minerals from.

Lesson 3: Vitamins and Minerals

minerals from.

Understand the role of

vitamins and minerals

in the diet.

Know the difference

between fat soluble and

water soluble vitamins.

Identify the foods we

get different vitamins

and minerals from.

To show progress today I should …

Lesson Plan

Vitamins and Minerals: called ‘Micro

Nutrients’ meaning we need them in

small amounts.

Water Soluble: dissolves in water

Fat Soluble: dissolves in fat

minerals from.

Vitamins are chemicals found naturally in food. With the exception of Vitamin D,

which can be manufactured through the action of sunlight on the skin, vitamins

cannot be made by the body, and must be provided by the diet. They are needed in

minute (tiny) amounts to perform specific functions and fall into two different classes:

Water

Soluble

Fat

Soluble

C A

B group D

E

K

So how

do we

work?!

Vitamins explained further …

minerals from.

Fat Soluble Needed For Found In Deficiency/Health Issues

A

Antioxidant

Vision Dairy Products

Dark Green Veg

Orange coloured fruit and veg

Fish Oils and Liver

Poor vision

D Bone growth Fish Oils

Dairy Products

Sun Light Absorption

Rickets

Osteomalacia

E

Antioxidant

Protect tissue Dairy Products

Dark Green veg

Nuts

Age quickly

Wrinkles

Skin loses elasticity

K Blood clotting Dark Green Veg

Fish, liver, fruit

Haemorrhages

Fat Soluble Vitamins

minerals from.

Free Radicals

Essentially, damaged oxygen molecules with an extremely unstable

atomic structure. They attack fats and proteins all over the body,

especially those in membranes that line the blood vessels, the skin and

other connective tissue. They can make you age a lot quicker! Anything

we do to raise our metabolic rate (like exercise) accelerates the

production of free radicals. Anti oxidants like vitamin A and E help fight

these free radicals.

minerals from.

Water

Soluble

Needed For Found In Deficiency

C

Antioxidant

Normal structure

and function of

connective tissue

Antioxidant

(protects from

free radicals)

Helps absorb iron

Main sources from plants –

fruits and vegetables.

Milk and liver contain small

amounts.

Scurvy

B1

Thiamin

Normal function

of the nervous

system and heart

Whole grains, meat, flour and

breakfast cereals.

Beri-beri (disorder

of the nervous

system).

B2

Riboflavin

Release of

energy from food

Milk, eggs, green vegetables. Dry cracked skin

around the mouth

and nose.

B12 Cell division and

blood formation

Normal structure

of nerves

Animal sources – milk, meat

and eggs. Some algae and

bacteria can produce B12.

Anaemia (rare),

may be found in

vegetarians.

Water Soluble Vitamins

minerals from.

What is a ‘Deficiency’?

A) Not being able to do something.

B) Less brain power.

C) Lacking in what is needed.

D) Not doing as you are told

minerals from.

Move On …

What is a ‘Deficiency’?

minerals from.

What is a ‘Deficiency’?

Try Again!

minerals from.

Deficiencies

Go for Gold! I can describe

what effects not eating

some foods has on our

health.

minerals from.

Can you name 2 foods you

should eat a lot of and 2 foods

you should only eat a little of?

Deficiencies

minerals from.

Deficiencies

Which group of foods is more likely to give you a deficiency? Explain how?

minerals from.

Scurvy:

Lack of Vitamin C

• A condition caused by lack of vitamin C.

• It causes weakness, gum disease andskin haemorrhages (bleeding).

• Scurvy is most frequently seen in older, malnourished adults.

minerals from.

Prevent Scurvy:

minerals from.

•a disorder involving softening and weakening of the bones (of children).

• It is caused by lack of Calcium in your diet.

Lack of Calcium

Rickets:

minerals from.

Prevent Rickets:

minerals from.

• a disease caused by a lackof protein in the diet.

• Children and adolescents require protein for growth and development.

• It occurs most commonly in areas of famine and limited food supply.

• Symptoms: Small, weak, underdeveloped muscles, wounds take long time to heal, swollen belly, lethargic

Lack of Protein

Kwashiorkor:

minerals from.

Prevent Kwashiorkor :

minerals from.

• Weakness and fatigue

• Pale skin

• Shortness of breath

• Light-headedness or dizziness

• Caused by lack of red blood cells

Anaemia:

Lack of Iron

minerals from.

Prevent Anaemia:

minerals from.

• Number one cause of what is

known as preventable blindness

in children and severe visual

impairment.

• Also increases the risk of

death in infants.

• Causes night blindness in

pregnant women

Lack of Vitamin A

Blindness:

minerals from.

Prevent Blindness

minerals from.

Lack of Fibre

• Poor Digestive Health

• Poor absorption of nutrients

• Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

• Weight Gain

• Poor Blood Sugar Control

Constipation:

minerals from.

Increase your fibre intake

minerals from.

Can you help each

patient find the

correct advice from

the doctor?

Can you help the

doctor make the

correct diagnosis

for each patient?

“Doctor, doctor … ”

minerals from.

Case Study 2After Colin’s recent eye test he

was told that his vision is getting

worse (deteriorating). What

might Colin not be eating

enough of to keep his eyes

healthy?!

Poor eye health/vision: Vitamin ?

What foods should he eat to

improve his symptoms?

Case Study 1Nana Irene has recently had a fall

and broken her wrist. It was not a

bad fall and her doctor has said

she may have broken her wrist

more easily because she is

deficient in a certain vitamin.

Which vitamin might she be

deficient in:

Weak bones: Vitamin ?

What foods should she eat to

improve her symptoms?

Case Study 3Sandra is suffering from gum

disease and has recently found

that she does not have as much

energy as she used to. Which 2

vitamins might she be deficient in:

Poor gum health: Vitamin ?

Lack of energy: Vitamin ?

What foods should she eat to

improve her symptoms?

“Doctor, doctor … “Read each case study, pay attention to what each person is

suffering from. Decide which vitamins they must be deficient in

(not eating enough of) and suggest what foods each person

could eat to make themselves feel better.

You could role play these scenarios for fun!

minerals from.

• Salt that is sprinkled of food makes a small proportion of your salt intake

• Salt is sometimes listed on food packets as sodium

• High amounts of salt are found in processed food (ready meals, biscuits, sauces) and fast food!!

Too much salt

minerals from.

• Too much salt can cause high

blood pressure!

• High Blood pressure can cause

serious health problems and

lead to strokes, brain damage

and kidney damage!

Too much salt

minerals from.

Obese people have

an increased risk of:

• arthritis

• diabetes

• heart disease

Too much fat

minerals from.

Deadline:

Your homework

is due in: see

ClassCharts

• ‘Doctor, Doctor’ task

• Make cards if you wish

minerals from.

Use your knowledge to answer

the Vitamins question sheet.

Why not make the Vitamin

playing cards.

Add colour and food related

drawings to the printed side

then facts and information to

the back.

Task:

minerals from.

Deadline:

Your homework

is due in: see

ClassCharts

Complete your vitamin revision cards at home. You could even laminate them to make them last forever!