MilkIT Project Review Meeting Almora 03/12/13

Project review meeting Almora 1

MilkITProject Review Meeting

Almora 03/12/13

Activity reviewIndia

Thanammal Ravichandran, Nils Teufel and team

03/12/2013


Introduction

• Brief review 2012• Details on 2013 by component

1. Institutional strengthening2. Productivity enhancement3. Knowledge sharing

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Brief recap 2012

• Partner selection– Research or development focus– Government or non-government emphasis

• Village & household census– Basis for further data collection

• Site selection

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Village census/Selection of mid-cluster

• Village census data used for comparison• Criteria– Road accessibility

(distance to road and distance to town)– Dairy animal population– Institutional base

(SHG or federation activity; milk marketing)– Feed availability

(cultivated land, grassland, cropping pattern)

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Household census

• All selected cluster villages including the settlements

• To characterise/classify the cluster• Information– Dairy animals– Production details– Milk selling pattern– Transaction feed and animals

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Site Selection

• Districts: 2 (IFAD project areas)• Blocks: 1 in each district

(based on IFAD, dairy, partners, secondary data)• Max clusters: long-list of 40 villages / block based on

partner experience and access• Mini clusters: 2-4 villages close together• Mid clusters : 2-3 mini-clusters, field worker area, IP• IPs: 2 mid-clusters -> 2 feed IPs -> 1 DVC IP/ block

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Considerations-mid clusters-Sult

• Select on near-road and one far-away mid-cluster• Barkinda– Better road connectivity (<1km)– Favourable to connect to formal milk marketing,

i.e. Aanchal, state dairy co-operative– More dairy animals and more cultivated land

• Titoli– Not on road (2 km distance)– More dairy animals, more cultivated land– Farmers selling milk near congregation point

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Sult mid-clusters

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Consideration mid-clusters Bageshwar

• Saing included– Formal milk marketing (Aanchal and federation level)– More dairy animals, more cultivated land– Strong institutional set-up (SHGs)

• Chhona included– Good base for marketing platform, near to main road– KVK is in between these two clusters– But limited interest in improving marketing and feeding

• limited land availability - less feed• more milk marketing to employees of mine factory - pressure• limited potential for improvement

• Extension of activities to Joshiguan cluster– More land, feed availability– More interest for dairy/ crossbred animals– Easy access to market

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New feed IP


Bageshwar mid-clusters

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• 2013– Enhancing innovation capacity– Involving local stakeholders in dairy value chain

(DVC) analysis– Emerging basket of innovations

Component 1Institutional strengthening

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1.1 Enhancing innovation capacity

– Assess current innovation strategies• Actor mapping• Development history

– Analyse innovation processes• Documentation of innovation platform meetings and

follow-up activities:action plans, GoogleDrive, synthesis

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Actor mapping -Development history

• Interviews with different actors involved in development activities– Dairy development board (DDB)-

Aanchal and Mahila dairy Vikas Prayojna– Block development office (BDO)– Agricultural information centre/VPKAS/KVK

(agriculture department/ICAR)– Animal husbandry department (veterinary clinic)– Forestry department– NGOs

• BAIF-(active in neighbouring block)

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Interventions-DDB-since 1996

• Formation of milk producing co-operative society• Collection of milk and marketing after value addition• Subsidy for transportation of milk • Incentive for head-load from remote villages• Credit and subsidy for crossbred purchase• Supply of feed and subsidy• First aid medicines and training to secretary• Training paravets for insemination• Exposure visit for dairy farmers• Distribution of fodder seeds

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Innovation platform-DVC

• Meeting every 3-4 months• Discussion of many issues around dairy value

chains - marketing, input support• Representation of farmers from each village• Participation of various institutions/

stakeholders; difficult to maintain continuity• Private sector is missing- see little benefits /

no incentive

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Partner NGOs

Innovation platform DVC

state dairy co-operative (Aanchal)

block & district administration

IFAD staff

veterinary officer

national NGO (BAIF, breed improvement)

farmers

Missing: private sector!

Innovation platform actors

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Net map example

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IP meeting documentation

• Record results• Formulate action plans• Record follow-up meetings and results• Share - GoogleDrive

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1.2 Local stakeholders involved in DVC analysis

• Rapid Market Assessment• Micro-business training– Co-op development Bageshwar– Replication in Sult?

• Strategies for involving local decision makers– Advisory council– Participation in innovation platforms

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Value chain assessment• Limited value chain- sale of milk is less

– Formal• Aanchal• Federation level milk co-operative- IFAD

– Informal• Neighbours• Tea shops in village or near market

• VCA mapping tool-Derek Baker/Participatory net map– Through PRA– Not many channels in village– Input service is limited to Aanchal– Identification of marketing constraints

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SWOT-Aanchal linkageStrength Weakness Opportunity Threat

Price based on fat and water

One man (secretary based)

Good rate for buffalo milk- 34 for 10 fat

Secretary same for many years in old dairy

Better input support feed, medicines- credit

Lack of transparency; Inputs limited to secretary- lack of sharing

Open meetings of members is possible

Farmers get disturbed if there is fraud

Incentive for head load (to next road)

Lack of awareness among farmers

Creating awareness will strengthen system

Policies limited to farmers who have voice

Sale all seasons Implementation of activities very late

Willingness of farmers to join

Subsidy-CB animal purchase

Very bureaucratic system

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1.3 Emerging basket of innovations

• Innovation platforms as initial forum for developing innovative ideas: action plans

• Collaborative development of proposed technologies with participants and experts

• Discussion and assessment of innovations in innovation platforms: Issues regarding specific interventions discussed in IP meetings (e.g. development of Aanchal activities in Sult and growth of co-op in Bageshwar. But formal assessment still missing.

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Bhupendra Rana-INHERE

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Outcomes-Sult• Producer co-operative society in Barkinda mid-cluster for Aanchal milk

collection – Musoli, Sutholi and Baseri villages– 46 members registered since March with Aanchal – state co-op– Price based on fat and lactometer reading– Issues with transparency (secretary of village co-op soc)

• Besarbagarh and Gehna Timli (villages outside initial selection!)– Started this month– Collection points cover 2-3 villages

• Aanchal support through inputs (feed, animal health, breed), exposure visit to Donogiri dairy

• Breed improvement also through - AH department/ BAIF• One paravet training - Titoli cluster, ULDB • Adoption of 10 SHGs (Barkinda cluster) for new ILSP programme/IFAD -

outside current IPs03/12/2013


Anecdotal evidence- Bhuwan Pant, CHIRAG

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Outcomes - Bageshwar

• Jeganath milk producer co-operative • Lack of Anchal support, IFAD response for payment-

initiated for own co-operative• Since Feb • NABARD support for CB loan/subsidy- 12 animals• AH department support for health care / CB subsidy

(4 animals)• KVK/VPKAS support for technical feeding • Self purchase of cream separator

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ifjp;• dqy xzke % 11 ¼5 ifj;kstuk {ks= ls ckgj½• Participating villages : 11 (5-non selected villages)

• dqy ifjokj , households : 102

• dqy nqX/k dh ek=k milk/d % 90&100yh0 ¼izfr fnu½ • dqy nqX/k lxzag.k milk Feb-Oct: 18]409 yh0 ¼Qjojh &

vDVwcj½• rS;kj nqX/k mRikn% ngh]iuhj]dzhe]eBBk• Milk products : Paneer, Curd, Butter milk, cream

• dqy ykxr, operation cost : 19% (collection, rent, electricity, transport, sales person)

• vkSlr vk; farmer income/mo% :0 600&1600 izfr ekg@izfr fdlku

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Jeganath Milk producer Co-operative Background


SWOT 1,drk @lgdkfjrk xq.koRrk

lq/kkjfoi.ku dk /;ku jktuhfrd ncko

Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

Ñ"kdks dk fu.Zk;

nqX/k lxzag.k dh nwjh

nqX/k lxzag.k dk /;ku

xq.koRrk cjdjkj cuk;s j[kuk

Co-operation among SHG members

Village distance from road

Demand for milk is high

Less marketing if milk quality decreased

cktkjhdj.k foi.ku dk /;ku de rjg rfjds ds mRikn

fuxjkuh dc rd!

Marketing linkage to urban market

Less activity-finding consumers/marketing

Milk products Till how long monitoring needed?

[kqn vkRefuHkZj

vkxr esa deh ¼pkjk½

laxBuks dk rkyesy

Decision making Less input support Healthy competition with Anchal-Govt institution

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SWOT 2,drk @lgdkfjrk xq.koRrk

lq/kkjfoi.ku dk /;ku jktuhfrd ncko

Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

IkzcU/ku desVh fofHkUu izdkj ds laxBu

ekbZxzs’u

Maintaining expenses themselves Maintaining quality is

tough

Prevention of migration through dairy livelihood

uLy lq/kkj vkpy dsk nqX/k lxzag.k esa yxkuk

Breed improvement Feed improvement (concentrate)

laLFkkvksa ds chp izfr;ksfxrk Linkage with other institutions

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Component 2Productivity

2013• Implementation strategies for feed

innovations• Diffusion methods for feed innovations• Strategic learnings

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2.1 Implementation strategies for feed innovations

• Establishment of feed innovation platforms• Identify appropriate technology options and initiate

respective farmer trials• Economic assessment of interventions still

outstanding• Inclusion of various local development organisations

in feed IP platforms– Development officers, research (VPKAS, Jhansi),

universities (Pantnagar, Palampur), gov development organisations (Aanchal, NABARD)

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Feed innovation platform• Also main meetings every 3 months• More individual village level meetings for follow-up• Limited to nearby villages• Stakeholders of AnimHusb Dep/Aanchal/KVK participate; sometime Agriculture

Dept.• Expert support by VPKAS/ other institutions - outside IP• Feed is recognised as important issue –

various opportunities identified• Main areas: Green fodder, processing/storage• Limited seed availability for new fodder species

(e.g. grasses and legumes, both temperate and humid)Also, farmers get disturbed if the technology fails(Setaria grass- no germination; monsoon inundation)

• NABARD support for grass land development

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Interventions/innovations 1• Dual-purpose cereals– wheat/ barley /maize /oat /finger millet– From VPKAS technical support– For fodder in winter/ more fodder and grain– Easy acceptance/agreement

• Napier grass– Source VPKAS, AH dept for Sult– NABARD support for van panchayat development- Napier

plantation (5 tons) - Bageshwar• Setaria grass– Seed source from Palampur university– Not germinated- seed viability? More rain?03/12/2013


Interventions/innovations 2• Feed trough/feed drums– For prevention of fodder wastage- recently started– NABARD support in Bageshwar

• Chaff cutter– Failure of typical manual chaff cutter- labour requirement– Small knife developed - acceptance is good– Will try the chaff cutter from Gujarat

• Hay stacking/ Silage– Started in Saing and Garikhet village- some early adopters– Treatment with molasses and urea– Will try for 3-4/ farmers for 10-15 vill.- farmer preference – Analysis of grass after treatment

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Silage

Napier

Silage pack

Feed trough

Demo silage


2.2 Diffusion methods for feed innovations

• Scaling-out approaches for feed innovations– Little so far– Technologies have not been optimised (annual

cycle of feeding; machines just being tested)– Will have to be linked to the scaling-out of the

innovation platform approach– Will require institutions with own initiative and

interest

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2.3 Strategic learnings

• FEAST– Results of round 1

(72 hh randomly selected from selected settlements)• Nutritional analysis of hay– Base-line results from 2012– Non-treatment samples 2013,

waiting to collect post-treatment samples• Documentation of trial & feed IP results• Use of GoogleDrive system developed for DVC• Synthesis? Limited so far

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FEAST - constraints• Sult

– Shortage of green fodder in summer especially in May/June– Lack of quality veterinary services and breeding services– Lack of accessibility to concentrate feed– Fodder wastage during feeding

• Bageshwar– Shortage of green fodder in summer (May/June) and

winter(December/January)– Fodder wastage during feeding– Lack of feeding knowledge for dairy animals– Limited AI service especially to buffalo– Less grass land and less quality of grass – High feed cost for purchase of grass from other areas (Chhona)– Limited concentrate feeding03/12/2013


FEAST - seasonal feed supply

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Feed Source % (seasonal)-Saing cluster

CRLegCRGrFodderDryFodderTreeLeafconcgrazing%

of f

eed

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Seasonal feed availability-Clusterwise

BaseriChhaunaSaingSaknara

Scor

e-Fe

ed

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FEAST - feed contributions

Cluster Crop Res FodderFrm CultLand

Collected Fodder

Concen-trates Grazing

Baseri (n=18) Mean [%] 18 14 52 1 4

Chhauna (n=18) Mean [%] 17 9 50 4 15

Saing (n=18) Mean [%] 16 6 69 5 4

Saknara (n=18) Mean [%] 15 13 60 1 6

Total (n=72) Mean [%] 17 10 58 3 7

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Hay analysis

• 480 samples analysed• Results show better values than rice straw:

Hay: ndm: 1.16, ivomd: 50.1%; compared to Rice straw (Anantapur AP): ndm: 1.15, ivomd: 41.2% (ref-Thanammal-Msc study)

• Differences between clusters in nutritive values:High in Saing, low in Chhona

• Results shared in IP feed meeting• Urea/molasses treatment of hay suggested for increasing

nutritive value hay (currently under trial)

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Component 3Knowledge sharing

• Local knowledge sharing• Wider knowledge sharing

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3.1 Local knowledge sharing

Knowledge gaps and pathways• Advisory council meeting• Links to IFAD/Ajeeveka/ILSP• Staff meetings - experience sharing• Staff capacity-building• Exposure visit farmers• Documentation & Communication

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Kuldeep Thapiyal, CHIRAG

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Knowledge sharing – details 1

• Advisory council meeting– 3 conducted, 1 Dehradun, 2 Almora– Participation from different institutions– Update plus planning, ideas for further improvement

• Links to IFAD– Periodic sharing with IFAD staffs- Almora and Bageshwar– Adoption of SHGs in Sult area for ILSP– Support to co-operative in Bageshwar– Participation in IP meetings

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Knowledge sharing

• Staff meeting– Every 3 months– To share experiences and learning– To plan next 3 months

• Training/capacity building staffs– Training in Pant Nagar veterinary college

• Disease, feed and breed management, economic assessment of dairy system, exposure to different cattle troughs, breed etc

• Better linkage with technical expert for further communication

– Visit to Anand & Mehsana dairy For better management of co-operative • Feeding systems/ tools• Machinery for dairy products

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Knowledge sharing• Exposure visit to Farmers

– Donogiri dairy co-operative (Aanchal)

– Pant Nagar kishan mela• Documentation &

communication– IP minutes– GoogleDrive– Village activities– Outreach material

(newsletter & leaflets with VPKAS/KVK & Pant Nagar)

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Constraints for expansion (Kuldeep)

1. Sufficient resources for further expansion of activities required.2. Seasonal fluctuations of milk supply:

a. Lean periods with limited lead to lost customer confidenceb. Flush periods with excess supply lead to lost producer confidence

3. Maintenance of acquired equipment necessary; more training required4. Ensure that interest of farmers is maintained, especially when some innovations are

less successful5. Ownership of IPs has to be established with appropriate institutions6. How to ensure consistent quality of milk7. More support from ILRI for better documentation to reach wider audience and to

create more useful outputs8. How to reach next level of expansion and ensure sustainability?9. How to make engagement in and improvement of crop and livestock production

socially desirable and an attractive investment opportunity?(Most active villagers are migrating out of cropping and livestock).

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3.2 Wider knowledge sharing

• Develop knowledge sharing strategy– Newsletter (with Pantnagar Uni)– Involve other institutions more actively

• Monitor implementation of knowledge sharing strategy at local level (?)

• Synthesis of knowledge sharing experiences and formulation of lessons learnt– Case studies– Journal papers

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Documents

MilkIT Project Review Meeting Almora 03/12/13