Melati ( Jasmine )

( Jasminum sambac)

June, 5, 1990 National Flower Called “Puspa Bangsa”

• Function :- Ornamental plant- Tea aromatic- Material perfume

industry- Cosmetic- Traditional medicine- Sowing flower- Flower Arrangement

• Increase demand Repelita VI

• Information technology up to date - for farmers Center of Research and Development Horticulture jasmine become priority Efficiency production system & agribusiness of jasmine

Increasing productivity and quality of jasmine

Center Product & Market

• Potensial Market : Japan, Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, Hongkong,

for sowing flower Budha 600 kg/ day• Jkt 1,5 ton / month. • Indonesia memenuhi 20 % kebutuhan

global market become potensial field farm extended, agroecology is compatible

• Centre of Production : Tegal prospect to developed

History and Meaning

• Traditional material, ceremonial ritual religi• 3rd century China Yeh Shi Ming

Jasmine Casablanca Jasminum officinalle• Begin developping Tropic& sub tropic 1665 J. sambac, 1812 J. revolutum• Simbolic meaning purified, holy,

impressive, pure beautiful• Jasminum sambac “Puspa Bangsa”

white jasmine = sampagita (philipine)

Jasmine Origin

• This species originated in Tropical Asia• India Jasmine Centre,

J.multiflorum : forest jasmineJ. sambac : white jasmineJ. officinale : casablancaJ. parkeri, J.revolutum

• Indonesia Centre Java 700 Ha (1994), Pemalang, Purbalingga, Tegal J.multiflorum : forest jasmine, melati gambir, melati ponosudo

• Cina & Thailand J. officinale, J. mesnyi, J.primulinum, J. rex : King Jasmine

Classification

• Kingdom : Plantae • Division : Spermatophyta • Sub Division : Angiospermae• Class : Dicotyledoneae• Ordo : Oleales• Family : Oleaceae• Genus : Jasminum• Species : Jasminum sambac (L.) W.Ait 200 cultivar ( species) J.rex Dunn;

J.multiflorum, J. Officinale.

Description

• Perennial ( > 1 years ) > 3 meters

• Woody stem, creeping clump

• Node stem, Leaf : elips/oval, green

• J.sambac, J.trifolium fragrant

• Single-flower, bertumpuk

• Tunggang root deep : 40 – 80 cm

Jasmine

Uses

• Flower sowing flower, perfume industry, cosmetic, flower arrangement, tea aromatic

• Leaf Traditional medicine• Jasmine oil jasmine cassablanca j. officionalle L

Extract oil material ( Bensil Asetat, Linalol, Linalil Asetat )

Growth Require

Climate

• Low land – high land ( 1.600 m dpl)

J.sambac low land – 600 m above sea level (dpl)

J. multiflorum high land – 1600 m dpl• daylight temperature : 280C – 260C• night temperature : 240C – 300C• RH : 50 – 80 %• rainfall : 112 mm – 119 mm/month

6 – 9 hh/month• Climate type, C1 - 2bk + 5 – 6 bb• well- shading

Soil

• Type of Soil : PMK, Latosol, Andisol

Texture : Sand – clayey (tough soil)

pH : 5 – 7 no floaded soil water 50-100 cm Acid soil Mo not provided, micro unsure easy to

dissolved >> toxic Alkalis soil Micro unsure not

available, except Mo

• Pengapuran : CaCO3 – Kalsit, CaMg(CO3)2) – Dolomit,

CaO - Kapur Bakar , Ca (OH)2 – Kapur Hidrat

• Increasing pH + Ca, Mg• Decreasing Toxic by Fe, Mn, Al• Increasing avaibility of P and Mo• Improve the life of micro-organism.• Produce ‘nodle root’ plantpH 5.2 – 7.0 ± 1.6 – 10.5 ton / HaWest Java : Tangerang, Bogor,

Cianjur, Lembang – 321 HaJakarta : 217,15 Ha, East Java : 425 Ha

Propagation

1. Cutting

young stem better than old stem

Length of cutting : 20 – 25 cm

2. Layering

3. Aerial layering ( cangkok )

Pruning

Treatment Plant height Flower yield (gram/plant)

Pruning Time

November 57.8 891.0

December 50.9 708.0

January 57.3 979.0

February 51.2 709.0

LD 5 % 6.34 212.80

Pruning Time

Un pruned 55.5 831.0

20 cm above ground 51.6 722.0

40 cm above ground 56.1 911.0

LD 5 % ns ns

Growth regulator

• Cycocel 5000 ppm 1,45 kg / planting

• Early flowering 3000 – 5000 ppm cycocel or 500 – 1500 ppm ethrel

• Flowering 7 – 12 month after planting

• Time of flowering : 12 weeks (3 month) 1-2 weeks >>

• Harvest of bud flower max (½ rise)

• Harvest time : early morning or afternoon

• Rainy season Product >> than dry season

• Rainy 300-1000 kg/Ha• Dry season 5 – 10 kg/Ha• In Indonesia, Prod : 20-25

kg/Ha/day• France : 3000 kg / Ha / year• Italy : 4500 – 5500 kg/ Ha/year

Harvest

Post Harvest Handling

• Purpose : make longer vase life keep and store in cold temperature : 00C - 50C

Special Jasmine

Oil

Commonjasmine

Special Pomade

Common pomade

Jasmine + PLRT Ether

minyak bumi

PLRT Benzole Enfleurage Technic

Ex- EnfleurageTechnic

• Industry

Enfleurage Technic