Multi component Nanoparticle Based Lubricant Additive to ... · Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Efficiency And ... ¾Weak inter-planner bonds: ... Multi component Nanoparticle

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MultiMulti--component Nanoparticle component Nanoparticle Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Efficiency And Durability in EnginesEfficiency And Durability in Engines

Dr. Dr. Atanu AdhvaryuAtanu Adhvaryu (PI)(PI)Caterpillar Inc.Caterpillar Inc.

“This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information”

DOE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM ANNUAL MERIT REVIEWFeb 27, 2008Feb 27, 2008


• Purpose of work• Barriers• Approach• Performance Measures and

Accomplishments• Plans for Next Fiscal Year• Summary

OutlineOutline


Purpose of WorkPurpose of Work

Material selection criteria for improving boundary lubrication at the asperity contact zone

Designing of active nano particulate lubricant. Size and pressure sensitive architecture capable of delivering stable transfer layer


Prevent progressive wear, lower friction and improve efficiency and durability in engines

Additive system for lubricants that will minimize sulfur and phosphorus content and lower ash forming elements

Advanced lubrication technology for cleaner emission

BarriersBarriers


ApproachApproach

Very close communication/consultation with team members

Nano LubricantDevelopment

Bench-top Friction & Wear

Testing

CharacterizationWorn surfaceComposition & Chemistry

Component levelTesting

Phase 2

Phase 1


ApproachApproachTop down particle architecture

Multi-component

Surface stabilization and dispersion

Advanced 2-phase nanomaterial

MS2 nano tube IF-MS2 (fullerene structure)

Conventional nanomaterials


Nanoparticles entering most intricate geometries

abrasive particles

sheared transfer layers arranged on the surface for boundary layer lubrication

At high load few nanoparticles will shear into intrinsic layers and few will trap abrasive wear particles

10 nm

Particles are not depleted in low load environment

Lubrication ProcessLubrication Process


Identify a manufacturing friendly process for nanoparticle development

Develop a parametric window for particle generation with reasonable particle size distribution

Transfer layer mechanism of nanoparticles in tribological system

Physical / chemical understanding of particle stabilization

Technical Accomplishments Technical Accomplishments (till date)(till date)


Processing methodEffect of environmentMorphology and shapeSurface energyStabilization

Particle ArchitectureParticle Architecture

Particle size distribution

Particle size w/time


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

270 275 280 285 290 295 300

Binding Energy (eV)

Cou

nts/

Sec

As-available particle

48 hrs unstabilized particle

48 hrs stabilized particle

48 hrs stabilized particle-Centrifu.

287.1 & 287.5 eV for C-O & C=O peaks

289.1 eV for O-C=O peak

XPS analysisXPS analysis

Unstabilized nanoparticle in oil

Stabilized nanoparticle in oil

Particle StabilityParticle Stability


Technical AdvantagesTechnical Advantages

Absence of dangling bond: makes them chemically inert (oxidn & thermal)

Nanometric size: allows them to easily enter the contact area

Weak inter-planner bonds: delamination under high contact stress


Pressure sensitive architecture

Exfoliation of external lamellar sheet

Transfer of lamellar sheet (active component) to the contact zone

Hertzian contact(pressure and shearing)

Lubrication MechanismLubrication Mechanism


0.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

MoS2-h

ybrid C1 C2 C3

MoS2+

C2(Hy)

MoS2+

C2(Hy1

)

Mea

n C

oeff

of fr

ictio

n

Tribology of nanoTribology of nano--lubricantslubricantsBOR wear test; unidirectionalBOR wear test; unidirectional

0.000

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

2-comp (w

/B) C1 C2 C3MoS2+

C2(Hy)MoS2+

C2(Hy1)

Mea

n W

ear V

ol (m

m3)

Nano materials highly effective in reducing friction & wear


Project milestones Oct'07 - Dec'07 Jan'08 - Mar'08 Apr'08 - Jun'08 Jul'08 - Sep'08 Oct'08 - Dec'08 Jan'09 - Mar'09 Apr'09 - Jun'09 Jul'09 - Sep'09 Selection of application specif ic chemical components for active nanoparticle system Design, develop and optimization of process parameters for active multi-component nanolubricant materials

Project kickoff(October 1, 2007)

♣

♦♥

♠

♣ Primary particle identification

♦ Process

♥ Film transfer mechanism

♠ Stabilization

(Feb 2008)

Accomplishments & Milestones Accomplishments & Milestones (till date)(till date)


Technology to reduce friction and mechanical energy losses in engine: potentially improve efficiencyEnvironmental benefits by reducing green house gases and other emissions due to decreased fuel consumptionOffers a roadmap to more eco-friendly technology with potential for low SAPSProcess scale-up, cost analysis and nano-manufacturing considerations for product realization (included in project task)

Technology TransferTechnology Transfer


Continue material selection criteria for improving lubrication (Mar’08)

Organic-inorganic material selectionRight boundary film chemical selection

Continue designing of active nanomaterials (Jul’08)Enhance particle architectureOptimize process conditionsOptimize particle stabilization and dispersion mechanism

Systematic physical and chemical characterization (Jul’08)

Lab testing to validate lubrication characteristics (Sep’08)Design test method & post-test analysis

Future WorkFuture Work (milestone date)


Advanced lubrication for engine with potential to reduce friction and wear characteristics and low SAPSNovel nanomaterial based technology with active organic-inorganic particle architectureIdentified a manufacture friendly process for nano-particle generation. Understand transfer layer mechanism and particle stabilization processOffers a nanomaterial technology for low friction / wear in engine with cost and scale-up analysisContinue material selection and optimize design process. Lab validation of lubrication characteristics of active nanomaterials

SummarySummary

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Multi component Nanoparticle Based Lubricant Additive to ... · Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Efficiency And ... ¾Weak inter-planner bonds: ... Multi component Nanoparticle