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METABOLISME PROTEIN

Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, drg. M. Kes

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Protein Diet

Asam amino

Urea

NH3

Asetil-KoANitrogen amino

glutamat

Benda ketonKarbohidrat(glukosa)

Derivat nitrogen(nonprotein)Protein jaringan

SIKLUSKREBS

2CO2

T R A N S A M I N A S I

D E A M I N A S IGARIS BESAR

METABOLISMEPROTEIN

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Proteins are organic compounds made ofamino acids (polymers of -amino acids)

Kinds of amino acids: 20

Amount of amino acids > 50

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound

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AMINO ACIDS

Amino acids are molecules containing anamine group, a carboxylic acid group and oneof the twenty R-groups.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moleculehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule

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Peptide bond A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two moleculeswhen the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the aminogroup of the other molecule, thereby releasing a molecule of water(H2O).

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KATABOLISME PROTEIN

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Asam amino: Amonia urea ekskresi Karbon glikolisis atau SAS energi

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Katabolisme treonin, glisin, serin, alanin

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Jalur masuk asam amino ke Siklus Krebs

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Pembentukan urea

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The aromatic rings of tryptophan are precursors ofnicotinate, indoleacetate, and serotonin.

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ASAM AMINO GLUKOGENIK

Glycine

Serine Valine Histidine

Arginine Cysteine Proline

Alanine Glutamate Glutamine

Aspartate Asparagine

A glucogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can beconverted into glucose through gluconeogenesis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histidinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparaginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconeogenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconeogenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparaginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histidinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine

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ASAM AMINO KETOGENIKA ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be converted into ketone

bodies through ketogenesis

Ketogenic amino acids are unable to be converted to glucose as bothcarbon atoms in the ketone body are ultimately degraded to carbondioxide in the citric acid cycle .

In humans, the ketogenic amino acids are:

Leucine , lysine In humans, the amino acids which can be ketogenic or glucogenic are: Threonine , isoleucine , phenylalanine , tryptophan , Tyrosine

The three ketone bodies are: Acetoacetate , which, if not oxidized to form usable energy, Acetone , which is not used as an energy source, but is instead exhaled

or excreted as waste -hydroxybutyrate is synthesized in the liver and can be used as an

energy source by the brain when blood glucose is low. Each of these compounds is synthesized from acetyl-CoA molecules

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threoninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoleucinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalaninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetoacetatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-hydroxybutyratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-hydroxybutyratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-hydroxybutyratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-hydroxybutyratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-hydroxybutyratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetoacetatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalaninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoleucinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threoninehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid

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GLUKONEOGENESIS

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Biosintesis Protein

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Transkripsi Pembentukan mRNA Dibutuhkan

- RNA polimerase

- DNA template (cetakan

- 4 macam ribonukleosida trifosfat:ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP

DNA templateRNA polimerase

Mg++

mRNA

ATP

GTPCTPUTP

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Translasi

1 Pengaktifan asam amino dengan ATPasam amino + ATP

2. Pengikatan aminoasiladenilat dengan tRNA

3. Penggabungan antikodon pada tRNA dengan kodon tripletmRNA

4. Pembentukan polipeptida

Asam amino+ ATP

Amino asil adenilatAminoasil sintetase

Mg++

amino ASIL

ADENILAT+ t RNA

Amino asil -tRNAAminoasil sintetase

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