103
APPENDIKS B NERACA PANAS 1 Kapasitas pabri 30.000 ton/tahun = 91.000 Kg/har Operasi 330 hari/tahun Satuan panas kCal Suhu Reference Basis waktu 1 hari = 24 jam Bahan baku 97456,243 Kg CPO/hari Data-data perhitungan 1. Perhitungan Cp (Heat Capacity) a. = 36.84 b. = 30.4 c. ---COOH = 79.97 d. ---CH= = 15.91 e. ---O--- = 35.17 f. ---C--- = 53 g. ---CH--- = 20.93 h. ---OH = 44.8 i. ---ONa = 0.035 a. Heat Capacity (Cp) Trigliserida = 0.24 CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- = 44 x 30,4 = 1337.6 kJ/kmol°C ---O--- = 3 x 53 = 105.51 kJ/kmol°C ---C--- = 3 x 35,17 = 159 kJ/kmol°C ---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 kJ/kmol°C = 1733.56 kJ/kmol°C 25°C CH3--- kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C kJ/kmol°C (Coulson dan Richardson's vol.6, 2 nd ) 1 kJ/kg°C kcal/kg°C 1. Tri-Palmitat (C51H98O6)

Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BNERACA PANAS 1

Kapasitas pabrik :30.000 ton/tahun = 91.000 Kg/hariOperasi : 330 hari/tahunSatuan panas : kCalSuhu Reference :Basis waktu : 1 hari = 24 jamBahan baku : 97456,243 Kg CPO/hari

Data-data perhitungan1. Perhitungan Cp (Heat Capacity)a. = 36.84b. = 30.4c. ---COOH = 79.97d. ---CH= = 15.91e. ---O--- = 35.17

f. ---C--- = 53

g. ---CH--- = 20.93h. ---OH = 44.8i. ---ONa = 0.035

a. Heat Capacity (Cp) Trigliserida = 0.24

CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- = 44 x 30,4 = 1337.6 kJ/kmol°C ---O--- = 3 x 53 = 105.51 kJ/kmol°C

---C--- = 3 x 35,17 = 159 kJ/kmol°C

---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 kJ/kmol°C = 1733.56 kJ/kmol°C

1733,56 x 0,24 = 416.054

BM Tri-Palmitat = 807.34 kg/kmol

25°C

CH3--- kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- kJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C

(Coulson dan Richardson's vol.6, 2nd)

1 kJ/kg°C kcal/kg°C1. Tri-Palmitat (C51H98O6)

kcal/kmol°C

Page 2: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Cp = 416,05/ 807,34 = 0.5153

CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- = 38 x 30,4 = 1155.2 kJ/kmol°C ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51 kJ/kmol°C

---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159 kJ/kmol°C

---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 kJ/kmol°C = 1551.16 kJ/kmol°C

1551,2 x 0,24 = 372.278 kcal/kmol°CBM Tri-Miristat = 723.17 kg/kmol Cp = 372,28/ 723,17 = 0.5148

CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 50 x 30,4 = 1520 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51

---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159

---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1915.96

1915,96 x 0,24 = 459.83BM Tri-Stearat = 891.5 kg/kmolCp = 459,83/ 891,5 = 0.5158

CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 44 x 30,4 = 1337.6 ---CH= = 6 x 15,91 = 95.46 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51

---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159

kcal/kg°C

2. Tri-Miristat (C45H86O6)

kcal/kg°C

3. Tri-Stearat (C57H110O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

4. Tri-Oleat (C57H104O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°C

Page 3: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1829.02

1829,02 x 0,24 = 438.965BM Tri-Oleat = 885.45 kg/kmolCp = 438,96/ 885,45 = 0.4958

CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 38 x 30,4 = 1155.2 ---CH= = 12 x 15,91 = 190.92 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51

---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159

---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1742.08

1742,08 x 0,24 = 418.099BM Tri-Linoleat = 879.4 kg/kmolCp = 418,1/ 879,4 = 0.4754

b. Heat Capacity FFA

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97

= 542.41542,41 x 0,24 = 130.178

BM As.Palmitat = 256.43 kg/kmolCp = 130,18/ 256,43 = 0.5077

kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

5. Tri-Linoleat (C57H98O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

1. Asam Palmitat (C16H32O2)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

Page 4: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97

= 481.61481,61 x 0,24 = 115.586

BM As.Miristat = 228 kg/kmolCp = 481,61/ 228 = 0.507

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 16 x 30,4 = 486.4 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97

= 603.21603,21 x 0,24 = 144.77

BM As.Stearat = 284.48 kg/kmolCp = 144,77/ 284,48 = 0.5089

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97 ---CH= = 2 x 15,91 = 31.82

= 574.23574,23 x 0,24 = 137.815

BM As.Oleat = 282.47 kg/kmolCp = 137,815/ 282,47 = 0.4879

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97 ---CH= = 4 x 15,91 = 63.64

= 545.25542,25 x 0,24 = 130.86

BM As.Linoleat = 280.45 kg/kmol

2. Asam Miristat (C14H28O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

3. Asam Stearat (C18H36O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

4. Asam Oleat (C18H33O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

5. Asam Linoleat (C18H32O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

Page 5: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Cp = 130,86/ 280,45 = 0.4666

c. Heat Capacity Komponen Na (Sabun)

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6

---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035

= 515.475515,475 x 0,24 = 123.714

BM Na-Palmitat = 278.43 kg/kmolCp = 123,714/278,43 = 0.4443

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8

---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035

= 454.675454,675 x 0,24 = 109.122

BM Na-Miristat = 250 kg/kmolCp = 109,122/250 = 0.4365

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 16 x 30,4 = 486.4

---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035

= 576.275576,275 x 0,24 = 138.306

BM Na-Stearat = 306.48 kg/kmolCp = 138,306/ 306,48 = 0.4513

kcal/kg°C

1. Na-Palmitat (C16H31O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

2. Na-Miristat (C14H27O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

3. Na-Stearat (C18H35O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C

kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

Page 6: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---CH= = 2 x 15,91 = 31.82

---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035

= 547.295547,295 x 0,24 = 131.351

BM Na-Oleat = 304.47 kg/kmolCp = 131,351/304,47 = 0.4314

CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---CH= = 4 x 15,91 = 63.64

---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035

= 518.315168,191 x 0,24 = 124.396

BM Na-Linoleat = 302.45 kg/kmolCp = 124,396/ 302,45 = 0.4113

d. Heat Capacity komponen lain1. (Perry,edisi 6)

= 0.9987 = 1.0043 = 1.0301

2. Cp uap air = 1.888 (Appendiks A.2-12, Geankoplis) = 0.453

4. Na-Oleat (C18H33O2Na)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

5. Na-Linoleat (C18H31O2Na)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C

kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C

kcal/kg°C

Cp H2O =kcal/kg°C pada suhu 0- 100°C

kcal/kg°C pada suhu 100- 105°Ckcal/kg°C pada suhu 105- 17041°Ckj/kg°Kkcal/kg°C

Page 7: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

3. Cp Gliserol 0.24 (Coulson, edisi 6)4. Cp NaOH = 0.485. Cp FFA = 0.4986. Cp Impurities = 0.3377. Cp Phospatida= 0.45

Na ‒ O

a. C = C = 147 kcal/molb. C ‒ C = 83 kcal/molc. C ‒ H = 99 kcal/mold. C ‒ O = 84 kcal/mole. O ‒ H = 111 kcal/molf. C = O = 170 kcal/mol Na ‒ Og. Na ‒ O = 20.083 kcal/mol

C ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 98 x 99 = 9702 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol

= 14617 kcal/mol Na ‒ O

C ‒ C = 41 x 83 = 3403 kcal/molC ‒ H = 86 x 99 = 8514 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol

= 12931 kcal/mol

Na ‒ OC ‒ C = 53 x 83 = 4399 kcal/molC ‒ H = 110 x 99 = 10890 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol

kcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°C

2. Perhitungan ΔHf * Data untuk menentukan ΔHf komponen

a. ΔHf Trigliserida1. Tri-Palmitat (C51H98O6)

2. Tri-Miristat (C45H86O6)

3. Tri-Stearat (C57H110O6)

Page 8: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

= 16303 kcal/mol

C = C = 3 x 147 = 441 kcal/molC ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 104 x 99 = 10296 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol

= 15652 kcal/mol

C = C = 6 x 147 = 882 kcal/molC ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 104 x 99 = 10296 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol

= 16093 kcal/mol

C ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol

= 4679 kcal/mol

C ‒ C = 13 x 83 = 1079 kcal/molC ‒ H = 27 x 99 = 2673 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol

= 4117 kcal/mol

4. Tri-Oleat (C57H104O6)

5. Tri-Linoleat (C57H98O6)

b. ΔHf FFA1. Asam Palmitat (C16H32O2)

2. Asam Miristat (C14H28O2)

Page 9: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

C ‒ C = 17 x 83 = 1411 kcal/molC ‒ H = 35 x 99 = 3465 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol

= 5241 kcal/mol

C = C = 1 x 147 = 147 kcal/molC ‒ C = 16 x 83 = 1328 kcal/molC ‒ H = 33 x 99 = 3267 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol

= 5107 kcal/mol

C = C = 2 x 147 = 294 kcal/molC ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol

= 4973 kcal/mol

C ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.0832 kcal/mol

= 4588.083 kcal/mol

3. Asam Stearat (C18H36O2)

4. Asam Oleat (C18H33O2)

5. Asam Linoleat (C18H32O2)

c. ΔHf Komponen Na (Sabun)1. Na-Palmitat (C16H31O2Na)

Page 10: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

C ‒ C = 13 x 83 = 1079 kcal/molC ‒ H = 27 x 99 = 2673 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol

= 4026 kcal/mol

C ‒ C = 17 x 83 = 1411 kcal/molC ‒ H = 35 x 99 = 3465 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol

= 5150 kcal/mol

C = C = 1 x 147 = 147 kcal/molC ‒ C = 16 x 83 = 1328 kcal/molC ‒ H = 33 x 99 = 3267 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol

= 5016 kcal/mol

C = C = 2 x 147 = 294 kcal/molC ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol

= 4882 kcal/mol

2. Na-Miristat (C14H27O2Na)

3. Na-Stearat (C18H35O2Na)

4. Na-Oleat (C18H33O2Na)

5. Na-Linoleat (C18H31O2Na)

d. ΔHf Gliserol

Page 11: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

C ‒ C = 2 x 83 = 166 kcal/molC ‒ H = 5 x 99 = 495 kcal/molC ‒ O = 3 x 84 = 252 kcal/molO ‒ H = 3 x 111 = 333 kcal/mol

= 1246 kcal/mol

e. ΔHf komponen laina. Larutan NaOH = -102 kcal/mol

-68.3 kcal/mol-57.28 kcal/mol

0 kcal/mol

Impurities 204.6581 0.337 0.0000Total 204.658 0

b. H2O =c. Ion Na+ =d. Ion H+ =

Page 12: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45

H minyak =

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0

FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0

Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0Impurities 204.658 0.3370 3103.6402Total 204.658 3103.6402

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250H steam = ms x Hv

= ms x 672,36 = 672.36 ms kcal

H kondensat = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486 ms kcal

Q loss = 5% x (H steam - H kondensat) = 5% x (672,36 ms - 260,486 ms) = 20.5935

°CΔT = °C

m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

°C

Page 13: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Neraca Panas :Hbahan masuk + Hsteam = Hbahan keluar + Hkondensat + Qloss244977,25 + 672,36 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 7.932 kg

H Steam = 672.36 ms = 672,36 x 5008,729 = 5333 kcal

H Kondensat = 260.49 ms = 260,49 x 5008,729 = 2066.17716 kcal

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = 20,594 x 5008,729 = 163.347817 kcal

Q yang disupply = H Steam - H Kondensat = 3367669 - 1304703,8 = 3267 kcal

Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 0 H minyak 3103.6402449Q supply oleh steam 3267 Q Loss 163.34781668Total 3266.988062 Total 3266.9880616

2. Heater DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 70

45H minyak =

Enthalphy bahan masuk

°CΔT = 70 - 25°C = °C

m x Cp x ΔT

Page 14: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0

FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000

Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Impurities 204.658 0.3370 0.0000Total 204.658 0

Suhu bahan keluar 9090 - 25 = 65

H minyak =

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000

FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.000

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

°CΔT = °C

m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Page 15: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000

Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0.000Impurities 204.658 0.3370 4483.036Total 204.658 4483.036

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunak = 250H steam = ms x Hv

= ms x 672,36 = 672.36 ms kcal

H kondensat = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486 ms kcal

Q loss = 5% x (H steam - H kondensat) = 5% x (672,36 ms - 260,486 ms) = 20.5935 kcal

Neraca Panas :Hbahan masuk + Hsteam = Hbahan keluar + Hkondensat + Qloss244977,25 + 672,36 ms = 3184704,244+260,486ms+20,5935ms

ms = 11.457 kg

H Steam = 672 ms = 672,36 x 7513,094 = 7703 kcal

H Kondensat = 260 ms = 260,49 x 7513,094 = 2984.524 kcal

Q Loss = 20.59 ms = 20,594 x 7513,094 = 235.9526 kcal

Q yang disupply = H Steam - H Kondensat

= 5051504 - 1957086

°C

Page 16: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

APPENDIKS BB-11

= 4719 kcal

Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 0 H minyak 4483.036Q supply oleh stea 4719 Q Loss 235.952575Total 4718.93692629 Total 4718.988484

0.051558

Page 17: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni
Page 18: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

1. PreHeater (Storage)Suhu bahan masuk = 30

5H minyak =

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Phospatida 87.711 0.45Impurities 204.658 0.337Total 97456.243

Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243

°CΔT = 30 - 25°C = °C

m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Page 19: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam/ H vapor = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat/ H liquid = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss244977,25 + 411,874 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 14983.970986247 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 244977.250 H minyak 2204795H steam 6171508.07 H kondensat 3903114.6663236

Q loss 308575.40329948Total 6416485.316 Total 6416485.316

2. Heater DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 70

70 - 25 = 45H minyak =

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575

ms x λ

°CΔT = °C

m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Page 20: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544FFA

Asam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243

Suhu bahan keluar = 9090 - 25 = 65

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

ms x λ

Page 21: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2204795,246 + 411,874 ms = 3184704,244 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 7491.9854931236 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 2204795.246 H minyak 3184704.244H steam 3085754.03 H kondensat 1951557.3331618

Q loss 154287.70164974Total 5290549.279 Total 5290549.279

3. Tangki DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 90

90 - 25 = 65

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243

Komponen Massa (kg)

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Page 22: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen Massa (kg)

140.8243 0.1357

24.8513 0.9987Total 165.6756

Komponen Massa (kg)

65.7830 0.9987Total

Suhu bahan keluar = 9090 - 25 = 65

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Impurities 204.658 0.33700GumPhospat 228.535 0.24450

90.634 0.99870Total

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H3PO4

H2O

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

ms x λ

Page 23: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss3185252,3758 + 672,36 ms = 3191654,271 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 48.946282520817 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada tanki degummingMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 3184704.244 H minyak 3191654.271H lar. H3PO4 219.644 H kondensat 12749.8H Air wash 328.487 Q Loss 1007.985H steam 20159.701

Total 3205412.077 Total 3205412.077

4. CoolerSuhu bahan masuk = 90

90 - 25 = 65

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Impurities 20.466 0.33700

0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793

Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

°CΔT = °C

Page 24: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Impurities 20.466 0.33700

0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793

Air yang digunakanH air masuk =

= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)

H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 3178133.394 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 2200246.196 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air

3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 65277.340 kg

maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 325962.39938819 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 1303849.6 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9

= 977887.2 kcal

Neraca panas pada cooler

H minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

ma x Cp x ΔT

Page 25: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)H minyak 3178133.394 H minyak 2200246.196

H air 325962.399 H Air 1303849.6Total 3504095.793 Total 3504095.793

5. Tangki NetralisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 70

70 - 25 = 45

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661

Impurities 20.466 0.33700

0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793

Larutan NaOH

Komponen Massa (kg)

NaOH 667.9412 0.48

5371.3101 0.9987Total

Reaksi :

1. Asam Palmitat

4679 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC16H32O2 -1 6184.1217617509 4679

NaOH -1 6184.1217617509 -102

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

R-COOH + NaOH → R-COONa + H2OΔHf25 = ΔHf Produk - ΔHf ReaktanΔHr70 = -∑Hr + ΔHf25 + ∑Hp

C16H32O2 + NaOH → C16H31O2Na + H2OΔHf As.Palmitat =

ΔHf

Page 26: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

C16H31O2Na 1 6184.1217617509 4588.0832H2O 1 6184.1217617509 -68.3

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C16H32O2 6.184 70 130.1784NaOH 6.184 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-palmitat 6.184 70 123.714H2O 6.184 70 17.1

(-353959,3405) + 39186,4915 - (-41600,451) = -356249.618 kcal

2. Asam Miristat

4117 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC14H28O2 -1 173.88095870239 4117

NaOH -1 173.88095870239 -102C14H27O2Na 1 173.88095870239 4026.0832

H2O 1 173.88095870239 -68.3

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C14H28O2 0.174 70 115.5864NaOH 0.174 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-miristat 0.174 70 109.122H2O 0.174 70 17.1

(-9952,3897)+ 987,6421 - (-1055,516) = -10016.786 kcal

3. Asam stearat

5241 kcal/mol

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C14H28O2 + NaOH → C14H27O2Na + H2OΔHf As.Miristat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C18H36O2 + NaOH → C18H35O2Na + H2OΔHf As.stearat =

Page 27: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen koefisien MolC18H36O2 -1 570.10514760153 5241

NaOH -1 570.10514760153 -102C18H35O2Na 1 570.10514760153 5150.0832

H2O 1 570.10514760153 -68.3

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H36O2 0.570 70 144.7704NaOH 0.570 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-stearat 0.570 70 138.306H2O 0.570 70 17.1

(-32630,9943) + 3986,8992 - (-4209,439) = -32842.132 kcal

4. Asam Oleat

5107 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC18H33O2 -1 5141.9388090804 5107

NaOH -1 5141.9388090804 -102C18H33O2Na 1 5141.9388090804 5016.0832

H2O 1 5141.9388090804 -68.3

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H33O2 5.142 70 137.8152NaOH 5.142 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-Oleat 5.142 70 131.3508H2O 5.142 70 17.1

(-294308,1232) + 34349,6218 - (-36356,767) = -296212.430 kcal

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C18H33O2 + NaOH → C18H32O2Na + H2OΔHf As.oleat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

Page 28: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

5. Asam linoleat

4973 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC18H32O2 -1 1297.9564391639 4973

NaOH -1 1297.9564391639 -102C18H31O2Na 1 1297.9564391639 4882.0832

H2O 1 1297.9564391639 -68.3

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H32O2 1.298 70 130.8600NaOH 1.298 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-linoleat 1.298 70 124.3956H2O 1.298 70 17.1

(-74290,873) + 8264,4806 - (-8771,135) = -74771.569 kcal

1. Tri-Palmitat

14617 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC51H98O6 -1 509.89071609102 14617

NaOH -3 509.89071609102 -102C15H31COONa 3 509.89071609102 4588.0832

Gliserol 1 509.89071609102 1246

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C51H98O6 0.5099 70 416.0544NaOH 0.5099 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-palmitat 0.5099 70 123.714

C18H32O2 + NaOH → C18H31O2Na + H2OΔHf As.linoleat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C51H98O6 + 3NaOH → 3C15H31COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Palmitat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

Page 29: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Gliserol 0.5099 70 21.77

356540,8793 + 3338,1423 - (-9989,472) = 349889.550 kcal

2. Tri-Miristat

12931 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC45H86O6 -1 14.230926709104 12931

NaOH -3 14.230926709104 -102C13H27COONa 3 14.230926709104 4026.0832

Gliserol 1 14.230926709104 1246

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C45H86O6 0.0142 70 372.2784NaOH 0.0142 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-miristat 0.0142 70 109.122Gliserol 0.0142 70 21.77

9950,9698 + 83,8222 - (-250,770) = 9784.022 kcal

3. Tri-Stearat

16303 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC57H110O6 -1 47.225010663339 16303

NaOH -3 47.225010663339 -102C17H35COONa 3 47.225010663339 5150.0832

Gliserol 1 47.225010663339 1246

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C57H110O6 0.0472 70 459.8304NaOH 0.0472 70 19.31

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C45H86O6 + 3NaOH → 3C13H27COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Miristat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C57H110O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H35COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Stearat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

Page 30: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-stearat 0.0472 70 138.306Gliserol 0.0472 70 21.77

33022,0698 + 340,1816 - (-1018,233) = 32344.018 kcal

4. Tri-Oleat

15652 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC57H104O6 -1 425.81592770947 15652

NaOH -3 425.81592770947 -102C17H33COONa 3 425.81592770947 5016.0832

Gliserol 1 425.81592770947 1246

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C57H104O6 0.4258 70 438.9648NaOH 0.4258 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-Oleat 0.4258 70 131.3508Gliserol 0.4258 70 21.77

403779,7831 + 2934,0574 - (-8781,332) = 397932.509 kcal

5. Tri-linoleat

16093 kcal/mol

Komponen koefisien MolC57H98O6 -1 107.45232349438 16093

NaOH -3 107.45232349438 -102C17H31COONa 3 107.45232349438 4882.0832

Gliserol 1 107.45232349438 1246

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C57H104O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H33COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-oleat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C57H98O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H31COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-linoleat =

ΔHf

ΔH25

Page 31: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C57H98O6 0.1075 70 418.0992NaOH 0.1075 70 19.31

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

Na-linoleat 0.1075 70 124.3956Gliserol 0.1075 70 21.77

11309,314 + 706,7625 - (-2115,029) = 9901.048 kcal

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40753.862 45 0.51534Tri-Miristat 1018.847 45 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4168.009 45 0.51579Tri-Oleat 37326.833 45 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9354.864 45 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.79329 45 0.5077As.Miristat 0.01983 45 0.5070As.Stearat 0.08113 45 0.5089As.Oleat 0.72659 45 0.4879As.linoleat 0.18210 45 0.4666

Impurities 20.4658 45 0.3370Air 5612.3873 45 0.9987NaOH sisa 0.6673 45 0.48gliserol 101.6246 45 0.24Na-palmitat 2147.7516 45 0.4443Na-Miristat 53.2042 45 0.4365Na-Stearat 218.1464 45 0.4513Na-Oleat 1954.5106 45 0.4314Na-Linolenat 490.0638 45 0.4113

Total

Enthalpy ReaksiKomponen TGS FFA Jumlah

Palmitat 349889.550 -356249.618 -6360.068Miristat 9784.022 -10016.786 -232.764Stearat 32344.018 -32842.132 -498.114Oleat 397932.509 -296212.430 101720.079

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

Enthalpy bahan keluar dari tangki netralisasi pada suhu 70 °C

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

Page 32: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Linoleat 9901.048 -74771.569 -64870.521Total 29758.612

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam + H NaOH = H bahan keluar + H reaksi + H kondensat + Q loss

2200246,196 + 672,36 ms + 28424,6956 = 2447427,226 + 257787,541 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 msms = 1900.0441697495 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada tangki netralisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 2200246.196 H minyak 2447427.226H lar. NaOH 28424.696 H reaksi 29758.612H steam 782578.792 Q Loss 39128.940

H kondensat 494934.906Total 3011249.684 Total 3011249.684

6. Heater BleachingSuhu bahan masuk = 70

70 - 25 = 45

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40065.580 45 0.51534

ms x λ

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

Page 33: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Tri-Miristat 1001.640 45 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4097.616 45 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36696.429 45 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9196.872 45 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.780 45 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 45 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 45 0.50889As.Oleat 0.714 45 0.48789As.linoleat 0.179 45 0.46661

Impurities 20.120 45 0.33700Air 561.193 45 0.99870Total 91641.2234

Suhu bahan keluar = 120120 - 25 = 95

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40065.580 95 0.51534Tri-Miristat 1001.640 95 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4097.616 95 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36696.429 95 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9196.872 95 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.780 95 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 95 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 95 0.50889As.Oleat 0.714 95 0.48789As.linoleat 0.179 95 0.46661

Impurities 20.120 95 0.33700Air 561.193 95 0.99870Total 91641.223

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

ms x λ

Page 34: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

= 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2088430,919 + 411,874 ms = 4408909,718 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 17741.436735994 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada Heater bleachingMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 2088430.919 H minyak 4408909.718H steam 7307236.51 H kondensat 4621395.88961226

Q loss 365361.82571005Total 9395667.433 Total 9395667.433

7. Heater DeodorisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 120

120 - 25 = 95

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 95 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 95 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 95 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 95 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 95 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 95 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 95 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 95 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 95 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 95 0.46661

Impurities 6.036 95 0.33700Air 559.510 95 0.99870

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

Page 35: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Total 91352.276

Suhu bahan keluar = 160160 - 25 = 135

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 135 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 135 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 135 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 135 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 135 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 135 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 135 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 135 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 135 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 135 0.46661

Impurities 6.036 135 0.33700Air 559.510 135 0.99870Total 91352.276

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss4395234,018 + 411,874 ms = 6245858,868 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 14149.124615739 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms =

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

ms x λ

Page 36: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

=

Neraca panas pada Heater deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 4395234.018 H minyak 6245858.868H steam 5827656.55 H kondensat 3685648.8746555

Q loss 291382.827599153Total 10222890.570 Total 10222890.570

8. DeodorisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 160

160 - 25 = 135

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 135 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 135 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 135 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 135 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 135 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 135 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 135 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 135 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 135 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 135 0.46661

Impurities 6.036 135 0.33700Air 559.510 135 0.99870Total 91352.276

Suhu bahan keluar = 235235 - 25 = 210

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39743.017 210 0.51534Tri-Miristat 993.575 210 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4064.627 210 0.51579

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)

Page 37: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Tri-Oleat 36400.991 210 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9122.829 210 0.47544

FFAAs.Palmitat 0.774 210 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 210 0.50696As.Stearat 0.079 210 0.50889As.Oleat 0.709 210 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 210 0.46661

Impurities 0.000 210 0.33700Air 556.675 210 0.99870Total 90883.473

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H vapor + H kondensat + Q loss6245858,868 + 411,874 ms = 9666134,587 + 315204,3194 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

ms = 75520.429141958 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada Tangki deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 6245858.868 H minyak 9666134.587H steam 31104901.23 H kondensat 19672014.5054721

Q loss 1555245.06162075H vapor 6457365.946

Total 37350760.100 Total 37350760.100

9. Cooler

ms x λ

Page 38: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Suhu bahan masuk = 235235 - 25 = 210

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661

Impurities 0.000 0.33700

556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473

Suhu bahan keluar = 140140 - 25 = 115

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661

Impurities 0.000 0.33700

556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

Page 39: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Air yang digunakanH air masuk =

= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)

H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 9666134.587 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 5293359.417 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air

3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 291897.812 kg

maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 1457591.7233993 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 5830366.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9

= 4372775.2 kcal

Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 9666134.587 H minyak 5293359.417Hair 1457591.723 H Air 5830366.9

Total 11123726.310 Total 11123726.31010. Tangki Hodrogenasi

Suhu bahan masuk = 140140 - 25 = 115

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696

ma x Cp x ΔT

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

Page 40: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661

Impurities 0.000 0.33700

556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473

Komponen Massa (kg)

Nikel 18.1767 0.109

409.8640 0.013Total

1. Tri-oleatKomponen koefisien Mol

C57H104O6(tak jenuh) -1 43231.580679064 14911H2 -3 43231.580679064 0

C17H33COO(jenuh) 1 43231.580679064 15460

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C57H104O6(tak jenuh) 43.2316 140 417.0768H2 43.2316 140 0.007

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C17H33COO(jenuh) 43.2316 140 437.9424

23734137,79+3123935,4627-(-2975146,672) = 23837839.071 kcal

2. Tri-linooleatKomponen koefisien Mol

C57H98O6(tak jenuh) -1 10912.474871802 13936H2 -3 10912.474871802 0

C18H35COO(jenuh) 1 10912.474871802 15460

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C57H98O6(tak jenuh) 10.9125 140 365.6640H2 10.9125 140 0.007

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

H2O

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

Page 41: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H35COO(jenuh) 10.9125 140 437.9424

16630611,7+788540,8468-(-658411,974) = 16721307.586 kcal

1. Asam Oleat

Komponen koefisien Mol

C18H33O2 -1 706.43737083433 5107H2 -1 706.43737083433 0

C18H36O2 1 706.43737083433 5241

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H33O2 0.706 140 137.8152H2 0.706 140 0.007

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H36O2 0.706 140 144.77

94662,6077+16874,7514-(-16064,854) = 95227.082 kcal

2. Asam linoleat

Komponen koefisien Mol

C18H32O2 -1 177.047579291 4973H2 -2 177.047579291 0

C18H36O2 1 177.047579291 5241

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H32O2 0.177 140 130.8600H2 0.177 140 0.007

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C18H33O2 + H2 → C18H36O2

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

C18H32O2 + 2H2 → C18H36O2

ΔHf

ΔH25

T(°C)

ΔHr

T(°C)

Page 42: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)

C18H36O2 0.177 140 144.77

47448,751+4229,1561-(-3822,998) = 47731.831 kcal

= 127602,213 + 55500,905 = 142958.913 kcal

= 29833219,927 + 18077564,525 = 40559146.657 kcal

= 183103,119 + 47910784,452 = 40702105.570 kcal

Suhu bahan keluar = 190190 - 25 = 165

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.51579Tri-oleat 0.000 0.49575Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.47544

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.970 0.50889Asam oleat 0.000 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.000 0.46661

Impurities 0.000 0.33700

556.675 0.99870Total 91273.817

Komponen Massa (kg)

Nikel 18.1767 0.109

19.5173 0.013

T(°C)

ΔHp

Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =

ΔH total panas reaksi pada FFA = ΔH1 + ΔH2

ΔH total panas reaksi pada TGS = ΔH1 + ΔH2

ΔH Total = ΔH total panas reaksi pada TGS + ΔH panas reaksi pada FFA

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2O

Cp (kcal/kg °C)

H2

Page 43: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Total

Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250

H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874

H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486

Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594

Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + H reaksi + Q loss

5293395,964 + 411,874 ms = 7809171,606 + 45794788,567 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 msms = 330426.33518383 kg

H Steam = 411.874 ms = =

H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =

Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =

Neraca panas pada Heater deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 5293359.417 H minyak 7809171.606H nikel 9.91 H kondensat 86071434.3466938H H2 26.6412 Q loss 6804700.81887514

H steam 136094016.378 H reaksi 40702105.570Total 141387412.342 Total 141387412.342

ms x λ

Page 44: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

0.51534 5 106071.1380.51479 5 2648.9330.51579 5 10857.7480.49575 5 93459.1020.47544 5 22462.865

0.50766 5 4027.2090.50696 5 100.5420.50889 5 412.8780.48789 5 3544.9590.46661 5 849.678

0.45 5 197.3490.337 5 344.849

244977.250

H (kcal)

0.51534 45 954640.2420.51479 45 23840.4000.51579 45 97719.7300.49575 45 841131.9160.47544 45 202165.787

0.50766 45 36244.8810.50696 45 904.8750.50889 45 3715.9040.48789 45 31904.6320.46661 45 7647.100

0.45000 45 1776.1400.33700 45 3103.640

2204795.246

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

Page 45: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Hv = sat'd vapor *0,24ms x 411,874 HI = sat'd liquid * 0,24

ms kcal (appendiks geankoplis A.2.9)

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms

ms kcal

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss244977,25 + 411,874 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 14983,9716171508.07 kcal

260,486 x 14983,9713903114.66632 kcal20,594 x 14983,971308575.403299 kcal

H (kcal)

0.51534 45 954640.2420.51479 45 23840.4000.51579 45 97719.7300.49575 45 841131.916

°C

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

Page 46: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

0.47544 45 202165.787

0.50766 45 36244.8810.50696 45 904.8750.50889 45 3715.9040.48789 45 31904.6320.46661 45 7647.100

0.45000 45 1776.1400.33700 45 3103.640

2204795.246

H (kcal)

0.51534 65 1378924.7940.51479 65 34436.1330.51579 65 141150.7210.49575 65 1214968.3230.47544 65 292017.248

0.50766 65 52353.7170.50696 65 1307.0410.50889 65 5367.4160.48789 65 46084.4680.46661 65 11045.811

0.45000 65 2565.5360.33700 65 4483.036

3184704.244

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal

ms kcal

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

°C

Page 47: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2204795,246 + 411,874 ms = 3184704,244 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 7491,98553085754.03 kcal

260,486 x 7491,98551951557.33316 kcal20,594 x 7491,9855

154287.70165 kcal

H (kcal)

65 1378924.79465 34436.13365 141150.72165 1214968.32365 292017.248

65 52353.71765 1307.04165 5367.41665 46084.46865 11045.811

65 2565.53665 4483.036

3184704.2443185252.3758 =

H (kcal) =

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

Page 48: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal) =

5 95.5493

5 124.0952219.6444

H (kcal)

5 328.4872328.4872

H (kcal)

65 1378924.794 21214.2275948865 34436.133 529.786662578365 141150.721 2171.54955433365 1214968.323 18691.8203543865 292017.248 4492.5730491146565 52353.717 805.441797248565 1307.041 20.1083282090665 5367.416 82.5756380793765 46084.468 708.991821271865 11045.811 169.93554740276565 4483.036 68.9697832208565 3631.991 55.87678060496

65 5883.571 90.51648145753191654.271 49102.37339278

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal

ms kcal

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

°C

Page 49: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss3185252,3758 + 672,36 ms = 3191654,271 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 16,361420159.7 kcal

260,486 x 16,361412749.8213487 kcal20,594 x 16,36141007.98505835 kcal

H (kcal)

65 1378924.79465 34436.13365 141150.72165 1214968.32365 292017.248

65 52353.71765 1307.04165 5367.41665 46084.46865 11045.811

65 448.304

65 29.4183178133.394

ΔT (°C)

Page 50: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

45 954640.24245 23840.40045 97719.73045 841131.91645 202165.787

45 36244.88145 904.87545 3715.90445 31904.63245 7647.100

45 310.364

45 20.3662200246.196

ΔT (°C)

Page 51: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Panas reaksi pada FFAKomponen

H (kcal)As.PalmitatAs.MiristatAs.stearat

45 954640.242 As.Oleat45 23840.400 As.Linoleat45 97719.730 Na-palmitat45 841131.916 Na-Miristat45 202165.787 Na-Stearat

Na-Oleat45 36244.881 Na-Linoleat45 904.875 H2O45 3715.904 NaOH45 31904.632 Gliserol45 7647.100

Panas reaksi pada Trigliserida45 310.364 Komponen

45 20.366 tri-palmitat2200246.196 tri-miristat

tri-stearattri-oleat

H (kcal)tri-linoleat

5 1603.0588

5 26821.636728424.6956

H (kcal)-28935505.7232326630780.419698594

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

Page 52: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

28373265.1618438-422375.516327588-353835.658017749

H (kcal)

45 36226.75845 5373.693

41600.451

H (kcal)

45 34427.809845 4758.6817

39186.4915

H (kcal)-715867.90697773717735.8577876437700059.206631583-11876.0694793732

-9948.9120

H (kcal)

45 904.42245 151.094

1055.516

H (kcal)

45 853.840745 133.8014

987.6421

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

Page 53: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)-2987921.0785796158150.725055356

2936088.94289616-38938.1815811844-32619.5922092867

H (kcal)

45 3714.04645 495.393

4209.439

H (kcal)

45 3548.203345 438.6959

3986.8992

H (kcal)-26259881.4979736

524477.758526225792392.8756562-351194.420660191-294205.284451392

H (kcal)

45 31888.68045 4468.088

36356.767

H (kcal)

45 30392.899945 3956.7219

34349.6218

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

Page 54: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)-6454737.37196199132391.5567947166336731.32597381-88650.4247948932-74264.9139883513

H (kcal)

45 7643.27645 1127.859

8771.135

H (kcal)

45 7265.703245 998.7775

8264.4806

H (kcal)-7453072.59710238156026.5591238517018263.08499948635323.832249406356540.879270356

H (kcal)

45 9546.40245 443.070

9989.472

H (kcal)

45 2838.6279

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

Page 55: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

45 499.51443338.1423

H (kcal)-184020.1132754294354.66357298594171884.68483186917731.73467954419950.96980897056

H (kcal)

45 238.40445 12.366

250.770

H (kcal)

45 69.880845 13.9413

83.8222

H (kcal)-769909.34884441914450.8532629818729638.20211125258842.363286520633022.0698163355

H (kcal)

45 977.19745 41.036

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

Page 56: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

1018.233

H (kcal)

45 293.917645 46.2640

340.1816

H (kcal)-6664870.90050866130299.6738790996407784.3638277

530566.645926003403779.783124135

H (kcal)

45 8411.31945 370.013

8781.332

H (kcal)

45 2516.906845 417.1506

2934.0574

H (kcal)-1729230.2419950432880.41098927991573773.54999862133885.59507399611309.314066854

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

Page 57: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

45 2021.65845 93.371

2115.029

H (kcal)

45 601.496845 105.2657

706.7625

945093.839 21002.08531893 46628.9576431323601.996 524.4887959525 0.89352656610696742.533 2149.834058789 7757.420528272

832720.597 18504.90215084 54387.27169797200144.129 4447.647318623

18.122 0.4027208986240.452 0.0100541641051.858 0.04128781904

15.952 0.3544959106363.824 0.084967773701

310.364 6.896978322085252229.103 5605.091176864

14.413 0.3202914783421097.545 24.38989709505

42943.693 954.30429978471045.035 23.222992031914429.956 98.44346951859

37943.620 843.19156439599070.194 201.5598587811

2447427.226 3011250

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

H=mxCpxΔT

Page 58: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

*panas masuk sistemms x 411,874 H bahan masuk = 2200246.196

ms kcal H steam = 411.874H NaOH = 28424.6956

ms x 260,486 *panas keluar sistemms kcal H Bahan keluar = 2447427.226

5% x H steam H reaksi = 29758.6125% x 411,874 ms kcal H kondensat = 260.486

ms Q loss = 20.594

H bahan masuk + H steam + H NaOH = H bahan keluar + H reaksi + H kondensat + Q loss2200246,196 + 672,36 ms + 28424,6956 = 2447427,226 + 257787,541 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 16,3614782578.79 kcal

260,486 x 16,3614494934.905601 kcal20,594 x 16,361439128.9396186 kcal

929132.393

°C

H=mxCpxΔT

Page 59: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

23203.38895108.673

818656.993196763.947

17.8160.4451.827

15.6833.759

305.12225220.874

2088430.919

1961501.71848984.930

200784.9761728275.874

415390.554

37.6120.9393.856

33.1087.936

644.14753244.067

4408909.718

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam

H=mxCpxΔT

°C

Page 60: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

5% x 411,874 ms kcalms kcal

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2088430,919 + 411,874 ms = 4408909,718 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

411,874 x 17741,43677307236.51 kcal

260,486 x 17741,43674621395.88961 kcal20,594 x 17741,4367

365361.82571 kcal

1955617.21348837.975

200182.6211723091.047

414144.382

37.5000.9363.845

33.0097.912

193.24453084.334

H=mxCpxΔT

Page 61: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

4395234.018

2779034.98769401.333

284470.0412448603.066

588520.965

53.2891.3305.463

46.90811.243

274.61075435.633

6245858.868

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal

ms

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss4395234,018 + 411,874 ms = 6245858,868 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 14149,12465827656.55 kcal

260,486 x 14149,12463685648.87466 kcal20,594 x 14149,1246

H=mxCpxΔT

°C

Page 62: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

291382.827599 kcal

2779034.98769401.333

284470.0412448603.066

588520.965

53.2891.3305.463

46.90811.243

274.61075435.633

6245858.868 Panas Uap (dari steam table Geankoplis, App A.2-9)Hv pada suhu 250 = Enthalpy bahan baku terikut vapor

Komponen

TrigliseridaTri-PalmitatTri-MiristatTri-StearatTri-Oleat

4301042.961 Tri-Linoleat107410.708 FFA440267.169 As.Palmitat

H=mxCpxΔT

H=mxCpxΔT

Page 63: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

3789641.739 As.Miristat910839.181 As.Stearat

As.Oleat82.474 As.linoleat

2.0598.455 Impurities

72.598 Air17.401 Steam

Total0.000

116749.8439666134.587

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal

ms

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H vapor + H kondensat + Q loss6245858,868 + 411,874 ms = 9666134,587 + 315204,3194 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 75520,42931104901 kcal

260,486 x 75520,429119672014.5055 kcal20,594 x 75520,42911555245.06162 kcal

°C

Page 64: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

210 4301042.961210 107410.708210 440267.169210 3789641.739210 910839.181

210 82.474210 2.059210 8.455210 72.598210 17.401

210 0.000

210 116749.8439666134.587

H (kcal)

115 2355333.050115 58820.149115 241098.688115 2075280.000115 498792.885

115 45.164115 1.128115 4.630115 39.756115 9.529

115 0.000

115 63934.4385293359.417

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

Page 65: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)C_HC_C

115 2355333.050 C_O115 58820.149 O_H115 241098.688 C=C115 2075280.000 C=O115 498792.885

CH2115 45.164 CH3115 1.128 CH

ΔT (°C)

Page 66: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

115 4.630 _C=O_115 39.756 _CH_ _115 9.529 _CH=

O115 0.000 _COOH

115 63934.438 _OH5293359.417 Ona

H (kcal)

5 9.9063 5293395.9640

5 26.641236.5475

H (kcal)-644626099.505518

0668360237.29832423734137.7928059

H (kcal)

115 2073552.273115 34.801

2073587.074

H (kcal)

115 2177288.35282177288.3528

H (kcal)-152076249.813427

0168706861.51805316630611.7046256

H (kcal)

115 458884.409115 8.785

458893.194

H (kcal)

ΔT (°C)

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

Page 67: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

115 549589.0751549589.0751

H (kcal)

-3607775.652850920

3702438.2605427294662.6076918002

H (kcal)

115 11196.148115 0.569

11196.717

H (kcal)

115 11761.190411761.1904

H (kcal)

-880457.611814160

927906.36306414947448.7512499888

H (kcal)

115 2664.371115 0.143

2664.514

H (kcal)

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT

ΔT

Page 68: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

115 2947.59362947.5936

H (kcal)

165 3379390.898165 84394.127165 4253495.505165 0.000165 0.000

165 64.801165 1.618165 81.463165 0.000165 0.000

165 0.000

165 91732.0207809160.431

H (kcal)7809171.6062

5 9.9063

5 1.2686

ΔT

ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr

ΔT (°C)

ΔT (°C)

Page 69: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

11.1749

ms x 411,874ms kcal

ms x 260,486ms kcal

5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal

ms

H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + H reaksi + Q loss5293395,964 + 411,874 ms = 7809171,606 + 45794788,567 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms

672,36 x 369362,9173136094016 kcal

260,486 x 369362,917386071434.3467 kcal20,594 x 369362,91736804700.81888 kcal

°C

Page 70: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Asumsi :Kehilangan panas = 5% x panas masuk

= 5% x (Hmasuk + Q suplai)

Q masuk = Q keluarH masuk + Q suplai = H keluar + Q Loss

= H keluar + 5% x (H masuk + Q suplai) = 95% x ( Hmasuk + Q suplai)

H masuk + Q suplai = H keluar/ 0,95

Q suplai = (H keluar - Hmasuk)/ 0,95

Q Loss = 5% x ( Hmasuk + Q suplai)

Q suplai = Q steamQ steam =

ms =

* H masuk + Q suplai = H keluar / 0,95

* Q suplai = (H keluar - H masuk) / 0,95 = 2062966.311965

* Q loss = 5 % x (H masuk + Q suplai) = 115397.1780755

Q suplai = Q steamQ steam = m = m = 5008.731582874

ms x λ

Q steam/ λ

m x λQ steam / λ

Page 71: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H keluar64.86962148

Page 72: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

89.86962148

Page 73: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Panas reaksi pada FFAkgmol Cp(kcal/kgC) Cp(kcal/kmolC)

6.1841 0.5077 542.41 130.17840.1739 0.5070 481.61 115.58640.5701 0.5089 603.21 144.77045.1419 0.4879 574.23 137.81521.2980 0.4666 545.25 130.86

0.4443 515.475 123.7140.4365 454.675 109.1220.4513 576.275 138.3060.4314 547.295 131.35080.4113 518.315 124.39560.9987 75.214 17.1

0.48 80.81 19.310.24 91.087 21.77

Panas reaksi pada Trigliseridakgmol Cp(kcal/kgC) Cp(kcal/kmolC)

0.50989 0.51534 1733.560 416.05440.01423 0.51479 1551.160 372.27840.04723 0.51579 1915.960 459.83040.42582 0.49575 1829.020 438.96480.10745 0.47544 1742.080 418.0992

Cp(kJ/kmolC)

Cp(kJ/kmolC)

Page 74: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

suhu tanpa steam55.36680899 25 80.3668089946

Page 75: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

ms kcal

ms kcal

Page 76: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Panas Uap (dari steam table Geankoplis, App A.2-9)2801.5 kj/kg = 672.36 kcal/kg

Massa (kg) Hv(kcal/kg) H = m x Hv (kcal)

202.366 672.36 136062.9969935.059 672.36 3401.57492482

20.697 672.36 13915.5337833185.349 672.36 124621.335882

46.452 672.36 31232.6424915

0.004 672.36 2.64853266452

Page 77: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

0.0001 672.36 0.066213316610.0004 672.36 0.27087265887

0.004 672.36 2.425815145010.001 672.36 0.60795863436

6.036 672.36 4058.39909552.835 672.36 1905.81682757

9135.227597 672.36 6142161.627019604.030 6457365.9464

0.000

Page 78: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Komponen Cp (Kcal/kg) Cp(Kj/mol)99.000 TGS t jenuh as.oleat 1737.82 0.495383.000 TGS jenuh as.oleat 1824.76 0.516484.000 TGS t jenuh as.lino 1523.6 0.4374

111.000 TGS jenuh as lino 1824.76 0.5164147.000170.000

30.40036.84020.930

Page 79: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

53.00020.93015.91035.17079.97044.800

0.035

Page 80: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Cp(kcal/kmol)417.0768 14911437.9424 15460365.6640 13936437.9424 15460

ΔHf

Page 81: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

11. CoolerSuhu bahan masuk = 190

190 - 25 = 165

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 165 3379390.898Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 165 84394.127Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 165 4253495.505Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 165 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 165 0.000

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 165 64.801Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 165 1.618Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 165 81.463Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 165 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 165 0.000

Impurities 0.000 0.3370 165 0.000

556.675 0.9987 165 91732.020Total 91273.817 7809160.431

Suhu bahan keluar = 8080 - 25 = 55

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 55 1126463.633Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 55 28131.376Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 55 1417831.835Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 55 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 55 0.000

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 55 21.600Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 55 0.539Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 55 27.154Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 55 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 55 0.000

Impurities 0.000 0.3370 55 0.000

556.675 0.9987 55 30577.340Total 91273.817 2603053.477

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

H2O

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

H2O

Page 82: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Air yang digunakanH air masuk =

= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)

H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 7809160.431 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 2603053.477 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)

Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air

3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 347525.580 kg

maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 1735368.9847 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 6941475.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9

= 5206107.0 kcal

Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 7809160.431 H minyak 2603053.477H air 1735368.985 h air 6941475.9

Total 9544529.416 Total 9544529.416

12. Tangki VotatorSuhu bahan masuk = 80

80 - 25 = 55

Enthalphy bahan masuk

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 55 1126463.633Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 55 28131.376Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 55 1417831.835Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 55 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 55 0.000

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 55 21.600

ma x Cp x ΔT

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

Page 83: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 55 0.539Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 55 27.154Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 55 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 55 0.000

Impurities 0.000 0.3370 55 0.000

556.675 0.9987 55 30577.340Total 91273.817 2603053.477

Suhu bahan keluar = 5050 - 25 = 25

Enthalphy bahan keluar

Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)

TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 25 512028.924Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 25 12786.989Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 25 644469.016Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 25 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 25 0.000

FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 25 9.818Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 25 0.245Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 25 12.343Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 25 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 25 0.000

Impurities 0.000 0.3370 25 0.000

556.675 0.9987 25 13898.791Total 91273.817 1183206.126

Air yang digunakanH air masuk =

= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)

H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.774 ma (kcal)

Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 2603053.477 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 1183206.126 kcalH air = 19.774 ma (kcal)

Neraca panas :

H2O

°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT

Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)

H2O

ma x Cp x ΔT

Page 84: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 ma

ma = 96062.200 kg

maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 479686.59706 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 1899533.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9

= 1419847.4 kcal

Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)

H minyak 2603053.477 H minyak 1183206.126H air 479686.597 H air 1899533.9

Total 3082740.074 Total 3082740.074

Page 85: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

3379390.89884394.127

4253495.5050.0000.000

64.8011.618

81.4630.0000.000

0.000

91732.0207809160.431

H (kcal)

1126463.63328131.376

1417831.8350.0000.000

21.6000.539

27.1540.0000.000

0.000

30577.3402603053.477

Page 86: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

H (kcal)

1126463.63328131.376

1417831.8350.0000.000

21.600

Page 87: Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni

0.53927.154

0.0000.000

0.000

30577.3402603053.477

H (kcal)

512028.92412786.989

644469.0160.0000.000

9.8180.245

12.3430.0000.000

0.000

13898.7911183206.126