Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 1/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 2/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
¦
§
©
¦
£
¥
§
£
©
¦
£
¥
¢
¦
§
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
©
¥ ¤
§
¢
¥
§
¡
! "
!
# $ %
& '
%
%
(
%
%
)
(
0
1
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
! "
3
4 5
)
)
5
6
$
1 7
8
9
5
0
@
(
A
$ %
B
'
C
D
(
E
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
! "
F
4 5
)
)
5
6
$
1 7
8
G
(
A
$ %
B
'
C
D
(
E
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
! "
H
I
5
%
'
P
( "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Q
! "
2
R
(
)
@
(
A
'
1 S
A
(
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
T
U
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
£
§
X
3
"
!
Y
$
1
(
A
(
S
$
A
(
)
(
0
1
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
a
3
"
3
Y
$
1
(
b
D
5
5
A
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
a
c
©
¦
£ ¤
¦
¢
¦
§
¡
£
§
¥
d
£
e
£
§
W
©
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
f
F
"
!
g
S
)
$
P
'
0
1 h
$
A
h
S
D
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
i
F
"
3
g
S
)
$
P
'
0
1
@
(
0
(
1
A
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
p
U
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
¦
e
©
¡
q
q
H
"
!
Y
B
(
(
1
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
!
H
"
3
r
%
$
0
P
P
'
%
s
1
$
P
B
1 h
5
0
1
'
$
0
(
A
%
'
%
b
S
)
$
P
'
1
$
5
0
(
0
h
D
5
%
S
A
(
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
3
H
"
F
G
A
(
%
%
S
A
(
1
(
%
1
$
0
P
A
(
S
$
A
(
)
(
0
1
%
b
5
A
S
0
s
%
B
(
(
1
(
6 h
5
0
1
'
$
0
(
A
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
F
H
"
H
4
B
'
)
C
(
A
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
H
H
"
2
Y
'
b
(
1 7
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
2
t
¥
£
¦ ¤
§
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
¦
e
©
¡
q
u
2
"
!
v
5
0 $
1 5
A
$
0
P
1 S
C
(
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
Q
2
"
3
g
S
) $
P
'
0
1
%
S
@
@
D 7
@ $
@
(
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
T
2
"
F
g
'
0
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
a
2
"
H
Y
'
0
6 '
0
6 w
'
1
(
A
%
0
'
&
(
%
@
(
h
$
b
$
h
'
1
$
5
0
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
a
c
¥
e
¡
e
¥
§
£
¦ ¤
§
V
©
¥ ¤
©
W
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
¦
§
x ¡
£
q
f
Q
"
!
4
'
D
h
S
D
'
1
$
5
0
5
b
b
S
)
$
P
'
1
$
5
0
(
0
h
D
5
%
S
A
(
y
5
D S
)
(
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
i
Q
"
3
4
'
D
h
S
D
'
1
$
5
0
5
b
b
S
) $
P
'
0
1
6 5
%
'
P
(
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
!
i
t
W
©
¢
£
¦ ¤
§
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
T
"
!
r
%
$
0
P
'
y
'
@
5
A
$ %
(
A
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
p
T
"
3
I
$ %
1
A
$
C
S
1
$
0
P
b
S
) $
P
'
0
1
w
$
1
B $
0
1
B
(
(
0
h
D
5
%
S
A
( "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
!
T
"
F
4
B
(
h
&
$
0
P
b
5
A
D
(
'
&
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
!
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦ ¤
¥
¦
¢
¥
£
¦
§
¥
£
¦
£
¦ ¤
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
¦
§
©
¦
¦
§
¥
§
£
©
¦
a
"
!
v
5
0 $
1
5
A
$
0
P
b
A
(
S
(
0
h
7
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
3
a
"
3
g
S
) $
P
'
0
1
D
(
y
(
D
%
Y
1
'
A
1
s
@
5
$
0
1
'
0
6
0
6
s
@
5
$
0
1
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
F
a
"
F
g
S
) $
P
'
0
1 h
5
0
h
(
0
1
A
'
1
$
5
0
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
H
a
"
H
R
5
@
@ $
0
P
s
S
@
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
Q
c
©
¢
e
§
£
¦ ¤
§
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
i
"
!
(
0
1
$
D
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
T
i
"
!
4 5
0
1
$
0
S
(
6 "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
a
i
"
3
4
(
A
1
$
b
$
h
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
a
G
G
9
I
!
g
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
5
b
G
(
A
$ %
B
'
C
D
(
4 5
)
)
5
6
$
1
$
(
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
3
i
G
G
9
I
3
g
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
5
b
y
(
%
%
(
D
%
w
$
1
B
)
(
1
B
7
D
C
A
5
)
$
6
( "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
F
F
q
t
U
U
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 3/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
U
t
c
G
G
9
I
F
4 5
)
)
5
6
$
1
$
(
%
b
5
A
w
B $
h
B
@
A
5
C
D
(
)
%
)
'
7
5
h
h
S
A
w
B
(
0
b
S
) $
P
'
1
(
6 w
$
1
B
)
(
1
B
7
D
C
A
5
) $
6
(
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
H
p
G
G
9
I
H
'
)
@
D
(
5
b
'
A
(
h
5
A
6
5
b
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
H
!
G
G
9
I
2
'
)
@
D
(
5
b
'
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
h
(
A
1
$
b
$
h
'
1
(
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
H
2
G
G
9
I
Q
G
A
(
%
%
S
A
(
1
(
%
1
$
0
P
(
0
h
D
5
%
S
A
(
%
b
5
A
P
'
%
s
1
$
P
B
1
0
(
%
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
H
T
G
G
9
I
T
v
5
0 $
1
5
A
1 S
C
(
@
D
'
h
(
)
(
0
1
b
5
A h
5
0
1
'
$
0
(
A
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
!
G
G
9
I
a
g
S
) $
P
'
0
1
P
'
%
%
S
@
@
D 7
@ $
@
(
%
7
%
1
(
)
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
3
G
G
9
I
i
4
'
D
h
S
D
'
1
$
0
P
1
B
(
y
5
D S
)
(
5
b
6
$
b
b
(
A
(
0
1
D 7
%
B
'
@
(
6
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
(
0
h
D
5
%
S
A
(
%
"
"
2
F
G
G
9
I
!
p
'
@
5
A
$ %
(
A
%
b
5
A
)
(
1
B
7
D
C
A
5
)
$
6
( "
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
H
G
G
9
I
!
!
v
(
1
B
7
D
C
A 5
) $
6
(
b
S
) $
P
'
1
$
5
0
A
(
'
6 7
A
(
h
& 5
0
(
A
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
Q
G
G
9
I
!
3
'
)
@
D
(
%
5
b
R
5
@
s
S
@
h
'
D
h
S
D
'
1
$
5
0
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
T
G
G
9
I
!
F
v
(
1
B
7
D
C
A
5
)
$
6
(
'
%
'
S
'
A
'
0
1
$
0
(
b
S
) $
P
'
0
1
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
2
i
G
G
9
I
!
H
v
(
1
B
7
D
C
A 5
) $
6
(
'
%
'
0
5
5
0
(
6
(
@
D
(
1
$
0
P
P
'
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Q
p
G
G
9
I
!
2
j
D 5
%
%
'
A 7
5
b
1
(
A
)
%
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Q
!
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 4/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
x x
k
l
m
n o
o
o
z
{
|
o
}
~
}
{
|
}
}
o
~
|
{
o
o
{
}
o
z
o
k
l
m
n
z
o
|
o
|
|
z
o
o
|
z
o
}
|
~
z
o
T h i s s e c t i o n i s d i v i d e d i n t o t w o m a i n c o l u m n s :
T h i s c o l u m n l i s t s c o n d i t i o n s t h a t
b e a c h i e v e d a n d a c t i o n s w h i c h
b e u n d e r t a k e n i n o r d e r t o c o n f o r m t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h e
A Q I S S t a n d a r d .
T h i s c o l u m n l i s t s i n f o r m a t i o n t h a t m a y b e h e l p f u l t o a f u m i g a t o r i n
a c h i e v i n g t h e M a n d a t o r y R e q u i r e m e n t .
T h e s e a p p e n d i c e s p r o v i d e i n f o r m a t i o n o n a r a n g e o f i s s u e s t h a t m a y b e
h e l p f u l t o a f u m i g a t o r o n v a r i o u s a s p e c t s o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n p r o c e d u r e .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 5/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
1 . 1 R i s k a s s e s s m e n
t
T h e p u r p o s e o f r i s k a s s e s s m e n t s i s t o e n s u r e t h a t a n y f u m i g a t i o n u n d e r t a k e n i s
c a r r i e d o u t i n s u c h a w a y t h a t m i n i m i s e s a n y O c c u p a t i o n a l H e a l t h a n d S a f e t y
( O H & S ) r i s k s , m e e t s l o c a l r e g u l a t i o n s , p r o t e c t s t h e l o c a l p o p u l a t i o n a n d t h e
e n v i r o n m e n t , a n d a d d r e s s e s p o t e n t i a l a d v e r s e e f f e c t s o n t h e c o m m o d i t y b e i n g
f u m i g a t e d . A r i s k a s s e s s m e n t m a y b e w r i t t e n o r v i s u a l , a s a p p r o p r i a t e
1 . 2 C o m m o
d i t y ( N o n p e r i s
h a
b l e )
S e e t h e I m p o r t C o n d i t i o n s ( I C O
N ) d a t a b a s e
w w w . a q i s . g o v . a u / i c o n f o r i n f o r m a t i o n o n
s p e c i f i c c o m m o d i t i e s .
S o m e c o m m o d i t i e s a r e u n s u i t e d t o t h i s t r e a t m e n t a s t h e y a b s o r b l a r g e q u a n t i t i e s
o f m e t h y l b r o m i d e e . g o i l s , f a t s a n d f i n e l y g r o u n d m a t e r i a l s . T h i s m a y c a u s e
t a i n t i n g o r p h y t o t o x i c i t y a n d m a y l e a d t o h a z a r d s s u c h a s t h e p r e s e n c e o f
e x c e s s i v e b r o m i d e r e s i d u e s . T h i s m a y r e s u l t i n t h e f u m i g a t e d c o m m o d i t y n o t
b e i n g s u i t a b l e f o r i t s i n t e n d e d u s e .
I f t h e r e i s c o n c e r n t h a t a c o m m o d i t y m a y b e a d v e r s e l y a f f e c t e d b y m e t h y l
b r o m i d e , i m p o r t e r s , e x p o r t e r s a n d f u m i g a t o r s s h o u l d s e e k e x p e r t a d v i c e ( o u t s i d e
o f A Q I S ) r e g a r d i n g i t s e f f e c t s o r c o n d u c t t e s t s o n t h e c o m m o d i t y .
S e e A P P E N D I X 3 : C o m m o d i t i e s f o r w h i c h p r o b l e m s m a y o c c u r w h e n f u m i g a t e d
w i t h m e t h y l b r o m i d e . T h i s t a b l e l i s t s s o m e c o m m o d i t i e s f o r w h i c h e x p e r t s h a v e
f o u n d p r o b l e m s w h e n f u m i g a t e d w i t h m e t h y l b r o m i d e .
U
V
£
e
£
§
£
¦
©
§
©
¢
V
¦
£
¥
¦
£
©
£
W
©
¤
¡
£
¥
¦
©
¦
e
1 . 3 C o m m o
d i t y ( P e r i s h a
b l e )
P e r i s h a b l e c o m m o d i t i e s i n c l u d e c u t f l o w e r s , f r e s h f r u i t , v e g e t a b l e s a n d n u r s e r y
s t o c k .
A d d i t i o n a l r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r t h e f u m i g a t i o n o f p e r i s h a b l e g o o d s a r e s e t o u t i n
A P P E N D I X 1 : F u m i g a t i o n o f p e r i s h a b l e c o m m o d i t i e s
P a g e 5 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 6/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
1 . 4 D o s a g e
x
ª
«
¬
-
x
«
®
¯
®
°
®
°
±
²
-
x
«
O v e r d o s i n g ( t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f f u m i g a n t a t r a t e s a b o v e t h o s e s p e c i f i e d b y A Q I S )
t o c o m p e n s a t e f o r p o o r f u m i g a t i o n p r a c t i c e o r i n a d e q u a t e e q u i p m e n t o r s h e e t i n g
s h o u l d n o t b e u n d e r t a k e n .
S e e t h e I C O N d a t a b a s e ( w w w . a q i s . g o v . a u / i c o n )
T A B L E 1 :
C O M M O N S T A N D A R D D O S A
G E
F O R M E T H Y L B R O M I D E F U M I G A
T I O N
P E S T / C O M M O D I T Y
R E Q U I R E D
C O N C E N T R A T I O N
G i a n t A f r i c a n S n a i l
1 2 8 g / m ³ a t 2 1 º C f o r 2 4 h o u r s a t
N o r m a l A t m o s p h e r i c P r e s s u r e
( N A P )
K h a p r a B e e t l e
8 0 g / m ³ f o r 4 8 h o u r s w i t h a
m i n i m u m c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f
2 4 g / m ³ a f t e r 2 4 h o u r s a t N A P
S t o r e d P r o d u c t P e s t o f Q u a r a n t i n e c o n c e r n
3 2 g / m ³ a t 2 1 º C f o r 2 4 h o u r s a t
N A P
³
«
®
¯
T i m b e r
4 8 g / m ³ a t 2 1 º C f o r 2 4 h o u r s a t
N A P
P a g e 6 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 7/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
1 . 5 T e m p e r a
t u r e
µ
¶
·
°
A t t e m p e r a t u r e s b e l o w 1 0 º C t h e f u m i g a n t h a s d e c r e a s e d
e f f e c t i v e n e s s a g a i n s t
p e s t s , a n d m o r e o f t h e g a s m a y b e a b s o r b e d b y t h e c o m m o d i t y . E x c e s s i v e
f u m i g a n t u p t a k e c a n p o s e a n i n c r e a s e d s a f e t y r i s k , a s t h e g a s i s d i f f i c u l t t o r e m o v e
f r o m t h e c o m m o d i t y .
·
°
F o r e a c h 5 ° C ( o r p a r t o f 5 ° C ) t h e t e m p e r a t u r e
i s e x p e c t e d t o f a l l b e l o w 2 1 ° C , 8 g / m ³ m u s t b e
a d d e d t o t h e d o s a g e , u n l e s s o t h e r w i s e
s p e c i f i e d b y A Q I S .
F o r e x a m p l e , u s i n g t h e s t a n d a r d d o s a g e o f
4 8 g / m ³ f o r a 2 4 h o u r e x p o s u r e p e r i o d , t h e
d o s a g e a t :
°
¹
º
»
¼
½ ¾
¶
°
½
»
¼
¾
°
½
»
¼
¶
°
¿
»
¼
T h e f u m i g a t i o n p r o v i d e r m u s t r e c o r d t h e
t e m p e r a t u r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e f u m i g a t i o n
c e r t i f i c a t e .
T h e¢
£
¦
£
¢ ¡
¢
¥
¢
d
£
¦
§
§
¢
¥
§
¡
t h a t t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e i s e x p e c t e d
t o e x p e r i e n c e o v e r t h e d u r a t i o n o f t h e t r e a t m e n t s h o u l d b e d e t e r m i n e d b y
c h e c k i n g w i t h t h e o f f i c i a l w e a t h e r b u r e a u i n t h e c o u n t r y
w h e r e t h e f u m i g a t i o n i s
t a k i n g p l a c e . T h i s t e m p e r a t u r e s h o u l d b e u s e d w h e n d e t e r m i n i n g t h e d o s a g e .
A l t e r n a t i v e l y , t e m p e r a t u r e r e c o r d i n g e q u i p m e n t m a y b e u s e d t o v e r i f y t h e
t e m p e r a t u r e w i t h i n
t h e e n c l o s u r e d u r i n g t h e f u m i g a t i o n e x p o s u r e p e r i o d .
S e e A P P E N D I X 5 : E x a m p l e o f a f u m i g a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e .
À
T h e t e m p e r a t u r e i n t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e
m u s t b e r a i s e d a b o v e 1 0 0 C d u r i n g f u m i g a t i o n
i f t h e m i n i m u m t e m p e r a t u r e i n s i d e t h e
e n c l o s u r e i s e x p e c t e d t o f a l l b e l o w 1 0 º C .
H e a t e r s i n c o r p o r a t i n g a f a n a n d t h e r m o s t a t m a y b e u s e d f o r t h i s p u r p o s e . F l a s h
p r o o f h e a t e r s s h o u l d b e u s e d i f t h e c o m m o d i t y i s f l a m m a b l e .
C o n s i d e r a t i o n c a n a l s o b e g i v e n t o s t o r i n g a n d f u m i g a t i n g t h e c o m m o d i t y i n
h e a t e d w a r e h o u s e s d u r i n g e x t e n d e d c o l d p e r i o d s .
P a g e 7 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 8/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
2 . 1 S i t e r e q u
i r e m e n
t s
x
x
¹
x
x
À
¹
¹
¯
x
À
¹
¹
T h e s i t e s h o u l d b e p r o t e c t e d f r o m a d v e r s e w e a t h e r c o n d i t i o n s s u c h a s h i g h w i n d s
t h a t c a n a f f e c t f u m i g a t i o n p e r f o r m a n c e .
E l e c t r i c a l p o w e r o r a g e n e r a t o r w i l l n e e d t o b e a c c e s s i b l e o n s i t e , t o r u n f a n s a n d
h e a t e r s d u r i n g f u m i g a t i o n t r e a t m e n t s .
2 . 2 S i t e f l o o r
T h e f l o o r o f a n y s i t e u s e d f o r s h e e t f u m i g a t i o n
m u s t b e :
x
F l a t a n d f r e e o f s t o n e s a n d o t h e r s h a r p
o b j e c t s s o t h a t a g a s - t i g h t s e a l c a n b e m a d e
b e t w e e n t h e s h e e t s a n d t h e f l o o r ;
x
F r e e o f c r a c k s ( i n c l u d i n g u n s e a l e d
e x p a n s i o n j o i n t s i n c o n c r e t e f l o o r s ) a n d
d r a i n s o r a n y o t h e r o p e n i n g s t h a t w i l l
r e d u c e t h e g a s - t i g h t n e s s o f t h e e n c l o s u r e .
W h e r e u n s e a l e d c r a c k s o r d r a i n s a r e p r e s e n t ,
t h e y m u s t b e n o c l o s e r t h a n 1 m
e t r e f r o m t h e
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e .
S u r f a c e s s e a l e d w i t h c o n c r e t e o r h o t m i x a s p h a l t , t h a t i s , w
i t h a s m o o t h s u r f a c e
f i n i s h t h a t a r e i n g o o d c o n d i t i o n a n d m e e t t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s l i s t e d t o t h e l e f t ,
g e n e r a l l y p r o v i d e g o o d f l o o r s u r f a c e s f o r e f f e c t i v e f u m i g a t i o n .
W h e r e u n s e a l e d c r a c k s e x i s t i n a f l o o r i n t e n d e d f o r f u m i g a t i o n , t h e y m a y b e
s e a l e d w i t h a n i m p e r v i o u s s e a l a n t .
S u r f a c e s s u c h a s s o i l ( i n c l u d i n g c e m e n t c o n s o l i d a t e d s o i l ) , s a n d , b a s e r o c k a n d
p a v i n g ( s t o n e s o r b l o c k s ) d o n o t p r o v i d e a s u i t a b l e f l o o r f o r a f u m i g a t i o n
e n c l o s u r e .
x
O n p o r o u s o r u n s u i t a b l e s u r f a c e s , f l o o r s h e e t s s h o u l d b e u s e d f o r s h e e t
f u m i g a t i o n ;
x
G a s p r o o f s h e e t s s h o u l d b e u s e d o r t h e f l o o r s h o u l d b e p e r m a n e n t l y s e a l e d ;
x
P l a s t i c s h e e t i n g o r p a p e r c o n t a i n i n g a t a r ( a s p h a l t ) l a y e r m a y b e u s e d f o r t h i s
p u r p o s e .
P a g e 8 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 9/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 10/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
3 . 2 F u m
i g a n
t p e n e
t r a t i o n
¹
T h e f u m i g a t o r m u s t v e r i f y t h a t t h e
c o n s i g n m e n t i s n o t w r a p p e d i n i m p e r v i o u s
m a t e r i a l s t h a t m a y p r e v e n t t h e m e t h y l
b r o m i d e f r o m r e a c h i n g t h e t a r g e t o f t h e
f u m i g a t i o n .
T h e f u m i g a t o r m u s t v e r i f y t h a t t h e t a r g e t o f
t h e f u m i g a t i o n d o e s n o t h a v e i m p e r v i o u s
s u r f a c e s o r c o a t i n g s s u c h a s p a i n t s , l a c q u e r s
a n d v e n e e r s t h a t m a y p r e v e n t t h e e f f e c t i v e
p e n e t r a t i o n o f m e t h y l b r o m i d e .
I m p e r v i o u s w r a p p i n g s s u c h a s p l a s t i c , t a r r e d
o r w a x e d p a p e r s , a l u m i n i u m f o i l e t c . m u s t
b e p e r f o r a t e d , c u t o r r e m o v e d
p r i o r t o
f u m i g a t i o n t o a l l o w t h e m e t h y l b r o m i d e t o
r e a c h t h e t a r g e t o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n .
I f t h e c o n s i g n m e n t c a n n o t b e f u l l y i n s p e c t e d f o r i m p e r v i o u s m a t e r i a l s b e c a u s e o f
p r o b l e m s w i t h a c c e s s i b i l i t y t h e f u m i g a t o r c a n ;
x
R e l y o n a p a c k i n g d e c l a r a t i o n f r o m t h e s u p p l i e r / s h i p p e r / p a c k e r t h a t
d e s c r i b e s h o w t h e c o n s i g n m e n t i s p a c k a g e d a n d w h a t p a c k i n g m a t e r i a l s
h a v e b e e n u s e d t h a t a l l o w s a s s e s s m e n t o f t h e c o n s i g n m e n t ’ s s u i t a b i l i t y
f o r f u m i g a t i o n .
O r , i f t h i s d o c u m e n t a t i o n i s n o t a v a i l a b l e ;
x
C o n t a c t a n o t h e r p a r t y t h a t h a s s u f f i c i e n t k n o w l e d g e o f t h e c o n s i g n m e n t
t o o b t a i n a w r i t t e n d e c l a r a t i o n t h a t s t a t e s t h a t i t i s f r e e f r o m i m p e r v i o u s
s u r f a c e s o r w r a p p i n g s t h a t w o u l d p r e v e n t a n e f f e c t i v e f u m i g a t i o n .
I f s u i t a b l e d e c l a r a t i o n s c a n n o t b e o b t a i n e d t h e c o n t a i n e r s h o u l d b e u n p a c k e d f o r
i n s p e c t i o n p r i o r t o f u m i g a t i o n . T h e i n s p e c t i o n m u s t b e c o n d u c t e d e i t h e r b y t h e
f u m i g a t o r o r b y a n o t h e r p a r t y t h a t s u b s e q u e n t l y p r o v i d e s t h e f u m i g a t o r w i t h a
w r i t t e n d e c l a r a t i o n i n d i c a t i n g t h a t i t i s f r e e f r o m i m p e r v i o u s s u r f a c e s o r
w r a p p i n g s .
I m p e r v i o u s w r a p p i n g d o e s n o t n e e d t o b e
c u t o r r e m o v e d p r i o r t o f u m i g a t i o n i f i t
c o n f o r m s t o t h e A Q I S w r a p p i n g a n d
p e r f o r a t i o n s t a n d a r d a n d i s n o t m o r e t h a n
o n e l a y e r t h i c k .
U
V
Á
Â
Ã
¥
£
¦ ¤
¥
¦
t
W
©
¥
§
£
©
¦
Â
§
¥
¦
¥
T o m e e t A Q I S p e r f o r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r f u m i g a t i o n i m p e r v i o u s m a t e r i a l s
m u s t c o n t a i n n o t l e s s t h a n f o u r ( 4 ) p e r f o r a t i o n s o f 6 m m
d i a m e t e r / m
2 o r f i v e ( 5 )
p e r f o r a t i o n s o f 5 m m d i a m e t e r / m
2 . P l a s t i c w r a p s c o n t a i n i n g n u m e r o u s p i n h o l e s
( a t l e a s t 6 h o l e s / c m
2 ) , f r e q u e n t l y u s e d f o r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n o f f r u i t a n d v e g e t a b l e s
a r e a l s o a c c e p t a b l e .
Ä
¹
¶
¶
T i m b e r p r o d u c t s m u s t b e f u m i g a t e d b e f o r e
a n y s u r f a c e c o a t i n g s u c h a s l a c q u e r i n g o r
p a i n t i s a p p l i e d u n l e s s t h e p r o d u c t h a s a t
l e a s t o n e u n c o a t e d s u r f a c e a n d a m a x i m u m
t h i c k n e s s o f 1 0 0 m m f r o m t h e u n c o a t e d
s u r f a c e .
M e t h y l b r o m i d e w i l l , i n g e n e r a l , o n l y p e n e t r a t e 1 0 0 m m
f r o m t h e s u r f a c e i n t o
t i m b e r w i t h i n t h e f u m i g a t i o n e x p o s u r e p e r i o d .
P a g e 1 0 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 11/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
4 . 1 S h e e
t f u m
i g a
t i o n
°
«
®
¯
¾
ª
¹
¹
Å
F o r a n y s h e e t f u m i g a t i o n :
x
F u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s m u s t b e p o s i t i o n e d o r
p r o t e c t e d w i t h s u i t a b l e p a d d i n g t o a v o i d
a n y s h a r p c o r n e r s o r o b j e c t s t h a t m i g h t
d a m a g e t h e m ;
x
S h e e t s m u s t b e a r r a n g e d s o t h a t t h e r e i s a t
l e a s t 5 0 0 m m o f s h e e t e x t e n d i n g b e y o n d
t h e l i m i t o f t h e s e a l ;
x
I n h i g h w i n d s , r o p e s o r b e l t s m u s t b e u s e d
t o h o l d f u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s i n
p l a c e t o
p r e v e n t t h e m f r o m f l a p p i n g l o o s e ;
x
C o r n e r s a n d a r e a s w h e r e r o p e s , e l e c t r i c a l
l e a d s , g a s s i n g p i p e s a n d m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s
e m e r g e f r o m b e t w e e n o r u n d e r t h e s h e e t s
m u s t b e t i g h t l y s e a l e d ;
x
L o o s e f u m i g a t i o n s h e e t i n g o n c o r n e r s o f
s t a c k s m u s t b e s e c u r e d b y f o l d i n g , r o l l i n g
a n d c l i p p i n g t o p r e v e n t b l o w i n g o u t i n t h e
w i n d ;
x
W h e r e m o r e t h a n o n e c o n t a i n e r i s b e i n g
f u m i g a t e d u n d e r s h e e t , a t l e a s t o n e d o o r o f
e a c h c o n t a i n e r m u s t b e f u l l y o p e n e d .
F u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s c a n b e j o i n e d b y t i g h t l y r o l l i n g a 4 0 0 m m t o 5 0 0 m m o v e r l a p p e d
j o i n , w h i c h s h o u l d b e s e c u r e d b y t i g h t g r i p p i n g w e l d i n g s t y l e c l i p s .
J o i n s s h o u l d b e m a d e o n , a n d s u p p o r t e d b y , a s o l i d s u r f a c e e . g . a c o n t a i n e r r o o f o r
w a l l .
W h e n b a t t e n s a r e u s e d , t h e r e m u s t b e a t l e a s t t h r e e t o f o u r f u l l t u r n s o f t h e s h e e t s
a r o u n d t h e b a t t e n s a n d t h e r o l l e d s h e e t s m u s t b e h e l d t o g e t h e r w i t h t i g h t g r i p p i n g
c l i p s .
T o p r e v e n t j o i n e d s h e e t s f r o m c o m i n g a p a r t t h e y s h o u l d b e s e c u r e d w i t h w e i g h t s
o r r o p e s .
P a g e 1 1 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 12/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
4 . 1
C o n
t i n u e
d
x
»
Å
-
x
À
¹
¶
¶
µ
»
Æ
¯
¾
S a n d o r w a t e r s n a k e s u s e d t o s e a l t h e j u n c t i o n
o f f u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s a n d t h e f l o o r m u s t b e
o v e r l a p p e d a n d p o s i t i o n e d t o p r e v e n t
f u m i g a n t l e a k a g e . S e e 5 . 4 S a n d a n d w a t e r
s n a k e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s
T h i n l y c o a t e d , w o v e n m a t e r i a l s a l l o w t o o m u c h g a s t o b e l o s t a n d a r e u n s u i t a b l e
a s f u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s .
P o o l l i n e r s o r a n n e a l e d p o l y p r o p y l e n e s h e e t s a r e a l s o u n s u i t a b l e a s t h e y a l l o w
m e t h y l b r o m i d e t o
e s c a p e t o o r a p i d l y .
4 . 2 U s i n g g a s - t i g
h t c o n
t a i n e r s a s
f u m
i g a
t i o n e n c l o s u r e s
ª
¹
I f t h e d e c a y t i m e b e t w e e n 2 0 0 P a a n d 1 0 0 P a
i s l e s s t h a n 1 0 s e c o n d s , t h e c o n t a i n e r m u s t b e
e n c l o s e d u n d e r a g a s p r o o f s h e e t b e f o r e b e i n g
f u m i g a t e d w i t h m e t h y l b r o m i d e .
S e e A P P E N D I X 6 : P r e s s u r e t e s t i n g e n c l o s u r e s f o r g a s - t i g h t n e s s .
P a g e 1 2 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 13/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
4 . 3 P r e s s u r e
t e s t i n g r e q u
i r e m e n
t s f o r u n - s h e e
t e d c o n
t a i n e r s
¶
¶
¶
¶
ª
¶
¹
¾
T h e p r e s s u r e w i t h i n t h e c o n t a i n e r m u s t b e
r a i s e d t o 2 5 0 P a a n d t h e d e c a y t i m e f r o m 2 0 0
P a t o
1 0 0 P a m u s t b e m e a s u r e d .
T h e p r e s s u r e d e c a y t i m e m u s t b e 1 0 s e c o n d s
o r m o r e .
I f a c o n t a i n e r d o e s n o t p a s s t h i s t e s t t h e n i t
m u s t b e e n c l o s e d u n d e r a g a s - p r o o f s h e e t
b e f o r e f u m i g a t i o n .
C o n t a i n e r s w h i c h p a s s t h e p r e s s u r e t e s t m a y
b e f u m i g a t e d w i t h m e t h y l b r o m i d e w i t h o u t
e n c l o s i n g t h e m u n d e r g a s p r o o f s h e e t s , a n d
t h e y m u s t b e t r e a t e d a s a s h e e t e d e n c l o s u r e
f r o m t h i s p o i n t f o r w a r d .
C a r e m u s t b e t a k e n t o e n s u r e t h a t m o n i t o r i n g
t u b e s , f u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s a n d e l e c t r i c a l
l e a d s i n t r o d u c e d i n t o a c o n t a i n e r a f t e r t h e
p r e s s u r e t e s t a r e a d e q u a t e l y s e a l e d t o m a i n t a i n
a g a s - t i g h t c o n d i t i o n .
T o p e r f o r m a p r e s s u r e t e s t , t h e p r e s s u r e i n s i d e t h e c l o s e d c o n t a i n e r s h o u l d b e
r a i s e d t o 2 5 0 P a u s i n g h i g h - p r e s s u r e c o m p r e s s e d a i r s u p p l i e d f r o m a p o r t a b l e
c o m p r e s s o r o r g a s c y l i n d e r . A s t h e p r e s s u r e i n s i d e t h e c o n t a i n e r r e a c h e s 2 5 0 P a ,
t u r n o f f t h e c o m p r e s s e d a i r s u p p l y a n d :
x
A l l o w t h e p r e s s u r e t o d e c a y t o 2 0 0 P a ;
x
S t a r t m e a s u r i n g t h e t i m e ( i n s e c o n d s ) w h e n i t r e a c h e s 2 0 0 P a ;
x
S t o p m e a s u r i n g t h e t i m e ( i n s e c o n d s ) w h e n i t r e a c h e s 1 0 0 P a ;
x
R e c o r d t h e p r e s s u r e d e c a y t i m e .
P a g e 1 3 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 14/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
4 . 4 C h a m
b e r
f u m
i g a
t i o n
µ
A p r e s s u r e t e s t m u s t b e p e r f o r m
e d n o t l e s s
t h a n t w i c e a y e a r . A g e n e r a l m a i n t e n a n c e
c h e c k m u s t b e p e r f o r m e d a t l e a s t o n c e a y e a r .
S e e 4 . 3 P r e s s u r e t e s t i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r u n -
s h e e t e d c o n t a i n e r s .
D o o r s e a l s m u s t b e i n s p e c t e d b e f o r e
u n d e r t a k i n g e a c h f u m i g a t i o n t r e a t m e n t .
C h a m b e r f u m i g a t i o n r e f e r s t o f u m i g a t i o n t r e a t m e n t s p e r f o r m e d i n s i d e s p e c i f i c a l l y
d e s i g n e d c h a m b e r s o r p e r m a n e n t l y s i t u a t e d c o n t a i n e r s a d a p t e d f o r t h i s p u r p o s e .
T h e f o l l o w i n g a c t i o n s s h o u l d o c c u r b e f o r e p e r f o r m i n g a n y c h a m b e r f u m i g a t i o n :
x
C h e c k t h a t t h e c h a m b e r i s n o t d a m a g e d a n d t h a t t h e r e a r e n o o b j e c t s b e t w e e n
t h e c h a m b e r a n d t h e c h a m b e r d o o r t o i m p a i r t h e s e a l ;
x
V i s u a l l y i n s p e c t t h e d o o r s e a l s o f t h e c h a m b e r a n d r e p l a c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y .
¬
S e e 5 . 1 M o n i t o r i n g t u b e s .
S e e 5 . 2 F u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s .
U
T h e u s e o f a n e x h a u s t f a n w i l l a i d i n t h e v e n t i l a t i o n o f t h e c h a m b e r .
Ç
µ
Å
¾
S e e 5 . 3 F a n s
S e e 1 . 5 T e m p e r a t u r e
P a g e 1 4 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 15/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
4 . 5 S a
f e t y
¾
¾
A ‘ r i s k a r e a ’ m u s t b e s e t u p w i t h a m i n i m u m
o f 3 m e t r e s c l e a r a n c e a r o u n d t h e s h e e t e d
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e i n t h e o p e n , o r 6 m e t r e s
c l e a r a n c e i n a n e n c l o s e d a r e a , a n d w a r n i n g
s i g n s p u t i n p l a c e . T h e a r e a m u s t b e c l e a r e d
o f a n y u n p r o t e c t e d p e r s o n n e l , t h a t i s ,
p e r s o n n e l n o t w e a r i n g a r e s p i r a t o r , a n d a t n o
t i m e d u r i n g t h e f u m i g a t i o n t r e a t m e n t s h o u l d
u n p r o t e c t e d p e r s o n n e l b e a l l o w e d t o e n t e r t h e
‘ r i s k a r e a ’ .
R e s p i r a t o r s m u s t b e f i t t e d w i t h a c o r r e c t g a s
c a r t r i d g e a n d s p e c i f i e d b y t h e m
a n u f a c t u r e r a s
s u i t a b l e f o r m e t h y l b r o m i d e ( A X f i l t e r t y p e ) .
G a s f i l t e r c a n i s t e r s s h o u l d b e u s e d a n d r e p l a c e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e
m a n u f a c t u r e r ’ s i n s t r u c t i o n s .
P a g e 1 5 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 16/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
5 . 1 M
o n
i t o r i n g
t u b e s
¶
µ
¹
¹
¹
¶
Å
¶
Å
Å
Å
M o n i t o r i n g t u b e s m u s t b e p l a c e d a s f a r a s
p r a c t i c a b l e f r o m f u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s .
©
¦
§
¥
£
¦
m u s t h a v e o n e
m o n i t o r i n g
t u b e p l a c e d :
x
¥
§
§
V
§
©
d
¥
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
– a s f a r
f r o m t h e d o o r s a s p o s s i b l e ;
x
¥
e
©
§
©
§
V
¦
§
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
a s i s p r a c t i c a b l e ;
x
¥
§
§
V
W
©
¦
§
d
¥
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
.
U
Ã
©
¦
§
¥
£
¦
( i n t h e o n e e n c l o s u r e ) m u s t
h a v e o n e m o n i t o r i n g t u b e p l a c e d :
x
¥
§
§
V
§
©
¦
§
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
i n
e a c h c o n t a i n e r ;
x
¥
§
§
V
W
©
¦
§
d
¥
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
i n
e i t h e r c o n t a i n e r .
U
È
©
¦
§
¥
£
¦
©
¢
©
( i n t h e o n e
e n c l o s u r e ) m u s t h a v e o n e m o n i t o r i n g t u b e
p l a c e d :
x
¥
§
§
V
§
©
¦
§
©
W
§
V
©
¢
¢
©
£
§
i n
e a c h c o n t a i n e r .
S e e A P P E N D I X 7 : M o n i t o r i n g t u b e
p l a c e m e n t f o r c o n t a i n e r f u m i g a t i o n .
M o n i t o r i n g t u b e i n l e t s s h o u l d b e a t l e a s t 2 m e t r e s f r o m t h e o u t l e t o f f u m i g a n t
s u p p l y p i p e s .
B e f o r e p l a c i n g m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s i n s i d e a n e n c l o s u r e , e n s u r e t h a t :
x
E a c h m o n i t o r i n g t u b e c a n b e i d e n t i f i e d t h r o u g h t h e u s e o f t a g s o r i n d i v i d u a l l y
c o l o u r e d t u b e s .
C r u s h - p r o o f n y l o n o r h y d r a u l i c t u b i n g o r s i m i l a r ( 3 m m e x t e r n a l d i a m e t e r a n d
a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 m m i n t e r n a l d i a m e t e r ) i s e f f e c t i v e f o r m o n i t o r i n g g a s
c o n c e n t r a t i o n s w h e n c o n t a i n e r s a n d o t h e r e n c l o s u r e s a r e f u m i g a t e d .
C a r e s h o u l d b e t a k e n t o e n s u r e t h a t :
x
T h e m o n i t o r i n g
t u b e s d o n o t a b s o r b m e t h y l b r o m i d e ;
x
A f r e e f l o w m i x t u r e o f g a s / a i r c a n b e m a i n t a i n e d ;
x
N o k i n k s o r b l o c k a g e s a r e p r e s e n t i n t h e t u b e s ; a n d
x
M o n i t o r i n g t u b e s e x t e n d b e y o n d t h e b o u n d a r y o f t h e r i s k a r e a .
P a g e 1 6 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 17/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
5 . 2 F u m
i g a n
t s u p p
l y p
i p e s
F u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s m u s t b e
p l a c e d a s f a r
a s p r a c t i c a b l e f r o m f u m i g a n t m o n i t o r i n g
t u b e s .
M o n i t o r i n g t u b e i n l e t s s h o u l d b e a t l e a s t 2 m e t r e s f r o m t h e o u t l e t o f f u m i g a n t
s u p p l y p i p e s .
T o p r e v e n t l e a k a g e f r o m s u p p l y p i p e s :
x
M a k e a g a s - t i g h t s e a l a r o u n d e v e r y s u p p l y p i p e e x i t p o i n t f r o m t h e e n c l o s u r e ;
x
S e a l t h e e x p o s e d e n d s a f t e r t h e f u m i g a n t h a s b e e n i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e
e n c l o s u r e .
¬
¹
W h e r e m u l t i p l e f u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s y s t e m s
a r e u s e d , t h e e n t i r e s y s t e m m u s t b e b a l a n c e d
i n o r d e r t o a c h i e v e e v e n d i s t r i b u t i o n
t h r o u g h o u t t h e e n c l o s u r e .
I n o r d e r t o b a l a n c e t h e s y s t e m , e a c h a r m o f
t h e s y s t e m m u s t c o n s i s t o f f u m i g a n t s u p p l y
p i p e s t h a t a r e e q u a l i n t o t a l l e n g t h a n d
d i a m e t e r .
T h e u s e o f m u l t i p l e f u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e s w i l l a s s i s t i n d i s t r i b u t i n g t h e f u m i g a n t
w h e n l a r g e e n c l o s u r e s o r s e v e r a l c o n t a i n e r s i n t h e o n e e n c l o s u r e a r e t r e a t e d .
W h e r e t h e s y s t e m i s b a l a n c e d , i t i s p o s s i b l e t o e f f e c t i v e l y d e l i v e r a l l o f t h e
f u m i g a n t t h r o u g h t h e e n t i r e s y s t e m s i m u l t a n e o u s l y .
W h e r e t h e s y s t e m c a n n o t b e b a l a n c e d , t h e c o r r e c t a m o u n t o f f u m i g a n t s h o u l d b e
d i s p e n s e d t h r o u g h e a c h s u p p l y p i p e i n t u r n u n t i l t h e t o t a l a m o u n t o f f u m i g a n t i s
a p p l i e d .
S e e A P P E N D I X 8 : F u m i g a n t g a s s u p p l y p i p e s y s t e m s .
P a g e 1 7 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 18/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 19/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
6 . 1 C a
l c u
l a t i o n o
f f u m
i g a t i o n e n c
l o s u r e v o
l u m e
½
¹
W h e n f u m i g a t i n g s h e e t e d e n c l o s u r e s t h e
m e a s u r e dÉ
§
¦
¥
e
d i m e n s i o n s m u s t b e u s e d
W h e r e a n e n c l o s e d u n s h e e t e d c o n t a i n e r o r
c h a m b e r i s u s e d f o r f u m i g a t i o n , t h e v o l u m e o f
a n y g a s c i r c u l a t i o n e q u i p m e n t e x t e r n a l t o t h e
c h a m b e r m u s t b e i n c l u d e d i n t h e c a l c u l a t i o n
o f t h e e n c l o s u r e v o l u m e , t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e
k n o w n
£
¦
§
¦
¥
e
v o l u m e o f t h e c o n t a i n e r o r
c h a m b e r
S e e A P P E N D I X 9 : C a l c u l a t i n g
t h e v o l u m e o f
d i f f e r e n t l y s h a p e d f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e s .
T h e v o l u m e o f m o s t f r e i g h t c o n t a i n e r s i s c o m m o n l y f o u n d o n t h e o u t s i d e o f t h e
c o n t a i n e r , b u t t h i s m e a s u r e m e n t c a n o n l y b e u s e d i f t h e c o n t a i n e r i s n o t s h e e t e d
a n d h a s b e e n s a t i s f a c t o r i l y p r e s s u r e t e s t e d .
S e e 4 . 3 P r e s s u r e t e s t i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r u n - s h e e t e d c o n t a i n e r s .
6 . 2 C a
l c u
l a t i o n o
f f u m
i g a n
t d o s a g e
½
µ
«
®
¯
®
°
±
²
S e e w w w . a q i s . g o v . a u / i c o n
T o c a l c u l a t e t h e d o s a g e ( w e i g h t ) o f m e t h y l b r o m i d e t o b e i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e , t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a m u s t b e a p p l i e d :
D = V x C
W h e r e :
D = D o s a g e ( i n g r a m s ) ;
V = V o l u m e ( i n c u b i c m e t r e s ) ;
C = R e q u i r e d c o n c e n t r a t i o n ( i n g r a m s p e r c u b i c m e t r e ) .
½
°
¶
¶
Ê
T o c a l c u l a t e c o m p e n s a t i o n f o r a m i x t u r e o f 9 8 % m e t h y l b r o m i d e a n d 2 %
c h l o r o p i c r i n t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a a p p l i e s :
D = ( V x C ) ÷ 0 . 9 8
½
°
·
°
S e e 1 . 5 T e m p e r a t u r e .
P a g e 1 9 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 20/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
7 . 1 U s i n g a v a p o r i s e r
¿
¹
µ
M e t h y l b r o m i d e m u s t b e a p p l i e d t o t h e
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e i n g a s e o u s f o r m .
T h i s
m u s t b e a c h i e v e d i n a l l c i r c u m s t a n c e s b y
a p p l y i n g t h e l i q u i d f u m i g a n t t h r o u g h a
v a p o r i s e r ( H O T G A S S I N G ) i n o r d e r t o f u l l y
v o l a t i l i s e t h e f u m i g a n t p r i o r t o i t s e n t r y i n t o
t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e .
S e e A P P E N D I X 1 0 : V a p o r i s e r s f o r m e t h y l
b r o m i d e .
I n w a r m o r h o t c l i m a t e s , a m b i e n t t e m p e r a t u r e s c a n n o t b e r e l i e d o n t o a d e q u a t e l y
v a p o r i s e l i q u i d m e t h y l b r o m i d e d u r i n g t h e g a s s i n g p r o c e s s .
T h e w a t e r i n t h e v a p o r i s e r u n i t s h o u l d b e r a i s e d t o b o i l i n g p o i n t b e f o r e a n y l i q u i d
m e t h y l b r o m i d e i s r e l e a s e d i n t o i t . T h e w a t e r s h o u l d b e m a i n t a i n e d a t t h i s
t e m p e r a t u r e f o r a s l o n g a s p o s s i b l e t h r o u g h o u t t h e g a s i n t r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s a n d
s h o u l d n o t b e a l l o w
e d t o f a l l b e l o w 6 5 º C t o e n s u r e c o m p l e t e v a p o r i s a t i o n o f t h e
m e t h y l b r o m i d e ( a n d c h l o r o p i c r i n i f p r e s e n t ) .
T h e t e m p e r a t u r e c a n b e m o n i t o r e d d u r i n g t h e g a s i n t r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s b y h o l d i n g
t h e g a s s u p p l y p i p e f r o m t h e v a p o r i s e r t o t h e f u m i g a t i o n
e n c l o s u r e . T h e p i p e
s h o u l d f e e l w a r m / h o t t h r o u g h o u t t h e p e r i o d i n w h i c h t h e g a s i s i n t r o d u c e d . I f t h e
t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e p i p e r e d u c e s s i g n i f i c a n t l y , e i t h e r s t o p t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f t h e
f u m i g a n t a n d a l l o w
t h e w a t e r i n t h e v a p o r i s e r t o r e - b o i l , o r s l o w
t h e f l o w o f t h e
f u m i g a n t f r o m t h e c y l i n d e r t o t h e v a p o r i s e r .
C o m p l e t e f u m i g a n t v a p o r i s a t i o n w i l l a l l o w m o r e e f f e c t i v e d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d
p e n e t r a t i o n o f t h e f u m i g a n t , a n d w i l l r e d u c e t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f p r o d u c t d a m a g e a n d
p e s t s u r v i v a l .
P a g e 2 0 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 21/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
7 . 2 D i s t r i b u
t i n g
f u m
i g a n
t w i t h i n t h e e n c
l o s u r e
¿
¹
¿
Ë
¹
I f a l l c o n c e n t r a t i o n
l e v e l s c a n n o t b e a c h i e v e d
Ì
£
§
V
£
¦
q
Í
©
W
§
V
e
©
Ì
§
¥
£
¦ ¤
Î
x ¡
£
e
£
d
£
¡
¢
Ï
t h e f u m i g a n t s h o u l d b e r e d i s t r i b u t e d b y t u r n i n g o n t h e f a n f o r a
f u r t h e r p e r i o d o f t i m e . C o n c e n t r a t i o n s s h o u l d t h e n b e m e a s u r e d t o s e e i f
e q u i l i b r i u m h a s b e e n r e a c h e d .
U
V
£
©
V
© ¡
e
d
©
¦
§
£
¦ ¡
¡
¦
§
£
e
£
§
V
x ¡
£
e
£
d
£
¡
¢
£
¥
V
©
Ì
V
¦
§
V
e
e
©
d
e
©
Ì
§
V
§
¥
¦
¥
T h e f u m i g a t i o n c a n n o t s t a r t i f t h e f u m i g a n t l e v e l s d r o p b e l o w t h e s t a n d a r d
c o n c e n t r a t i o n ( A ) a s d i s p l a y e d i n A P P E N D I X 1 1 : M e t h y l B r o m i d e F u m i g a t i o n
R e a d y R e c k o n e r . I f t h e c a u s e c a n b e i d e n t i f i e d a n d r e c t i f i e d w i t h o u t r e m o v i n g
t h e s h e e t o r l o s i n g e x c e s s i v e f u m i g a n t f r o m t h e e n c l o s u r e , t h e e n c l o s u r e m a y b e
r e - d o s e d a n d t h e f u m i g a t i o n p r o c e s s c o n t i n u e d .
7 . 3 C h e c
k i n g
f o r
l e a
k s
¿
µ
C h e c k i n g f o r l e a k s m u s t b e c a r r i e d o u t d u r i n g
t h e f u m i g a n t i n t r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s a n d a f t e r a l l
t h e f u m i g a n t h a s b e e n a p p l i e d t o t h e e n c l o s u r e
a t t h e s t a r t o f f u m i g a t i o n .
A s m a l l a m o u n t o f f u m i g a n t s h o u l d b e r e l e a s e d t h r o u g h t h e s y s t e m p r i o r t o t h e
r e l e a s e o f t h e t o t a l d o s e . A l l j o i n s a n d c o n n e c t i o n s s h o u l d b e c h e c k e d f o r l e a k a g e
a n d c o r r e c t i v e a c t i o n t a k e n , i f r e q u i r e d .
P a g e 2 1 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 22/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
8 . 1 M
o n
i t o r i n g
f r e q u e n c y
U
U
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
£
©
d
¤
£
¦
Ì
V
¦
¥
e
e
§
V
¥
£
¦ ¤
¥
¥
§
©
¥
d
©
§
V
§
¥
¦
¥
©
¦
¦
§
¥
§
£
©
¦
¥
¦
x
¡
£
e
£
d
£
¡
¢
V
¥
d
¦
¥
V
º
¬
-
º
Å
Ð
º
Å
°
± Ñ
Å
Å
µ
M o n i t o r i n g e q u i p m e n t r e q u i r e s r e g u l a r c a l i b r a t i o n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e t o e n s u r e i t
o p e r a t e s e f f e c t i v e l y . I t i s p a r t i c u l a r l y i m p o r t a n t t o m a i n t a i n c a r b o n d i o x i d e a n d
m o i s t u r e a b s o r b e r s f i t t e d t o i n s t r u m e n t s ( i f a p p l i c a b l e ) . W h e r e b a t t e r i e s a r e u s e d ,
t h e y s h o u l d b e c h e c k e d r e g u l a r l y f o r w o r k i n g c o n d i t i o n .
A n y m o n i t o r i n g e q u i p m e n t m a y b e u s e d p r o v i d i n g i t i s c a p a b l e o f r e l i a b l y
m e a s u r i n g m e t h y l b r o m i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s w i t h i n t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e o f
b e t w e e n
2 – 1 0 0 g / m ³ . H o w e v e r , i t s h o u l d b e n o t e d t h a t t h e d o s a g e r e q u i r e d f o r s o m e
t r e a t m e n t s w i l l r e s u l t i n m e t h y l b r o m i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n e x c e s s o f 1 0 0 g / m ³
d u r i n g t h e i n i t i a l s t a g e s o f t h e t r e a t m e n t .
P a g e 2 2 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 23/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
8 . 2 F u m
i g a n
t l e v e
l s –
S t a r t - p o
i n t a n
d E n d - p o
i n t
T A B L E 2 : M
O N I T O R I N G T I M E S
É
©
¡
£
©
Â
§
¥
§ Ò
©
£
¦
§
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦ ¤
£
Ò
©
£
¦
§
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦
¤
¦
Ò
©
£
¦
§
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦
¤
Ó
(
%
%
1
B
'
0
H
a
B
5
S
A
%
R
'
&
(
1
B
(
b
$
A
%
1
A
(
'
6
$
0
P
%
5
0
h
(
$
1
$ %
A
(
'
%
5
0
'
C
D
(
1
5
(
@
(
h
1
1
B
'
1
(
S
$
D
$
C
A
$
S
)
B
'
%
C
(
(
0
'
h
B $
(
y
(
6
"
Ô
9
5
1
A
(
S
$
A
(
6
C
S
1
)
'
7
C
(
S
0
6
(
A
1
'
&
(
0
0
6
5
b
(
@
5
%
S
A
(
@
(
A
$
5
6
H
a
B
5
S
A
%
5
A
)
5
A
(
R
'
&
(
1
B
(
b
$
A
%
1
A
(
'
6
$
0
P
%
5
0
h
(
$
1
$ %
A
(
'
%
5
0
'
C
D
(
1
5
(
@
(
h
1
1
B
'
1
(
S
$
D
$
C
A
$
S
)
B
'
%
C
(
(
0
'
h
B $
(
y
(
6
"
Ô
3
H
B
5
S
A
%
'
b
1
(
A
%
1
'
A
1
'
0
6 '
%
A
(
S
$
A
(
6
"
0
6
5
b
(
@
5
%
S
A
(
@
(
A
$
5
6
º
F u m i g a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s m u s t b e m e a s u r e d a t :
q
Â
§
¥
§ Ò
©
£
¦
§
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦ ¤
T h e f u m i g a t i o n e x p o s u r e p e r i o d b e g i n s w h e n
t h e m e t h y l b r o m i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a t a l l
m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t s a r e A T O R A
B O V E T H E
S T A N D A R D a n d h a v e r e a c h e d
E Q U I L I B R I U M ( w h e n a l l r e a d i n g s a r e w i t h i n
1 5 % o f t h e l o w e s t r e a d i n g ) .
¦
Ò
©
£
¦
§
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦ ¤
M e t h y l b r o m i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a t a l l
m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t s m u s t b e A T O R A B O V E
T H E S T A N D A R D a t t h e e n d o f t h e
f u m i g a t i o n p e r i o d , b e f o r e f u m i g a t i o n c a n b e
d e c l a r e d s u c c e s s f u l .
S e e A P P E N D I X 1 1 : M e t h y l B r o m i d e
F u m i g a t i o n R e a d y R e c k o n e r .
* E q u i l i b r i u m c a n b e a c h i e v e d q u i c k e r i f :
x
T h e r e i s g o o d f r e e a i r s p a c e i n t h e e n c l o s u r e
x
T h e a r e s u f f i c i e n t f a n s a n d t h e y a r e p o s i t i o n e d t o b e s t e f f e c t
x
T h e m e t h y l b r o m i d e i s a p p l i e d a s a h o t g a s .
P a g e 2 3 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 24/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
8 . 3 F u m
i g a n
t c o n c e n
t r a t i o n s
T h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s p r e s e n t e d i n t h e r e a d y r e c k o n e r a r e b a s e d o n t h e r e q u i r e d
p e r c e n t a g e r e t e n t i o n i n t h e f o l l o w i n g t a b l e :
T A B L E 3 :
S T A N D A R D C O N C E N T R A T I O N S R E Q U I R E D A T S P E C I F I C
M O N I T O R I N G T I M E S
Õ
o
~
Ö
{
o
|
o
~
|
~
|
o
o
}
×
Ø
z
o
Ù
Ø
Ú
o
o
Û
z
o
Ù
×
Ú
o
o
Ü
z
o
Ý
×
Ú
o
o
Þ
z
o
Ø
×
Ú
o
o
Û
Ü
z
o
ß
Ø
Ú
o
o
Ü
Þ
z
o
ß
×
Ú
o
o
Þ
à
z
o
Ü
Ø
Ú
o
o
º
¹
Å
á
á
S e e A p p e n d i x 1 1 M e t h y l B r o m i d e R e a d y
R e c k o n e r
S o m e q u a r a n t i n e t r e a t m e n t s r e q u i r e a h i g h e r
r e t e n t i o n r a t e t h a n w h a t i s s p e c i f i e d i n t h i s
S t a n d a r d . I n s u c h c a s e s t h e h i g h e r r e t e n t i o n
r a t e i s t h e e n d - p o i n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n t h a t m u s t
b e a c h i e v e d f o r a s u c c e s s f u l f u m i g a t i o n .
T h i s i s m o s t c o m m o n f o r f u m i g a t i o n s o f
p e r i s h a b l e c o m m o d i t i e s w h e r e t h e r e i s a s h o r t
e x p o s u r e t i m e .
S e e A P P E N D I X 1 1 : M e t h y l B r o m i d e F u m i g a t i o n R e a d y R e c k o n e r .
P a g e 2 4 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 25/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
º
Ê
I f r e a d i n g s f r o m t h e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t s a r e N O T w i t h i n 1 5 % o f t h e l o w e s t
r e a d i n g a t s t a r t p o i n t , t h e r e m a y b e a p r o b l e m w i t h :
x
I n a d e q u a t e f u m i g a n t d i s t r i b u t i o n t h r o u g h o u t t h e e n c l o s u r e .
x
B l o c k a g e s i n t h e m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s o r o t h e r m o n i t o r i n g p r o b l e m s .
x
M o n i t o r i n g e q u i p m e n t ( m a l f u n c t i o n ) .
W h e r e t h e p r o b l e m i s i d e n t i f i e d a s i n a d e q u a t e f u m i g a n t d i s t r i b u t i o n , t h e f a n ( s )
s h o u l d b e t u r n e d o n a n d r u n f o r a f u r t h e r p e r i o d o f 1 5 - 3 0 m i n u t e s a n d t h e
r e a d i n g s r e t a k e n .
I f f u m i g a n t l e v e l s a r e b e l o w t h e r e q u i r e d s t a n d a r d c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a t a n y t i m e
d u r i n g t h e f u m i g a t i o n e x p o s u r e p e r i o d , i n a d d i t i o n t o t h e p o s s i b l e c a u s e s l i s t e d
a b o v e , t h e r e m a y b e a p r o b l e m w i t h :
x
F u m i g a t i o n s h e e t s o r f u m i g a t i o n f l o o r .
x
G a s - t i g h t s e a l s b e t w e e n s h e e t s a n d f l o o r .
x
H i g h l y s o r p t i v e c o m m o d i t y .
x
I n c o r r e c t d o s a g e .
I f t h e c a u s e c a n b e i d e n t i f i e d a n d r e c t i f i e d w i t h o u t r e m o v i n g t h e s h e e t o r l o s i n g
e x c e s s i v e f u m i g a n t f r o m t h e e n c l o s u r e , t h e f u m i g a t i o n c a n c o n t i n u e a s n o r m a l s o
l o n g a s c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a r e e q u a l t o o r a b o v e t h e s t a n d a r d c o n c e n t r a t i o n s ( A ) a s s e t
o u t i n t h e R e a d y R e c k o n e r . S e e A p p e n d i x 1 1 M e t h y l B r o m i d e F u m i g a t i o n R e a d y
R e c k o n e r .
A d d i t i o n a l f u m i g a n t m a y n e e d t o b e a d d e d t o t o p - u p t h e
c o n c e n t r a t i o n t o a
s a t i s f a c t o r y l e v e l .
W h e r e t h e c a u s e c a n n o t b e r e a d i l y i d e n t i f i e d ( p a r t i c u l a r l y i n s m a l l e r f u m i g a t i o n
e n c l o s u r e s , s u c h a s c o n t a i n e r s ) f u m i g a t i o n s h o u l d b e s t o p p e d a n d t h e f u m i g a n t
v e n t i l a t e d f r o m t h e
e n c l o s u r e .
O n c e t h e a r e a i s s a f e ( f r e e o f f u m i g a n t a t l e v e l s h a z a r d o u s t o h u m a n s ) t h e
c o m m o d i t i e s a n d t h e e n c l o s u r e s h o u l d b e i n s p e c t e d f o r p o s s i b l e c a u s e s .
P a g e 2 5 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 26/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
8 . 4 T o p p
i n g - u p
º
¾
¹
¾
¹
º
¾
.
W h e n t o p p i n g - u p i s d o n e a f t e r t h e e n d p o i n t
m o n i t o r i n g t h e e x p o s u r e p e r i o d
m u s t b e
e x t e n d e d f o r a f u r t h e r 4 h o u r s a n d f i n a l
m o n i t o r i n g r e a d i n g s m u s t b e t a k e n a n d
r e c o r d e d .
T h e t o p - u p d o s a g e m u s t b e a p p l i e d i n
a c c o r d a n c e w i t h S e c t i o n 7 : P e r f o r m i n g t h e
f u m i g a t i o n .
T o p p i n g - u p i s n o t a n a c c e p t a b l e a c t i o n s o l e l y
t o c o m p e n s a t e f o r i n a d e q u a t e o p e r a t i o n a l
p r a c t i c e s
e . g . u s e o f t o r n o r u n s u i t a b l e f u m i g a t i o n
s h e e t s .
T o p p i n g - u p m u s t o n l y b e u n d e r t a k e n w h e n
f u m i g a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a r e a b o v e t h e
m i n i m u m c o n c e n t r a t i o n t o a l l o w t o p - u p ( B ) a t
a l l m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t s .
F u m i g a n t l e v e l s m u s t n o t b e t o p p e d - u p a b o v e
t h e m a x i m u m t o p - u p c o n c e n t r a t i o n ( C ) .
I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e m o n i t o r i n g t i m e s i n T A B L E
2 m o n i t o r i n g m u s t t a k e p l a c e a t i n t e r v a l s n o t
g r e a t e r t h a n 6 h o u r s a p a r t t h r o u g h o u t t h e
f u m i g a t i o n p e r i o d i f i t i s s u s p e c t e d t h a t t h e
r e l e v a n t f i n a l c o n c e n t r a t i o n w i l l n o t b e
a c h i e v e d . M o n i t o r i n g a t t h e s e t t i m e s m u s t
s t i l l b e d o n e .
T h e r e a r e t w o o p t i o n s a v a i l a b l e f o r t o p p i n g - u p m e t h y l b r o m i d e :
O p t i o n 1 - T o p - u p – S t a r t - p o i n t a n d E n d - p o i n t m o n i t o r i n g w i t h t o p - u p o p t i o n a t
t h e e n d .
T h i s o p t i o n a l l o w s f o r t o p p i n g - u p t h e l e v e l o f m e t h y l b r o m i d e a t t h e e n d o f t h e
f u m i g a t i o n p e r i o d , b u t o n l y
i n c e r t a i n c i r c u m s t a n c e s a n d o n l y i f f u m i g a n t
c o n c e n t r a t i o n l e v e l s h a v e b e e n m o n i t o r e d a c c o r d i n g t o T A B L E 3 .
I f t h e f u m i g a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n f a l l s b e l o w t h e%
1
'
0
6
'
A
6 h
5
0
h
(
0
1
A
'
1
$
5
0
( A ) b u t n o t
b e l o w t h e
)
$
0 $
)
S
)
h
5
0
h
(
0
1
A
'
1
$
5
0
( C ) i n d i c a t e d i n A P P E N D I X 1 1 : M e t h y l
B r o m i d e F u m i g a t i o n R e a d y R e c k o n e r . T h e f u m i g a n t l e v e l s m a y b e t o p p e d u p t o
n o t m o r e t h a n t h e
)
'
$
)
S
)
1
5
@
s
S
@
h
5
0
h
(
0
1
A
'
1
$
5
0
( B ) .
O p t i o n 2 - T o p - u p – C o n t i n u o u s m o n i t o r i n g w i t h t o p - u p
o p t i o n s .
T h i s o p t i o n s h o u l d b e u s e d w h e n h i g h l y s o r p t i v e c o m m o d i t i e s h a v e t o b e
f u m i g a t e d a n d t h e n e e d f o r a t o p - u p i s i n d i c a t e d .
C o m m o d i t i e s c o n s i d e r e d t o b e h i g h l y s o r p t i v e t o m e t h y l b r o m i d e i n c l u d e :
F i s h M e a l s ; B o n e M e a l s ; C o r n M e a l s ; N u t s ; S e e d s ; F a t s ; C o f f e e B e a n s a n d
c o m m o d i t i e s p a c k e d i n p o l y s t y r e n e m a t e r i a l .
S e e A P P E N D I X 1 2 : E x a m p l e s o f ‘ T o p - u p ’ c a l c u l a t i o n s .
P a g e 2 6 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 27/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
9 . 1 V e n
t i l a t i o n
T h i s c a n b e d o n e b y e i t h e r n a t u r a l a e r a t i o n o r f o r c e d v e n t i l a t i o n u s i n g f a n s o r
o t h e r a p p r o p r i a t e e q u i p m e n t .
T h e t i m e t a k e n t o r e a c h t h e T L V ( 5 p p m i n A u s t r a l i a ) m a y t a k e l o n g e r t h a n 4 8
h o u r s , p a r t i c u l a r l y w h e n :
x
C o m m o d i t i e s a r e f u m i g a t e d i n 4 0 f t ( 1 2 . 2 m ) c o n t a i n e r s ;
x
C o m m o d i t i e s a r e t i g h t l y p a c k e d o r s o r p t i v e ;
x
F r e e a i r s p a c e a r o u n d t h e c o m m o d i t y i s l e s s t h a n a t o t a l o f 3 5 0 m m .
B e f o r e m e a s u r i n g T L V , t h e
f u m i g a t o r s h o u l d s w i t c h o f f a l l f a n s b e i n g u s e d f o r
a e r a t i o n o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e . W h e r e c o n t a i n e r s h a v e b e e n s h e e t e d , t h e
s h e e t m u s t b e f u l l y
r e m o v e d p r i o r t o t e s t i n g f o r T L V . W
h e r e c o n t a i n e r s h a v e b e e n
f u m i g a t e d , f u m i g a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n s s h o u l d b e s a m p l e d f r o m o n e o r m o r e
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e p o i n t s f r o m w i t h i n t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e . A f t e r t a k i n g t h e
s a m p l e s t h e f u m i g a t o r w i l l c l o s e t h e e n c l o s u r e a n d l e a v e t h e r i s k a r e a .
A f t e r 3 0 m i n u t e s o f v e n t i l a t i o n , t h e f u m i g a t o r s h o u l d r e o p e n t h e e n c l o s u r e a n d
c h e c k t h e f u m i g a n t c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n s i d e t h e e n c l o s u r e . I f t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n i s l e s s
t h a n o r e q u a l t o 5 p p m , t h e e n c l o s u r e m a y b e d e c l a r e d s a f e . I f c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f
f u m i g a n t a b o v e 5 p p m a r e d e t e c t e d , t h e f u m i g a t o r s h o u l d l e a v e t h e r i s k a r e a , r e -
v e n t i l a t e u s i n g f a n s o r n a t u r a l l y v e n t i l a t e t h e e n c l o s u r e f o r a f u r t h e r p e r i o d o f t i m e
a n d r e c o m m e n c e t h e T L V c h e c k p r o c e d u r e . T h i s p r o c e s s s h o u l d b e r e p e a t e d u n t i l
a l l s e c t i o n s o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e h a v e b e e n p r o v e d s a f e f o r r e - e n t r y .
â
±
Å
¹
â
ã
ä
ã
ä
ã
I f t h e r e i s t h e l i k e l i h o o d o f e x c e e d i n g t h e
T L V , t h e n
t h e r i s k a r e a m u s t b e e x t e n d e d
b e y o n d t h e r e c o m m e n d e d d i s t a n c e f o r t h e
d u r a t i o n o f t h e v e n t i l a t i o n .
N o t e
C o m m o d i t i e s t h a t h a v e n o t b e e n a d e q u a t e l y v e n t i l a t e d t h r e a t e n t h e h e a l t h o f
p e o p l e p a c k i n g a n d i n s p e c t i n g f u m i g a t e d c o m m o d i t i e s .
A n o t i c e m a y b e p l a c e d o n t h e c o n t a i n e r s t a t i n g :
“ D u e t o p o s s i b l e d e s o r p t i o n o f f u m i g a n t f r o m t h e c o m m o d i t i e s w i t h i n t h i s
c o n t a i n e r , f u r t h e r v e n t i l a t i o n m a y b e n e c e s s a r y b e f o r e t h e c o n t a i n e r i s e n t e r e d a n d
t h e c o m m o d i t i e s r e m o v e d ”
P a g e 2 7 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 28/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
9 . 1 C o n
t i n u e
d
â
Å
Å
ä
ã
â
µ
å
Ð
æ
¶
¶
¹
»
¹
B e f o r e a n y u n p r o t e c t e d p e r s o n n e l a r e a l l o w e d
a c c e s s t o a f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e a n d ‘ r i s k
a r e a ’ i t m u s t b e d e c l a r e d f r e e f r o m h a z a r d o u s
l e v e l s o f f u m i g a n t ( a t o r b e l o w T L V ) .
B e f o r e a f u m i g a t e d c o n t a i n e r o r c o m m o d i t y i s
r e l e a s e d f r o m t h e c o n t r o l o f t h e f u m i g a t o r , i t
m u s t b e d e c l a r e d f r e e f r o m h a z a r d o u s l e v e l s
o f f u m i g a n t ( a t o r b e l o w T L V ) i n a i r s p a c e s o f
t h e c o m m o d i t y o r p a c k i n g m a t e r i a l e n c l o s i n g
t h e c o m m o d i t y .
L e a k d e t e c t i o n e q u i p m e n t m u s t n o t b e u s e d
f o r t h i s p u r p o s e .
W h e r e t h e r e i s n o d o c u m e n t a t i o n s h o w i n g t h a t a n e n c l o s u r e o r c o n t a i n e r h a s b e e n
v e n t i l a t e d , h a n d l e r s s h o u l d t r e a t i t a s s t i l l ‘ u n d e r g a s ’ u n t i l i t c a n b e d e c l a r e d s a f e .
9 . 2 C e r t i f i c a
t i o n
â
Å
¹
«
®
¯
Å
á
S e e A P P E N D I X 4 : E x a m p l e o f a r e c o r d o f f u m i g a t i o n .
S e e A P P E N D I X 5 : E x a m p l e o f a f u m i g a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e .
P a g e 2 8 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 29/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
A P P E N D I X 1 : F u m
i g a
t i o n o f
P e r i s h a
b l e C o m m o
d i t i e s
I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s d e s c r i b e d i n t h e M e t h y l B r o m i d e F u m i g a t i o n S t a n d a r d , p e r i s h a b l e c o m m o d i t i e s f u m i g a t e d t o I C O N
a n d P H Y T O
d a t a b a s e r e q u i r e m e n t s m u s t m e e t t h e f o l l o w i n g :
1 . G e n e r a
l c o n
d i t i o n s
®
¹
¹
¹
°
Å
S e e S e c t i o n s 6 . 1 a n d S e c t i o n 6 . 2 o f t h e
S t a n d a r d
S e e S e c t i o n 8 . 3 o f t h e S t a n d a r d
I f t h e p l a n t s a r e t o r e m a i n i n t h e i r o r i g i n a l b o x e s o r o t h e r p a c k a g e s , o r a r e p l a c e d
i n o t h e r p a c k a g e s f o r f u m i g a t i o n , e n s u r e t h a t t h e r e i s a d e q u a t e v e n t i l a t i o n b y
c u t t i n g h o l e s o r m a k i n g n u m e r o u s g a p s i n a l l s i d e s o f t h e p a c k a g e s .
G a s i m p e r v i o u s m a t e r i a l s ( p l a s t i c w r a p s , c e l l o p h a n e , f i l m , s h r i n k w r a p ,
a l u m i n i u m f o i l a n d
p a p e r s t h a t a r e t a r r e d o r w a x e d , l a m i n a t e d , o r w a t e r p r o o f e d )
t h a t m e e t A Q I S p e r f o r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s d o n o t n e e d t o b e s l a s h e d , o p e n e d , c u t
o r r e m o v e d . T o m e e t A Q I S p e r f o r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r f u m i g a t i o n , i m p e r v i o u s
m a t e r i a l s m u s t c o n t a i n n o t l e s s t h a n f o u r ( 4 ) p e r f o r a t i o n s o f 6 m m d i a m e t e r / 1 0 0
c m 2 o r f i v e ( 5 ) p e r f o r a t i o n s o f 5 m m d i a m e t e r / 1 0 0 c m 2 . P l a s t i c w r a p s c o n t a i n i n g
n u m e r o u s p i n h o l e s ( a t l e a s t 6 h o l e s p e r c m
2 ) , f r e q u e n t l y u s e d f o r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n o f
f r u i t a n d v e g e t a b l e s a r e a l s o a c c e p t a b l e .
U
M e t h y l b r o m i d e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s m a y d e c l i n e b e l o w a n e f f e c t i v e l e v e l w h e n m e t h y l
b r o m i d e i s u s e d t o t r e a t c o m m o d i t i e s p a c k e d i n p o l y s t y r e n e b o x e s .
P a g e 2 9 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 30/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 0 o f 6 2
2 . F r e
s h f r u i t a n
d v e g e
t a b l e
s
Å
T h e t e m p e r a t u r e m u s t b e m e a s u r e d b y
p l a c i n g t h e t e m p e r a t u r e p r o b e i n t o t h e
c e n t r e o f a p i e c e o f f r u i t l o c a t e d i n t h e
m i d d l e o f a c a r t o n . A t l e a s t t h r e e
t e m p e r a t u r e r e a d i n g s m u s t b e t a k e n f r o m
f r u i t i n t h r e e d i f f e r e n t c a r t o n s / p a l l e t s a n d
f r o m d i f f e r e n t v a r i e t i e s w i t h i n t h e
c o n s i g n m e n t :
x
F r o m o n e c a r t o n a t t h e t o p o f t h e p a l l e t ;
x
F r o m o n e c a r t o n i n t h e m
i d d l e o f t h e
p a l l e t ;
x
F r o m o n e c a r t o n a t t h e b o t t o m o f t h e
p a l l e t .
S o m e c o m m o d i t i e s r e q u i r e s p e c i f i c m i n i m u m t e m p e r a t u r e s , e . g . N e w Z e a l a n d
s t r a w b e r r i e s 1 8 o C .
W h e r e a p p r o p r i a t e , t h e c o m m o d i t y m a y b e w a r m e d t o m
e e t t h e m i n i m u m
t e m p e r a t u r e r e q u i r e m e n t .
S o m e p e r i s h a b l e c o m m o d i t i e s ( e . g . g a r l i c a n d o n i o n s ) r e l e a s e h i g h a m o u n t s o f
c a r b o n d i o x i d e a n d
t h i s a f f e c t s g a s m e a s u r e m e n t s o f s o m e i n s t r u m e n t s . I t i s
p a r t i c u l a r l y i m p o r t a n t t o m a i n t a i n t h e c a r b o n d i o x i d e a n d m o i s t u r e a b s o r b e r s
f i t t e d t o i n s t r u m e n t s . W h e r e b a t t e r i e s a r e u s e d , t h e y s h o u l d b e c h e c k e d f o r
w o r k i n g c o n d i t i o n .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 31/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 1 o f 6 2
3 . N u r s e r y s t o c
k a n
d f r e s h c u t
f l o w e r s
ª
ç
°
¹
¶
ç
°
ª
¹
Ç
¹
Å
µ
C h l o r o p i c r i n i s p h y t o t o x i c a n d m u s t n o t
b e u s e d .
S e e S e c t i o n 1 . 5 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 5 . 3 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
P l a n t s m a y b e c o v e r e d w i t h s i n g l e s h e e t s o f d a m p n e w s p a p e r s o t h a t t h e g a s i s n o t
c i r c u l a t e d d i r e c t l y o n t o t h e m .
T h e f u m i g a t i o n o f p l a n t s a b o v e 3 0 o C s h o u l d b e a v o i d e d a s p l a n t s m a y b e c o m e
s t r e s s e d o r d a m a g e d .
P l a n t s s h o u l d n o t b e w e t , b u t r o o t s s h o u l d
b e m o i s t t o p r e v e n t d a m a g e .
L o w h u m i d i t y d u r i n g t r e a t m e n t m a y d a m a g e p l a n t s . R e l a t i v e h u m i d i t y i n t h e
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e s h o u l d b e h e l d a b o v e 7 5 % d u r i n g f u m i g a t i o n .
I n t h e a b s e n c e o f w a t e r m
i s t e r s w i t h i n t h e f u m i g a t i o n c h a m b e r , d a m p n e w s p a p e r s
a n d s h a l l o w t r a y s o f w a t e r m a y a l s o b e p l a c e d o n t h e f l o o r o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n
c h a m b e r t o h e l p p r e v e n t p l a n t d e s i c c a t i o n .
E x c e s s i v e a i r c u r r e n t s d u r i n g f u m i g a t i o n o r t h e p o s t - t r e a t m e n t a e r a t i o n p e r i o d
a g g r a v a t e i n j u r y . I t i s r e c o m m e n d t h a t c i r c u l a t i n g a n d v e n t i l a t i n g f a n s o r b l o w e r s
b e o p e r a t e d f o r t h e m i n i m u m l e n g t h o f t i m e r e q u i r e d f o r d i s t r i b u t i n g t h e f u m i g a n t
e v e n l y o r f o r r e m o v i n g t o x i c c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a f t e r t r e a t m e n t .
A l t e r n a t i v e l y , f l o w e r s c a n b e r e m o v e d f r o m t h e c a r t o n s a n d p l a c e d u p r i g h t i n t h e
f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e .
S o m e f l o w e r s , f o r e x a m p l e r o s e s , m a y b e i m p o r t e d w i t h c a r d b o a r d c o l l a r s o r
p l a s t i c s l e e v e s t o p r e v e n t b r u i s i n g d u r i n g t r a n s p o r t . T h e s e m a y b e r e t r a c t e d o r
r e m o v e d t o a l l o w e f f e c t i v e g a s c i r c u l a t i o n .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 32/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 2 o f 6 2
4 . P o s t f u
m i g a
t i o n
T h e o r i g i n a l p a c k i n g m a t e r i a l m a y b e u s e d a s l o n g a s i t h a s b e e n f u m i g a t e d a l s o .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 33/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 3 o f 6 2
A P P E N D I X 2 : F u m
i g a
t i o n o
f v e s s e
l s w
i t h m e
t h y
l b r o m
i d e
I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o u t l i n e d i n t h e A Q I S M e t h y l B r o m i d e S t a n d a r d a n d I C O N , t h e
Y a c h t a p p e n d i x i s i n t e n d e d f o r t h e f u m i g a t i o n o f v e s s e l s t h a t c a n b e s h e e t e d
o r s e a l e d f o r f u m i g a t i o n . S e e 4 . 2 U s i n g g a s t i g h t c o n t a i n e r s a s f u m i g a t i o n e n c l o s u r e s a n d 4 . 3 P r e s s u r e t e s t i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r u n - s h e e t e d c o n t a i n e r s o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
¹
¹
T i m b e r c o m p o n e n t s m u s t n o t b e c o v e r e d o r
c o a t e d . S e e S e c t i o n 3 . 2 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
¡
§
©
§
V
©
¢
e É
¦
¥
§
¡
©
W
e
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
¥
Ì
£
§
§
¦
e
¥
¦
W
©
¥
V
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
¢ ¡
§
d
¡
d
¢
£
§
§
§
©
Á
Â
W
©
¥
©
¥
e
d
W
©
W
¡
¢
£ ¤
¥
§
£
©
¦
©
¢
¢
¦
T h e f u m i g a t o r m u s t v i s i t t h e v e s s e l t o a s s e s s
h o w i t w i l l b e p r e p a r e d a n d f u m i g a t e d .
T h e w r i t t e n p l a n m u s t c o n t a i n t h e f o l l o w i n g
i n f o r m a t i o n :
x
L o c a t i o n o f f u m i g a t i o n s i t e
x
H o w t h e v e s s e l w i l l b e s e a l e d / s h e e t e d
x
I f t h e v e s s e l i s t o b e s e a l e d , h o w i t w i l l b e
p r e s s u r e t e s t e d
x
T h e n u m b e r a n d l o c a t i o n s o f f u m
i g a n t
s u p p l y p i p e s
x
T h e n u m b e r a n d l o c a t i o n o f f a n s
x
T h e n u m b e r a n d l o c a t i o n o f m o n i t o r i n g
t u b e s
x
T h e c a l c u l a t i o n o f f u m i g a n t t o b e u s e d
a n d e n c l o s u r e v o l u m e .
S e e S e c t i o n 6 . 1 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
T h e p l a n c a n b e p r e s e n t e d a s a d i a g r a m w i t h l o c a t i o n s o f s u p p l y p i p e s , f a n s a n d
m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d .
T h e d i a g r a m d o e s n o t h a v e t o b e t o s c a l e , b u t n e e d s t o b e l e g i b l e a n d s h o u l d
i n d i c a t e t h e f u m i g a n t e n c l o s u r e v o l u m e a c c o u n t i n g f o r v o l u m e r e d u c t i o n s f o r a n y
a d d e d f i t t i n g s e t c .
Y a c h t d i m e n s i o n s a r e u s u a l l y p r o v i d e d i n t h e o w n e r ’ s m a n u a l .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 34/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 35/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 36/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 6 o f 6 2
2 . C o n t i n u e
d
¿
¹
¹
º
Ç
Å
¹
¹
S e e S e c t i o n 5 . 2 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
£
¦
£
¢ ¡
¢
x ¡
£
¢
¦
§
f o r s i n g l e s t o r e y
v e s s e l s :
x
¦
£
p e r v e s s e l l e s s t h a n 1 5
m e t r e s
i n l e n g t h . T h e l i n e s h o u l d b e c e n t r a l l y
l o c a t e d ( e . g . m i d - s h i p ) .
x
U
Ì
©
£
p e r v e s s e l g r e a t e r t h a n 1 5
m e t r e s i n l e n g t h . O n e l i n e s h o u l d b e
p l a c e d f o r w a r d a n d o n e a f t .
£
¦
£
¢ ¡
¢
x ¡
£
¢
¦
§
f o r m u l t i - s t o r e y
v e s s e l s :
x
¦
£
§
©
f o r v e s s e l s l e s s t h a n
1 5 m e t r e s i n l e n g t h . W i t h d u e r e g a r d f o r
i n t e r n a l l a y o u t , t h e l i n e s h o u l d b e
c e n t r a l l y l o c a t e d ( e . g . m i d - s h i p ) .
x
U
Ì
©
£
§
©
f o r v e s s e l s g r e a t e r
t h a n 1 5 m e t r e s i n l e n g t h . W i t h d u e r e g a r d
f o r i n t e r n a l l a y o u t , o n e l i n e s h o u l d b e
p l a c e d f o r w a r d a n d o n e a f t .
I n o r d e r t o b a l a n c e t h e s y s t e m , e a c h a r m o f
t h e s y s t e m m u s t c o n s i s t o f f u m i g a n t s u p p l y
p i p e s t h a t a r e e q u a l i n t o t a l l e n g t h a n d
d i a m e t e r .
T h e s i z e a n d d e s i g n o f a v e s s e l w i l l d e t e r m i n e t h e n u m b e r o f f u m i g a n t s u p p l y
p i p e s n e e d e d f o r e f f e c t i v e f u m i g a t i o n .
Â
£
¦
¤
e
§
©
e
è
S i n g l e s t o r e y v e s s e l s a r e t h o s e w i t h o n e a c c o m m o d a t i o n d e c k w i t h u n d e r - f l o o r
c o m p a r t m e n t s t h a t h a v e a s h a r e d a i r s p a c e a n d a s i m p l e w e a t h e r d e c k . V e s s e l s
w i t h a d i s t i n c t s e p a r a t e b u t s i m p l e w h e e l h o u s e o n t h e u p p e r d e c k c o u l d b e t r e a t e d
a s a s i n g l e s t o r e y v e s s e l .
V e s s e l s w i t h o n e a c c o m m o d a t i o n d e c k , b u t s e g r e g a t e d
b y w a t e r p r o o f b u l k h e a d s
b r o k e n i n t o d i s t i n c t s p a c e s , m a y n e e d t o b e t r e a t e d
s e p a r a t e l y .
¡
e
§
£ Ò
§
©
e
è
M u l t i - s t o r e y v e s s e l s a r e t h o s e t h a t h a v e s e p a r a t e f l o o r s / l e v e l s , i n c l u d i n g
i n h a b i t a b l e l e v e l s . V e s s e l s w i t h a s i n g l e s t o r e y t h a t h a v e s t o r a g e a n d b i l g e a r e a s
u n d e r t h e f l o o r s h o u l d b e t r e a t e d a s a s i n g l e - s t o r e y v e s s e l .
C o m p l e x o r u n u s u a l v e s s e l s w i l l o f t e n h a v e d i s t i n c t s e a l e d b u l k h e a d s a n d s t o r a g e
c o m p a r t m e n t s ( f o r e x a m p l e : p a t r o l b o a t s , f i s h i n g v e s s e l s a n d p a c k i c e v e s s e l s ) .
W h e n f u m i g a t i n g t h e s e t y p e s o f v e s s e l s , t h e s e r e q u i r e m e n t s s h o u l d b e t a k e n i n t o
a c c o u n t t o d e t e r m i n e f u m
i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e n u m b e r s a n d p l a c e m e n t . I n s o m e
c a s e s , t h e r e w i l l n e e d t o b e a f a n , a s u p p l y p i p e a n d a m o n i t o r i n g t u b e i n e a c h
s e p a r a t e c o m p a r t m e n t .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 37/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 7 o f 6 2
2 . C o n t i n u e
d
â
¹
T h e r e m u s t b e e n o u g h f a n s s i t u a t e d i n
a p p r o p r i a t e l o c a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t t h e v e s s e l ,
w i t h e n o u g h c a p a c i t y t o a d e q u a t e l y a n d
e v e n l y d i s t r i b u t e t h e f u m i g a n t .
F a n s a r e r e q u i r e d f o r a t l e a s t t h e f i r s t 3 0
m i n u t e s o f t h e f u m i g a t i o n o r u n t i l e q u i l i b r i u m
a n d i n i t i a l d o s e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s h a v e b e e n
r e a c h e d .
S e e S e c t i o n 5 . 3 a n d S e c t i o n 7 . 2 o f t h e
S t a n d a r d .
£
¦
£
¢ ¡
¢
x ¡
£
¢
¦
§
a r e :
Â
£
¦ ¤
e
§
©
e
è
x
¦
W
¥
¦
p e r v e s s e l f o r s m a l l s i n g l e c a b i n
a r e a v e s s e l s ( e . g . c a b i n c r u i s e r s ) . T h e
f a n
m u s t b e l o c a t e d a d j a c e n t t o a n i n j e c t i o n
l i n e .
x
U
Ì
©
W
¥
¦
p e r v e s s e l b e t w e e n 1 5 – 3 0
m e t r e s i n l e n g t h . O n e f a n m u s t b e p l a c e d
f o r w a r d a n d o n e a f t .
x
U
V
W
¥
¦
p e r v e s s e l g r e a t e r t h a n 3 0
m e t r e s i n l e n g t h . O n e f a n m u s t b e p l a c e d
f o r w a r d , o n e m i d - s h i p a n d o n e a f t .
¡
e
§
£ Ò
§
©
e
è
x
U
Ì
©
W
¥
¦
§
©
. O n e f a n m u s t b e
p l a c e d f o r w a r d a n d o n e a f t .
F a n s s h o u l d r u n s e q u e n t i a l l y t o a s s i s t w i t h t h e m o v e m e n t o f t h e f u m i g a n t f r o m
a r e a s w h e r e i t h a s b e e n i n t r o d u c e d t o a r e a s w h e r e n o f u m i g a n t s u p p l y p i p e i s
p r e s e n t .
A l l d o o r s a n d c o m p a r t m e n t s s h o u l d b e o p e n e d t o a l l o w f a n s t o b e e f f e c t i v e .
H i g h v e l o c i t y a n d h i g h v o l u m e f a n s s h o u l d n o t r u n f o r l o n g e r t h a n 1 5 - 2 0
m i n u t e s a f t e r t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f t h e f u m i g a n t , a s t h e y m a y f o r c e t h e f u m i g a n t
o u t o f t h e e n c l o s u r e .
T h e s i z e a n d d e s i g n o f a v e s s e l w i l l d e t e r m i n e t h e n u m b e r o f f a n s n e e d e d .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 38/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 8 o f 6 2
2 . C o n t i n u e
d
¶
ã
¹
»
¹
®
¹
Å
.
F o r f u m i g a t i o n u n d e r s h e e t , a n a d d i t i o n a l
m o n i t o r i n g t u b e m u s t b e p l a c e d o u t s i d e t h e
v e s s e l , b e t w e e n t h e v e s s e l a n d t h e s h e e t .
£
¦
£
¢ ¡
¢
x ¡
£
¢
¦
§
a r e :
Â
£
¦ ¤
e
§
©
e
è
T h r e e t u b e s p e r v e s s e l . E a c h v e s s e l m
u s t h a v e
o n e t u b e p l a c e d a s f o l l o w s :
x
C e i l i n g l e v e l f o r w a r d
x
M i d - s h i p a r o u n d 1 . 5 m e t r e s a b o v e t h e
f l o o r .
x
A t o r b e l o w f l o o r l e v e l a f t .
©
e
¤
¥
§
§
V
¥
¦
¢
§
£
¦
e
¦ ¤
§
V
W
© ¡
¢
©
¦
£
§
©
£
¦ ¤
§ ¡
d
¥
x
¡
£
T h e s e a r e t o b e s i t u a t e d a s a b o v e , w i t h t h e
a d d i t i o n a l p l a c e d m i d - s h i p – o n e i n a c a b i n
a n d o n e i n a c o r r i d o r , b o t h a r o u n d 1 . 5 m e t r e s
a b o v e t h e f l o o r .
¡
e
§
£ Ò
§
©
e
è
T h r e e m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s
§
©
. E a c h
s t o r e y m u s t h a v e o n e t u b e p l a c e d a s f o l l o w s :
x
C e i l i n g l e v e l f o r w a r d
x
M i d - s h i p a r o u n d 1 . 5 m e t r e s a b o v e t h e
f l o o r
x
B e l o w f l o o r l e v e l a f t ( I f i t i s n o t p o s s i b l e
t o p l a c e t h e t u b e b e l o w f l o o r l e v e l i t m u s t
b e p l a c e d a t f l o o r l e v e l ) .
T h e s i z e a n d d e s i g n o f a v e s s e l w i l l d e t e r m i n e t h e n u m b e r o f m o n i t o r i n g t u b e s .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 39/62
A Q I S M e t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d –
V e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
P a g e 3 9 o f 6 2
2 . C o n t i n u e
d
S e e S e c t i o n 1 . 4 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 1 . 5 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 6 . 2 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 8 . 3 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 8 . 4 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
¬
S e e S e c t i o n 7 . 3 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
S e e S e c t i o n 8 . 1 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
ã
S e e S e c t i o n 9 . 1 o f t h e S t a n d a r d .
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 40/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 3: Commodities for which problems may occur whenfumigated with methyl bromide
é ê ë ë ê ì í î ï ð ê î ñ ò
1. Foodstuffs:a. Butter, lard and fats;
b. Iodised salt stabilised with sodium hyposulphite;c. Full fat soybean flour, whole wheat flour, other
high protein flours and baking powders;d. Nuts with high oil content;e. Certain baking sodas, cattle licks, salt blocks, or
other foodstuffs containing reactive sulphur compounds;
f. Bone meal.
Never exceed the recommended dosage or exposure periods for food or foodstuff commodities.Foods imported into Australia or manufacturedin Australia must comply with the FoodStandards Codewww.foodstandards.gov.au.
2. Leather Goods Particularly kid or other leather goods tannedwith sulphur processes.
3. Woollens Extreme caution should be used in thefumigation of Angora woollens.Some adverse effects have been noted onwoollen socks, sweaters, shawls and yarn.
4. Viscose rayon Rayons processed or manufactured with the useof carbon bisulfide.
5. Photographic chemicals Excluding camera film or X-ray film.6. Paper:
a. Silver polishing papers; b. Certain writing and other papers cured by sulphide
processes;c. Photographic prints;d. “Carbonless” carbon paper;e. Blueprint papers.
7. Rubber Goods:a. Sponge rubber;
b. Foam rubber, such as rug padding, pillows,cushions, mattresses, and some car seals;
c. Rubber stamps and other similar forms of reclaimed rubber.
8. Vinyl9. Furs10. Feathers Especially in feather pillows.11. Rug Padding e.g. foam rubber, felts, etc.12. Charcoal, cinder blocks and activated carbon
13. Horsehair articles14. Oil artworks15. Sulphur-based paint16. Cellophane17. Polystyrene packaging and containers Polystyrene can absorb large quantities of
methyl bromide, which may take a long time todesorb.
Page 40 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 41/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 4: Example of a record of fumigation
ó ô õ ö ÷ ó ø ù ú û ü ý þ ú ù ó ÿ
Fumigation Company: ............................................................. ................................................................ ........................
Fumigator in charge:.................................................. Date: ................................... Record No:................................
ó ó ô ¡ û ÷ ÷ û ý ó ú ¢ ý þ ú ù ó ÿ
Type of commodity: ............................................................................ ..............Quantity: ..............................................
Special Marks: ...................................................................... .................................................................. .........................
Container Number(s):....... ....................................................................... ..................................................................... ...
Country/Area of Origin: ............................................................... .................................................................... ...............
Name and Address of Consigner: .................................................................. ..................................................................
Country/Area of Destination:...........................................................................................................................................
Name and Address Consignee:................................................................. ..................................................................... ..
ó ó ó ô ý þ ú ù ó ÿ û õ õ ö ÷ ó ø ù ú ó û £
£ ¤ ô ý ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ü ¥ §
1. Date fumigation commenced Date: ...........................................................
2. Place/location of fumigation .................................................................. ..
3. Fumigation to be carried out in: Permanent Chamber: ................................. F
Pressure checked container: ...................... F
Container under sheet:............................... F
Stack under sheet:...................................... F
4. Fumigation site checked for suitability Protected from wind ................................. F
Floor smooth and impervious ................... F
Undersheet used........................................ F
Site secure................................................. F
Danger area established ............................ F
Can be vented safely ............................ F
5. Verification that commodity is suitable for fumigation
Commodity on: Pallets Skids None…………………..
Appropriate space between commodity and floor, walls, ceiling and
Page 41 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 42/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
between stacking: Yes No
Timber thickness < 200 mm: Yes No
Impervious coating: Yes No
Unperforated plastic wrapping: Yes No
6. Relevant parties notified Plant Quarantine F
Owner F
Shipper F
Others (specify)………………………………..
7. Type of fumigant, recommended dose rate andexposure time
Type:….………..……Dose Rate: .………..…
Exposure Time: .………..…
8. Container pressure tested: Yes No Time 200-100Pa drop ……sec.
9. Fan installed Yes No
How many: ……. unit(s)
10. Anticipated minimum temperature ………
11. Heater and thermostat installed Yes No
How many: ……. unit(s)
12. Volume of fumigation enclosure ………….. m 3
13. Dose allowance for temperature below 21 0C Required dose rate ……gm/m 3
Allowance ……gm/m 3
Corrected required dose rate ……gm/m 3
14. Dose corrected for Chloropicrin Yes Corrected required dose rate ……gm/m 3
15. Total quantity of fumigant applied ……….. gram(s)
16. Adequate vaporizer and heating source Yes No
17. Date and Time Fumigant applied Date: ……………. Time: …………………
18. Leaks checked and adjusted Yes No
19.
ò ê ñ î
î í ê ñ
ì í ò
Page 42 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 43/62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 44/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
26. Quantity of fumigant re applied ……….. gram(s)
27. Time fumigant re applied Time: …………………
28. Final monitoring readings Date : ………………… Time: ………………
Concentration Enclosure 1 Enclosure 2 Enclosure 3 Enclosure 4
Top g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3
Middle g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3
Bottom g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3 g/m 3
98. Ventilation started Date: ……………. Time: …………………
30. Ventilation finished Date: ……………. Time: …………………
31. Final Gas concentration readings (TLV) ……………ppm.
!
î í ñ " # # í ñ í $
ñ %
!
ë í
î ê í é $
ñ
…………………………………… ………………………………….
(Signature) (Signature)
…………………………………… ………………………………….
(Print Name) (Print Name)
Page 44 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 45/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 5: Example of a fumigation certificate& ' ( ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 6 7 4 0 8
9 @ A B C D E @ A F G E E H I P P Q
õ ö ÷ ó ø ù ú ó û £ ¡ þ ü ú ó õ ó ¡ ù ú þ
& R S T U V U W X T R 1 Y ` a R S b 0 c 0 d e Y ` a R S b f f f f
This is to certify that the following regulated article has been fumigated according to the appropriate procedures toconform to the current phytosanitary requirements of the importing country:
ù ü ú ó ¡ ÿ þ ý þ ú ù ó ÿ
Description of Goods: ................................................................................................................................................Quantity declared:........................................... ……….Distinguishing marks: ...........................................................Consignment Link: ............................................................................................................. ...................................... .
Country of origin:...................................................... ..Port of loading: …………………………………………….Country of destination:..................................................Declared point of entry:.........................................................
Name and address of consignor/exporter/shipper: ................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................................................................Declared name and address of consignee/buyer/notified party: ................................................................................………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ú ü þ ù ú ÷ þ £ ú ý þ ú ù ó ÿ
Name of fumigant: ................................................................................Date of fumigation: .................................Place of fumigation:...........................................................................................................................Dosage .............................................................................................Exposure period: ......................................Minimum air temperature in container: ...............................................Fruit temperature: ....................................Fumigation carried out under gas tight enclosure/sheet: yes no n/a Fumigation performed in a container: yes no n/a Container meets pressure test requirements: yes no n/a Container has free air space in accordance with the methyl bromide standard: yes no n/a Container has been ventilated to below 5ppm v/v methyl bromide: yes no n/a
g ü ù h h ó £ ø ù £ ý ú ó ÷ i þ ü
Has the commodity been fumigated prior to lacquering, varnishing, painting or wrapping? yes no n/a Has plastic wrapping been used in the consignment?
x If yes, has the consignment been fumigated prior to plastic wrapping?x Or has the plastic wrapping been slashed, opened or perforated in
accordance with the AQIS Wrapping and Perforation Standard?
yes no n/a yes no n/a
yes no n/a Is the timber in this consignment less than 200mm thick in one dimension and
correctly spaced every 200mm in height? yes no n/a ù ý ý ó ú ó û £ ù ÿ ý þ ¡ ÿ ù ü ù ú ó û £
................... ...................... ...................... ....................... ...................... ..................... ...................... ....................... ...................... .. …….
................... ...................... ...................... ....................... ...................... ..................... ...................... ....................... ...................... .. ……....................................................................................................................................................................................……I declare that these details are true and correct and the fumigation has been carried out in accordance with the AustralianMethyl Bromide Standard.
Place and Date
Company stamp Signature and Name of Accredited Fumigator
Page 45 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 46/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
p ¤ q ¦ ¤ r ¥ ¦ s ¥ ù õ ù ù t t ¤ u ¥ v ¦ § w v § v õ r ¨ x § ¦ ¨ ¤ w ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥
For a treatment certificate to be accepted by AQIS, there is critical information that must be supplied. These are calledcritical fields. All of this information should be on a single page and be in the same format as the example certificate.The critical fields are as follows:
ô ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥ r ¦ ¥ r t t © ¨ ¥ v § w ù ó § ¥ t ¦ § © ¥ ¦ ¥ § ¦ ¥ w ¦ t ¤ u ¨ v ¥
Under AFAS, a fumigation company must appear on the Acceptable Treatment Providers list to be consideredacceptable. Acceptable treatment providers must also provide the correct AFAS ID number on the fumigationcertificate.
ô ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥ r ¦ ¥ ¤ w § w ù ó § ¥ t ¦ § © ¥ ¦ ¥ § ¦ ¥ w ¦ t ¤ u ¨ v ¥ © ¥ ¦ ¦ ¥ s ¥ § v
This letterhead should include the address of the fumigation provider that matches the address provided for registration purposes.
ô ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥ r ¦ t ¤ u ¨ v ¥ § v ¥ ¨ t ¦ ¨ ¤ w ¤ y ¦ s ¥ x ¤ ¤ v ¥ ¨ w x ¦ ¥ § ¦ ¥ v
This information should be supplied in the ‘Description of Goods’ section.
ô ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥ r ¦ ¥ ¨ x w ¥ v § ¥ t ¥ ¥ w ¦ § ¦ ¨ u ¥ ¤ y ¦ s ¥ ¦ ¥ § ¦ ¥ w ¦ t ¤ u ¨ v ¥
The representative for an AFAS approved facility must have attended the AFAS training and be accredited
under the scheme. The signature must appear below all of the information on the certificate. Where acertificate is endorsed by a government agency, the endorsement should also appear on the same page as thefumigation details .
ô ¡ ¤ w ¨ x w ¥ w ¦ ¨ v ¥ w ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¨ ¤ w
Acceptable consignment links are: a container number, a bill of lading number, marks and numbers, acommercial invoice number, a preferential tariff certificate number, a packing list number or a letter of creditnumber. Where a document does not contain one of the above forms of consignment identification, it musthave a direct numerical link to another document that does contain one of the above forms of consignmentidentification
ô ¡ ¥ ¦ ¨ y ¨ § ¦ ¥ r ¦ ¥ v § ¦ ¥ v
Both the date of the treatment and the date of signing must be displayed on the document.
The following details of the fumigation must also be displayed on the fumigation certificate for it to be consideredacceptable:
§ ô £ § ¥ ¤ y y r ¨ x § w ¦
For all AFAS treatment certificates, the name of the fumigant will be Methyl Bromide (CH 3Br). ô ý ¤ § x ¥
This is the amount of Methyl Bromide applied to the consignment during fumigation. ô ý r § ¦ ¨ ¤ w
The duration for fumigation is the time period from achieving equilibrium to releasing the gas .v ô ù ¨ õ r ¨ ¦ ¦ ¥ t ¥ § ¦ r ¥
The minimum ambient temperature reached during fumigation must be displayed. When fruit is fumigated, thecore temperature of the fruit must also be recorded.
¥ ô ý § ¦ ¥
See point 6 above
ð ê î ñ $ ñ ñ
ñ
ò ê ñ î
ì ñ î
í
ò ñ
!
í ñ ì ê î $ ñ ò î
ì
ì % #
!
ë í
î í ê ñ î í # í
î ñ í ñ
î í ê î ê î $ ñ
#
!
ë í
î í ê ê ñ ò ò
ì î $ ñ
í ê # î $ ñ ê ì
!
î $ ñ ñ
ñ
ò ñ ê ñ ò ê í ì ñ ì # ê î $ ñ ò ñ ì ñ î
í
ò j
ñ
ò ñ
î í k î $ ñ ê ñ î ê l ï ñ ò m ê m ê n
o
ê î
í
ñ î $
î
í ñ ò î ê ï ê
!
#
!
ë í
î í ê
Page 46 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 47/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 6: Pressure testing enclosures for gas-tightness
#
!
ë í
î í ê ò ë
!
ò î ñ ê ì
!
î ñ ì í
ò l î í $ î ñ
ê ò
!
ñ ò $ ñ ñ í î í ò ê î í î ñ ì ñ ì î ê ñ
ê ò ñ î $ ñ ê ë ë ê ì í î ï í
ò l
ê ê # ò $ ñ ñ î ò m î $ ñ
ò l î í $ î ñ ò ò ê # î $ ñ ñ
ê ò
!
ñ ë
!
ò î ñ ì ñ î ñ ë í ñ ì í ê î ê î $ ñ í î ê ì
!
î í ê ê #
ï #
!
ë í
î
e R W T U e V R ` T W e T X U e R S
If a container can be selected prior to packing, the procedure below should be followed.
The container should be positioned to allow easy access to all four sides and the roof. It should stand on a flat,horizontal surface to avoid twisting (or racking) that may prevent the doors from providing an adequate seal.
The container should be examined before pressure testing to ensure it is structurally sound, the sides and roof are free of significant holes, and free of obvious distortion. Containers that are obviously damaged (e.g. where large holes andgaps are present in the roof and walls, or where the doors, door seals and locks do not fit and function properly) are notsuitable and should not be pressure tested.
Where rust is present, the affected areas should be closely inspected and checked for the presence of holes. Containerswith holes, gaps or those that are badly rusted are not suitable for pressure testing. The doors must make firm contactwith each other, the doorframe and floor sill so that their seals function effectively. The rubber seals around the doorsshould be unbroken, leaving no obvious gaps. Containers with faulty doors and door seals are unsuitable for pressuretesting.
The interior of the container should be examined from inside, with the doors closed so that any gaps or holes should bevisible as they will allow light to enter the container. Containers with any holes and gaps are unsuitable for pressuretesting.
Containers with:x Wet or damaged floors are not suitable for pressure testing;x Dry floors that are in good condition showing no signs of damage are suitable for pressure testing.
& U e T R z R e T U X T S
All ventilators must be sealed on the outside of the container – ê î î $ ñ í ò í ì ñ
Make sure the area around each ventilator is dry and free from grease, then completely cover and seal all ventilators tomake them gas-tight. The most effective way to seal ventilators is to completely cover them with plastic duct tape.
It is important to unseal all ventilators at the end of the exposure period – and always before the container is loaded ontoany form of transport.) S R Y S U U e T R W e T X U e R S
This should be done without drilling holes through the walls of the container.
AQIS recommends a ‘finger manifold’ be used for pressure testing.
The finger manifold is designed to deliver high pressure compressed air into a container, rapidly pressurise it and thenallow the pressure decay time to be measured. The manifold has twelve ‘fingers’, nine of which deliver compressed air into the container while the other three measure the pressure within the container. The ‘fingers’ are made of soft copper tubing that can be bent to shape as necessary.
The manifold is bent to fit over the front of the sill so that it can be sealed between the right hand door and the sill, andremoved after the pressure test has been completed.
Page 47 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 48/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
e T S Y ` R e T V S ` R X Y S U e T R S R Y S R { R W X T U ` R
The pressure inside the container can be measured using a variety of instruments. The equipment required ranges fromrelatively simple to proprietary instruments including:
x A simple U tube manometer or an inclined manometer, using a manually operated stop watch;x Any sensitive pressure gauge, using a manually operated stop watch;
x A purpose made instrument, the CONTESTOR, which combines a pressure sensor with a timer that cuts inwhen the required pressures have been achieved.
) S W R { Y S R V S S R Y S R T R T U e
Make sure the area around the container ventilator is dry and free from grease, then completely cover and seal allventilators to make them gas-tight.
The pressure inside the closed container must be raised to 250 Pa using high-pressure compressed air supplied from a portable compressor or gas cylinders.
1) As the pressure inside the container reaches 250 Pa, turn off the compressed air supply.
2) Allow the pressure to decay to 200 Pa.
3) Start measuring the time (in seconds) when it reaches 200 Pa.
4) Stop measuring the time (in seconds) when it reaches 100 Pa.
5) Record the pressure decay time.
NOTEAQIS considers containers that give a pressure decay time from 200 to 100 Pascals of 10 seconds or more to be
gas-tight. Such containers may be fumigated with methyl bromide without enclosing them under gas proof sheets.Where the pressure decay time does not meet the minimum requirements, the container must be enclosed in gas
proof sheets.
Page 48 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 49/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
c
| }
6 4 ~ c
1
|
4 6 ( 0 1
c ' 3 8 c ' 6 8 4 3
4 6
1
|
7
|
7 ) 6 4 d d
}
6 4 & ' ( ) 6 4 d d 4 8
0
6
1 5 ' 0 & ' 1 5 0
1 4 6 0 1 8 ( 4 0 d
}
6
1
|
5 7 4 ) 6 4 d d
}
6 4
1 d
8 4 5 7 4
& ' 1 5 0
1 4 6
The ‘finger manifold’ is designed to deliver compressed air into a container, pressurise it and allow the pressure decayto be measured. The manifold (illustrated above) has twelve ‘fingers’, nine of which deliver compressed air into thecontainer, while three measure the pressure within it. The ‘fingers’ are made of soft copper tubing that can be bent toshape as necessary.
The manifold can be bent to fit either over the front of the sill or between the vertical door seal. In either case sealant is
applied between the fingers of the manifold and door seals and removed after the pressure test has been completed .
Page 49 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 50/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
c
| }
6 4
5 4 & 7 1
& 0 3 8 6 0
1
|
' c 5 7 4 c
1
|
4 6 ( 0 1
c ' 3 8 c ' 6 ) 6 4 d d
}
6 4
5 4 d 5
1
|
c 6 4
|
7 5 & ' 1 5 0
1 4 6 d
Page 50 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 51/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 7: Monitor tube placement for container fumigation
" ñ ê î
í ñ í ê ñ ñ
ê ò
!
ñ
$ ñ ñ
ò ë ê í î ê í ê í î ò
o
ê
k
o
í ì ì
ñ ñ î ñ
o
% ê î
ò ñ
$ ñ ñ ê ë ê ñ ê î
í ñ ò í ê ñ ñ
ê ò
!
ñ
" ñ
ò ë ê í î ê í ê í î
î î $ ñ î ê ñ î ñ ê # î $ ñ ê ë ë ê ì í î ï í ñ
$ ê î
í ñ
ê ê î
í ñ ò í ê ñ ñ
ê ò
!
ñ
$ ñ ñ
ò ë ê í î ê í ê í î ò
" ñ î ê ñ î ñ ê # î $ ñ ê ë ë ê ì í î ï í ñ
$ ê î
í ñ m ê ñ # ê î
ò ñ ê # ñ í î $ ñ ê î
í ñ
Page 51 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 52/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 8: Fumigant gas supply pipe systemsWhen gas is introduced into an enclosure through multiple supply pipes of differing length or diameter, the amount of gas flowing through each pipe will vary due to friction between the gas and sides of the pipe, as well as the flowdynamics of the gas.
ñ ë ñ î ò ê #
ò ò
!
ï í ñ ò # ê ò í
ñ
ì ë
!
î í
ñ ë
í # ê
ì ò ï ò î ñ ë ò î ê ñ ò
!
ñ
ñ ì
ì í ò î í
!
î í ê ê # #
!
ë í
î
ò í î ê î $ ñ #
!
ë í
î í ê ñ
ê ò
!
ñ
ª « ¬ -® ¯ ¬
°
± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ ¸ º ¶ ³ ¸
» µ µ ¸ ´ µ ¼ º ¸ ³ ½ ¸ º ¾ ² ¿ º À ¼ ¿ ´ ¼ ´ ¶ ¸ ² Á ¶ Â ½ À µ µ ¶ ¿ Ã º Ä
À ¿ Å Å ¼ À ³ ¶ º ¶ Æ
À Ç ¾ Ç ¾ È É Ç Å Ç Å
Ê
Ë
Ì Ì
Ê
ª « ¬ -® ¯ ¬
°
ª « ¬ -® ¯ ¬
°
ª « ¬ -® ¯ ¬
°
± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ ¸ º ¶ ³ ¸
» µ µ ¸ ´ µ ¼ º ¸ ³ ½ ¸ º ¾ ² ¿ º À ¼ ¿ ´ ¼ ´ ¶ ¸ ² Á ¶ Â ½ À µ µ ¶ ¿ Ã º Ä
À ¿ Å Å ¼ À ³ ¶ º ¶ Æ
À Ç ¾ Ç ¾ È É Ç Å Ç Å
Ê
Ë
Ì Ì
Ê
& ` R Í
d T R `
These examplesdemonstrate possiblemethods of creating
balanced systems for distribution of fumigantgas.
Multiple manifoldsystems are the mostadaptable, allow for quick, safe and effectivefumigation and arerecommended.
( Y T U R ( X e U V { d T R `
Î Ï ê
!
ë ñ î í ë ñ
ò
!
í ì ñ í ñ
o
ì í ò ñ ò ñ ê ò
ñ ò
d U e R ( X e U V { d T R `
The overlying principle is that a balanced system will distribute the same volume of gas through eacharm of the system at the same time. If it is not possible to achieve a balanced system then balancedapplication must be achieved by distributing measured amounts of gas through each arm of the systemin turn.
Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ô
Ø
Ù Ú Û Û Ü Ý Þ ß Ü ß à Û á â à ã ä Ú å å à Ý Þ æ ç Ú Ý è è Ü Ú é à æ à ê
ë Ü ß à Û ì á Ý Ý à ì æ à è æ á é Ú Ý Üâ á å è Ú Ý è æ á æ Ú å
ã ä Ú Ý æ Üæ í á â Þ Ú Û è Ü Û ß à Ý Û à è
Ñ Ñ Ñ
Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ô
Ø
Ù Ú Û Û Ü Ý Þ ß Ü ß à Û á â à ã ä Ú å å à Ý Þ æ ç Ú Ý è è Ü Ú é à æ à ê
ë Ü ß à Û ì á Ý Ý à ì æ à è æ á é Ú Ý Üâ á å è Ú Ý è æ á æ Ú å
ã ä Ú Ý æ Üæ í á â Þ Ú Û è Ü Û ß à Ý Û à è
Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ô
Ø
Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ô
Ø
Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ô
Ø
Ù Ú Û Û Ü Ý Þ ß Ü ß à Û á â à ã ä Ú å å à Ý Þ æ ç Ú Ý è è Ü Ú é à æ à ê
ë Ü ß à Û ì á Ý Ý à ì æ à è æ á é Ú Ý Üâ á å è Ú Ý è æ á æ Ú å
ã ä Ú Ý æ Üæ í á â Þ Ú Û è Ü Û ß à Ý Û à è
Ñ Ñ Ñ
î ï ð ñ ò ó ô õ ò
ö
÷ ø ù ù ú û ü ý ú ý þ ù ÿ ¡ û þ ¢ ¡ ø £ £ þ û ü ¤ ¥ ÿ ¦ § ú ø þ ¤ þ ¦
© ú ý þ ù ÿ û û þ ¤ þ § ú û § ú ú § ¡ ø £ £ ø û § þ ¢ ¡ ø £
¢ ¡ ø û ¤ ú ¤ ú þ ù ÿ ü ø ù § ú ù ý þ û ù þ §
ï
î ï ð ñ ò ó ô õ ò
ö
î ï ð ñ ò ó ô õ ò
ö
î ï ð ñ ò ó ô õ ò
ö
÷ ø ù ù ú û ü ý ú ý þ ù ÿ ¡ û þ ¢ ¡ ø £ £ þ û ü ¤ ¥ ÿ ¦ § ú ø þ ¤ þ ¦
© ú ý þ ù ÿ û û þ ¤ þ § ú û § ú ú § ¡ ø £ £ ø û § þ ¢ ¡ ø £
¢ ¡ ø û ¤ ú ¤ ú þ ù ÿ ü ø ù § ú ù ý þ û ù þ §
ï
! "
#
$ % & & ' ( ) 0 ' 0 1 & 2 3 1 4 5 % 6 6 1 ( ) 7 8 % ( 9 9 ' % @ 1 7 1 A
B 0 0 6 C 1 4 5 % 6 4 5 % ( 7 ' 7 C 7 8 A 2 5 ) 8 % 6 6 7 % 0 & % 7 7 8 1
& % @ 1 7 ' @ 1
! "
#
! "
#
! "
#
$ % & & ' ( ) 0 ' 0 1 & 2 3 1 4 5 % 6 6 1 ( ) 7 8 % ( 9 9 ' % @ 1 7 1 A
B 0 0 6 C 1 4 5 % 6 4 5 % ( 7 ' 7 C 7 8 A 2 5 ) 8 % 6 6 7 % 0 & % 7 7 8 1
& % @ 1 7 ' @ 1
Page 52 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 53/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 9: Calculating the volume of differently shaped fumigationenclosures The following guidelines may be used to assist in calculating the volume of differently shaped fumigation
enclosures:
The internal volume of a fumigation enclosure can be calculated by adding up the volume of its parts where:
L = Length W = Width H = HeightR = Radius (Diameter/2) D = Diameter (Radiusx2)
(Pi) = 3.142
Volumes are:
Shape 1 (triangular prism): 1/2(L x W x H)Shape 2 (rectangular prism): L x W x HShape 3 (dome): 2/3( x R x R x R)Shape 4 (cone): 1/3( x R x R x H)Shape 5 (cylinder): (R x R) x H
D
H$
ñ
D
$
ñ
$
ñ
$
ñ
D
H
H
H
L
WL
W
H
D
$
ñ E
Page 53 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 54/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 10: Vaporisers for methyl bromide
The following is a design for a simple yet sophisticated vaporiser that can be made cheaply with locally availablecomponents.
The following materials and methods are required:5 R 7 R X T 5 S X e V R S & U
The coil should be made from copper tubing and should be at least 12 metres long. It can be made from one continuouslength of copper tubing (12 mm in diameter [ID]). However, a much faster gas flow can be achieved by constructing itfrom three five metre lengths of tubing of increasing diameter; 6 mm ID, 9 mm ID and 12 mm ID, for example. Thesystem illustrated below (Diagram 1) will allow the gas to escape quickly through the outlet, avoiding excessive back-
pressure, which can slow down gas flow from the cylinder.
The whole system should allow for at least 0.1 square metres of tubing surface for every kilogram of fumigant to bevaporised each minute.
F G G H I P Q
G G H I R G G H I
S G G T U
S G G T U
S G G T U
V W X Y ` a W b c b d d e b f b d d g h W i p c a
F G G H I P Q
G G H I R G G H I
S G G T U
S G G T U
S G G T U
V W X Y ` a W b c b d d e b f b d d g h W i p c a
8 U X S X ` ~
The lengths of tubing must be carefully joined in a manner that is completely gas-tight. Suitable connectors should befitted to the inlet and outlet to meet the requirements of the gas inlet and outlet pipes. This instruction shows the use of a manifold with four outlet taps that easily allow for a balanced system to fumigate up to four or more containers at thesame time, ensuring that the same amount of gas is introduced to each.
The manifold should be constructed from 19 mm to 24 mm tubing, with suitable gas taps and outlets fitted.
The tubing should be coiled as tightly as possible to allow for the coil to fit into a suitable water container. The inletand outlet ends should be positioned above the top segment of the coil so that they are clear of the water bath (seeDiagram 2).
Page 54 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 55/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
Page 55 of 62
5 R X T R S & e T X U e R S
Stainless steel sheet 1.6 mm thick should be used to construct the water container and cowling because mild steel sheetrusts very rapidly. Handles should be provided to allow for lifting.
A cowling should be included to support thecontainer above the gas burner and to protect the
burner from the wind.
q r s t u v w x t w y x
r x y x s v w t y
v r w
r x
y t w u
q r s t u v w x t w y x
r x y x s v w t y
q r s t u v w x t w y x
r x y x s v w t y
v r w
r x
y t w u
5 R
|
X Y S e R S
A three-ring gas burner of the type used for boiling large food pots is satisfactory.
Care should be taken to use a burner that can beadjusted to burn with a hot flame, to ensure thatadequate heat can be applied to the water container both before and during the application
of the fumigant.c U T T U e
The choice of fittings for both inlet and outletwill depend on the individual and the equipmentused.
However it is strongly recommended that goodquality, gas rated fittings are used. Threadedfittings on all gas piping is stronglyrecommended, rather than relying on hoseclamps to hold piping in place on bare copper
tubing.
8 U X S X `
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 56/62
A Q I S M e
t h y
l B r o m
i d e
S t a n
d a r d – V
e r s i o n
1 . 5 –
J u l y 2 0 1 0
A P P E N D I X 1 1 : M e
t h y
l b r o m
i d e
f u m
i g a
t i o n r e a
d y r e c
k o n e r
P a g e 5 6 o f 6 2
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 57/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 12: Examples of ‘Top-up’ calculations
Chart 1 graphically shows what should happen to methyl bromide levels during a well-sealed, sheeted fumigation, based on the values in Table 3 . and an initial dosage of 48g/m 3. Also shown are the boundaries around the standardconcentration, below which the fumigation will not be acceptable. The middle line (standard concentration representsthe theoretical progress of a fumigation treatment in a well-sealed sheeted fumigation enclosure.
The middle line is the
ð é " ð é ð
" ð
(value A in the
I C H @ E I D @ F G @ A j I G E
j I B k A I H
).
The lower boundary is the í í ë
!
ë ê ñ î
î í ê î ê
ê î ê l
!
(value B in the
I C H @ E I D @ F G @ A
j I G E j I B k A I H
).
The upper boundary is the
í ë
!
ë î ê l
!
ê ñ î
î í ê
(value C in the
I C H @ E I D @ F G @ A j I G E
j I B k A I H
).
If the methyl bromide concentration falls below the minimum concentration thenî $ ñ #
!
ë í
î í ê $
ò #
í
ñ ì
and a" j l l j m ð " n é
" l
Page 57 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 58/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
4 Í X ` R ~ 5 o Y X T T R R e { V T R V Y ` U X T U e R S U {
Fumigation has been carried out, applying methyl bromide at 48 g/m 3. At 24 hours thelowest fumigant concentration at the monitor points is 12 g/m 3.
12 g/m 3 is below the AQIS Standard for 48 g/m 3 at 24 hours (14.4 g/m 3, as shown,centre figure) but above the Minimum Concentration to allow top-up (9.4 g/m 3 asshown, bottom right figure).
The AQIS Standard allows for the fumigant concentration to be topped-up to theMaximum Top-Up Concentration (19.4 g/m 3 as shown, top left figure).
To determine the amount of fumigant to be added to the enclosure, subtract the lowest concentration from themaximum top up value, as shown below:
~
o ~
Í z Y ` R V T R R e W Y S R
This figure is multiplied by the volume of the enclosure to determine the total dosage to be applied. The fumigantshould be evenly distributed to the entire enclosure, using a vaporiser, with fans operating.
The fumigation period must be extended by 4 hours, at which time ALL monitor points must read at or above thestandard (for the 24 hour standard figure).
Where any concentration has dropped below the standard, only one top-up procedure is permitted.
4 Í X ` R & e T U e Y Y T o Y { Y S U e T R V Y ` U X T U e R S U {
Fumigation has been carried out, applying methyl bromide at 48 g/m 3. At 12 hours thelowest fumigant concentration on the monitor tubes is 17 g/m 3.
It is suspected that fumigant levels may drop below standard by the end of thefumigation and a decision to top-up is made.
The AQIS Standard allows for the fumigant concentration to be topped-up to theMaximum Top-Up Concentration (21.8 g/m 3 as shown, top left figure).
To determine the amount of fumigant to be added to the enclosure, subtract the lowest concentration from themaximum top up value, as shown below:
~
o ~
Í z Y ` R V T R R e W Y S R
This figure is multiplied by the volume of the enclosure to determine the total dosage to be applied. The fumigantshould be evenly distributed to the entire enclosure, using a vaporiser, with fans operating.
No extension of the fumigation period is required, as long as the concentration has not fallen below the standard.Multiple top-up actions may take place where the concentration has not fallen below the standard.
z { | }
~
F
~
D H P
~
F
D H P
Page 58 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 59/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 13: Methyl bromide as a quarantine fumigant
Methyl bromide fumigation has been used globally as a disinfestation treatment for many years. It has a reputationfor effectiveness against a wide range of pests and commodity combinations. It is favoured in many countries for
plant quarantine because of its reputation for having:
x Good penetrating ability;x Rapid action;x High toxicity to a broad spectrum of insects and similar pests.
It is frequently used for treating timber, agricultural products, empty containers, foodstuffs, seeds and plants.
Due to its recognised effectiveness and the lack of well-tested alternatives, AQIS currently uses methyl bromideextensively for preventing exotic pest incursions into Australia. Methyl bromide is equally important as atreatment allowing Australian exporters to meet the importing requirements of other countries.
AQIS aims to minimise methyl bromide use where possible, due to its damaging effect on the ozone layer and thelikelihood that it may be phased out completely. (see Appendix_1 4: Methyl Bromide as an Ozone Depleting Gas).
This includes encouraging the efficient use of methyl bromide at minimum effective application rates and avoidingre-treatments by providing comprehensive and accurate information on treatment requirements.
d X V R T X e { ` R T a S ` U { R V S ` Y X T U e
Methyl bromide is an extremely toxic, odourless gas. Regulations in some countries may specify that methyl bromideused in fumigation treatments must contain a warning agent. This is typically 2% chloropicrin. However, methyl
bromide with chloropicrin is phytotoxic to live plants, cut flowers, fresh fruit and vegetables and seeds. In Australiachloropicrin residues are not permitted in many foodstuffs.
ð "
ò ê ë ñ ò í î
!
î í ê ò î $ ñ $
ê ê í í ë
ï ê ì ñ ò ñ
ì ê ê
m í ñ
ò í î $ ñ $ ñ
î $
ì ò
# ñ î ï $
ì ò
ò ò ê í
î ñ ì í î $ î $ ñ
!
ò ñ ê # ë ñ î $ ï
ê ë í ì ñ
Page 59 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 60/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 14: Methyl bromide as an ozone depleting gas
At a meeting of signatories to the Montreal Protocol in November 1992, methyl bromide was listed as a category 1ozone depletant. This decision was made due to concern that methyl bromide’s continued use would threaten theintegrity of the ozone layer. This is a major environmental concern as the depletion of the ozone layer allows greater amounts of ultra violet (UV) radiation to reach the surface of the Earth. Subsequently, developed countries have agreedto progressively phase out the general use of methyl bromide by the year 2005 (except for quarantine and specificexemption purposes) and developing countries by 2015.
In recognition of the importance of methyl bromide as a quarantine tool, without alternatives in many cases, aninternational exemption on phase out for quarantine purposes has been agreed to for the time being. However, it islikely that as the agricultural use of methyl bromide is phased-out the costs of producing methyl bromide will increasesubstantially, and the gas may become increasingly difficult to obtain. As a result, and despite the current exemption, itis likely that methyl bromide has only a limited future for quarantine purposes.
AQIS recognises the ozone depleting properties of methyl bromide and seeks to actively promote reduced methyl bromide use, within the constraints of quarantine protection, through:
x Encouraging effective use of treatments with this fumigant at minimum effective application rates;
x Advising its client industries of acceptable alternatives to methyl bromide where available;
x Encouraging quality assurance practices that minimise reliance on end-point treatments as the primary measure toreduce quarantine risks associated with pest infestation in goods.
Australia supports the use of technologies that recycle or trap methyl bromide, preventing it from escaping into theatmosphere providing all other requirements of the AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard are met.
Suppliers and users of methyl bromide need to be aware that importing this gas into Australia without a licence, is prohibited under the Commonwealth's
A I H I B @ A B
Page 60 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 61/62
AQIS Methyl Bromide Standard – Version 1.5 – July 2010
APPENDIX 15: Glossary of terms ñ ë ñ # í í î í ê
Ambient temperature Temperature of the air immediately surrounding the fumigation enclosure.
Chloropicrin A strong-smelling chemical commonly added to the odourless methyl bromide
to indicate the presence of gas.Commodity The item or goods that are being exported or targeted for fumigation.
Concentration The amount of fumigant present at a certain point in the fumigation enclosure,usually expressed as grams per cubic metre (g/m 3)
Consignment Refers collectively to the commodity, any packing materials used and the mode of transport such as a freight container.
Container (freight container)
Standardised transportation units intended to be suitable for transporting avariety of commodities.
Dosage The calculated amount of fumigant applied to a fumigation enclosure, usuallyexpressed as kilos or grams.
Dry dock Narrow basin, trench or area that may be flooded and is large enough to hold avessel. After flooding, the basin is able to be sealed from the body of water andemptied of water to allow work to be carried out on the vessel.
Dunnage Materials used for supporting or protecting commodities during transportation.
External timber Any timber components used in construction or fittings of the yacht e.g.railings, non-slip strips on deck.
Free air space Empty space between, above or around a commodity to allow the fumigantaccess to the commodity to eradicate pests.
Fumigant A chemical, which at a particular temperature and pressure can exist in agaseous state in sufficient concentration and for sufficient time to be lethal toinsects and other pests.
Fumigant supply pipe A relatively large diameter pipe used to supply fumigant to a fumigation enclosure.
Fumigation Application of a fumigant to a fumigation enclosure to eradicate pests.Fumigation certificate Documentation certifying that a fumigation treatment has been undertaken in
compliance with AQIS requirements.
Fumigation chamber A permanent chamber used for fumigation purposes that meets the AQIS pressuretest requirements.
Fumigation enclosure Any space or area designed to contain fumigant for the purposes of fumigation.Examples include gas-tight containers, gas-proof sheets sealed to animpermeable floor with sand or water snakes, and purpose built structures.
Fumigation sheets Gas impervious material (generally made from vinyl, coated nylon or polyethylene) capable of creating a temporary fumigation enclosure (also knownas tarps or tarpaulins).
Gas equilibrium At the start of fumigation, where the gas concentration at each monitoring point iswithin 15% of the lowest reading. AQIS only accepts that a fumigation exposure hasstarted AFTER it has been demonstrated that equilibrium has been achieved andconcentrations at all monitoring points are at or above the standard.
Internal timber Any timber items found inside the yacht e.g. wooden fittings, floors, drawers and panels.
Monitoring tube A relatively small diameter tube used to withdraw a sample of gas/air mixture fromwithin a fumigation enclosure for measuring fumigant concentration.
Normal atmospheric pressure (NAP)
Standard, natural atmospheric (air) pressure (10 5Pa).
Pallet A platform used to support commodities during shipment generally of standarddimensions to allow for easy stacking. Pallets used in shipping are generally made of timber, plywood, metal, plastic or moulded fibreboard.
Page 61 of 62
7/28/2019 Methyl Bromide Fumigation
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/methyl-bromide-fumigation 62/62
