Mindanao and Sulu Houses Report (1)

8/10/2019 Mindanao and Sulu Houses Report (1)

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MINDANAO AND SULUHOUSES


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Forts and Royal Residences

The early Filipinos constructed a fortified

settlement or kota designed to send off

Spanish and American assult. It is bordered by

a palisade. It may include a well-protected

residential compound.


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Raja Sulaymansfort in Manila

made from palm tree logs dominating a narrow

knoll and the wide gaps of walls allow ten to

twelve mid-sized artillery pieces to projectthrough.

Sultan KudaratsKota in Ilihan Heights

Had trenches planned by the Dutch

Maguindanao and Bayan kota


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The most important feature of akota are the housesof the chiefs

Characteristics of the houses of chiefs:

built on trees and thick arigues

many rooms and comfort

well constructed of timber and planks

Strong and large

Furnished and supplied with all that is necessary Much finer and more substantial than others


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Yakan

- Dayak origins they are believed to be descendants of

the Orang Dyaks or Tagihamas of eastern Indonesia.

- live in the mountainous interior of Basilan Island.

- The Yakans chief means of livelihood is farming, and

they usually cultivate upland rice.


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Yakan Traditional House: Lumah

is a rectangular, ridge-roofed,

single room, pile structure of

varying size and elevation

from the ground.

It has a floor area rangingfrom fifty to hundred square

meters.

A typical early Yakan house

has no toilet.

The lifespan of a Yakan house

of the Lumah is between ten

to fifteen years, afterwhich, a

new house will be built.


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Three Parts of Lumah

The Kokan or tindakan (main house)

It separates the Kokan (sleeping area) from the

Tindakan(multi-purpose living room), whichserves as a place for entertaining intimate

guests, weaving, dining as well as for the holding

of the magtimbang(ritual)

TheTindakan is also the setting for weddings,

wakes, death anniversaries and other

commemorations.


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The Kosina (kitchen)

TheKosina could be accessed by a

pantan or bridge because the

materials used to built these houses

are made of light and combustiblematerials.


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Pantan or Simpey (Porch)

Pantanor porch where clothes are hung

and dried, long bamboo containers arestored and where most visitors are

welcomed.


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Parts of the Lumah

Sapiaw or the steep pitch roof is concave and is

thatched with either cogon or nipa.

Tandiwanor window,which is located at the front

side of the house.

The Pugaanor bamboo floor slates are set slightly

apart, similar to the bottom of a basket for better

ventilation. The walls are made of either horizontally positioned

wooden planks or the air-inpenetrable sawali

(plaited bamboo or reeds).


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Access to the Main House

The access to the main house is through theharren

(a retractable bamboo/timber ladder), then through

the simpey/ pantan( the porch where clothes are

hung and dried, long bamboo containers are storedand where most visitors are welcomed) and finally,

through the gawang, a sliding main door.


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Access to the Main House

The access to the main house is through theharren

(a retractable bamboo/timber ladder), then through

the simpey/ pantan( the porch where clothes are

hung and dried, long bamboo containers are storedand where most visitors are welcomed) and finally,

through the gawang, a sliding main door.


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Samal

The Samals are dispersed all over the Southern Island of

Mindanao, Southern Palawan, Basilan, Davao,

Zamboanga, the Sulu Archipelago and as far the Northern

Boromeo. A Samal Kinship group of 100 to 500 members lives in

the cluster of houses which usually stands on wooden

piles on the foreshore areas or over tidal mud flat or

reefs. The Samal were also known in the manufacture of the

boras, large rattan mats distinctive for their multihued

painted decorations.


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The traditional sources of livelihoodof the Samal include :

Fishing

Farming

Logging

Hunting

Boat-building

Pearl diving

Mat-weaving

Pottery


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Traditional Samal House

Built on stilts on the fringes of the

seashore so that the ground under the

house is flooded and washed clean

during the high tides.

Linked to the shore and to one another

by a maze of catwalk and bridges

It may be as large as 24x12 meters, with

the roof ridge 9 meters above the floor.

Some of which may have two stories

with balconies.

Interior of the house is unwalled and

depending on the economic status of

the owner .


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Pantan

- Open porch or terrace

- Prominent house feature

- Faces east

- Childrens playground

- Gathering area for families- Place for conducting rituals


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Construction Materials

Roof and Walls: nipa or sawali

Stairs and flooring: bamboo

Posts and bracing: coconut wood,

mangrove or other tree trunks


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Structural Method

- Structural members are held through

lashing.

- The gable roof is of simple construction,the ridgepole being supported by the

kingpost

- Rather than trusses, horizontal beamssupporting the weight of the roof is

positioned outside since the roof is low.


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Badjao

- Means fisherfolk

- Part of a bigger group which is Sama

- Generally boat dwellers or sea gypsies

- Called Luwaan (outsiders) and Palau( floating

people)


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Dwellings

1. Luma

- Standing on the seashore

- Sturdier material than stilt houses

- Mirror reflects the number of children in the

family

2. Stilt houses

- Built along shores and of lighter material

- Materials are free or cost very little

- Labor is free


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Dwellings

3. Palaw

- Pidlas or lepa which is speedy because it has

no outtriggers, used for short fishing trips

- Djenging has outriggers unlike lepa.

Floating Sulu barong-barongused for dwelling and

varied upon the owners economic status.


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Traditional Badjao House

Stilt house


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Traditional Badjao House

Documents

Mindanao and Sulu Houses Report (1)