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PUZZLE WITH NUMBERS

Teaching aids are materials that the classroom teacher uses to help

students understand the concepts she introduces during her lesson. These

teaching aids can take numerous forms, from the beans students might count

while learning simple math in kindergarten to the photos of famous people and

places teachers might display during a history lesson. A teaching aid is a tool

used by teachers, facilitators, ortutorsin teaching and training.

Szendrei (1996, p, 41! defines teaching and learning aids as"

a. #oncrete materials, meaning real life tool and artefacts, that are

$commonly used in out of school% settings,

b. Artificial material (eduacational material! mainly concei&ed and

de&eloped for educational purpose, and

c. 'ames including pule.

)n this study, teaching aids are therefore defined as any concrete materials,

manipulati&es, common tools, special educational materials, board games, play

acti&ities, pictures and occupational tasks.

*urpose according to #oppen (1969! and +omisowski (196! teaching aids

could be"

a. To de&elop skill

b. To present fact

c. To organie knowledge into concept,

d. To stimulate imagination

e. To de&elop attitudes or change eisting ones.

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http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsAFacilitator.htmhttp://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsATutor.htmhttp://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsATutor.htmhttp://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsATutor.htmhttp://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsAFacilitator.htm


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Adventages using of teacing aids

!" -upplement in &erbal instructions.

#" Teaching aids makes learning permanent.$" Teaching aids pro&ide &ariety.

%" Teaching aids are helpful in attracting attention of the students.

&" Teaching aids sa&es time and energy.

'" Teaching aids encourages the healthy classroom interaction.

(" Teaching aids helps the teacher to create situations for teaching the

beginners.

)" Teaching aids are helpful in creating positi&e en&ironment for discipline.

*" Teaching aids are helpful in meeting indi&idual differences.

!+" Teaching aids helps in pro&iding speech training to the pupils.

!!" Teaching aids enable the children to retain language items for a longer

time.

!#" Teaching aids gi&es &i&idness to the learning situation.

!$" Teaching aids makes the abstract ideas concrete and thus help in making

learning more effecti&e.

!%" Teaching aids pro&ide good substitutes for the real obects as they make

learning e/ually meaningful.

!&" Teaching aids help in the de&elopment of &arious skills such as, how to

draw a diagram of the topic among the students.

,isadventages using of teacing aids

-ome of the disad&antages of using teachings aids are the cost of the

materials, the fact that teachers ha&e no control of the /uality of the material,

and the fact that sometimes ade/uate training is not a&ailable to show teachers

how to best use the materials.

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A" Puzz-e

*ule 'ames is a form of the game that challenged the power ofcreati&ity and memories of students more deeply due to the emergence of the

moti&ation to continually try to sol&e the problem.

Puzz-e .it nu/0ers

*ule is a problem that test imagination, cle&erness and skill of the

sol&er. *ules are often contri&ed as a form of 0ntertainment, ut they can

also be considered as mathematical or logical problems in most of cases.

a. Ad&antages of 2sing *ule with 3umber

ake students more creati&e to sol&e mathematics problems,

including for arithmetic problems.

Teach students that mathematics was not only to know the

formulas but there is also a math game.

students do not get tired of processed with a monotonous

learning math concepts

b. 5isad&antages of using *ule with 3umbers

According to -ismiasih (199"16!, there are three drawbacks to the

method of the *ule game"

need a longer time

demands of teaching creati&ity

the class became less restrained

Pur1ose2

To enhance student s understanding and skills in arit/etic o1erations

1. agic #ircle

agic circle is a numbering of the intersections of the circlessuch that

the sum o&er all intersections is the same constant for all circles.

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http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Circle.htmlhttp://mathworld.wolfram.com/Circle.html


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Ho. to /a3e /agic circ-e /ode- !4

a. ake three circles and all circle must intersection, like this picture.

b. *ut the s/uare at each point intersection of circles

c. 'i&en the same colour for two intersection point of circles

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Ho. to /a3e /agic circ-e /ode- # 4

a. ake three circles and all circle must intersection, like this picture

b. *ut the s/uare at each point intersection of circles

c. 'i&en the same colour for two intersection point of circles

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a. odel )

)n this game, the si numbers" 1,7,8,4,, and 6 are pro&ided.

*lace all numbers from 1 to 6 in the s/uare along the circumference

of the circle (one number per s/uare!, so thet fours numbers on each

circumferences sums up to the total.

Ho. to so-ve /agic circ-e 4

a. place the numbers 1,7,8 ..., 6 at each point of intersection circle

with another circle

b. circle with another circle has two intersection points, and each

point of intersection of a circle with another circle should be the

same amount

c. the sum of each number on the circle should be the same with the

other circle.

PI5TURES

Te So-ution

1 7 6 : 147 4 8 : 14

8 6 4 1 : 14

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1

3 2

465


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b. odel ))

)n this game, the si numbers" 1,7,8,4,,6,;,,9,1


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7. Magic s6uares

agic s/uares are tables of numbers where sums of e&ery rows, e&ery

column, and both diagonals produce the sum number.

a. agic s/uare 8 8

)n this game, the 9 consecuti&e numbers from 1 to 9 are

pro&ided. =ow to place all these numbers from 1 to 9, so

that the sum of the entries of any row, any column, or any

main diagonal is the same >

agic s/uare 8 8 use Sia/ese Metod 7 de -a Lou08re

Metod

1. -tarting from the number 1. *lace in the top row, right in the

middle colom ..

7. ?e mo&ed to the top right ... )f his position was at the top,

then mo&e to the bottom. )f the position has to be on the far

right, then mo&ed to the far left. )f you already ha&e plots that

are filled, mo&e to plots beneath .. +epeat this step until all

plots are filled.

The ilustration "

b. agic s/uares 4 4

)n this game, the 16 consecuti&e numbers from 1 to 16. =ow to place all these

numbers from 1 to 16, so that the sum of the

entries of any row, any column, or any main

diagonal is the same >

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1 6

8 ;

4 9 7

1 6

8 ;

4 9 7


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agic s/uare 4 4 use ,ou0-9 Even7 Lozenge Metod

1. place the numbers 1 to 16 in se/uence on the bo

1 7 8 4

6 ;

9 1< 11 17

18 14 1 16

7. ake a cross as seen in the picture below, and then reflect oneach of the plots.

16 7 8 18

11 1<

9 ; 6 17

4 14 1 1

8. -o the sum of the entries of any row, any column, or any main

diagonal is 84

Te so-ution /agic $ : $ Te so-ution of /agic % : %

16 : 1 16+2+3+13 = 34 181

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