Natura 2000 Seminars - European Commissionec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/platform/documents/at… · Littorella, Lobelia dortmana or Isoetes. Not all zones may not be

Natura2000Seminars

Aninitiativeofthe

Natura2000BiogeographicalProcess

SecondAtlanticSeminarEnnistymon-Ireland,25–27October2016

ANNEX7HabitatfactsheetsRiversandLakes

Natura2000Seminars–Atlantic 2

ECNC,CEEweb,Eurosite,Europarc,ELO,ILESAS

Preparedby: ECNC,Arcadis,CEEweb,Eurosite,Europarc,ELO,ILESASAuthors: Luboš Halada, in consultation with the ETC-BD, in particular Mora Aronsson and

DougEvans.Editing: KristijanCivic,AlbertienPerdok,JintheRoelofsCopyright: ©EuropeanUnion,2016 Reproductionisauthorisedprovidedthesourceisacknowledged.Funding: EuropeanCommissionaspartofcontractnumber07.0307/2012/60517/SER/B.3.Disclaimer: The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the

EuropeanCommission,noristheEuropeanCommissionresponsibleforanyusethatmightbemadeofinformationappearingherein.

Event: For more information on this seminar, see the Natura 2000 Communication

Platform:http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/platform/events/events-upcoming/263_second_atlantic_natura_2000_seminar_en.htm



TableofContents

3110Oligotrophicwaterscontainingveryfewmineralsofsandyplains(Littorelletaliauniflorae) ...4

3130OligotrophictomesotrophicstandingwaterswithvegetationoftheLitorelleteaunifloraeand/orofIsoëto-Nanojuncetea ..........................................................................................................8

3140Hardoligo-mesotrophicwaterswithbenthicvegetationofCharaspp...................................13

3150NaturaleutrophiclakeswithMagnopotamionorHydrocharition-typevegetation ..............18

3180Turloughs .................................................................................................................................22

3260WatercoursesofplaintomontanelevelswiththeRanunculionfluitantisandCallitricho-Batrachionvegetation.......................................................................................................................26

3270RiverswithmuddybankswithChenopodionrubrip.p.andBidentionp.p.vegetation ..........30

91E0AlluvialforestswithAlnusglutinosaandFraxinusexcelsior(Alno-Padion,Alnionincanae,Salicionalbae) ...................................................................................................................................34



3110Oligotrophicwaterscontainingveryfewmineralsofsandyplains(Littorelletaliauniflorae)

x SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminarx Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

Summary

TheoverallconservationstatusintheAtlanticregionisunfavourable-badduetotheassessmentofIrelandandFrance;Belgium,Germany,andtheNetherlandsassessedtheconservationstatusinthesame category. Habitat 3110 is widespread in the Atlantic region from northern Denmark tonorthwest Spain although it is almost absent in the northern half of theUnited Kingdom. Irelandhoststhe largestpartofthehabitatarea(66.2%). Improvingtheconservationstatusofthehabitatrequiresespeciallyeliminationofthesurfacewaterpollutionfromdifferentsources:agriculturalandforestryactivities,households’sewageandwastewatersandindustrialplants.

Habitatdescription

Shallowoligotrophicwaterswith fewminerals and base poor,with an aquatic to amphibious lowperennialvegetationbelongingtotheLittorelletaliaunifloraeorder,onoligotrophicsoilsoflakeandpondbanks(sometimesonpeatysoils).Thisvegetationconsistsofoneormorezones,dominatedbyLittorella,LobeliadortmanaorIsoetes.Notallzonesmaynotbefoundatagivensite.

DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

The habitat type iswidespread in the Atlantic region from northernDenmark to northwest SpainalthoughalmostabsentfromthenorthernhalfoftheUnitedKingdom.ItismostwidelydistributedinFrance and western Ireland, Ireland hosts 66.2% of the habitat area. The representation of thehabitat in Natura 2000 sites is quite low (up to 23.5%) due to a marginal representation of thehabitatsinNatura2000sitesincountrieswherethehabitatismostabundant(IrelandandFrance).AllhabitatareainBelgiumandGermanyislocatedinNatura2000sites.

Natura2000sitesCountry Area

/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 0.03 100.0 5Germany 0.6 100.0 16Denmark 1.5 20.7 15Spain 38.0 x 39France 10.0-30.0 5.0-15.0 98Ireland 70.1 17.2 39Netherlands 0.3 75.0 5Portugal UnitedKingdom 4.04 4ATLRegion 124.5-144.5 20.2-23.5 221

The table above shows the size of the habitat area in Natura 2000sites and its proportion compared to habitat area in the wholebiogeographic region (“coverage“) as reported by MS in the 2013Article 17 report. The number of siteswas extracted from the 2015Natura2000database.

X–unrealisticvalue,probablyamistakeinthereporting



Biogeographicalconservationstatusassessment

The overall conservation status of this habitat type in the Atlantic biogeographical region isunfavourable - bad due to assessments of Ireland and France. Also Belgium, Germany, and theNetherlandsassessedthestatusinthiscategory.FranceandtheNetherlandsassessedallparametersas unfavourable – bad. However, range and area are favourable in several countries, includingIreland.

The overall conservation status for the region has not changed compared to previous assessment(2001-2006), but the overall qualifier changed from stable to negative. The national conservationstatuschangedinseveralcountries,includingagenuinechangefromunfavourable-bad(improving)tounfavourable-inadequate(improving)intheUnitedKingdom.ThereisapositivegenuinechangeofthequalifierreportedinBelgiumwhileanegativegenuinechangeareindicatedinIrelandandtheNetherlands(fromastabletoanegativeinthecategoryunfavourable–bad).

Legend:MS–MemberState;Overallasses-Overallassessment;%MS–percentageofthesurfaceareaintherespectiveMemberStatecomparedtowholeBiogeographicalRegion;Ref.–referencevalue;Struct&func.-structure and functions; Future prosp. – future prospect; Curr. CS – current conservation status; Prev. CS –previousconservationstatus;Nat.ofch.–natureofchange;EU27:assessmentonthe levelofallEUMemberCountries;Concl.–conclusion;Target1:-target1oftheEU2020BiodiversityStrategy.Conservationstatus FV Favourable U1 Unfavourable-inadequate U2 Unfavourable-bad XX UnknownTrend 0=stable;+=increase;-=decrease;x=unknownQualifier =stable;+positive;-negative;xunknownNatureofchange

a–genuinechange;b–changeduetobetterdataorimprovedknowledge;b2–duetotaxonomicreview;c1–duetodifferentmethodstomeasureorevaluate;c2-duetodifferentthresholdsuse;d-noinformationaboutnatureofchange;e-duetolessaccurateorabsentdata;nc-nochange

Target1contribution

A-favourableassessments;B-improvedassess.;C-deterioratedassessments;D-unfavourableandunknownassessmentsthatdidnotchange;E-assessmentsthatbecameunknown.

Pressures,threatsandproposedmeasures

The countries reported a very broad range of pressures. All countries consider the surfacewaterpollution as themost important pressure and this is logical – the habitat represents oligotrophicwater and any pollution represent change towards mesotrophic or eutrophic state. To otherpressures having high intensity in several countries belong: human induced changes in hydraulic



conditions,pollutionofgroundwater,nitrogen inputandpressuresassociatedwithagricultureandleisure,aswellasinvasivenon-nativespecies.

TheMember Countries consider improvingwater quality and restoring the hydrological regime ashighlyneeded.Alsoadaptingcropproduction,establishingprotectedareasand legalprotectionofhabitatsandspeciesaremeasuredofhighimportance.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UKA02.01 agriculturalintensification H H

A04.01 intensivegrazing H

A05 livestockfarmingandanimalbreeding(withoutgrazing) M

A07 useofbiocides,hormonesandchemicals M

A08 Fertilisation M M

C01.03.02 mechanicalremovalofpeat H

G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities H H

G02 Sportandleisurestructures H

G05 Otherhumanintrusionsanddisturbances M

H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters(limnic,terrestrial,marine,brackish) H H H H H

H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants M

H01.02 pollutiontosurfacewatersbystormoverflows M

H01.05 diffusepollutionsurfacewatersduetoagricultureandforestry H H

H01.08 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetohouseholdsewageandwastewaters H

H01.09 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoothersourcesnotlisted H

H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) H H H

H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagricultureandforestry H

H04 Airpollution,air-bornepollutants M

H04.01 Acidrain M

H04.02 Nitrogen-input H H H

I01 invasivenon-nativespecies M M M H

I02 problematicnativespecies M

J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions M H H H

J02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater M H M

J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity H

K01.02 Siltingup H

K02.02 accumulationoforganicmaterial M M

K02.04 acidification(natural) H

M01.04 pH-changes H

Note:

Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK

1.3 Nomeasureknown/impossibletocarryoutspecificmeasures M 2.0 Otheragriculture-relatedmeasures M 2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats H 2.2 Adaptingcropproduction H H H4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H H H M H4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H H M H H4.3 Managingwaterabstraction H



Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK

6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H H 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H H H 6.4 Managelandscapefeatures H 7.2 Regulation/Managementoffisheryinlimnicsystems M7.4 Specificsinglespeciesorspeciesgroupmanagementmeasures HLegend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity

Reasonforselectionas“LowHangingFruit“(LHF)habitatintheAtlanticregion

Applyingthemethodologyto identifyLHFhabitats intheAtlanticregion,habitat3110reachedtheLHFscore130.02.ThishabitattypewasclassifiedasLHFespeciallybecausetoreachimprovement,thechangefromanegativetrendtoastablesituationwithinthecategoryU2(unfavourable-bad)issufficient. It is normallymuch easier to improve on a trend than to reach another category. ThehabitattypewasincludedtoLHFalsobecausetheimprovementofthetrendofonlyoneparameter(structureandfunction) inonecountry (Ireland), i.e.stoppingof thedecline inquality in Ireland isneededtoreachtheoverallimprovement.

ReasonofselectionforthefirstAtlanticseminar

ThehabitattypewasselectedforthefirstAtlanticseminarbecauseofitshighvalueonthePriorityIndex.Habitat 3110 reached score 144becauseof its occurrence in 8 countries andhigh valueofcriterion B. Seven countries assessed the conservation status as unfavourable – bad and Spain asunknown,thereforecriterionBreachedhighvalue15.

Priorityconservationmeasuresneeded

For the improvement of the overall conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographical region,especiallyimprovementofthehabitatstructureandfunctioninIrelandisneeded.Irelandreportedfavourable for area, whichmeans that the restoration is not inevitable and themeasures shouldfocus on the elimination of factors negatively influencing the habitat quality. Ireland reported asmost important pressures the surface water pollution from different sources: agricultural andforestry activities, households’ sewage and waste waters and industrial plants. The measuresimprovingthewaterqualityarethuscrucialforthehabitatstatusimprovement.

In other countries improvement of the water quality is the most important measure as well,especiallyinthoseshowinganegativetrend.ThehabitatrestorationisneededespeciallyinFrance,but also inDenmark and theNetherlands. TheUnitedKingdomcanprobably shareexperienceonhowtoimprovethehabitatconservationstatus.

Links

http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article17/reports2012/habitat/summary/?period=3&group=Freshwater+habitats&subject=3110&region=ATL



3130OligotrophictomesotrophicstandingwaterswithvegetationoftheLitorelleteaunifloraeand/orofIsoëto-Nanojuncetea

X SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminar Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

HabitatsummaryThe overall conservation status in the Atlantic region is unfavourable - inadequate due to theassessmentofstructureandfunctionsandfutureprospectbyIreland.ThesameconservationstatusisreportedbyDenmark,France,andtheUnitedKingdom.InBelgium,GermanyandtheNetherlandsthe assessment is unfavourable – bad, Portugal reported a favourable status. Habitat 3130 iswidespread in the Atlantic biogeographic region, with a high proportion (94.3%) being in Ireland.Improving theconservationstatusof thehabitatespecially requires improvementof structureandfunctions in Ireland.Therestorationor improvementof thewaterqualityandregime iscrucial forimprovement of the habitat conservation status; other importantmeasures represent removal ofinvasivespeciesanddeclarationofprotectedsites.

Habitatdescription These lakes with low to moderate levels of plant nutrients host amphibious low vegetationcharacterizedbygenerallysmallephermerophytes.Twotypescouldbedistinguished:1.aquatic toamphibious shortperennial vegetation,oligotrophic tomesotrophic, of lake,pondandpoolbanksandwater-landinterfacesbelongingtotheLittorelletaliaunifloraeorder;2)amphibiousshortannualvegetation, pioneer of land interface zones of lakes, pools and pondswith nutrient poor soils, orwhichgrowsduringperiodicdryingofthesestandingwaters: Isoeto-Nanojunceteaclass.Thesetwounits can grow together in close association or separately. In the Atlantic region, such lakes canshelterglacialrelictspecies,e.g.fishsuchasSelvelinusalpinus.

DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000networkOligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters of this habitat type are widespread in the Atlanticregion but absent in Spain, where similar vegetation has probably been included in habitat type3110. There have been changes in habitat interpretation inIreland and theNetherlands since the2001-06 report. The largest habitat area is reported by Ireland (94.3%). The habitat is quite wellrepresentedinNatura2000sites,buttherearebigdifferencesbetweencountries.




/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 7.0-7.1 87.5-88.75 22Germany 4.04-6.02 83Denmark 3.85 18.07 26Spain France 0.1-94.26 103Ireland 31.8 5.69 23Netherlands 3.4 80.95 26Portugal UnitedKingdom 253.69 66ATLRegion 303.88-400.12 51.33-67.59 349

The table above shows the size of thehabitat area inNatura2000sitesand itsproportioncomparedtohabitatarea in thewholebiogeographicregion(“coverage“)asreportedbyMSinthe2013Article17report.Thenumberofsiteswasextractedfromthe2015Natura2000database.


The overall conservation status of this habitat type in the Atlantic biogeographic region isunfavourable–inadequateduetotheassessmentofstructureandfunctionsandfutureprospectbyIreland.Thesameconservationstatus isreportedbyDenmark,France,andtheUnitedKingdom.InBelgium,GermanyandtheNetherlands(wherethehabitatisrare),theassessmentisunfavourable–bad, Portugal reported a favourable status. No valuewas reported for area by Germany, France,Portugal and theUnited Kingdom. The actual habitat area is smaller than the reference values inGermany,FranceandtheNetherlands.Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedcomparedtothepreviousassessment(2001-2006)–thechangefromunfavourable–badtounfavourable–inadequateisnotconsideredasagenuinechange.

Legend:MS–MemberState;Overallasses-Overallassessment;%MS–percentageofthesurfaceareaintherespectiveMemberStatecomparedtowholeBiogeographicalRegion;Ref.–referencevalue;Struct&func.-structure and functions; Future prosp. – future prospect; Curr. CS – current conservation status; Prev. CS –



previousconservationstatus;Nat.ofch.–natureofchange;EU27:assessmentonthe levelofallEUMemberCountries;Concl.–conclusion;Target1:-target1oftheEU2020BiodiversityStrategy.Conservationstatus FV Favourable U1 Unfavourable-inadequate U2 Unfavourable-bad XX UnknownTrend 0=stable;+=increase;-=decrease;x=unknownQualifier =stable;+positive;-negative;xunknownNatureofchange


Target1contribution



Themainpressuresandthreatsarepollutionofsurfacewater(nitrogen-input,fertilisation-mostlyfrom agriculture, forestry, but also from household waste waters), human induced changes inhydraulicconditionsand invasivenon-nativespecies. Intensivefishfarming,outdoorsports, leisureactivities,recreationalactivitiesandotherhumanintrusionsanddisturbanceshavealsolargeeffectonthefunctionofthesebiotopes.

Restoringorimprovingthewaterqualityandthehydrologicalregimerepresentsthemostimportantmeasures indicatedashighlyneededbyall countries.Theestablishmentof theprotectedareasorsitesandlegalprotectionofhabitatsandspeciesarealsoproposed.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UKA02.01 agriculturalintensification H A04 grazing M A08 Fertilisation H M C01.03.02 mechanicalremovalofpeat H F01.01 intensivefishfarming,intensification H G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities M G05 Otherhumanintrusionsanddisturbances M H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters H H H HH01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants M

H01.05diffuse pollution to surface waters due to agricultural andforestryactivities

H H

H01.08 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetohouseholdsewageandwastewaters H H01.09 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoothersourcesnotlisted H H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) M H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagriculturalandforestryactivities H H04 Airpollution,air-bornepollutants M MH04.01 Acidrain H H04.02 Nitrogen-input H M H I01 invasivenon-nativespecies M M M H HJ02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions H HJ02.01 Landfill,landreclamationanddryingout,general M J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general M J02.05.03 mofificationofstandingwaterbodies M J02.06 Waterabstractionsfromsurfacewaters M J02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater M H M J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity M K01.02 Siltingup H K02.02 accumulationoforganicmaterial M K02.03 eutrophication(natural) M K02.04 acidification(natural) H



Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UKK03 Interspecificfaunalrelations M K03.05 antagonismarisingfromintroductionofspecies M M01.04 pH-changes H Legend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity

Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK2.0 Otheragriculture-relatedmeasures M 2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats H M M 2.2 Adaptingcropproduction H3.1 Restoring/improvingforesthabitats M 3.2 Adaptforestmanagement M 4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures H M M 4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H M H M H4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H H M H H4.3 Managingwaterabstraction H6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H M 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H H 6.4 Managelandscapefeatures H 6.5 Adaptation/abolitionofmilitarylanduse H 7.2 Regulation/Managementoffisheryinlimnicsystems H M M7.4 Specificsinglespeciesorspeciesgroupmanagementmeasures HLegend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


ThehabitattypewasselectedforthefirstAtlanticseminarbecauseofitshighvalueonthePriorityIndex.Habitat3130reachedscore128becauseofhighvaluesforbothcriteriaAandB.Thehabitatoccurs in eight countries (criterion A). Five countries reported an unfavourable-bad overallconservation status, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom reported an unfavourable -inadequateandPortugalanunknownstatus(criterionB).

ThePriorityIndexwascalculatedusinginformationfromthereportsofMemberStatesbasedonrequirementsoftheArticle17oftheHabitatsDirectiveforperiod2001-2006.Itisbasedonthreeparameters:A)NumberofMemberStateswherehabitattypeispresent;B)Unfavourableconservationstatusofthehabitattype(U2–2points;U1&XX–1pointeach),andC)Trendinformation:numberofnegativetrendsforparameters“Areaofthe habitat type” and qualifiers for “Structure & functions”. The index is then calculated using formula:A*(B+C).


For the improvement of the habitat conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographic region,especially improvement of structure and functions in Ireland is needed. The restoration orimprovementofthewaterqualityandregimeiscrucialforimprovementofthehabitatconservationstatus. It includesmeasures for reducingdiffusepollution fromagriculture and forestry aswell aspoint pollution by industry or by household sewage and waste waters. Taking into account thecomplexityof issuesofwaterqualityandwater regime in relation toahighnumberof sites tobeimproved, it is ademanding task. The removal of invasive species andestablishmentof protectedareas represent other important measures. Habitat restoration is needed especially in Germany,France,andtheNetherlands.

Links






3140Hardoligo-mesotrophicwaterswithbenthicvegetationofCharaspp. SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminarx Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

Summary

TheoverallconservationstatusintheAtlanticregionisunfavourable–badwithanegativequalifierduetotheassessmentofIreland.Habitat3140isintheAtlanticbiogeographicregionscatteredoverthe entire region with a higher representation in Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands,BelgiumandFrance.ThelargesthabitatareaisinIreland(63.7%).Improvingtheconservationstatusof thehabitat requiresmeasuresaimedat reductionofwaterpollution in Ireland for stopping thenegative trendrecorded for thishabitat type.For further improvementof theconservationstatus,the same measures should be applied in all other countries except Belgium. In addition, habitatrestorationisneededinFrance,toreachthefavourablereferencevalueofthehabitatarea.Habitatdescription

Lakesandpoolswithwatersfairlyrichindissolvedbases(pHoften6-7)(21.12)orwithmostlybluetogreenish, very clear, waters, poor (to moderate) in nutrients and base-rich (pH often >7.5). Thebottom of these unpolluted water bodies are covered with charophyte, Chara and Nitella, algalcarpets.IntheBorealregionthishabitattypeincludessmallcalcareous-richoligomesotrophicgyttjapools with dense Chara (dominating species is C. strigosa) carpets, often surrounded by variouseutrophicfensandpinebogs.DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

ThishabitattypeoccursscatteredoverthewholeregionwiththehighestrepresentationinIreland,theUnitedKingdom, theNetherlands, Belgiumand France. In smaller areas it occurs inDenmark,northwestGermany,andthenorthofSpain.ItismostwidelydistributedinIreland,hosting63.7%ofthehabitatarea.TherepresentationofthehabitatinNatura2000sitesisquitehigh,closeto70%inaverage;intheNetherlandsmorethan90%ofthehabitatareaislocatedinNatura2000sites.




/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 0.74 26.42 10Germany 1.42 36.41 16Denmark 15.40 22.64 23Spain 6.85 3113.63x 12France 76.00 50.66 103Ireland 419.70 75.48 20Netherlands 83.00 90.21 13Portugal UnitedKingdom 7.32 20ATLRegion 610.43 69.92 217


x-unrealisticvalue,probablyamistakeinreporting.


The overall conservation status of this habitat type in the Atlantic biogeographical region isunfavourable – bad with a negative qualifier due to assessment of Ireland. The habitat isunfavourable–badinDenmarkandtheUnitedKingdomtoo.Rangeandhabitatareaarefavourableinmostcountries,Belgiumreportedallparametersasfavourable.TheneedofrestorationmeasuresisindicatedonlybyFrance.

Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedagainstpreviousassessment(2001-2006), but the qualifier changed from stable to negative. The genuine changes reported Ireland(fromU2stabletonegative),Unitedkingdom(fromU2negativetostable)andNetherlands(fromU1stabletopositive).

Legend:MS–MemberState;Overallasses-Overallassessment;%MS–percentageofthesurfaceareaintherespectiveMemberStatecomparedtowholeBiogeographicalRegion;Ref.–referencevalue;Struct&func.-structure and functions; Future prosp. – future prospect; Curr. CS – current conservation status; Prev. CS –previousconservationstatus;Nat.ofch.–natureofchange;EU27:assessmentonthe levelofallEUMemberCountries;Concl.–conclusion;Target1:-target1oftheEU2020BiodiversityStrategy.



Conservationstatus FV Favourable U1 Unfavourable-inadequate U2 Unfavourable-bad XX UnknownTrend 0=stable;+=increase;-=decrease;x=unknownQualifier =stable;+positive;-negative;xunknownNatureofchange


Target1contribution



Alonglistofpressureswasreportedbymembercountries.Pollutionofsurfacewatersandgroundwaters were reported as pressure of high intensity by almost all countries. Agriculturalintensification,fertilisation,invasiveandnon-nativespecies,waterregimechanges(includinghumaninduced changes in hydraulic conditions,water abstraction fromgroundwater andmodificationofhydrographic functioning) and biocenotic evolution were listed in the same category. Nine otherpressureswithmediumintensitywerereported.Themember statesproposed improvingwaterqualityandhydrological regime, legalprotectionofhabitats and species, regulation/management of fishing and hunting and some other forestry,agricultureandwetland-relatedmeasures.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK

A02.01 agriculturalintensification H

A04 grazing M

A08 Fertilisation H

E01 Urbanisedareas,humanhabitation M

F01 MarineandFreshwaterAquaculture H

G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities M M

H01Pollution to surface waters (limnic & terrestrial, marine &brackish)

H M H H H

H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants H



H H H

H01.09 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoothersourcesnotlisted M

H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) H H H M

H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagriculturalandforestryactivities H H

H02.07 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetonon-seweredpopulation H

I01 invasivenon-nativespecies H M M H

I02 problematicnativespecies M M

J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions M H H

J02.01 Landfill,landreclamationanddryingout,general M

J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general H

J02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater H

K01.02 Siltingup M

K02 Biocenoticevolution,succession M H

K03.05 antagonismarisingfromintroductionofspecies H

K04 Interspecificfloralrelations M




A02.01 agriculturalintensification H

A04 grazing M

A08 Fertilisation H

E01 Urbanisedareas,humanhabitation M

F01 MarineandFreshwaterAquaculture H

G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities M M

H01Pollution to surface waters (limnic & terrestrial, marine &brackish)

H M H H H

H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants H



H H H

H01.09 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoothersourcesnotlisted M

H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) H H H M

H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagriculturalandforestryactivities H H

H02.07 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetonon-seweredpopulation H

I01 invasivenon-nativespecies H M M H

I02 problematicnativespecies M M

J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions M H H

J02.01 Landfill,landreclamationanddryingout,general M

J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general H

J02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater H

K01.02 Siltingup M

K02 Biocenoticevolution,succession M H

K03.05 antagonismarisingfromintroductionofspecies H

K04 Interspecificfloralrelations M Note:Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK

2.2 Adaptingcropproduction H

3.0 Otherforestry-relatedmeasures H

4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures H

4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H H H H

4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H M H M

4.3 Managingwaterabstraction H H

6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H M

6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H H H

7.1 Regulation/Managementofhuntingandtaking H

7.2 Regulation/Managementoffisheryinlimnicsystems H M

7.4 Specificsinglespeciesorspeciesgroupmanagementmeasures H

9.1Regulating/Management exploitation of natural resources onland

H

Legend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity




Applyingthemethodologyto identifyLHFhabitats intheAtlanticregion,habitat3140reachedtheLHFscore20.26.ThishabitattypewasclassifiedasLHFespeciallybecausetoreachimprovement,thechange fromanegative trend to a stable situationwithin the categoryU2 (unfavourable - bad) issufficient. It isnormallymucheasierto improveonatrendthantoreachadifferentcategory.ThehabitattypewasincludedtoLHFalsobecauseofahighrepresentationofthehabitatinNatura2000sites(closeto70%)andthefactthattheimprovementofthetrendofonlyoneparameter(structureandfunction)inonecountry(Ireland)isneededtoreachoverallimprovement.


For the improvement of the overall conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographical region,especiallyimprovementonthetrend“structureandfunction”inIrelandisneeded.Irelandreportedpollution of surface and groundwater by agriculture, forestry and industry as main pressures tohabitat type. Thus, measures aimed at reduction of water pollution are crucial for stopping thenegative trend recorded for this habitat type.Other freshwater andwetland habitats could profitfromtheirapplicationtoo.

The further improvement of the conservation status needs restoration measures in France, andimplementationofmeasuresforthereductionofwaterpollutioninallcountriesexceptforBelgium,wheretheconservationstatusisfavourable.

Links




3150NaturaleutrophiclakeswithMagnopotamionorHydrocharition-typevegetation

x SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminar Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

Habitatsummary

The overall conservation status in the Atlantic region is unfavourable - bad due to assessment ofstructureandfunctionsinBelgium,Germany,Denmark,andtheUnitedKingdom.Habitat3150isintheAtlanticbiogeographicregiondistributedmostlyfromthenorthernpartofDenmarktothenorthFrance. Less continuous or scattered occurs is in the rest of France, northern Spain, the UnitedKingdom and Ireland. Ireland hosts the largest part of the habitat area (54 %). Improving theconservationstatusofthehabitatrequiresimprovementofthewaterqualityandhydrologicregimeof the habitat in countries that reported an unfavourable – bad status and habitat restoration inthreecountriesthatreportedaloweractualhabitatareathanthereferencevalue(Belgium,Spain,theNetherlands).MoreinformationabouttherangeandhabitatareainGermanyisneeded.

Habitatdescription

Lakesandpondswithmostlydirtygrey toblue-green,moreor less turbidwaters,particularly richin dissolved bases (pH usually > 7), with free-floating surface communities of theHydrocharitionor,indeep,openwaters,withassociationsoflargepondweeds(Magnopotamion).

DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

ThehabitattypeiswidelydistributedintheAtlanticbiogeographicregion,mostlyinitsnorthernpartfrom Denmark to the north of France. Less continuous or scattered occurs in the rest of France,northernSpain, theUnitedKingdomand Ireland. Irelandhosts the largestpartof thehabitatarea(54%) in the Atlantic biogeographic region, followed by France (33.5 %). More than 60% of thehabitat area is located in Natura 2000 sites with the highest coverage in France (99.92%) andtheNetherlands(81.57%),andlowestinIreland(4.76%).


/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 4.33-7.73 28.30-50.52 62Germany 63.15-68.7 163Denmark 5.2 21.22 36Spain 33 194.11* 49France 254.8 99.92 167Ireland 19.6 4.76 11Netherlands 31 81.57 17Portugal UnitedKingdom 52.6 16ATLRegion 463.68-472.63 60.93-62.11 521




*-notrealisticvalueprobablyduebymistakeinreporting


TheconservationstatusofthishabitattypeintheAtlanticbiogeographicregionisunfavourable-baddue to the assessment of structure and functions in Belgium,Germany,Denmark, and theUnitedKingdom.Allotherparametersareunfavourable-inadequate.ThehabitatisconsideredfavourableonlyinFrance.However,theoverallassessmentusedweightingbygriddeddistributionasnovalueforareawasgivenbyGermanyandtheUnitedKingdomandmanytrendsweremissing.Betterdatamayleadtoadifferentassessment.The overall conservation status for the region has not changed compared to the previousassessment (2001-2006). However, genuine changes were reported by two countries: theNetherlands(fromastabletoapositivequalifierwithinU1)andtheUnitedKingdom(fromastabletoapositivequalifierwithinU2).



Target1contribution



Alonglistofpressuresandthreatswasreportedbythememberstates.Pollutionofsurfacewatersandgroundwaterrepresentageneralproblemasitisreportedashigh-intensitypressurebyalmostall countries. Agricultural intensification, fertilisation, fishing, human induced changes in thehydraulicregimeanddryingoutwerereportedaspressureswithhighintensityaswell.Anadditional27pressureswithmediumintensitywerereported.



Severalmanagementmeasureswereproposedbymembercountries.Restoring/improvingthewaterqualitywasidentifiedashighlyimportantbyalmostallstates.Restorationofthehydrologicregime,managementofwaterabstraction,establishmentofprotectedareas,managementof fisheriesandlandscapefeaturesareconsideredashighlyimportantmeasurestoo.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUKA01 Cultivation M A02 modificationofcultivationpractices M A02.01 agriculturalintensification H A04 grazing M A05 livestockfarmingandanimalbreeding(withoutgrazing) M A07 useofbiocides,hormonesandchemicals M M A08 Fertilisation H M M A09 Irrigation M A10 Restructuringagriculturallandholding M D01 Roads,pathsandrailroads M E01 Urbanisedareas,humanhabitation M M M F01 MarineandFreshwaterAquaculture M F01.01 intensivefishfarming,intensification M F02.03 Leisurefishing M M F06 Hunting,fishingorcollectingactivitiesnotreferredtoabove H G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities M M G01.02 walking,horseridingandnon-motorisedvehicles M G05.01 Trampling,overuse M H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters(limnic&terrestrial,marine&

brackish)H H H H

H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants H H01.03 otherpointsourcepollutiontosurfacewater M H01.05 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoagriculturaland

forestryactivities H H H

H01.08 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetohouseholdsewageandwastewaters

M

H01.09 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoothersourcesnotlisted

M

H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) H H H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagriculturalandforestry

activities H

H04 Airpollution,air-bornepollutants M H04.02 Nitrogen-input M I01 invasivenon-nativespecies H M M M M HI02 problematicnativespecies M J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions H H H MJ02.01 Landfill,landreclamationanddryingout,general M J02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater H J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity M H K01.01 Erosion M K01.02 Siltingup M M K01.03 Dryingout H H K02 Biocenoticevolution,succession M K02.01 speciescompositionchange(succession) M K02.02 accumulationoforganicmaterial M

Note: Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUK



Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUK2.0 Otheragriculture-relatedmeasures M 2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats H M 2.2 Adaptingcropproduction M 3.2 Adaptforestmanagement M 4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures H 4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H H M H H H4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H M M4.3 Managingwaterabstraction H6.0 Otherspatialmeasures H M 6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H M H 6.4 Managelandscapefeatures H 7.2 Regulation/Managementoffisheryinlimnicsystems H H7.4 Specificsinglespeciesorspeciesgroupmanagementmeasures MLegend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


ThehabitattypewasselectedforthefirstAtlanticseminarbecauseofitshighvalueonthePriorityIndex. Habitat 3150 reached the score 128 because of high values for both criteria A and B. Anunfavourable - bad overall conservation status was reported by six countries, unfavourable -inadequatestatusbyonecountryandunknownstatusbyonecountry.

ThePriorityIndexwascalculatedusinginformationfromthereportsofMemberStatesbasedonrequirementsof the Article 17 of the Habitats Directive for the period 2001-2006. It is based on three parameters: A)NumberofMemberStateswherehabitattypeispresent;B)Unfavourableconservationstatusofthehabitattype (U2 – 2 points; U1 & XX – 1 point each), and C) Trend information: number of negative trends forparameters“Areaofthehabitattype”andqualifiersfor“Structure&functions”.Theindexisthencalculatedusingformula:A*(B+C).


For the improvement of the habitat conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographic region,especially improvement of thewater quality and the hydrologic regime of the habitat is needed.Takingintoaccountthecomplexityoftheseissuesandnumberofcountriesreportingunfavourable–badstatus,thistaskisquitedemanding.Habitatrestorationisneededalsoincountriesreportingalower actual habitat area than the reference value: Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands. MoreinformationabouttherangeandhabitatareainGermanyisneeded.

Links




3180Turloughs SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminarx Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

Summary

The overall conservation status in the Atlantic region is unfavourable - inadequate due to theassessmentof structureand functionsaswell as futureprospect in Ireland.Habitat3180 is in theAtlantic biogeographic region distributedmostly in Ireland (99.9%of the habitat area), but it alsooccursmore locally in Northern Ireland,Wales (United Kingdom) and in Germany. Improving theconservation status of the habitat requires regulation of grazing intensity and measures forimprovement of water quality and better control of water pollution (especially by agriculturalactivitieslikefertilisation).Habitatdescription

Temporary lakesprincipally filledbysubterraneanwatersandparticulartokarstic limestoneareas.MostofthelakesfloodintheautumnandthendryupbetweenAprilandJuly.However,somemayfloodatanytimeoftheyearafterheavyrainfallanddryoutagaininafewdays;others,closetothesea,maybeaffectedbythetideinsummer.Theselakesfillandemptyatparticularplaces.Thesoilsare quite variable, including limestone bedrock, marls, peat, clay and humus, while aquaticconditionsrangefromultra-oligotrophictoeutrophic.ThevegetationmainlybelongstotheallianceLolio-PotentillionanserinaeTx.1947,butalsototheCariciondavallianaeKlika1934.DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

This habitat was firstly described from Ireland and the centre of distribution lies in the Atlanticbiogeographicalregion,despiterecordsfromotherregions.IntheAtlanticregion,thehabitatismostabundant in Ireland(99.9%ofthehabitatarea),but italsooccursmore locally inNorthern Irelandand Wales (United Kingdom), only one site is known from Germany. It does not occur in othercountriesoftheAtlanticregion.Around56%ofthehabitatareaislocatedintheNatura2000sites.


/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium Germany 1Denmark Spain France Ireland 38.5 55.9 45Netherlands Portugal UnitedKingdom 0.05 100.0 2ATLRegion 38.6 55.9 48

The table above shows the size of the habitat area in Natura2000 sites and its proportion compared to habitat area in thewhole biogeographic region (“coverage“) as reported byMS inthe 2013 Article 17 report. The number of sites was extractedfromthe2015Natura2000database.




TheoverallconservationstatusofthishabitattypeinAtlanticbiogeographicalregionisunfavourable- inadequate due to assessment of structure and functions as well as future prospect in Ireland.Germanyreportedanunfavourable–inadequateconservationstatusaswell,whileUnitedKingdomreportedunfavourable–bad.Therangeandhabitatareawereassessedas favourablebyall threecountries.

Structureandfunctionandfutureprospectareassessedasunfavourable - inadequate(andstable)althoughtherangeandareaareassessedasfavourable.ThisreflectsthesituationinIrelandwhichhasalmost100%ofthehabitatarea.IntheUnitedKingdomthehabitatisconsideredunfavourable-badalthough the improvement fromdeteriorating in 2001-2006 to stable is considereda genuineimprovement.

Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedcomparedtothepreviousassessment(2001-2006). Theoverall qualifier in assessmentof theUnitedKingdomchanged fromnegative tostable and the United Kingdom indicated this as genuine change. The change in assessment ofGermanyfromfavourabletounfavourable–inadequateanddecreasingisnotgenuine-itisduetoimprovedknowledgeandbetterdata.



Target1contribution



Manyreportedpressuresareassociatedwithagricultureandpollution.Grazingimpactsandhumanchanges of hydraulic conditions have been considered as highly intensive. To medium intensivepressuresbelongfertilisation,pollutionofgroundwater,successionandintensivecattlegrazing.Themaintenanceofgrasslands,hydrologicregimerestoration,legalprotectionofhabitatandspeciesandother spatialmeasures are themain proposedmeasures. Water quality improvement is listed as



measure with medium importance.




A04 grazing HA08 Fertilisation MH02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) MJ02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions HK02 Biocenoticevolution,succession MA04.01.01 intensivecattlegrazing M H02.06 diffusegroundwaterpollutionduetoagriculturalandforestryactivities M Note:

Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats H4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality M4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H6.0 Otherspatialmeasures H 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H Legend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


Applyingthemethodologyto identifyLHFhabitats intheAtlanticregion,habitat3180reachedtheLHFscore5.36.ThishabitattypewasclassifiedasLHFespeciallybecausetoreachimprovement,thechange from a stable to a positive trend within the category U1 (unfavourable - inadequate) issufficient.Itisnormallymucheasiertoimproveonatrendthantoreachadifferentcategory.Thehabitat typewas included toLHFalsobecauseofa relativelyhigh representationof thehabitat inNatura2000 sites (55.9%) and the fact that the improvementof the trendofonlyoneparameter(structureandfunctions)inonecountry(Ireland)isneededtoreachtheoverallimprovement.


For the improvement of the overall conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographical region,especiallyimprovementofstructureandfunctionsinIrelandinisneeded.Irelanddidnotreportanypressure of high intensity. To pressures of medium intensity belong intensive grazing andgroundwaterpollutionbyagriculturalandforestryactivities.Theregulationofthegrazing intensityandbetterprotectionofthegroundwaterqualityisthusneededtoreachanimprovedstatusofthehabitat.Inthisaspect,itispossibletouseasynergyeffectasthesemeasuresthatarecontributingtogeneralqualityofundergroundwaterareimportantforhumansupplyaswell.

Links




3260WatercoursesofplaintomontanelevelswiththeRanunculionfluitantisandCallitricho-Batrachionvegetation


Habitatsummary

TheoverallconservationstatusintheAtlanticregionisunfavourable-badduetotheassessmentofstructure and functions in Germany and the United Kingdom. Habitat 3260 is in the AtlanticbiogeographicregioncommoninDenmark,France,theUnitedKingdomandIreland.ItalsooccursinBelgium,theNetherlandsandSpain.The largesthabitatarea(65.4%) is inDenmark. ImprovingtheconservationstatusofthehabitatrequiresespeciallyimprovementofthestructureandfunctionsinGermany and the United Kingdom. This means to adopt measures against water pollution, forimprovingofthehydraulicregimeandforremovalofinvasivenon-nativespecies.Habitatdescription

Watercoursesofplaintomontanelevels,withsubmergedorfloatingvegetationoftheRanunculionfluitantisandCallitricho-Batrachion(lowwaterlevelduringsummer)oraquaticmosses.ThishabitatissometimesassociatedwithButomusumbellatusbankcommunities.DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

ThehabitatiswidespreadintheAtlanticbiogeographicregion,itiscommoninDenmark,France,theUnitedKingdomandIreland.ItalsooccursinBelgium,theNetherlandsandSpain.Denmarkreportedthelargesthabitatarea(ca65.4%ofthehabitatareaofRegion).TherepresentationofthehabitatinNatura2000sitesisquitelow,around21%.InFrance,wholehabitatarealiesinNatura2000sites.


/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 2.5-3.3 32.59-43.02 56Germany 25.63-36.55 118Denmark 4.45 0.44 44Spain 25 30.48 40France 198 100.00 139Ireland 32.46 13.81 21Netherlands 0.9 75.00 13Portugal 3UnitedKingdom 29.36 27ATLRegion 318.3-330.02 21.04 458





Theconservationstatusofthishabitattypeisunfavourable-badduetotheassessmentofstructureand functions in Germany and the United Kingdom.The Netherlands assessed the habitat in thesamecategory,fivecountriesconcludedunfavourable–inadequate.Francereportedallparametersas favourable. A negative overall qualifier is indicated by Ireland and theNetherlands. The actualhabitat area is smaller than the reference value in Belgium, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands,PortugalandtheUnitedKingdom.Threecountries(Germany,Portugal,andtheUnitedKingdom)didnotreportthehabitatarea.

Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedcomparedtothepreviousassessment(2001-2006). However, genuine changes were reported by three countries: Germany (overallqualifier changed from stable to positivewithin U2), Ireland (change from unfavourable – bad tounfavourable–inadequateandnegative),andintheUnitedKingdom(fromstabletopositivewithinU2).



Target1contribution



Themainpressuresandthreatsaremostlypollutionofsurfacewatersandhumaninducedchangesin hydraulic conditions. Invasive species also negatively affect the functions of this biotope. To



pressuresofmediumintensitybelongagricultureactivities,miningandquarrying,urbanisedareasoranthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity.Anumberofmeasureswereproposed,highlyneededarerestoring/improvingthewaterqualityandhydrological regime,managingwater abstraction, adaptationof cropproduction, establishmentofprotectedareas,legalprotectionofhabitatandspeciesandwastemanagement.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUKA02.03 grasslandremovalforarableland H A07 useofbiocides,hormonesandchemicals M A08 Fertilisation M M A09 Irrigation M H A10 Restructuringagriculturallandholding M H A11 Agricultureactivitiesnotreferredtoabove M B02 ForestandPlantationmanagement&use M B02.01.02 forestreplanting(nonnativetrees) M C01 Miningandquarrying M C01.03.02 mechanicalremovalofpeat M C03 Renewableabioticenergyuse MD02 Utilityandservicelines M D03 shippinglanes,ports,marineconstructions M E01 Urbanisedareas,humanhabitation M M E03 Discharges MF02 Fishingandharvestingaquaticressources M F02.03 Leisurefishing M G05.05 intensivemaintenanceofpublicparcs/cleaningofbeaches H H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters(limnic&terrestrial,marine&

brackish)H H M H H H

H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants H M H01.05 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetoagriculturaland

forestryactivities H M

H01.08 diffusepollutiontosurfacewatersduetohouseholdsewageandwastewaters

M

H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) M M H06.03 Thermalheatingofwaterbodies M I01 invasivenon-nativespecies M M HJ02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions H H HJ02.02.01 dredging/removaloflimnicsediments M H J02.03 Canalisation&waterdeviation H J02.03.02 canalisation M H J02.04 Floodingmodifications M J02.04.02 lackofflooding M J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general M H H H H M J02.05.02 modifyingstructuresofinlandwatercourses M J02.05.05 smallhydropowerprojects,weirs M J02.10 managementofaquaticandbankvegetationfordrainage

purposesM H

J02.11.02 Othersiltationratechanges M J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity M M J03.02.01 reductioninmigration/migrationbarriers M J03.02.02 reductionindispersal M K01.02 Siltingup M

Note: Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUK



Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUK2.0 Otheragriculture-relatedmeasures H M

2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats M

2.2 Adaptingcropproduction H H

4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures M H H

4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H H M M H H H

4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H H M M H H

4.3 Managingwaterabstraction M M H H

6.0 Otherspatialmeasures H M

6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H

6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies M H H

7.4 Specificsinglespeciesorspeciesgroupmanagementmeasures H

8.1 Urbanandindustrialwastemanagement H

8.2 Specificmanagementoftrafficandenergytransportsystems M

9.1 Regulating/Managementexploitationofnaturalresourcesonland M

Legend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


ThehabitattypewasselectedforthefirstAtlanticseminarbecauseof itshighvalueofthePriorityIndex.Habitat3260reachedscore153becauseofhighvaluesforbothcriteriaAandB.Thehabitatoccursinallninecountries(criterionA),anditwasassessedasunfavourable-badbyfourcountries,asunfavourable-inadequatebyfourcountriesandunknownbyonecountry(criterionB).

ThePriorityIndexwascalculatedusinginformationfromthereportsofMemberStatesbasedonrequirementsof the Article 17 of the Habitats Directive for the period 2001-2006. It is based on three parameters: A)NumberofMemberStateswherehabitattypeispresent;B)Unfavourableconservationstatusofthehabitattype (U2 – 2 points; U1 & XX – 1 point each), and C) Trend information: number of negative trends forparameters“Areaofthehabitattype”andqualifiersfor“Structure&functions”.Theindexisthencalculatedusingformula:A*(B+C).


For the improvement of the habitat conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographic region,especially improvement of the structure and functions in Germany and the United Kingdom isneeded. Taking intoaccount the reportedpressures, thismeans toadoptmeasuresagainstwaterpollution and for improving the hydraulic regime. The removal of invasive non-native species isneededaswell.

Similar measures should be applied also in other countries except for France (that reported afavourable status). Habitat restoration is neededin Belgium, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands,Portugal and the United Kingdom in order to reach the reference value for the habitat area.Improvement of knowledge on the habitat area in Germany, Portugal, and United Kingdom isnecessary.

Links




3270RiverswithmuddybankswithChenopodionrubrip.p.andBidentionp.p.vegetation

SelectedforfirstroundofBiogeographicalSeminarx Selectedusing“Lowhangingfruit”approach

Summary

Theoverall conservationstatus in theAtlantic region isunfavourable -badwithanegativeoverallqualifierduetotheassessmentofhabitatareaandstructureandfunctionsbyFrance.Habitat3270isintheAtlanticbiogeographicregiondistributedfromDenmarktothenorthofPortugal,withahighproportion (67.6%) of the habitat area being in France. Improving the conservation status of thehabitatrequires implementationofmeasurestoreducewaterpollution, improvethewaterregimeandremovalofinvasivespeciesHabitatdescription

Muddyriverbanksonplaintosubmontanelevels,withannualpioneernitrophilousvegetationoftheChenopodion rubrip.p. and theBidentionp.p. alliances.During spring andat thebeginningof thesummer,sites look likemuddybankswithoutanyvegetation,buttheydevelop later intheyear. Iftheconditionsarenotfavourable,thisvegetationhasaweakdevelopmentorcouldbecompletelyabsent.DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

ThehabitathasadiscontinuousdistributionfromDenmarktothenorthofPortugal.ItoccursalsoinIreland,but is absent in theUnitedKingdom. It ismostwidelydistributed in France,which hosts67.6%ofthehabitatarea.Germanydidnotreportthehabitatarea.Quiteasignificantoccurrenceisin northwest Spain (Galicia), in other countries (Portugal, Ireland, Netherland and Denmark) thehabitatislessdistributed.

The representation of the habitat in Natura 2000 sites is quite high, the highest being in Ireland(91%),itisprotectedbythehighestnumberofNatura2000sitesinFrance(30)andinGermany(24).




/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 0.08 20.0 2Germany 12.60 24Denmark 0.0 2Spain 0.05 1.3 4France 17.00-18.00 63.0-66.7 30Ireland 1.10 91.1 7Netherlands 1.90 82.6 8Portugal 3UnitedKingdom ATLRegion 32.8-33.8 81.0-84.5 80



The overall conservation status of this habitat type in the Atlantic biogeographical region isunfavourable – bad with a negative overall qualifier due to the assessment of habitat area andstructureandfunctionsbyFrance.BesidesFrance,alsoGermanyassessedtheconservationstatusasunfavourable – bad, on the other hand, Ireland and Portugal reported a favourable conservationstatus.

Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedcomparedtothepreviousassessment(2001-2006). The change of the overall qualifier from stable to negative is not considered as agenuinechange.

Legend:MS–MemberState;Overallasses-Overallassessment;%MS–percentageofthesurfaceareaintherespectiveMemberStatecomparedtowholeBiogeographicalRegion;Ref.–referencevalue;Struct&func.-structure and functions; Future prosp. – future prospect; Curr. CS – current conservation status; Prev. CS –



previousconservationstatus;Nat.ofch.–natureofchange;EU27:assessmentonthe levelofallEUMemberCountries;Concl.–conclusion;Target1:-target1oftheEU2020BiodiversityStrategy.Conservationstatus FV Favourable U1 Unfavourable-inadequate U2 Unfavourable-bad XX UnknownTrend 0=stable;+=increase;-=decrease;x=unknownQualifier =stable;+positive;-negative;xunknownNatureofchange


Target1contribution



TheMemberStatesreportedalonglistofpressures.Tothemostimportantthreatsbelongpollutionof surface waters, modification of hydrographic functioning, human induced changes in hydraulicconditions,waterabstractionsfromsurfacewaters,andinvasivenon-nativespecies

The restoration or improvement of the hydrological regime is themain proposedmeasure.Otherhighlyneededmeasuresincludeimprovingthewaterquality,regulationoffisheryinalimnicsystemandotherwetland-relatedmeasures.Moregeneralmeasures likeestablishingprotectedareasandlegalprotectionofhabitatsandspeciesarementionedaswell.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UKA02 modificationofcultivationpractices M A04 grazing M A04.02.01 nonintensivecattlegrazing M A09 Irrigation M C01 Miningandquarrying M C01.01 Sandandgravelextraction M D02 Utilityandservicelines M D03 shippinglanes,ports,marineconstructions H D03.02 Shippinglanes M G01 Outdoorsportsandleisureactivities,recreationalactivities M H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters(limnic,terrestrial,marine,brackish) M H H01.01 pollutiontosurfacewatersbyindustrialplants M H02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) M I01 invasivenon-nativespecies M H M J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions H H J02.02.01 dredging/removaloflimnicsediments H J02.02.02 estuarineandcoastaldredging M J02.03 Canalisation&waterdeviation H H J02.04 Floodingmodifications H J02.04.02 lackofflooding H J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general H H J02.05.02 modifyingstructuresofinlandwatercourses M J02.06 Waterabstractionsfromsurfacewaters H J02.06.08 surfacewaterabstractionsfornavigation M

J02.10management of aquatic and bank vegetation for drainagepurposes M

J02.11.02 Othersiltationratechanges M J02.12.02 dykesandfloodingdefenseininlandwatersystems M J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity M



Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UKK02.01 speciescompositionchange(succession) H M K05 reducedfecundity/geneticdepression M M

Note:

Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PT UK2.1 Maintaininggrasslandsandotheropenhabitats M 4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures H H M H 4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality H H 4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H H M H H H 4.3 Managingwaterabstraction M 6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H H 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H H 7.2 Regulation/Managementoffisheryinlimnicsystems H 8.1 Urbanandindustrialwastemanagement H Legend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


Applyingthemethodologyto identifyLHFhabitats intheAtlanticregion,habitat3270reachedtheLHFscore28.76.ThishabitattypewasclassifiedasLHFespeciallybecausetoreachimprovement,thechangefromnegativetostabletrendwithinthecategoryU2(unfavourable-bad)issufficient.Itisnormallymucheasierto improveonatrendthantoreachanothercategory.Thehabitattypewasincluded toLHFalsobecauseof thehigh representationof thehabitat inNatura2000sites (morethan 80%) and the fact that the improvement of the trend of only one parameter (structure andfunctions)inonecountry(France)isneededtoreachoverallimprovement.


For the improvement of the overall conservation status in the Atlantic biogeographical region,especially improvement of structure and functions in France is needed. Three pressures areconsidered highly important in France: pollution of surface waters, human induced changes inhydraulicconditionsandinvasivenon-nativespecies.However,measurestoreducewaterpollution,improving thewater regimeand removalof invasivespeciesarequitedemandingmeasures.Theirimplementationcouldbethereforecomplicated.

SimilarmeasuresareneededinGermanyaswell.Inaddition,habitatrestorationisneededinFranceandimprovementofknowledgeisneededinSpain.

Links




91E0AlluvialforestswithAlnusglutinosaandFraxinusexcelsior(Alno-Padion,Alnionincanae,Salicionalbae)


Habitatsummary

TheoverallconservationstatusintheAtlanticregionisunfavourable-badanddeterioratingduetotheassessmentofstructureandfunctionsbyFrance.Fiveothercountriesreportedanunfavourable–badstatusaswell.Habitat91E0iswidespreadintheAtlanticbiogeographicregion,quitecommonin all countries except Denmark and Portugal with a high proportion (57.9%) being in France.Improvingtheconservationstatusofthehabitatespeciallyrequirestherestorationorimprovementof thewater regimeandadaptationof the forestrymanagement.Habitat restoration isneeded inmostcountries.Habitatdescription

Alluvial forests (91E0) include three types of vegetation which occur along river banks andwatercourses. Riparian forests dominated by alder (Alnus glutinosa) and riparian ash (Fraxinusexcelsior) andwillowgallery forestsofwillow (Salixalba, Salix fragilis)withpoplar (Populusnigra)can be found at lowlands and hills. Riparian woods with grey alder (Alnus incana) occupies sub-montane to sub-alpine rivers. All typesprefer periodically inundatedheavy soils (generally rich inalluvialdeposits)periodicallyinundatedbytheannualriseoftheriver(orbrook)level,butotherwisewell-drainedandaeratedduringlow-water.DistributionintheAtlanticregionandcoveragebyNatura2000network

Thehabitat type iswidespread in theAtlanticbiogeographicregion,quitecommon inallcountriesexcept Denmark and Portugal where it is rarer. France hosts the largest habitat area (57.9%).Despite thewidedistributionof thehabitat,quiteahighproportion (around50%) isprotectedbyNatura2000. Thehighestcoverageis intheNetherland(64.70%),butalso in Ireland(58.46%)andFrance(52.17-56.21%)morethanahalfofitsdistributionisprotected.




/km2/Coverage

/%/Numberofsites

Belgium 65.68-66.23 48.47 77Germany 50.31-62.49 244Denmark 1.10 27.5 20Spain 133.00 24.76 179France 600.00 52.17-56.21 262Ireland 10.46 58.46 30Netherlands 44.00 64.70 41Portugal UnitedKingdom 33.43 44.57 72ATLRegion 937.98-1,000.71 47.19-50.35 925

The table above shows the size of the habitat area in Natura2000 sites and its proportion compared to habitat area in thewholebiogeographic region (“coverage“)as reportedbyMS inthe2013Article17 report. Thenumberof siteswasextractedfromthe2015Natura2000database.


The conservation status of this habitat type is unfavourable - bad and deteriorating due to theassessmentof structureand functionsbyFrance. Fiveother countries reported anunfavourable–badstatusaswell,thehabitathasanunfavourable–inadequatestatusinSpainandtheNetherlandsandafavourablestatusinPortugal.ThehabitatareaisfavourableinDenmark,SpainandPortugal,inothercountriesitislowerthanthereferencevaluewhatindicatesaneedforhabitatrestoration.

Theoverallconservationstatusfortheregionhasnotchangedcomparedtothepreviousassessment(2001-2006), the change of the overall qualifier is not considered genuine. However, genuinechangesarereportedbyBelgium,Ireland(changeofoverallqualifierfromstabletopositivewithinU2)andtheUnitedKingdom(changeofoverallqualifierfrompositivetostablewithinU2)

Legend:MS–MemberState;Overallasses-Overallassessment;%MS–percentageofthesurfaceareaintherespectiveMemberStatecomparedtowholeBiogeographicalRegion;Ref.–referencevalue;Struct&func.-structure and functions; Future prosp. – future prospect; Curr. CS – current conservation status; Prev. CS –previousconservationstatus;Nat.ofch.–natureofchange;EU27:assessmentonthe levelofallEUMember



Countries;Concl.–conclusion;Target1:-target1oftheEU2020BiodiversityStrategy.Conservationstatus FV Favourable U1 Unfavourable-inadequate U2 Unfavourable-bad XX UnknownTrend 0=stable;+=increase;-=decrease;x=unknownQualifier =stable;+positive;-negative;xunknownNatureofchange


Target1contribution



A long list of pressures was reported by themember states. Inappropriate forest and plantationmanagementanduse(forestryclearance,removalofdeadtrees,forestexploitationandtreesurgeryincluded), human induced changes of the hydraulic regime (flooding modification and waterabstractions from groundwater), invasive species and anthropogenic reduction of habitatconnectivity were reported as pressures with high intensity. Another 29 pressures with mediumintensitywerereported.Several management measures were proposed by member states. Restoring/improving foresthabitats, adaptation of forest management and restoration or improvement of the hydrologicalregimewereidentifiedashighimportantbyalmostallcountries.Alsoestablishingofprotectedareasandwildernessareasbelongtohighlyimportantmeasures.

Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUKA01 Cultivation M A02 modificationofcultivationpractices M M A08 Fertilisation M B01 forestplantingonopenground M H B02 ForestandPlantationmanagement&use H M H MB02.02 forestryclearance H M M B02.04 removalofdeadanddyingtrees M H H B03 forestexploitationwithoutreplantingornaturalregrowth M M H MB06 grazinginforests/woodland MB07 Forestryactivitiesnotreferredtoabove M M C01 Miningandquarrying M D01 Roads,pathsandrailroads M M D03 shippinglanes,ports,marineconstructions M E01 Urbanisedareas,humanhabitation M M E02 Industrialorcommercialareas M E03 Discharges M G01.03.02off-roadmotorizeddriving M G05.06 treesurgery,fellingforpublicsafety,removalofroadsidetrees M H G05.07 missingorwronglydirectedconservationmeasures M H01 Pollutiontosurfacewaters(limnic&terrestrial,marine&brackish) M MH02 Pollutiontogroundwater(pointsourcesanddiffusesources) M M H04 Airpollution,air-bornepollutants M MI01 invasivenon-nativespecies M M M M H HI02 problematicnativespecies M J02 humaninducedchangesinhydraulicconditions M H HJ02.03 Canalisation&waterdeviation M J02.04 Floodingmodifications H H J02.04.02 lackofflooding M J02.05 Modificationofhydrographicfunctioning,general H H H J02.05.02 modifyingstructuresofinlandwatercourses M M



Code Pressurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUKJ02.07 Waterabstractionsfromgroundwater H M M H M J02.10 managementofaquaticandbankvegetationfordrainage M M J02.12.01 seadefenseorcoastprotectionworks,tidalbarrages M J02.12.02 dykesandfloodingdefenseininlandwatersystems M J03 Otherecosystemmodifications M J03.02 anthropogenicreductionofhabitatconnectivity H H K01 abiotic(slow)naturalprocesses M K03.03 introductionofdisease(microbialpathogens) M K04 Interspecificfloralrelations MK04.02 parasitism(flora) M L08 inundation(naturalprocesses) M Note: Code Measurename BE DEDK ES FR IE NL PTUK1.1 Nomeasuresneededfortheconservationofthehabitat/species M 1.2 Measuresneeded,butnotimplemented M M M3.0 Otherforestry-relatedmeasures M M3.1 Restoring/improvingforesthabitats H H M M H H M H3.2 Adaptforestmanagement H H H M M M4.0 Otherwetland-relatedmeasures H M M 4.1 Restoring/improvingwaterquality M H M4.2 Restoring/improvingthehydrologicalregime H M M H H M6.0 Otherspatialmeasures M M6.1 Establishprotectedareas/sites H H M M6.2 Establishingwildernessareas/allowingsuccession H H H 6.3 Legalprotectionofhabitatsandspecies H H MLegend: L Lowintensity M Mediumintensity H Highintensity


ThehabitattypewasselectedforthefirstAtlanticseminarbecauseofitshighvalueonthePriorityIndex.Habitat91E0reachedscore135becauseofhighvaluesforbothcriteriaAandB.Thehabitatoccursinninecountries(criterionA).Unfavourable-badoverallconservationstatusarereportedbyfour countries,unfavourable - inadequate statusby twocountries (Germanyand theNetherlands)andanunknownstatuswasreportedbyonecountry(Spain)(criterionB).

ThePriorityIndexwascalculatedusinginformationfromthereportsofMemberStatesbasedonrequirementsoftheArticle17oftheHabitatsDirectivefortheperiod2001-2006.Itisbasedonthreeparameters:A)NumberofMemberStateswherehabitattypeispresent;B)Unfavourableconservationstatusofthehabitattype(U2–2points;U1&XX–1pointeach),andC)Trendinformation:numberofnegativetrendsforparameters“Areaof the habitat type” and qualifiers for “Structure & functions”. The index is then calculated using formula:A*(B+C).


ForimprovementofthehabitatconservationstatusintheAtlanticbiogeographicregion,especiallyimprovement of the structure and functions in France is needed, but it is necessary in all othercountries (probablyexceptPortugal)aswell.Restorationor improvementofthewaterregimeandadaptationoftheforestrymanagementarethemostimportantmeasurestobeapplied.Asuitablehydrological regime is crucial for this habitat type, relevant measures for its maintenance orrestorationincludestoppingoperationaldrainagesystemsdirectlyinthehabitatand/orinthelargerfluvial system. Other important measures are forestry measures. They should contribute todiversifyingof thestandstructurebycuttingoutnon-indigenous treesor theirgroups,but leaving



layingwood;small-scaleselective,gaporshelterwoodcuttingsecuringcontinuousforestcovercanbeapplied.Gradualconversionof forestplantations tostandsofmorediversestructure isneededtoo.Habitatrestorationisneededinmostcountries.Theestablishmentofprotectedsitescanbealsousefulforboth91E0maintenanceandrestoration.

Links

http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article17/reports2012/habitat/summary/?period=3&group=Forests&subject=91E0&region=ATL

Documents

Natura 2000 Seminars - European Commissionec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/platform/documents/at… · Littorella, Lobelia dortmana or Isoetes. Not all zones may not be