Miniature Earth

• OLD (2001)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fA6MhyK60iI• NEW (updated 2010)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6eTr4ldDYg

Population & Standard of LivingUnderstanding the basic terms

Population

• The total number of people living in a given area (pg 86)

• https://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html (US)

• http://www.census.gov/population/popclockworld.html (world)

• 25 most populated countries http://geography.about.com/cs/worldpopulation/a/mostpopulous.htm

Population Density

• A measure of the number of people living in a given area (86)

World Population Density

US Population Density

Population Distribution

• The spread of people living in a given area• How the population of an area is arranged

according to variables such as age, race, or sex • People do not like to live in places that are too

hot, too cold, too wet, too dry• Population density is very low in these areas

GNP• Gross National Product• The total monetary value of all final goods and

services produced in a country during one year PLUS income earned by its citizens abroad, minus income earned by foreigners from domestic production

GDP

• The value of all goods and services produced within a country in a single year (pg. 95)

• United States GDP $15.29 trillion (2011 est.)country comparison to the world: 2

• Djibouti GDP $2.26 billion (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 184

GDP GNP

Stands for: Gross Domestic Product Gross National Product

Definition:An estimated value of the total worth of a country’s production and services, on its land, by its nationals and foreigners, calculated over the course on one year

An estimated value of the total worth of production and services, by citizens of a country, on its land or on foreign land, calculated over the course on one year

Formula for Calculation: GDP = consumption + investment + (government spending) + (exports − imports)

GNP = GDP + NR (Net income inflow from assets abroad or Net Income Receipts) - NP (Net payment outflow to foreign assets)

Uses: Business, Economic Forecasting Business, Economic Forecasting

Application (Context in which these terms are used):

To see the strength of a country’s local economy

To see how the nationals of a country are doing economically

Layman Usage: Total value of products & Services produced within the territorial boundary of a country

Total value of Goods and Services produced by all nationals of a country (whether within or outside the country)

Country with Highest Per Capita (US$): Luxembourg ($87,400) Luxembourg ($45,360)

Country with Lowest Per Capita (US$): Liberia ($16) Mozambique ($80)

Country with Highest (Cumulative): USA ($13.06 Trillion in 2006) USA (~ $11.5 Trillion in 2005)

GNPVsGDP

GDP/capita

• Measure of the total output of a country that takes the gross domestic product ( GDP) and divides it by the number of people in the country

• So let’s practice…Country of Etterulis:GDP: $756,487 per yearPopulation: 246GDP/capita = $307.51

GDP/capita

• Djibouti GDP/capita$2,700 (2011 est.)country comparison to the world: 176

US GDP/capita$49,000 (2011 est.)country comparison to the world: 11

Demography

• The science of social statistics, like of the births, deaths, diseases, marriages, etc., of populations.

Life expectancy

• The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year Life Expectancy Using the RP-2000 Combined Healthy Mortality Table

Projected to 2011*

Age Male Female Age Male Female

18 62 65 65 18 20

19 61 64 66 17 19

20 60 63 67 16 18

21 59 62 68 15 17

22 58 61 69 14 17

23 57 60 70 14 16

24 56 59 71 13 15

25 55 58 72 12 15

To use the life expectancy table: Find your age in the column below, then look to the appropriate gender column on the right to find the additional number of years you may expect to live. It is important to note that one-half of individuals can expect to live beyond their life expectancy and one-half will not live to that age.

Life Expectancy

Djibouti UStotal population: 61.57 years total population 78.49country comparison 184 country comparison 50male: 59.15 years male: 76.05 yearsfemale: 64.07 years female 81.05 years

Literacy Rate

• the ability to read and writeUS definition: age 15 and over can read & writetotal population: 99%male: 99%female: 99%

Djiboutidefinition: age 15 and over can read & writetotal population: 67.9%male: 78%female: 58.4%

Birthrate• The annual number of births

per 1,000 people (88)• The birth rate is usually the

dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population (lots of young people)

Birth Rate United States:13.68 births/1,000 population country comparison to the world: 146

Djibouti:24.91 births/1,000 population country comparison to the world: 59

Death rate• The annual number of deaths per 1,000 people• The death rate accurately indicates the current mortality

impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate

Death Rate

• Djibouti Death Rate8.08 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 98 • US Death Rates8.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 87

Rate of Natural Increase

The birth rate minus the death rate of a population

Migration• The movement of people from one place to

live in another (pg 89)

US:3.62 migrant /1,000 population country comparison to the world: 26

Djibouti:6.02 migrant/1,000 population country comparison to the world: 16

Standard of Living• The level of wealth, comfort, material goods

and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area

Human Capital• Economic value of an employee's skill

set• The collection of competencies,

knowledge, social and personality skills includes creativity in the ability to perform work so as to produce economic value

• Understanding that not all labor is equal • The quality of employees can be

improved by investing in them• The education, experience and abilities

of an employee have an economic value for employers and for the economy as a whole.

Helpful spillover

• An economic advantage coming from an unpredicted source

• Example: A helpful "spillover" might be education. We all are better off if we have an educated workforce

• Example: Government support of public education

Harmful spillover

• An economic disadvantage coming from an unpredicted source

• A harmful "spillover" might be air or water pollution from production of a product. Even those who do not consume the product are hurt by pollution.

• Example: Government taxing or regulating pollution