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Muscles of the Forearm

Dr. Sama ul Haque

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Objectives

Identify the muscles in the anterior and posteriorcompartments of the forearm in terms of their origin,insertion, nerve supply and actions.

Know the neurovascular structures in the anterior andposterior compartments of the forearm.

Discuss the functions of the muscles in the anterior

and posterior compartment of the forearm.

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Functional

organization

of

Anterior and

posterior

Compartments of

forearm.

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Names of the Muscles of forearm

Long names: good guide to location and function

Location: ie. superficial / deep

radial / ulnar

Function: ie. flexor / extensor

adductor / abductor

Does it act on the thumb (pollux) or the fingers(digits)?

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Functional Organization

Anterior compartment flexor / pronator

Posterior Compartment extensor /supinator

Flex the wrist [flexor] Extend the wrist ..[extensor]

Pronate the forearm ..[pronator]

Acting on wrist (carpus) only [carpi] Acting on fingers ..[digiti / digitorum]

Acting on thumb (pollux) [pollicus]

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Flexion / Extension at the wrist joint.

Flexion

Extension

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Adduction / abduction at the wrist joint.

Adduction Abduction

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Movements of fingers.

Metacarpophalangeal (condyloid joints):flexion / extension and abduction / adduction

Interphalangeal (hinge joints): flexion / extension

XX

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Movements of the thumba specialized digit, occur at

right angles to the fingers. Mainly at the Carpometacarpal

(saddle) joint. MCPcondyloid; IPhinge (like fingers).

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Radius

andUlna

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Radius

and

Ulna

(Pronated)

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Muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm

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Muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm

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Anterior Compartment of forearm

Superficial:

Common flexor origin

Pronator Teres

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Palmaris Longus

Flexor Digitorum

Superficialis,

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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Functional organization:

Only flex at the wrist.

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris

Anterior Compartment of forearm

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Anterior Compartment of forearm

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Deep Dissection Forearm (Anterior)

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Neurovasculature of Anterior Compartment of forearm

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Muscles of the posterior compartment of forearm

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Muscles of the posterior compartment of forearm

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Muscles of the posterior compartment of forearm

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Muscles

ofForearm

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Anconeus

Muscles of the

Forearm (Post. View)

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Posterior Forearm (Superficial dissection)

Nerve Supply

Radial Nerve

Anatomical snuff box

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Deep Posterior Compartment

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Extensor Indicis

Supinator

Functional Organization: Extend Hand At Wrist

Extend / Abduct Thumb Extend Index Finger

Supinate

D Di ti F (P t i )

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Deep Dissection Forearm (Posterior)

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Superior and Inferior radioulnar Joints

Superior radioulnar Joint: Head of radius articulates with radial notch of ulna

Type: Pivot joint).

It is held in place by the annular ligament.

Radio-ulnar articulation is stabilized by interosseousmembrane.

Inferior radioulnar Joint:

S i ti d P ti

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Supination and Pronation

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C f di l d l t i i f

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Course of radial and ulnar arteries in forearm

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Neurovasculature (deep).

Lateral:

-radial artery- radial nerve

Midline:

- median nerve

- anterior interosseus a.- anterior interosseus n.

(deep branch of median)

Medial:- ulnar artery(gives off common interosseus artery

divides into anterior and posterior

branches)

- ulner nerve

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Neurovasculature.

Radial nerve and its branches supply

all muscles in posterior compartment,

including Brachioradialis (!).

- superficial radial nerve

- deep radial nerve

- posterior interosseous nerve.

Posterior interosseous artery runsbetween superficial and deep muscles

&

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Radial & Ulnar Arteries

mediallateral

Ulnar artery

Common interosseous

Anterior

Posterior

Dorsal and palmer

carpal branches

Radial artery

superficial (deep)palmar archesDeep (superficial)

palmar arches

Dorsal and palmer

carpal branches

RELATION OF ARTERIES

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RELATION OF ARTERIES,

NERVES AND TENDONS

AT THE WRIST NANAN

Superficial Radial Nerve

Radial ArteryMedian Nerve

Ulnar Artery

Ulnar Nerve

1. Brachioradialis

2. Superficial Radial n.

3. Radial Artery

4. Flexor Carpi Radialis

5. Median Nerve

6. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

7. Ulnar Artery

8. Ulnar Nerve

9. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

MOVING LATERAL TO MEDIAL

1-9

Thumb

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