MODULE 3 SPEAKING SKILLS(1) Social Conversation Skills (2) Starting a Conversation: Greetings (3) Introducing Oneself and Others (4) Apologizing and Excusing (5) Asking for and Giving Information (6) Agreeing and Disagreeing (7) Inviting – Accepting and Declining

Invitations (8) Expressing Likes and Dislikes Complimenting

‘ To speak’ and ‘To speak well’ are two things. A

fool may talk but, a wise man SPEAKS

(1) Social Conversation Skills (2) Starting a Conversation: Greetings (3) Introducing Oneself and Others (4) Apologizing and Excusing (5) Asking for and Giving Information (6) Agreeing and Disagreeing (7) Inviting – Accepting and Declining

Invitations (8) Expressing Likes and Dislikes

Complimenting

Content

7%

38%

55%

What Are Speaking Skills?

• Verbal (words spoken)

• Vocal (tone, range, appeal, credibility of voice)

• Visual (physical appearance, gestures, eye contact)

To Speak

To Speak.

To Speak

Speaking consist of 3 parts

“The man who can think and does not know how to express what he thinks is at the level of him who cannot think.”

WHY

The Origin Point (Where the audience was)

Why to Speak

PersuasionThe Key Point

(Where you took them)

• Not just “presentation”, but also “persuasion” (let the people believe)

• Get people’s “mindshare”

What to Speak

1. Brain storming: Individual Brainstorming is the process of

you getting your ideas out on paper2. Speaking with the format: IBC :- I- Introduction, B- Body, C- Conclusion, 3. Aiming to persuasion : Being Confident and passionate is the key for

persuasion 4. Perfect Clarity of thoughts:

Speak like a STAR S= Situation

T= Task

A= Attitude

R= Result

How to Speak

Three E’s of speaking

• Entertainingly • Effectively • Enthusiastically

Commanding yet friendly voice Perfect clarity of language, thoughts and

ideas. Listener Friendly Comprising of wit and humour Avoiding Monotony Creating a bond between speaker and

listener

Salient Features of Speaking

Speed Clarity Punctuation Pronunciation Familiarity Fluency Expressions

Guidelines

Study the problems faced by the speakers Understand basic public speaking skills. Identify ways to improve public speaking

skills through practice.

Learning Objectives

Types of Special Occasion where we

have to speak: Introductio

n Presentation

Informative

Gossips

Commemorative

Speaking skills:

Give us the ability to communicate effectively.

Allow the speaker, to convey his message in a thoughtful, and convincing manner.

help us to assure that the listener is not misunderstanding us.

phobia (75% of the population) We have a fear of being laughed at. Time pressure. Lack of vocabulary. Pronunciation. Grammar mistakes

Problems faced during speaking

Tips to effective public speaking Understand the purpose Clear & concise Be prepared

• Don’t talk too fast• Use variety of tones of voice• Be relaxed and confident

What to do before speaking?

1. Be an active listener:2. Be a quick organizer of thoughts:3. Structure your speech in your mind::

Speaking Skills: 

Know your audience.Interact with your audience.Speak with sincerity and passion.FluencyTalk to the entire group.  Encourage feedback. 

Close your speech in a memorable way.

Micro-skills:

1- Pronounce the distinctive sounds 2- Use the correct forms of words. 3- Put words together in correct word order.4- Use vocabulary appropriately.5- Use the language that is appropriate

How to improve these skills

Practice where you can, when you can: It's important to build your confidence. Try to experiment with the English you

know. Try to respond to what people say to you. Try NOT to translate into and from your own

language. Don't speak too fast! Try to relax. speaking English less hesitant and more

confident.

“A gossip is one who talks to you about others; a bore is one who talks to you about himself; and a brilliant conversationalist is one who talks to you about yourself”.

One of the biggest challenges for someone with social anxiety is starting conversations and keeping them going.

1. Conversation Skills

This is especially true when feeling anxious. On the other hand, some anxious people talk too much, which can have a negative impression on others.

It is normal to struggle a bit when you are trying to make small talk, because it is not always easy to think of things to say.

What is Conversation?

Speaking and listening in a sequence.Oral exchange of sentiments,

observations, opinions and ideas.Social Context: informal talk in which

people exchange views, feelings and thoughts.

Professional Context: formal discussion of an issue by representatives of institutions/groups.

Element of InformalityElement of informality distinguishes

conversation from debates, public speaking, negotiations or business discussions.

Relaxed and friendly without being restricted by rules of correct behavior.

Spontaneous, friendly and casual.Employed for creating friendly

togetherness.

Social ConversationExpresses desire to establish a sociable

atmosphere.Shares feelings of togetherness, rather than

communicate ideas or any specific meaning.Phatic communion-a type of speech in

which group of union are created by a mere exchange of words.

The togetherness of the talking, is the most important element in social conversation, the subject matter is only secondary.

Social Conversation Phatic utterances are used to break

silence. Purpose is to initiate conversation.

Eg: it was a pleasure meeting you/How are your parents?/ Do come again/how do you do?/take care/nice morning, isn’t it?

*Phatic: used to convey general sociability rather than communicating a specific meaning.

Art of Managing Negative Responses

Show that you do not doubt the positive intentions of the other person.

Use expressions such as “ you are right, but…..”

When in conversation we notice the signs and cues of doubt, disagreement or rejection, we should pause and summarize whatever has been so far discussed and ask the other person whether the summary is correct. The acceptance of summary is first act of agreeing with you.

Art of Managing Negative Responses

Use this psychological positivity for further agreement by asking what should be done further.

Look for concern and feelings of other person and ensure they are fully taken care by you.

Never get frustrated or angry when you confront rejection and disagreement.

How to break Ice through Small Talk?Compliment others about what they are

wearing, saying or doing.Ask others about things they told you in

previous conversations.Be ready to ask open ended questions to

learn more.Be enthusiastic about other people’s

interests.Tell others something interesting or

challenging about what you do.

Present main ideas first and then add supporting details.

Accept a person’s right to be an individual with different ideas and beliefs.

Reintroduce yourself to someone who is likely to have forgotten your name.

Start and end conversation with the person’s name and a handshake or warm greeting.

Finding Things to Talk About

Remark on the location or occasion. Look around and see if there is anything worth pointing out. Examples of location or occasion comments: "This is a gorgeous room!", "Such incredible catering!", "I love this view!", or "Great dog!"

Ask an open-ended question. Most people love to talk

about themselves; it's your place as the conversation starter to get them going. An open question requires an explanation for an answer rather than just a simple yes or no. Open questions tend to begin with who, when, what, why, where, and how, whereas closed questions tend to start with do, have, and is/am/are.

Closed questions: "Do you like books?", "Have you ever been to this university?", "Is spring your favorite season?", "Am I intruding?", and "Do you come here often?"

Open questions: "What sort of books do you like?", "What did you study here at this university?", "Which is your favorite season? Why?", "What are you doing right now?", and "Where's your usual watering hole?"

Draw on previous discussions. If you know the person, review a mental list of

topics you’ve discussed previously and continue on one of them. For example, their kid’s milestone, one of their projects, or some bad news that they shared with you. This not only gives you something to talk about, but it also shows that you pay attention when you talk to them and you care about their problems and experiences enough to think about and remember them.

Be sensitive to their feelings. Keep your questions non-invasive. Be sure

you're not asking them questions about topics they'd rather not discuss. For example, some people might be very uncomfortable discussing issues that they feel touch on them personally, such as weight, lack of having a degree or qualifications, lack of having a steady date, etc. Try to be as thoughtful as possible even though you don't really know them yet.

How to Apologize/Excuse Oneself in English There is an old English phrase ‘Manners maketh

man’. This means that displaying good manners and being polite to those around you can make you a better person.

British people are commonly stereotyped for having good manners, sometimes to a point of being ‘too polite’; apologizing for things excessively, and sometimes when they are not at fault.

Choosing the right words to apologize or excuse oneself can be tough. The famous singer-songwriter Elton John expressed this as he sang ‘Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word’. Our How To is here to help you find the right words to say.

Saying Sorry in English

The most common way of apologizing in English is by saying ‘sorry’ or ‘I’m sorry’. You can make your apology more emphatic by using adverbs, such as ‘very, so, terribly’.

For example

I’m so sorry… I’m terribly sorry…

To explain why you are sorry you have to add ‘for’ or ‘about.

For example

I’m really sorry for taking your lunch Steve. Terribly sorry about what I said last night.

Warning! ‘Sorry’ is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot say ‘I sorry’.

You can say sorry without using the words ‘I’m sorry’ by using the verb ‘to apologize’; to express regret for something that you have done wrong.

For example

I apologize for my terrible behavior.I’d like to apologize for pushing you over.I really must apologize for my bad manners.

Excusing Oneself in English

We use ‘sorry’ to apologize after we have done something wrong. If you think a future action may upset someone else, you can say ‘excuse me’.

We can excuse ourselves in the following situations:

When interrupting, approaching, or leaving someone. For example Excuse me, do you have the time? Excuse me, can I reach across you to get my bag? Excuse me, can you show me the way to the Science

Museum? Please excuse me for a moment while I make a quick

phone call.

ASKING FOR AND GIVING PERSONAL

INFORMATION

ACHIEVEMENTS learning about how to ask and give personal information.

MY PERSONAL INFORMATION….

What’s your first name? My first name is Jorge What’s your middle name? my middle name is Armando What’s your last name? my last name is Nuñez What’s your full name? my full name is Jorge Armando Nuñez M. How old are you? I am 25 years old. What do you do? I am a teacher.

Where are you from? I am from santa marta, colombia. Where do you live? I live in Mamatoco. Who do you live with? I live with my parents. when is your birthday? my birthday is on the 11/july/ 1987 What’s your favourite colour? my favourite colour is blue. What’s your favourite animal? my favourite animal is the dog. What’s your cell phone number? my cell phone number is 300 593 587

LET’S SEE A VIDEO…….

LET’S PRACTICE…….

What’s your middle name? A. my full name is Jorge Armando Nuñez

MB. my last name is Nuñez C. my middle name is Armando

Who do you live with?A. I live in Mamatoco.B. I live with my parents.C. I am 25 years old

What’s your first name?A. My first name is JorgeB. my last name is NuñezC. I am a teacher

What do you do?A. I live in MamatocoB. I am 25 years old.C. I am a teacher

How old are you?A. I have 24 old.B. I am 24 years old.C. I have 24 years.

What’s your full name?A. My full name is jorgeB. My full name are Juan Núñez olivella C. My full name is Juan Núñez olivella

Where are you from?A. I am of santa marta, colombiaB. I have from santa marta.C. I am from santa marta, colombia.

Where do you live?A. I life in las Americas.B. I live in Rodadero C. I live is Rodadero

when is your birthday?A. They are on 11/july/ 87.B. My birthday is on the 11/july/87.C. My birthday are on the 11/july/87.

What’s your favourite colour?A. I dont know.B. My your colour is black.C. My favourite colour is blue.

What’s your last name?A. My last name is Armando.B. My last name is Nuñez.C. My last name is Jorge.

What’s your cell phone number?A. My number is 4225588.B. My cell phone number is 3005468954C. My phone is 3002225655

CONVERSATIONA: Hello, good morning Peter!! How’s it going?B: I’m well !! thanks !! and you? A: So far, so good. This is the teacher carlos.B: Hello Carlos… nice to meet you.C: Nice to meet you too!B: Excuse me. What’s your last name?C: My last name is campanella. And you?B: My last name is vives. Mmm…. What do you do carlos?C: I am a physical education teacher. A: I didn’t know, where are you from carlos?C: I’m from Santa Marta, sorry, I have to go…… see you soon!!A: ok, see you!! take care!B: have a nice day!!

Asking giving for information Asking for information is our expressions to ask questions or to ask about explanations from what we said to someone else, so we get what we asked. Using WH-Questions:

• What, • When, • Where, • Who, • Why, and •

How.There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of themost common:

• Could you tell me...? • Could anyone tell me....? • Can you tell me...? • Do you know...? • Do you happen to know...? • I'd like to know... • Could you find out...? • Could you give me some idea of... • I'm interested in... • I'm looking for.. •

Have you got an idea of....? • Don't suppose you (would) know...? • I wonder if you could tell me...? • I wonder if someone could tell me...?There are some Responses, we use: • Yes, it is / was / will ... • Oh yes, I did / Oh no, I didn't. • That's (quite) right. • No, it isn't really so. • I'm sorry but that isn't correct. • Well, it's the contrary in fact.These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone: • I am calling to find out... •

I am calling about...Information about company • What does your company do? • What is your specialty? • What do you specialize in? • What is your main line of business? • We produce marketing materials. • We specialize in art and design. • What are your major products? • What services do you provide? • We produce office machines. •

We design software. • We provide technical support.Information about products • Could you give me some (more) information on this? • What can you tell me about this (product)? • Tell me about this one/model. • This is one of our top brands. • It's our best selling refrigerator. • This one is the best in its class. • We're really pleased with its performance. • It's an excellent computer. • I highly recommend this one.

Exercise

Things to Remember Happy is the hearing man; unhappy the

speaking man. The difference between a smart man and

a wise man is that a smart man knows what to say, and a wise man knows whether or not to say it.

Speak well and live well. Always think before speaking.

Try these conversation starters to talk to absolutely anybody:

Skip the small talk. ... Ask for their opinion. ... Ask for their advice or recommendations. ... Ask them a question — that's easy to answer. ... Comment on the environment. ... Ask for an update. ... Ask open-ended questions whenever possible. ... Ask a hypothetical question.