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Mineral madness. Activate Prior Knowledge. Talk at your tables about what you ALREADY know about this topic. What are minerals? How are they made and used? How did the title slide persuade you? Etc. Be ready to report out!. What We Already Know…. What is a Mineral?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mineral Mineral madnessmadness
Activate Prior KnowledgeActivate Prior Knowledge
Talk at your tables about what you Talk at your tables about what you ALREADY know about this topic.ALREADY know about this topic. What are minerals?What are minerals? How are they made and used?How are they made and used? How did the title slide persuade you? How did the title slide persuade you?
Etc.Etc.
Be ready to report out!Be ready to report out!
What We Already Know…What We Already Know…
What is a What is a Mineral?Mineral?
A A naturally occurringnaturally occurring, , inorganic solidinorganic solid with a with a definite chemical definite chemical compositioncomposition and a and a crystal crystal structurestructure..
What does that mean?What does that mean?
naturally occurringnaturally occurring = =
found in the Earth; not man-found in the Earth; not man-mademade
THINK: What does this mean to us?THINK: What does this mean to us?PAIR: Talk to a partner about your thoughts.PAIR: Talk to a partner about your thoughts.
SHARE: Report out to the group!SHARE: Report out to the group!
What does that mean?What does that mean?
inorganicinorganic==
not be from materials that not be from materials that were once part of living thingswere once part of living things
Can you think of a mineral you use or are Can you think of a mineral you use or are exposed to on a regular basis?exposed to on a regular basis?
What does that mean?What does that mean?
solidsolid==
has a definite shape and has a definite shape and volume that doesn’t changevolume that doesn’t change
Think about it: Based on this characteristic, is Think about it: Based on this characteristic, is lava a mineral? Why or why not?lava a mineral? Why or why not?
What does that mean?What does that mean?Definite chemical compositionDefinite chemical composition
==Always have the same elements in Always have the same elements in
the same proportionsthe same proportions
(Ex: Water is ALWAYS H(Ex: Water is ALWAYS H22O. That means water has 2 O. That means water has 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atoms. If that changes, Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atoms. If that changes, you no longer have water! The same is true of you no longer have water! The same is true of minerals….the ratio of their elements don’t change!)minerals….the ratio of their elements don’t change!)
What does that mean?What does that mean?
Crystal structureCrystal structure
==
Have a unique, repeating patternHave a unique, repeating pattern
What do you think of? What do you think of?
Tessellations? Tessellations?
Tiles?Tiles?
Give us an example!Give us an example!
SO….SO….A mineralA mineral isis a a naturally occurringnaturally occurring, , inorganic solidinorganic solid with a with a
definite chemical compositiondefinite chemical composition and a and a crystal structurecrystal structure. .
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This meansThis means…..a mineral MUST:…..a mineral MUST: Be found in the Earth; not man-madeBe found in the Earth; not man-made Not be from materials that were once part of living Not be from materials that were once part of living
thingsthings Have a definite shape and volumeHave a definite shape and volume Always have the same elements in the same proportionsAlways have the same elements in the same proportions Have a unique, repeating patternHave a unique, repeating pattern
Talk With Your Group!Talk With Your Group!
Where have you seen examples of Where have you seen examples of minerals before?minerals before?
What are the properties of What are the properties of minerals?minerals?
Properties of MineralsProperties of Minerals
Hardness- how hard it is compared to others (Mohs scale)
Mohs Hardness ScaleMohs Hardness ScaleMineralMineral RatingRating Testing MethodTesting Method
TalcTalc 11 Softest known mineral. Softest known mineral. It flakes easily when It flakes easily when scratched by a scratched by a fingernail.fingernail.
GypsumGypsum 22 A fingernail can easily A fingernail can easily scratch it.scratch it.
CalciteCalcite 33 A fingernail cannot A fingernail cannot scratch it, but a copper scratch it, but a copper penny can.penny can.
FluoriteFluorite 44 A steel knife can easily A steel knife can easily scratch it.scratch it.
ApatiteApatite 55 A steel knife can scratch A steel knife can scratch it.it.
FeldsparFeldspar 66 Cannot be scratched by Cannot be scratched by a steel knife, but it can a steel knife, but it can scratch window glass.scratch window glass.
QuartzQuartz 77 Can scratch steel and Can scratch steel and hard glass easily.hard glass easily.
TopazTopaz 88 Can scratch quartz.Can scratch quartz.
CorundumCorundum 99 Can scratch topazCan scratch topaz
DiamondDiamond 1010 Hardest known mineral. Hardest known mineral. It can cut hard glass.It can cut hard glass.
What are the properties of What are the properties of minerals?minerals?
Properties of MineralsProperties of Minerals
Hardness- how hard it is compared to others (Mohs scale)
Streak- color left behind when rubbed against a harder surface
Color- its appearance; may vary and may be different from its streak
Talk With Your Group!Talk With Your Group!
Compare and contrast the similarities Compare and contrast the similarities and differences between color and and differences between color and streak.streak.
What are the properties of What are the properties of minerals?minerals?
Properties of MineralsProperties of Minerals
Hardness- how hard it is compared to others (Mohs scale)
Streak- color left behind when rubbed against a harder surface
Color- its appearance; may vary and may be different from its streak
Luster-how well it reflects light; shiny or dull
Density- mass / volumeShape- the
number of sides & angles between the sides
Special Properties: anything “special” about it: Ex: magnetic, fluorescent, reacts to acid, etc.
Rate Your Learning…Rate Your Learning…
Where are you on the generic Where are you on the generic learning scale (0-4) with:learning scale (0-4) with: Understanding what a mineral is?Understanding what a mineral is? Understanding the properties of Understanding the properties of
minerals?minerals? The difference between the color The difference between the color
and the streak of a mineral?and the streak of a mineral?
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