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Neologisms in the 21 st Century Kerry Maxwell

Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

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Page 1: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

Neologisms in

the 21st Century

Kerry Maxwell

Page 2: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

1. Language change in the 21st century

An especially interesting period in the history of

language change – why?

The Internet

Huge repository of language data

Global

Dynamic

→ an unprecedented explosion in the invention and spread of

new words

Page 3: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

2. Language change in society

As society changes, language changes….

1. Technology

dial-up → broadband

WiFi .... LiFi

podcast

QR code

2. Leisure/Entertainment

zorbing, tombstoning

planking

staycation, 4-D

blog, tweet

3. The Environment

green?

footprint

+ carbon, reduce, calculator

cookprint

4. Electronic Communication

BTW, IOW, OH

hat tip, HT

facepalm, LOL

Page 4: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

3. Creating New words

Brand-spanking new?

sandwich

google (verb)

stepford (adjective)

Zumba (noun)

Word formation principles

use existing forms - creatively

recognizable spelling, pronunciation, meaning…

survival of the fittest

Page 5: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

4. Re-use, recycle

web, surf, virus, window

Conversion

text (verb), friend (verb), medal (verb)

Which are the core senses?

browse, browser

breadcrumb, baguette

mosquito

troll

occupy

Page 6: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

5. Two are better than one…

Compounding

Closed

crowdfunding

Open

gas sipper

Page 7: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

gas sipper

gas guzzler

slow food

fast food

voice lift

face lift

read dating, speed friending

speed dating

hand-me-up

hand-me-down

drug driver

drink driver

global dimming

global warming

pay-as-you-throw

pay-as-you-go

swine flu

bird flu, avian flu

set-jetting

jet-setting

metathesis

Page 8: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

6. Mixing and Matching

Blends (‘portmanteau’ words)

Blend parts of words

framily

kangatarian

Blend whole words and parts of words

staycation

chillax

Page 9: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

flexitarian

babymoon

upcycling

locavore

glamping

manny

bustitution

cosmeceuticals

voluntourist

clickprint

smirting

sofalising

greenwash

pineberry

Page 10: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

7. Cutting and pasting

Affixation

Use familiar prefixes and suffixes

re-, -ology

Put them in new places

rewind, recalculate

regift

Page 11: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

debaptism

unfollow

xenotransplantation

hypnosurgery

overvote

trolleyology

singlism

bouncebackability

hopemonger

Page 12: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

8. Go forth and multiply

Derivations

google

googler, googleable, ungoogleable, googleability

Agent nouns

drug driving/drug driver

greentailing/greentailer

set jetting/set jetter

regifting/regifter

Page 13: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

9. Keep it brief

Abbreviations

VHS→DVD→HD

VOIP

SEO

H5N1

Acronyms

BOGOF/bogof

RINO, DINO

WAG

FOMO

wilfing

What was I looking for?

skier

Spend the kids inheritance

Clipping

weblog

blog

application

app

Page 14: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

10. Something borrowed…

borrowing, loan words.

tsunami

sudoku

wiki

vuvuzela

borrow and blend…

smushi

sushi + smørrebrød

Page 15: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

English? – OMG!

Economy

BFN, CUL

BF, GF ab, abt b/c

POV

Non-verbal becomes

verbal

LOL, SMH

facepalm

Operational context

AFK, PAW, IRL

pwned

Online exposure

OMG

OMGish

oh em gee

Page 16: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

“I’ll leave it to the horserace pundits to decide who

won tonight’s debate and to the voters to decide

who will win the election. I know who lost: Jim

Lehrer, PBS, old media and the myth of the

“sensible center.” Tonight’s moderator, Jim Lehrer,

got utterly, totally, savagely pwned.”

The Nation, 4th October 2012

Page 17: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

A global influence

lingua franca, language of

the Internet

Transliteration

IMXO

(Russian, = IMHO)

eko-turizam

(Serbian, = eco-tourism)

metrosessuale, googlare

(Italian = metrosexual, google v.)

blogosfeer, speeddaten

(Dutch = blogosphere, speed dating)

Adoption

Italian

speeddating

lo zorbing, il Web

Polish

DVD

Adaption

Dutch

babycrash

fairshoppen

(fair trade + shopping)

Page 18: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

Macmillan Dictionaries ‘Buzzword’

http://www.macmillandictionary.com/

Page 19: Neologisms in the 21st Century - TermCoord · 1. Language change in the 21st century An especially interesting period in the history of language change – why? The Internet Huge

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