Mediendienste über LTE: Techniküberblick und Kapazität · ›MCH is transmitted over MBSFN in specific subframes on physical layer ›MCH is a downlink only channel (no HARQ, no

Mediendienste über LTE:

Techniküberblick und Kapazität

Jörg Huschke Master reseracher, Ericsson research

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Do not add objects or

Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 2

Outline

› Mobile TV market trend

› LTE landscape

› eMBMS overview:

Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service for LTE

› Conclusion

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Mobile tv

market Trend

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External market report

• Mobile TV services generated only $2.1 billion in revenue worldwide in 2009 due to flat subscriber

growth from the economic recession and discounted service pricing

• The revenues will grow at a healthy 52% CAGR from $2.5 billion in 2010 to $20.5 billion in 2015

• Mobile cellular TV subscriptions will contribute 95.1% ($19.5 billion) to the total revenues in 2015

• Mobile broadcast TV subscriptions will contribute 4.9% ($1.0 billion) to the total revenues in 2015

Mobile Consumer Research Service © 2010 ABI Research abiresearch.com The material contained herein is for the individual use of the purchasing Licensee and may not be distributed

to any other person or entity by such Licensee including, without limitation, to persons within the same corporate or other entity as such Licensee,

without the express written permission of Licensor.

Mobile TV Revenue by Service Type

World Market, Forecast: 2008 to 2015

0.0

5,000.0

10,000.0

15,000.0

20,000.0

25,000.0

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Revenue (

$ M

illio

ns)

Mobile Broadcast TV Services

Mobile Cellular TV Services

Source: ABI Research

http://www.abiresearch.com/products/service/The_Mobile_Consumer_Research_Service



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Live TV

(Consumers) Viewing behavior

Migration between access technologies

DVR/TiVo

Streaming

Blu-Ray/

DVD

Broadcast TV Broadcast TV

Downloading

Majority of non-live TV/Video consumption will be streamed

Source: Ericsson ConsumerLab MSMC-study 2010,

Multi Screen Media Consumption study

notes

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(Consumers) Viewing behavior

Migration between access technologies

Majority of non-live TV/Video consumption will be streamed

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Ericsson's activities in The Mobile TV Services

Domain

Ericsson Streaming

Server

(ESS) (NIN, Streaming

Server, Webserver )

TV-Application

(TV-AS) (Podcast, VoD shop,

Interactivity, Subscription

ESG aggretor and distributor,

Databases)

IP

Live

Encoders

CMS node

(MSDP & Content

storage)

Offline

Encoders

Browser

based

client

Ericsson Mobile TV offering

Service Architecture (ECDS)

AGW eNB

› (Re)-encoders/Multiplexer

– Video Processor Chassis VPC

› All IP

› Re-encoder MPEG2 SD/HD MPEG4 SD/HD

– Multiplexer

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LTE Landscape

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CDMA Track (3GPP2)

GSM Track (3GPP)

2001 2005 2008 2010

LTE FDD and TDD

GSM WCDMA HSPA

TD-SCDMA

CDMA One EVDO Rev A

Mobile System Evolution Global Support

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LTE is gaining momentum

Source: GSA – Global mobile Suppliers Association: September 2011

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Commercial LTE Speed evolution

2009

2010

2014

20MHz

Peak rate ~50 Mbps ~150 Mbps ~1000 Mbps

Typical user rate downlink 5-30 Mbps 10-100 Mbps Operator dependent

Typical user rate uplink 1-10 Mbps 5-50 Mbps Operator dependent

- carrier aggregation

- higher order MIMO

- eNB cooperation

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smartphone success story

› Sold smartphone units increased 72% in 2010

› Predicted compound average growth rate 2009-2014: 22-40%

depending on region

› Today smartphones are 3G, tomorrow will include LTE

2009 2010

mobile devices 1,211,239,600 1,596,802,400

thereof: smartphones 172,376,100 296,646,600

source: Gartner

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unic

astV

ideoC

apa\a

ddre

ssM

ark

et [0

7-M

ar-

2011 0

7:5

5:2

9]

0 20 40 60 80 100 1200

100

200

300

400

500

addre

ssable

mark

et penetr

atio

n [%

of subscriber

base]

active time per user and 18h day [min]

Unicast streaming capacity

› 20000 inhabitants/km2; site-to-site distance 500m; 4 operators

–360 inhabitants / sector / operator

› 10MHz; 1b/s/Hz (conservative); 512kb/s/user

–streaming capacity: 20 users / cell; 5% blocking 15.2 Erlang

› Usage spread uniformly over a 18 hour day

› Example:

– active time over 18h:

45min

– addressable market penetration:

100%

› Could have assumed 20 Erlang capacity in

case of 20MHz and some "overflow"

streaming traffic may steal from best effort.

› This is for Release 8. For Release 9 with

e.g. MU-MIMO capacity is higher.

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Broadcasting and Unicasting domains

Program channel

Broadcasting for the ”head”,

in particular for live events MBMS

• 85% of all video watched is pre-recorded

• still a need for live television - like sporting events and

emergencies

• but increasingly, content to be watched when suitable

Re

lative

usa

ge

Unicasting for the ”long tail”,

and the tail will be longer

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eMBMS Overview

Multimedia Broadcast/Mulitcast

Service for LTE

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MBMS Codecs/Service Layer tools

› CODECs: H.264, E-AAC+ or AMR-WB+

› Streaming delivery method for continuous reception – Re-use of existing Streaming Protocols (i.e. RTP)

› Download delivery method for file distribution – IETF file distribution protocols FLUTE and ALC

› Auxiliary functions for Content transmission methods – Post transmission File Repair function

– Reception Reporting for files and streams

› Service access protection – Terminal/user authentication

– Key Management via MIKEY

› FEC (Raptor code) on application layer supported – enables further reduced IP packet error rates

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MBMS overall architecture

› BM-SC (broadcast multicast service center)

– MBMS user service initiation and delivery

– Specifies MBMS Service Areas

– Charging

› MBMS-GW (MBMS gateway)

– Broadcasts MBMS packets to each eNB

transmitting the service on M1 interface

› MCE (Multi-cell Coordination Entity)

– Physical resource allocation, MCS

– Controls multiplexing of MBMS services

– Admission control

M1 M2

M3

LTE RAN

Content Provider

BM-SC MBMS

GW

eNB eNB

MCE MME CP

UP

LTE Core Network

› Control plane interfaces

– M3: MBMS session management

– M2: MBMS session management and radio

configuration

› User plane interface M1

– IP multicast to deliver the downlink packets

– SYNC protocol for content synchronization

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MBMS radio Interface characteristics

› Uses OFDM, like DVB-T

– OFDM parameters differ, LTE optimized for very high user mobility at

2.6GHz and above, based on rather low cellular transmitter separation

– Longer guard interval than for LTE unicast, to avoid inter symbol

interference from neighbor cells

› MBMS uses Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) transmission

› Supported for FDD and TDD LTE

› LTE-MBSFN time multiplexed with unicast traffic

– in contrast, MBSFN for UMTS requires dedicated carrier

introduction of MBSFN in LTE significantly easier than for UMTS

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MBMS service area / MBSFN AREA

› MBMS Service Area allows service distribution in target regions

› eNBs transmitting MBSFN are required to be synchronized in time

› Overlap between MBSFN areas is supported

– Enables local, regional, and national services

› Small cells enable reusing same radio resource for different service

with little geographical separation (facilitates cross border coordination)

› Counting of MBMS interested UEs in connected mode for semi-static

activation/deactivation of eMBMS session per MBSFN area

MBSFN Area MBSFN Area MBSFN Area

MBMS Service Area A

MBSFN Area

MBSFN Area

MBMS Service Area B

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MBMS channels

› Downlink channels related to MBMS

– MCCH Multicast Control Channel

– MTCH Multicast Traffic Channel

– MCH Multicast Channel

– PMCH Physical Multicast Channel

› A single transport block is used per subframe

› Different services (MTCHs) can be multiplexed in this transport block

› MCH is transmitted over MBSFN in specific subframes on physical layer

› MCH is a downlink only channel (no HARQ, no RLC repetitions)

› The MCS of a PMCH is fixed in the MBSFN area and selected by the network

› Multiple MCHs per MBSFN are supported

MTCHMCCH

MCH DL-SCHTransport

Channels

Logical

Channels

Physical

ChannelsPMCH PDSCH

LCID=0 LCID=0…28MTCHMCCH

MCH DL-SCHTransport

Channels

Logical

Channels

Physical

ChannelsPMCH PDSCH

LCID=0 LCID=0…28

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TDM of Unicast and MBMS

› TDM principle

– MBSFN is not transmitted in subframes 0, 4, 5 and 9 (FDD)

and subframes 0, 1, 5, 6 (TDD)

– The subframe ratio available for MBMS ranges from 1/320 to 192/320 (=60%)

– A 10/40ms pattern repeats over {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32} radio frames

Single cell control channels

1 or 2 OFDM symbols Multi-cell transmission

10 or 11 OFDM symbols

Full Bandwidth

1 Subframe = 1 ms

t

One radio frame = 10ms

Unicast transmission

MBMS transmission

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3

Time

perspective

f

MBSFN RS

+

MBMS Data

One Subframe

R S

/ P C

F I C

H /

P D

C C

H / P

H I C

H

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Performance of MBSFN

Summary of MBSFN performance, dedicated carrier (TR 25.912)

Deployment

Case

Spectrum

Efficiency

[bps/Hz]

Inter-site Distance @

1bps/Hz

[m]

1 3.13 1619

2 3.02 2310

3 0.99 1619

4 3.18 4375

Case Band

(MHz)

Site to site

distance

(m)

Speed

(kph)

1 2000 500 3

2 2000 500 30

3 2000 1732 3

4 900 1000 3

Simulation assumptions

R1-070674: "LTE physical layer framework for performance verification" Orange, China Mobile, KPN, NTT DoCoMo, Sprint, T-Mobile, Vodafone, Telecom Italia.

# HDTV programs at

8Mb/s in 20MHz:

1b/s/Hz: 2-3

3b/s/Hz: 7-8

shared carrier capacity

is 50% lower

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Conclusions

› Large variety and huge volume of 3G mobile multimedia terminals

– smartphones, laptop dongles and embedded modules, tablets

› LTE is the next technology step that will be integrated into all

these device types

› LTE provides the capacity for high quality unicast video streaming

› LTE cells are very small; for mobile usage, broadcasting is more

efficient than unicasting only for very popular, e.g. live content

– broadcasting also well suited for Podcasting / client-side caching

› eMBMS is an integral part of LTE and well suited for mobile

multimedia broadcasting

› LTE in 800MHz will provide very good coverage also for eMBMS,

even indoors

– regulatory requirements to provide coverage in rural areas in some

countries

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Main references

› Feasibility study for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Universal Terrestrial Radio

Access Network (UTRAN)

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/25912.htm

› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2


› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation


› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol

specification


› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); General aspects and principles for

interfaces supporting Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) within E-UTRAN

















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MBMS Signaling - Control Plane

Radio Resource Configuration

› MCH subframe allocation

– All MCHs within one MBSFN area use Common Subframe

Allocation (CSA) pattern (same structure as SIB2 SAP)

– Per MCH “consecutive” allocation within one CSA period

– Configuration of CSA period: fine granularity for each MCH vs.

increased interleaving and shorter delay

MCH allocation within CSA period

MCH-3 end MCH-1 end

#1 #3 #2 #4 #9 #11 #10 #12 #15 #16

MCH-1 / MCS-1 MCH-2 / MCS-2 MCS-3

MCH-2 end

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Evolution of LTE

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LTE drive tests STockholm

throughput:

average: 30-60Mb/s

peak: 100Mb/s

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Main system characteristics

System parameter DVB-H E-MBMS

transmission scheme OFDM OFDM

modulation constellations QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

radio channel bandwidth [MHz] 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 1.4 / 3 / 5 / 10 / 15 / 20

subcarrier spacing [kHz] 1 / 2 / 4 7.5 / 15

symbol duration T [s] 224 / 448 / 896 67 / 133

guard interval 1/32·T … 1/4·T 1/4·T or 4.67s

FEC

- physical layer channel coding convolutional, rate 1/2 … 7/8 Turbo, rate from 1/3

RS (204,188,8) code

- IP packet level "MPE-FEC":

RS block size 0.5 - 2Mbit

Raptor

time diversity

- physical layer max 896s 1ms (TTI length)

- IP layer FEC max 5s depending on MPE-FEC

parameters and service bitrate

Virtually no limits from Raptor

code. Only limited by delay.

frequency diversity (phy layer) over entire occupied bandwidth over entire occupied bandwidth

Documents

Mediendienste über LTE: Techniküberblick und Kapazität · ›MCH is transmitted over MBSFN in specific subframes on physical layer ›MCH is a downlink only channel (no HARQ, no