastern Brazil (Bahia and Rio de Janeiro). This region is noted for its high biodiversity, and many new taxa have been described from this area in recent years.

The two new species have paniculate inflorescences; L. grandiflorus is recognized by its large flowers, 11 - 13-foliolate leaves and glabrous fruits, while L. bahianus is characterized by its 5-foliolate leaves, leaf-opposed panicles and rounded calyx teeth.

Lonchocarpus grandiflorus Az.- Tozzi sp. nov., species insignis floribus aureis, leviter arcuata, majusculis (ad 2 cm longis), inflorescentia paniculata axillare, laxa, pedunculata, elongata, racemi brevi et circa 10 floribus, a speciebus nobis distincta; differt a L. muehlbergianus Hassler folia 11- aut 13-foliolatis, foliolis distalibus oblongo-obovatis majoribus, proximalibus oblongo-ovatis, intermediis oblongis, utrinque glabrescentis, infra nervibus leviter prominentibus et fructus glabro, 1-2-spermo. Typus: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Kuhlmann s.n. (holotypus UEC, herb. no. 27196!; isotypus RB, herb. no. 72675).

Lonchocarpus glabrescens sensu Glaziou in M6m. Soc. Bot. France 1(3): 150 (1906), non Bentham (1850).

Tree about 10 m high; mature branches glabrous. Leaves 11- or 13-foliolate; stipules triangular, 0 -5-0-6 cm long, persistent; petiole striate, sparsely hairy, 8- 10 cm long; rachis 18 - 5- 27 5 cm long; leaflets opposite to subopposite; lamina usually oblong, 7- 14 x

2-5"5(-7) cm, rounded or acute at base, abruptly

short-acuminate at apex, chartaceous, glabrescent on both surfaces, veins slightly prominent beneath. Inflorescence paniculate, axillary, about 30 cm long, pedunculate, with a woody rachis and the flowers in short (about 3 cm long) few-

Accepted for publication June 1994.

*Depto. de Botainica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. CP 6109, 13081-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.

173



174 KEW BULLETIN VOL. 50 (1)

Fic. 1. Lonchocarpus grandiflorus Az. -Tozzi. A leaf; B inflorescence; C flower; D calyx; E standard; F wing; G

keel-petals; H androecium; J gynoecium; K fruit (Glaziou 8409). Drawn by Mrs. E. Z. Borghi.



NEW LONCHOCARPUS (LEGUMINOSAE) FROM BRAZIL 175

flowered (about 10 flowers) racemes; bracts not seen; pedicel 0-6 cm long, slender, tomentose; bracteole 0-2 cm long, ovate, tomentose, inserted directly below calyx, caducous; calyx 0 - 8 -09 cm long, tomentose, lobes c. 0-2 cm long, triangular, acute, ciliate, punctate, the upper lip consisting of two fused lobes; corolla rosy-pink, 1 -6-2 cm long; standard antrorse, widely-oblong, sericeous outside except for glabrous margins which are revolute and adherent in bud, claw short and thick; wing oblong-obovate, sericeous only on centre and apex, slightly plicate and adherent to keel-petals; keel-petals semi-obovate, sericeous, punctate, both margins adherent in bud; ovary sericeous, about 5-ovulate; style glabrous. Fruit compressed, woody, glabrous, narrowly oblong or elliptic, acute at base and

apex, sometimes constricted between seeds, slightly winged on upper margin (0 2 -0 -3 cm), 1-2 seeded, 9- 15 (including a 0 -5 cm long stipe) x 3 3-3 - 5 cm.

Fig. 1.

BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, Petr6polis, Cascatinha, 30 Jan. 1951,J. G. Kuhlmann s.n. (holotypus UEC, herb. no. 27196!; isotypus RB, herb. no. 72675); Petr6polis, edge of Piabanha river, 27 Jan. 1876, Glaziou 8409 (C!, LE!, P!); Petr6polis, Sept. 1876, Glaziou 8409 (K!).

DISTRIBUTION & ECOLOGY. Known only from Petr6polis, Rio de Janeiro state. This is an upland area situated near the tropic of Capricorn. This plant may occur in forest.

Flowering in January, fruiting probably in September, according to the label of the material at Kew.

Lonchocarpus grandiflorus is very close to L. muehlbergianus Hassler but has thinner oblong leaflets with the veins less prominent beneath. Its flowers are the largest in the genus and can be used as a good diagnostic character, together with its paniculate, axillary, lax, pedunculate inflorescence, with a woody rachis and short few-flowered secondary axes and its 11- or 13-foliolate leaves. The fruit of L. grandiflorus is very different from that of L. muehlbergianus, resembling that of the Peruvian L. hylobius Harms.

Lonchocarpus bahianus Az.- Tozzi sp. nov., affinis L. peckoltii Wawra sed foliolis distalibus ellipticis vel obovatis, intermediis oblongis, proximalibus minoribus, ovato-ellipticis, subtus sericeis, panicula oppositifolia, elongata, racemi congesti et multiflori, calyce suburceolato, lobis rotundatis, ciliatis, fructus obovato- assimetrico, glabro, margine inferiore leviter alato differt. Typus: Brazil, Bahia, Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 878 (holotypus CEPEC!).

Tree about 10 m high; young branches striate, lenticellate, sparsely hairy; branches squamose, glabrous. Leaves 5-foliolate; petiole and rachis striate, glabrescent, 5-8 cm long and 5 - 7 - 5 cm long, respectively; leaflets opposite; lamina chartaceous, minutely punctate, glabrous and shiny above, sericeous and with about 8 prominent secondary veins beneath, 7 5- 155 x 3-4- 7 5 cm, ovate- elliptic to oblong, the distal obovate, rounded to acute at base, tip shortly acuminate. Inflorescence a leaf-opposed panicle, about 50 cm long, short-pedunculate (6 cm long), with a woody, striate, puberulous rachis; primary bract triangular and



176 KEW BULLETIN VOL. 50(1)

FIc. 2. Lonchocarpus bahianus Az.-Tozzi. A branch with inflorescence; B flower; C calyx; D standard; E wing; F keel-petals; G androecium; H gynoecium (Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 878); J fruit (Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 1075). Drawn by Mrs. E. Z. Borghi.



NEW LONCHOCARPUS (LEGUMINOSAE) FROM BRAZIL 177

ciliate; secondary axis about 3 cm long, tomentose, with 13-40 flowers; secondary bracts caducous; pedicel up to 0 -5 cm long, tomentose; bracteoles up to 0 -2 cm

long, elliptic, ciliate, inserted directly below calyx, caducous; calyx 0 5-0-6 cm

long, sericeous outside, with rounded and ciliate lobes; corolla lilac, minutely punctate, 1 - 1 - 2 cm long; standard straight, widely-oblong, slightly sericeous on both surfaces at the apex, without appendages, slightly adhered to wings in bud; wing oblong, sericeous on the apical half, slightly plicate and adherent to keel-

petals; keel-petals semi-elliptic, hairy and ciliate at apex, punctate, vexillar

margins adherent in bud; staminal sheath and free part of filaments sparsely hairy; ovary glabrous except for sericeous margin and stipe, 4 -5-ovulate; style sparsely hairy. Fruit compressed, coriaceous, glabrous, semi-obovate, stipitate, cuneate at base, tip asymmetrical, slightly winged (about 0-3 cm) on lower

margin, 1-seeded, 8 -7 x 4-3 cm. Fig. 2.

BRAZIL. Bahia, Cachoeira, Vale dos Rios Paraguagu e Jacuipe, mata a NE da

Barragem de Bananeiras, Dec. 1980, Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 878 (holotypus CEPEC!; photograph UEC!); Cachoeira, Vale dos Rios Paraguagu e Jacuipe, Barragem de Bananeiras, Feb. 1981, Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 1075 (CEPEC!, HUEFS!).

DISTRIBUTION & ECOLOGY. Eastern Bahia, 40-120 m. In forest.

Flowering in December, fruiting in February.

L. bahianus can be recognized by the 5-foliolate leaves, the ovate-elliptic to

oblong, punctate leaflets, the long leaf-opposed panicles, the rounded calyx lobes, and the semi-obovate 1-seeded fruit. This species is most closely related to L.

peckoltii Wawra, but that species has shorter inflorescence, different flowers and

elliptic fruits.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am grateful to Dr. G. M. Barroso for supervising the study of which this

paper forms a part, to the Curators of the herbaria cited for their cooperation, to Mr. L. P. Queiroz for the additional material. I also thank the Funda5ao de

Amparo 'a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientiffico e Tecnol6gico (CNPq) for financial

support, Dr. G. J. Shepherd for help with preparing the paper for publication and Mrs. E. Z. Borghi for preparation of the illustrations.

REFERENCES

Azevedo-Tozzi, A. M. G. de (1989). Estudos taxonomicos dos generos Lonchocarpus Kunth e Deguelia Aubl. no Brasil. Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas.

Glaziou, A. F. M. (1906). Liste des plantes du Br6sil Central recueillies en 1861-1895. M6m. Soc. Bot. France 1(3): 1-661.



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New Species of Lonchocarpus Kunth (Leguminosae : Papilionoideae : Millettieae) from Brazil