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Memphis car audio
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MAXIMIZE your MEMPHIS
Use this TOOLKIT to MAXIMIZE the enjoyment of your music by MAXIMIZING the performance of YOUR MEMPHIS CAR AUDIO system. VE
RSION 2
.0
Memphis Car Audio Quality Statement (what we believe about our products)
We are confident there will be practically 0 failures if every Memphis Car Audio partner and customer installed and operated our products according to the product guidelines.
A failure
Thank you very much for taking the time to invest in your store’s future growth. Your business is very much a part of our business. As an independent Memphis Car Audio partner, you have already discovered what it takes to drive customers into your store. And you already employ talented installers and sales personnel. That is where having a great product line and a company that “has your back” fits into your store’s profitability.
is defined as any reason for one of our products to stop working properly.
If you are not currently experiencing practically 0 failures with our products, we encourage you to become familiar with the contents of this manual. Your sales rep will work with you to help accomplish this goal.
How to use this manual:
Common Failures: This commentary provides further insight on typical causes for product failures.
Product Application Guide: Designed to offer the best product combination between a given amplifier model and the
desired quantity of subwoofers being powered. Each product family is color- coded for easier visibility. Please observe the proper wiring technique and recommended Memphis Car Audio enclosure (if available) under each subwoofer listed. The wiring action symbol(s) indicated are: "||" for parallel, "+||" for series-parallel and "||+" for parallel-series wiring. (See our subwoofer wiring diagram examples in this manual). Also, please note our recommended accessories for each amplifier application. Where an "X" is printed, no subwoofer models are available to work properly with that particular application.
Extensive Product Application Guide: Created to help you determine all available subwoofer models that will work
properly with each amplifier model. Compliance with this list is your first step in achieving lower product failures. Choose from a wider variety of subwoofer families and sizes on this list.
Subwoofer Wiring Diagrams: Use these examples to establish the proper techniques necessary for series and parallel wiring.
Subwoofer Power Handling Chart: Outlines the nature of each subwoofer’s power handling characteristics. Notice the
yellow (optimum) regions, designed to give the best performance for each subwoofer model. Be sure to use the appropriate enclosure type based on which area of the power spectrum you are operating within. You should not apply an amount of power that falls in the “Below Minimum Power” category. The numbers above each color line indicate (from left to right): absolute minimum recommended power, lowest optimum power, highest optimum power, and absolute maximum recommended power. Exceeding the maximum recommended power number or going below the minimum recommended power will result in a voided warranty.
Amplifier Gain Adjustments: Provides the correct settings for an amplifier’s sensitivity range (gain) at the desired
impedance. By not going beyond the AC output voltage listed for each amp, you ensure that an amplifier cannot create amplitude distortion (clipping), which in turn will greatly reduce the chance of product failures. For best accuracy, we suggest making final adjustments for crossover settings, subsonic filter, and bass boost settings before performing this process. To prevent damage to midrange speakers (or speakers that cannot be properly crossed over), we recommend disconnecting those speakers while performing this process.
Enclosure Recommendations: All current Street Edge and Memphis Car Audio subwoofer models are listed on this chart for
easy references to our recommended enclosure size. This chart is designed to interact with our Subwoofer Power Handling Chart recommendations.
1
failure
Common failures and causes
AmplifiersWhy does my amp go into protection mode and/or blow the fuse(s)?
1. High gain or bass boost function setting, or improper crossover frequency
If the amplifier gain (or bass boost) is too high versus the input signal, it will cause the amplifier to “clip” the output signal. The amplifier gain is actually a sensitivity control; it was designed to be set according to the audio input signal level. If less signal is available from the source unit into the amp, adjust the gain clockwise to match the amp’s sensitivity. If more signal is available from the source unit into the amp, less gain (counter-clockwise) is necessary to help the amp drive the signal to full output.
Clipping an amp means to exceed the peak value of the amplifier’s power supply voltage. This distortion of the waveform causes high current demand through the amplifier’s output section. The transistors inside the amp will prompt the amp’s protection mode due to overload. Having a bass boost feature on the amplifier (or any external component, even the radio) can result in rapid clipping. A boost at a particular frequency (or band of frequencies) is added to the existing voltage- contributing to many amplifier failures!
This can be best corrected by lowering the amp gain or bass boost (if applicable). This should be done by a certified installer.
There are 3 common ways that amplitude distortion or clipping can be identified.Use an oscilloscope to measure the signal voltage. If the peaks and troughs of the wave form are flattened out (figure 1) or the wave forms are not symmetrical, clipping is occurring.Use a digital voltmeter to measure the voltage across the (+) and (-) speaker output terminals. This value should be less than (or equal to) the recommended amp rail voltage. If not, clipping is most likely occurring. (See the rail voltage chart in this guide.)Some listeners can hear clipping audibly. The signal will sound “choppy” or have a “static” noiseor can be thought of as cutting in and out. Most listeners cannot hear this form of distortion unless the audio waveform is severely clipped.
2. Not using the subsonic filter when appropriate (vented enclosures)
A subsonic filter is designed to cut-off dangerously low frequencies from getting to the subwoofer, especially in a vented enclosure. The subwoofer(s) lose power handling rapidly when frequencies dip below the tuning frequency of a vented enclosure. A subsonic filter is a high pass filter that will remove unwanted and potentially damaging low frequencies from the subs. Subsonic filters are recommended for vented enclosures and are incorporated in our Class D amplifiers.
3. Low battery voltage
Low battery voltage (below 12V) creates the need for very high current demands to maintain constant output power through the amp’s power supply section. This causes heat and will reduce the available output voltage rail, even in an amplifier with a regulated power supply. This results in premature amplifier clipping, which may trigger the protection circuit. Conditions to check for this problem include (but are not limited to);
Poor ground wire connections (to the amp or the vehicle chassis)Improper wire gauge being used for power and/or ground wireLoose connections to other points (capacitors, battery(s), fuse or distribution block)Not having sufficient capacity (batteries)Not having a large enough alternator to keep batteries charged
When resistance enters the circuit path, voltage will drop across that resistance as current flows through it- leaving less available voltage at the amplifier. The alternator is the main device that constantly generates current (with the vehicle on). The battery(s) would be the reservoir that stores current and discharges it to the amp, and the amplifier is the root of current consumption. If there is a capacitor (or battery/or batteries) physically near the amp, it should be supplemental to the rest of your charging system.
4. Low impedance
If the speaker impedance goes below the amplifier’s rated stability, high current flows through the amp’s output section transistors and may cause them to become saturated (shorted). This will most likely cause the amp to go into protection mode until the impedance becomes suitable for the amplifier to handle.
Figure 1
5. DC offset
DC offset generally comes from the source unit; it could potentially damage the input section of the amp and may be the root of the amplifier’s protection status.
6. Internal damage
When an amp is internally damaged in locations other than the input power supply section, the unit will usually trigger the IC chip assigned to engage a protection fault condition. Therefore, there will not be an output under this condition. When this condition occurs, the amplifier must be repaired.
What can I check for if my amplifier gets hot?
1. Insufficient ventilation around the amplifier2. Loose connections to power/ground terminals on amplifier3. Low battery voltage at the amplifier4. Too low of an impedance connected to the amp
5. An open audio signal ground in the RCA cables and/or within the amplifier traces
6. Gain and/or amplifier settings improperly adjusted
What is the relationship between using multiple amplifiers across multiple subwoofers that share a common airspace inside their enclosure?
When multiple amplifiers are being used to power more than one voice coil (or subwoofer), symmetry among the amplifiers is of the utmost importance if the subs share a common airspace. This means that the low pass filter, subsonic filter, bass boost, and amp gain should all be set identically. Also, designing an enclosure with the subwoofers mounted equal distances from one another (and the port, if applicable) will help with an asymmetry problem. Do not mix single voice coil versions and dual voice coil versions of the same subwoofer in a common airspace together. If possible, use a small partition between multiple subs to create even air pressure between them.
Speakers
Why do my tweeters (or midrange drivers) keep blowing?
1. Amp clipping is harsh on tweeters since their voice coil is small and cannot dissipate as much heat.2. High frequency band(s) being boosted can result in premature amplifier clipping. The device most often used to boost
these frequencies is an equalizer.3. The farther away the speakers are from the listener, the less perceived output. As a result, some listeners tend to
increase volume to compensate for this deficiency and end up damaging the tweeters/midrange.
How do I know if my speakers are properly crossed over?
1. Ideally cut-off above the speaker’s Fs (free air resonance) frequency. Tweeters need to be crossed over very high.2. Filter slope may dictate appropriate cut-off frequency; try using a steeper slope.
Subwoofers
What causes the voice coil former on my subwoofer to become discolored?
1. Amplifier clipping causes distortion, resulting in excessive heat at the coil and coil former. If the coil former is Kapton or black anodized aluminum, there will generally be a white color in locations that are getting too hot inside the former.
2. Over powering the subwoofer will also generate excessive heat on the voice coil. Clean power is rarely the cause of a defect. But too much clean power will generate excess heat and a voice coil can only dissipate a certain amount of heat.
How did the dust cap on my subwoofer get cracked?
1. Excessive movement (in either direction) causes stress right at the center of the cone. This is caused by amplifier distortion (clipping) or excessive power.
5. DC offset
3
Why is there a rip (or tear) in my subwoofer’s cone and/or surround?
1. Usually caused by object making contact with speaker cone or surround; be sure to offer the subwoofer clearance for excursion.
2. Mechanical defects may be caused by over-excursion of subwoofer (too much power or not enough).
When there’s not enough power on a subwoofer, the DC voltage (amplifier clipping) will cause the cone to move farther outward and inward, creating severe mechanical stress.
What causes a short on the voice coil on my subwoofer?
1. Amplifier became defective while speaker load was connected2. Not enough power (distortion)3. Voice coil rubbing inside of gap caused by misalignment (weakened suspension). If the suspension of the sub (the spider
and the surround section) has become weakened, its ability to control cone movement is more limited, resulting in a higher risk for mechanical damage.
Wiring – (Don’t be stingy)
So you’ve got the optimum source unit and have successfully transferred the audio signal with minimal deterioration to the amplifier, and your amplifier does a wonderful job of keeping the audio output signal clean. However, the wire gauge and wire quality have everything to do with maximum power transfer to the amplifier.
Inappropriate wire gauge and poor copper quality result in added resistance – hence less power transfer(conductivity). Illustrated below is an example of how much real power to the amplifier may be lost by using copper clad aluminum or a smaller wire gauge compared to 4 gauge pure copper on a 1000w amplifier.
*Car Audio and Electronics Magazine, Apr ’08, “Wire Warnings”, Garry Springgay
Mandatory Alternator Upgrade!
The 16-MC1.2500 and the 16-MC1.4000 both require an alternator upgrade in the installed vehicle. They both accept 0 gauge power and ground wire terminal connections. Also required are additional dedicated system batteries (ideally located near the amplifier) each rated at 1000 CCA or more. These batteries are in addition to the cranking battery. Although not required, we do recommend adding capacitance for supplementing battery voltage at the amplifier. Our 1 Farad capacitors (17-1FCAP or 17-1FCAPM) serve this purpose well.
With either amp, the battery terminal wires should match the wire gauge used at the amplifier, ground wire, and the charging lead from the alternator. Be sure to also upgrade the ground connection from the case of the alternator to the vehicle chassis with the same gauge wires being used at the amplifier. The MC1.2500 will demand over 200 amps of current and the MC1.4000 will demand over 400 amps of current at full output with 14.4 volts applied. Select a solid chassis ground and mount the amp in a secure, well ventilated area for maximum performance. Not following the 2 requirements above will result in voiding the warranty. If more than 1 of these amplifiers are being installed in the same vehicle, please consult our technical support department.
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9
Subwoofer Wiring Diagram Examples
Black Lines= Negative Connections Red Lines= Positive Connections Green Lines
= Series Connections
Two Single 4 -Parallel= 4
Two Dual 4 -Parallel= 2
Three Dual 2 -Series= 3 -Parallel= 2.67
Three Single 4 Parallel= 1.33 -Parallel= 1
Four Single 4 Four Dual 4 -Parallel= 2
13
Street Edge AmplifiersImpedance SE2.50 SE2.100 SE4.50 SE1.250
4 14.1 V x 2 (stereo) 20 V x 2 (stereo) 14.1 V x 4 (stereo) 25.3 V x 1 (mono)
2 11.8 V x 2 (stereo) 16.7 V x 2 (stereo) 11.8 V x 4 (stereo) 22.4 V x 1 (mono)
4 23.7 V x 1 (bridged mono) 33.5 V x 1 (bridged mono) 23.7 V x 1 (bridged mono) -----
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
Power Reference AmplifiersImpedance PR2.50 PR2.75 PR2.100 PR2.150 PR4.50
4 14.1 V x 2 (stereo) 17.3 V x 2 (stereo) 20 V x 2 (stereo) 24.5 V x 2 (stereo) 14.1 V x 4 (stereo)
2 11.8 V x 2 (stereo) 14.1 V x 2 (stereo) 17.3 V x 2 (stereo) 20.5 V x 2 (stereo) 11.8 V x 4 (stereo)
4 22.8 V x 1 (bridged mono) 28.3 V x 1 (bridged mono) 34.6 V x 1 (bridged mono) 40 V x 1 (bridged mono) 23.7 V x 1 (bridged mono)
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
Impedance PR1.500 PR1.10004 24.5 V x 1 (mono) 34.6 V x 1 (mono)
2 24.5 V x 1 (mono) 34.6 V x 1 (mono)
1 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 31.6 V x 1 (mono)
Marine AmplifiersImpedance MM2.100 MM4.50 Impedance MM1.500
4 20 V x 2 (stereo) 14.1 V x 4 (stereo) 4 24.5 V x 1 (mono)
2 17.3 V x 2 (stereo) 11.8 V x 4 (stereo) 2 24.5 V x 1 (mono)
4 34.6 V x 1 (bridged mono) 23.7 V x 1 (bridged mono) 1 22.4 V x 1 (mono)
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
SClass AmplifiersImpedance SC2.120 SC4.55 SC1.500
4 21.9 V x 2 (stereo) 14.8 V x 4 (stereo) 33.5 V x 1 (mono)
2 20.5 V x 2 (stereo) 14.8 V x 4 (stereo) 31.6 V x 1 (mono)
4 41 V x 1 (bridged mono) 30.3 V x 1 (bridged mono) -----
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
MClass AmplifiersImpedance MC2.100 MC4.50 MC4.75 MC4.125
4 20 V x 2 (stereo) 14.1 V x 4 (stereo) 17.3 V x 4 (stereo) 22.4 V x 4 (stereo)
2 17.3 V x 2 (stereo) 11.8 V x 4 (stereo) 15.2 V x 4 (stereo) 19 V x 4 (stereo)
4 34.6 V x 1 (bridged mono) 23.7 V x 1 (bridged mono) 30.3 V x 1 (bridged mono) 38 V x 1 (bridged mono)
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4 Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4 Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
Impedance MC1.250 MC1.500 MC1.1100 MC1.15004 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 34.6 V x 1 (mono) 38.7 V x 1 (mono)
2 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 34.6 V x 1 (mono) 38.7 V x 1 (mono)
1 ----- 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 33.2 V x 1 (mono) 38.7 V x 1 (mono)
Hybrid AmplifiersImpedance
Front & Rear Channels Subwoofer Channel Front & Rear Channels Subwoofer Channel
4 14.1 V x 4 (stereo) 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 17.3 V x 4 (stereo) 34.6 V x 1 (mono)
2 12.2 V x 4 (stereo) 22.4 V x 1 (mono) 15.2 V x 4 (stereo) 34.6 V x 1 (mono)
1 ----- 22.4 V x 1 (mono) ----- 33.2 V x 1 (mono)
4 24.5 V x 1 (bridged mono) 30.3 V x 1 (bridged mono)
Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4 Across Channels 1&2 or 3&4
Mojo AmplifiersImpedance MC1.2500 MC1.4000
4 50 V x 1 (mono) 63.2 V x 1 (mono)
2 50 V x 1 (mono) 63.2 V x 1 (mono)
1 50 V x 1 (mono) 63.2 V x 1 (mono)
>Perform setup with a digital voltmeter and disconnect speaker loads from the amplifier. Adjust source volume to 75%.
MC5.700 MC5.1400
Amplifier Gain Adjustments>Voltage measurements represent AC output voltage. Use 50Hz tone (0dB) for subwoofers. Use 1kHz tone (0db) for midrange.
122 Gayoso Avenue • Memphis , Tennessee 38103 | www.memphisca raud io .com | 800.467.2400
Memphis Car Audio Install Tips
It is very important to perform pre and post-installation tests for all vehicle electrical functions! Use a DVM to measure the cranking battery’s voltage with the engine turned off- Continue to measure battery voltage while someone cranks the vehicle. If the voltage falls below 12V during this process, we strongly recommend having the battery tested by a qualifi ed battery technician, as it may have weakened or damaged cells.
Inspect all battery terminals, fuse connections, and grounds for corrosion and resistance.Be sure to upgrade battery terminal wires & charging leads (including ground) to the same gauge wires being used at the amplifi er. This also applies to the case ground of the alternator to the motor mount! Insulate all power wires that pass through metal with appropriate grommets.
Choose different sides of the vehicle interior to run power wires than for RCA cables & speaker wires. Use the constant +12V and ground connections of the amplifi er to feed back to the radio along with the remote turn-on lead in a braided bundle.
Before making a chassis ground connection and drilling into the vehicle chassis, be sure to double-check this point to prevent damage to fuel lines or important vehicle harnesses. Upon completing this connection, measure resistance between that point of the vehicle chassis to the cranking battery’s ground terminal. If the resistance measurement is greater than 1 ohm, reconnect your grounds or choose a different point on the chassis of the vehicle that has greater continuity with the battery’s ground. Making direct connections to the negative battery terminal is best performed if the wire distance is less than 18 inches. Fuse all batteries in the vehicle within 18 inches to protect the vehicle.
If possible, set all functions and levels on the source unit to fl at (or the detent) position. Apply built-in equalizer or loudness functions provided on the radio with discretion, as these settings will have an impact on your amplifi er settings.
Select the lowest possible gain adjustment on each amplifi er to minimize peak transient clipping. Apply only a marginal amount of bass boost (if available). Use subsonic fi lter adjustments (when possible) if subwoofers are used in a vented enclosure. Adjusting amp gain (sensitivity) is best performed with a DVM set on AC voltage and the source unit set to 75% volume, in accordance to the manufacturer (see our Amplifi er Gain Adjustments page).
Once completing fi nal system adjustments, crank the vehicle and turn the source unit to 75% while measuring the battery voltage on the cranking battery fi rst. This provides a reference for available voltage to the audio system. If this measurement is low, the system may need additional charging upgrades. If the voltage available at this point is suffi cient, then measure battery voltage at each amplifi er while the system is under its heaviest speaker load to ensure the most amount of voltage was transferred from the cranking battery to the amplifi er(s).
Make certain that all amplifi ers are mounted in well ventilated areas and never mounted in an inverted position. Monitor temperature of each amplifi er to make sure that over-heating is not occurring. Be sure that each installed device is properly mounted in the vehicle. Use all supplied mounting hardware and rubber spacers to reduce vibration that could potentially cause damage.
