Are Nano Particles in Are Nano Particles in Sunscreen Endangering Sunscreen Endangering

Our Health?Our Health?

Presented By: Presented By: Patricia Candrea and Patricia Candrea and

Megan ChiMegan Chi

What Are Nano Particles? What Are Nano Particles?

Named for their small size.Named for their small size. Nanometer: billionth of a meter. Nanometer: billionth of a meter. Roughly 100,000 times smaller that the Roughly 100,000 times smaller that the

width of a human hair.width of a human hair. Assembled through rearranging the Assembled through rearranging the

atoms. atoms. Smaller than anything that is put into Smaller than anything that is put into

commercial products. commercial products.

Where are Nano Where are Nano Particles? Particles?

FoodFood Cosmetics Cosmetics SunscreenSunscreen ClothingClothing ToysToys And other everyday And other everyday

productsproducts

THE THE DANGEROUS DANGEROUS

SIDESIDE

What Makes them Dangerous?What Makes them Dangerous?

Big Problem:Big Problem: common substances common substances behave in uncommon ways.behave in uncommon ways.

No one really knows what they do inside No one really knows what they do inside the body or environment.the body or environment.

Have an enormous surface to volume Have an enormous surface to volume ratio making them biologically active. ratio making them biologically active.

Which Nano Particles Are Which Nano Particles Are in Sunscreen? in Sunscreen?

Titanium DioxideTitanium Dioxide Zinc OxideZinc Oxide

Titanium Dioxide Zinc Oxide

Why Is Titanium Dioxide Why Is Titanium Dioxide Dangerous? Dangerous?

Link to Various Disorders like: Link to Various Disorders like: Autistic DisordersAutistic Disorders EpilepsyEpilepsy Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease

When injected into pregnant mice it caused When injected into pregnant mice it caused gene changes. gene changes.

Why Is Zinc Oxide Why Is Zinc Oxide Dangerous?Dangerous?

Can kill important brain stem cells in mice Can kill important brain stem cells in mice (injected with zinc oxide).(injected with zinc oxide).

Toxic to colon cells even in small Toxic to colon cells even in small amounts . amounts .

Why Is It Dangerous to Have Why Is It Dangerous to Have Nano Particles In Nano Particles In

Sunscreen?Sunscreen?

Penetrate the skin leaching into the Penetrate the skin leaching into the bloodstream, tissues, cells, and organs. bloodstream, tissues, cells, and organs.

Photo Active: Produce free radicals Photo Active: Produce free radicals causing DNA damage to human skin causing DNA damage to human skin cells when exposed to UV light. cells when exposed to UV light.

Can cress into human placentas from Can cress into human placentas from mother to unborn fetuses. mother to unborn fetuses.

Why Add Nano Particles?Why Add Nano Particles?

Makes the sun-blocking ingredients go Makes the sun-blocking ingredients go on “cosmetically clear” instead of white. on “cosmetically clear” instead of white.

THE SAFE SIDE THE SAFE SIDE

Why Are They Safe?Why Are They Safe?

Organic, natural occurring nanoparticlesOrganic, natural occurring nanoparticles Ivy nanoparticles are more uniform than Ivy nanoparticles are more uniform than

the metal-based nanoparticles, and have the metal-based nanoparticles, and have unique material properties, which help unique material properties, which help enhance the absorption and scattering of enhance the absorption and scattering of light, and serve as a sun-blocker.light, and serve as a sun-blocker.

Ivy Nano Particle Ivy Nano Particle PropertiesProperties

Easily biodegradable Easily biodegradable Less toxic to mammalian cellsLess toxic to mammalian cells More adhesive More adhesive

Are They Dangerous?Are They Dangerous?

To date, the current weight of evidence To date, the current weight of evidence suggests that titanium dioxide and zinc suggests that titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles do not reach viable oxide nanoparticles do not reach viable skin cells; they remain on the surface of skin cells; they remain on the surface of the skin and outer layer of the skin.the skin and outer layer of the skin.

Nano particles of zinc and titanium do not Nano particles of zinc and titanium do not penetrate the skin enough to pose a penetrate the skin enough to pose a potential hazard potential hazard

Are the Dangers of Are the Dangers of Sunscreen Related to Nano Sunscreen Related to Nano

Particles?Particles? The Biggest sunscreen safety hazards The Biggest sunscreen safety hazards

are not related to nanoparticles.are not related to nanoparticles. They are the chemicals, which are They are the chemicals, which are

absorbed by the skin and end up the in absorbed by the skin and end up the in the blood stream.the blood stream.

Stick to the sunscreens that have Stick to the sunscreens that have titanium dioxide and zinc. titanium dioxide and zinc.

Distribution of Nano Particles (after application on Distribution of Nano Particles (after application on surface of skin) in the Subcutaneous tissue layer…surface of skin) in the Subcutaneous tissue layer…

After 8 Hours…After 8 Hours…

After 20 Hours ..After 20 Hours ..

Interesting Facts Interesting Facts

The FDA has known for a decade that almost The FDA has known for a decade that almost half the sunscreens used contain substances half the sunscreens used contain substances that accelerate the growth of skin cancer cells.that accelerate the growth of skin cancer cells.

France, Germany, the U.K., and European France, Germany, the U.K., and European Parliament have begun to require everything Parliament have begun to require everything from safety testing and mandatory labeling of from safety testing and mandatory labeling of the nanoparticles.the nanoparticles.

Environmental Impacts Environmental Impacts

In a study bacteria’s cell walls were damage In a study bacteria’s cell walls were damage after adding 10 to 100 milligrams per liter of the after adding 10 to 100 milligrams per liter of the nanosubstance.nanosubstance.

According to the study the nanosubstance According to the study the nanosubstance damaged the bacteria’s functionality.damaged the bacteria’s functionality.

Microbes uses include: removing amonia from Microbes uses include: removing amonia from waste water treatment plants, cleaning up toxic waste water treatment plants, cleaning up toxic waste and reduce phosphorus in lakes. waste and reduce phosphorus in lakes.

Works Cited Works Cited

<http://www.aolnews.com/nanotech/article/more-bad-news-about-sunscreens-<http://www.aolnews.com/nanotech/article/more-bad-news-about-sunscreens-nanoparticles/19500193> nanoparticles/19500193>

<http://www.emagazine.com/view/?4723> <http://www.emagazine.com/view/?4723> <http://www.health101.org/art_nanotech.htm> <http://www.health101.org/art_nanotech.htm> http://www.tga.gov.au/npmeds/sunscreen-zotd.htm http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1893903/english_ivy_could_make_sunscreen_safer_more_e

ffective/index.html http://eco-chick.com/2008/06/1171/nanoparticles-in-sunscreen-what-they-are-how-to-avoid-them/ http://www.tga.gov.au/npmeds/sunscreen-zotd.pdfhttp://www.tga.gov.au/npmeds/sunscreen-zotd.pdf http://www.momsteam.com/health-safety/consumer-reports-poll-27-parents-kids-under-12-http://www.momsteam.com/health-safety/consumer-reports-poll-27-parents-kids-under-12-

apply-sunscreen-rarely-neverapply-sunscreen-rarely-never http://www.cancer.org.au/cancersmartlifestyle/SunSmart/nanoparticles_sunscreen.htmhttp://www.cancer.org.au/cancersmartlifestyle/SunSmart/nanoparticles_sunscreen.htm http://www.ewg.org/2010sunscreen/faqs-2010/#question_30http://www.ewg.org/2010sunscreen/faqs-2010/#question_30 http://cdn125bohzgj.bluehatnetwork.com/images/stories/extreme-diagram.jpghttp://cdn125bohzgj.bluehatnetwork.com/images/stories/extreme-diagram.jpg http://www.cosmeticsdatabase.com/images/skin_uv.jpghttp://www.cosmeticsdatabase.com/images/skin_uv.jpg http://www.jnanobiotechnology.com/content/8/1/12http://www.jnanobiotechnology.com/content/8/1/12 https://www.badgerbalm.com/t-SPF_tech.aspxhttps://www.badgerbalm.com/t-SPF_tech.aspx