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Introduction to NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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NATO - Overview

What is NATO?

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

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What is NATO?

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A political & military organization

Member countries work together

Sharing common values

The principle of collective defense

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Member countries

1952 Greece, Turkey

1955 Germany

1982 Spain

1999 Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland

Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia

Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom, United States

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1999

1982

1955

1952

1949

2004

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6Where is NATO headquarters?

Brussels, Belgium

7What language is spoken at NATO?

Two languages are “official”- English and French

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Introduction to NATO

NATO’s Beginnings…

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) started as a military alliance consisting of the United States, Canada, and 14 countries in Europe.

Formed in 1949, NATO was set up to discourage an attack by the Soviet Union on the non-Communist nations of North America and Europe.

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(NATO counties, 1950)

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The Cold War…

After World War II ended, a distrust developed between Communist countries, led by the Soviet Union, and non-Communist nations, led by the United States.

This rivalry became known as the “Cold War.”

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Collective Defense:

An armed attack against one or more members is considered as an attack against all

Article 5 -

14NATO’s Purpose Changes:

Cold War – Defend each other against Communist threat (1945)

End Cold War- fall of Communism in Europe & Soviet Union (1989)

Provide security and intervene in regional conflicts, when needed (today)

15What does NATO do?

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Protects people

Forges partnerships

Builds peace and stability

Combats new threats5.

16A political & military organization

DIALOGUEDIPLOMACY

COOPERATION

A Political Alliance…

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Sharing common values

OVERVIEW WHAT IS NATO?

peace and stability

freedomcommon heritage

democracy

18A political & military organization

COLLECTIVEDEFENSE

CRISIS MANAGEMENTOPERATIONS

MAINTAINING

ADEQUATE MILITARY

CAPABILITIES

A military alliance

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A definition of security

Political

Economic

Social

Environmental

Military

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Introduction to NATO

NATO at WORK…

21Promotes dialogue & cooperation

Prevents conflicts through diplomacy

23Helps to rebuild world areas

in need

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Direct contributions from Member Nations

Voluntary Individuals’ contributions

Paying for NATO?

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Introduction to NATO

A Changing NATO…

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Crisis missions

Afghanistan Kosovo Iraq

Darfur (Sudan) Iraq

Natural disaster relief efforts

Refugee crises forest fires floods

earthquakes, etc.

Building peace and stability

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How Does NATO Work?

28Consensus decision-making

An internationalorganizationwhere decisions are discussed and voted on by each member country

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Working to jointly plan military operations…

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Member Nations Commit Troops to NATO Missions

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Military or Relief Missions Carried Out

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NATO-Partner cooperation against terrorism

- intelligence-sharing- cooperation in border security- training exercises

Actions Against Terrorism

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Peacekeep force, June 1999

NATO air campaign (Operation Allied

Force)

NATO in Kosovo

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International Security Assistance Force

Since 2003

Provides security for aid workers

Helps reconstruction work

NATO in Afghanistan

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NATO TRAINING MISSION – IRAQ

trains personnel from Iraqi security forces

& coordinates offers of equipment and

training from individual NATO and partner

Countries

NATO TRAINING MISSION

Trains personnel from Iraqi security forces

& coordinates equipment

from NATO partners,

since 2004

NATO in Iraq

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Members agree to assist Sudan by providing:

- training for military

- civilian relief

NATO in Sudan

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Consultation on:- struggle against terrorism- crisis management- non-proliferation- arms control & confidence-building measures- theatre missile defence- search & rescue at sea- military-to-military cooperation & defence reform- civil emergencies- new threats & challenges

Defence reform Consultation on

- struggle against terrorism- crisis management- arms control - search & rescue at sea- natural emergencies

NATO-Russia Council