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‘DISCUSSION ON NATURE OF MEN FROM THE RELIGIOUS AND BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES’

Nature of man

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‘DISCUSSION ON NATURE OF MEN

FROM THE RELIGIOUS AND

BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES’

5 VARIOUS VIEWS OF NATURE OF MEN

The Nature of Human from Biological Perspective – socio-biologists

Nature of Men from Islamic View Nature of Men from Christianity view Nature of Men from Buddhism and Hinduism

Views

DEFINITION OF HUMAN NATURE

Oxford Dictionary: The general psychological

characteristics, feelings, and behavioural

traits of humankind, regarded as shared by

all humans.

Every human has different characteristics

and behavior .

Different skills and ability that can be

enhanced.

According to Dr. Montessori All humans have certain tendencies or

behavior patterns and desire.

Have tendency to act compassionately, show care and concern

Desires present in all aspects of life but it appear differently according to age.

THE NATURE OF HUMAN FROM BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE –

SOCIO-BIOLOGISTS

Socio- biologists believe that humans’ behaviours are based on genetic order through evolution.

Complex interaction between the genes give human the tendency to become cruel or loving, patient or not, religious or not, confident or otherwise and the list goes on.

It also depends on how we are taught during childhood.

Thus, it can be concluded that nature of man from the biological perspective involves the genetic factor(nature) and nurture.

GENERALLY…

Human nature is affected by

Nature

Nurture

THE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE:

NATURE – GENETIC FACTOR

1. We can observe certain genetic factor through one’s behaviours that specifically focused on the society itself.

Examples: Physical size of the individual (height and weight) In certain condition, the usual behavior owned by

the parents also appeared in their child.

Nature – Genetic Factor

Genetic Factor

Nature of man also influence individual differences

Genetic affects individual from these three basic

aspects:

A. CognitiveB. PhysicalC. Emotional

GENETIC DIFFERENCE: COGNITIVE

Born with superior intelligent that differentiates us from other living things.

However, each individual have different mentality.

Some are creative and genius while some are full of curiosity and desire.

Each individual have different level of intelligence.

GENETIC DIFFERENCE: PHYSICAL

Different kinds of physical characteristics. Example: Difference in sex

Body sizeHair ColourHeight

GENETIC DIFFERENCE: EMOTIONAL

Born with various emotions that lead to the ability to have feelings.

Different feelings and emotions

BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES:

NURTURE ( ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES)

NURTURE

We are exposed to the surrounding at the moment we born.

We learn things from our surrounding Examples: Walking

SpeakingRunning

All of these action and behavior are learned from our surrounding without we realizing it.

ASPECTS THAT INFLUENCE HUMAN DISPOSITION:

Nurture

Family Backgrou

nd

Peersinfluen

cesTeachers

and school

Technology

Cultures and

Beliefs

ASPECT 1: FAMILY BACKGROUND

Early education from

the parents

Home Environm

entCommunication among

the family

members

ASPECT 2: PEERS INFLUENCE

Selection of the appropriate peers

Good friends can help us to develop

good manner

Increase the positive values 

ASPECT 3: TEACHERS AND SCHOOL

Teachers’ efficiency during

their teaching process

Role Model

Friends who are supportive and

helpful

ASPECT 4: TECHNOLOGY

Information from printed

and electronic media

The frequent usage of

technology such as the Internet

ASPECT 5: CULTURE AND BELIEFS

Religious practices 

Ceremony which involves

culture

BACK

Nature of Man from

Religious Perspective

WHAT IS RELIGION?Well, it is a guidance, and

practice based on teaching.It is a way of life.It helps the society to a better

and satisfying path of perfection!

DIFFERENT BELIEFS IslamChristianBuddhaHindu

ISLAM’S PERSPECTIVE IN NATURE OF HUMAN

Al-Ghazali stated that It is a human nature to know Allah SWT (God) in order to

know themselves and become an obedient follower. In Islam, human are made up of clay/soil and spirit

These are all stated in the Al-Quran in verses as stated below

Ar-Rahman, ayat 14 He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of

pottery. (14) Al-Hijr, ayat 28-29

And recall what time thy Lord said unto the angels: verily I am about to createa man from ringing clay of loam moulded. (28) Then when I have formed him and breathed into him of My Spirit fall down unto him prostrate. (29)As-sajadah, ayat 7

Ash-shaffaat, ayat 11 Then ask them (i.e. these polytheists, O Muhammad SAW): "Are

they stronger as creation, or those (others like the heavens and the earth and the mountains) whom We have created?" Verily, We created them of a sticky clay. (11)

HUMAN BEING FORMATION BASED ON ISLAMIC TEACHING

Nutfah • Semen & ovum

Alaqah • Formation of a clot of blood

Mudghah • Formation of meat

Idzam • Bones are formed

Lahman • Meat that covers the bone

CONTINUATION OF HUMAN BEING FORMATION BASED ON ISLAMIC

TEACHING

Foetus • Fully formed foetus

Soul is blown• It is blown into the foetus until the time

for birth

BACK

CHRISTIANITY

Nature of Man

The origin of

man

God created

man in his own

image

God creation

was good

Creation of man

is special

THE ORIGIN OF MAN According to the Old Testament,

the first human, Adam, was formed from the dust of the ground.Genesis 2:7: “And the LORD

God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being.”

GOD CREATED MAN IN HIS OWN IMAGE(GEN 1:26-27)

GOD CREATION WAS GOOD

God says good (Genesis 1:25)

CREATION OF MAN WAS SOMETHING SPECIAL

In the image of GodWhose life upon HimImage of man as capacity to reflect God(in the terms of righteousness ,holiness) not possess by animal

BACK

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE

BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM

PERSPECTIVE

5 Aggregates( Khandas)

Physical form

(rupa)

Feelings(vedana

)Idealogy(sanna)

Mental formation

s(Sankhar

a)

Consciusness

(Vinnana)

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM

PERSPECTIVE

A person is a "self" in that he or she is a true subject of moral action and karmic accumulation, but not in the sense that he or she has an enduring or unchanging soul.

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM

PERSPECTIVE Additional note :

Buddhists believe that life is filled with pain, and pain is caused by desires. Through enlightenment one can reach the absence of pain- Nirvana.

Buddhism is a dharmic, non-theistic religion. Buddhism is also known as Buddha Dharma or Dhamma, which means the "teachings of the Awakened One“. Buddhism was founded around the fifth century by Siddhartha Gautama, hereafter referred to as "the Buddha".

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW

FROM THE HINDUISM

PERSPECTIVE

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM

PERSPECTIVE

Human nature

and Purpose

of Existen

ce

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM PERSPECTIVE

Hinduism

Monoteisme

Advaita Vedant

a

Birth and life is

viewed as

torture and

suffering.

- free of their

suffering-when

their soul dies, it will be united with god

NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM

PERSPECTIVE Additional notes:

Some Hindus believe in one God (Brahman) some believe in a holy trinity (Brahma,Vishnu,Shiva) some believe in a whole host of gods and goddesses, some are even atheists.

Hinduism provides a vast body of scriptures. Divided as revealed and remembered and developed over millennia, these scriptures expound on a broad of range of theology, philosophy and mythology, providing spiritual insights and guidance on the practice of dharma (religious living).

THANK

YOUAPPROVED BY:SIRIM