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Marine
protected areas:
Quebec region overview
National Advisory Panel on
Marine Protected Area
Standards
July 9th 2018
Anne Lagacé
Director, Oceans & Species at risk Management
Banc-des-Américains, Québec.
Claude Savenkoff, MPO.
Presentation Objectives
• Portrait of the Quebec Region
• History of the development of marine protected
areas in Quebec
• Canada-Quebec Agreement and next steps
2
Beluga David Gaspard , DFO
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Quebec Region
• Quebec City regional
office
• Fisheries management
• Other programs
• Maurice-Lamontagne
Institute
• Sciences
• Ecosystem
management
• Area offices
3
Québec
City
regional
office
Mont-Joli :
Maurice-
Lamontagne
Institute
Sept-Iles
area office
Gaspé
area office
Magdalenan
Islands area
office
DFO- Quebec Region
• Territory covering the
whole province:
• 6000 km of coastline
• The St. Lawrence
river, its estuary and
part of its Gulf
• Eastern James Bay,
eastern Hudson Bay,
southern Hudson
Strait and Ungava
Bay
4
Québec Government
Complex issues:
No recognition of the Oceans Act
Differences of interpretation as to territorial
boundaries
Shared jurisdictions
5
• Canada • Marine protected areas
• Aquatic species at risk
• Fisheries
• Marine transportation
• Navigation
• Natural resources
• Québec : • Protected areas
• Aquatic species at risk
• Fisheries for fresh water,
anadromous and
catadromous species
• Fisheries product processing
• Natural resources
Québec Government
Agreements:
Canada-Quebec Agreement on the St. Lawrence (1988)
Collaborative Agreement for the Protection and Recovery
of Species at Risk in Quebec (2007)
Agreement on Joint Management of Petroleum Resources in
the Gulf of St. Lawrence (2011)
Canada-Quebec Agreement for the Establishment of a
Network of Marine Protected Areas in Quebec (2018)
6
Indigenous partners
• More than 90,000 Indigenous person
• Land Claims Agreements • James Bay and Northern Quebec
Agreement
• Nunavik Inuit Land Claims
Agreement
• Eeyou Marine Region Land Claim
Agreement
• Negotiations in progress • Mashteuiatsh, Essipit and
Natashquan
• Mi'gmaq and Maliseet
7
Key stakeholders for MPA
8
• Industry
• Mid-shore and coastal fishermen grouped in about 40 associations
• Shipping Federation of Canada
• Green Marine
• Hydro-Québec
• Academic and research institutions
• Institute of Marine Sciences
• University of Quebec at Rimouski
• Merinov
• NGO
• Priority Intervention Areas (ZIP) Committees
• Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society (CPAWS)
• Marine Mammal Observation Network (ROMM)
Brief portrait of human activities
9
• Aboriginal Fisheries
• Commercial Fisheries
• Maritime transport
• Whale watching activities
• Oil and gas
Brief portrait of human activities
Aboriginal fisheries
• Mi’gmaq, Maliseet and
Innus
• 11 communities
• Food, social and ceremonial fisheries
• Commercial fisheries
• Whale watching
• Nunavik Inuit
• 14 communities
• Molluscs harvesting, fishing
and marine mammal
hunting
• Shrimp and Greenland
halibut commercial
fisheries
• Eeyou Istchee Cris
• 9 communities
10
H.F. Ellefsen, MPO
Brief portrait of human activities
Commercial fisheries
• Landings = approx. 57 181 tons or 238.5 M$ (2015)
• Key species : Shrimp, snow crab and lobster
• 70 % of volume et 90 % of value
Brief portrait of human activities
Marine transportation
13
Brief portrait of human activities
Oil & Gas
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Oceans Act – 1996
• Identification of 67 areas of
interest(1998)
• Manicouagan pilot project
(1998)
• St. Lawrence Estuary pilot
project (1999)
Baleine noire Katherine Gavrilchuk, MPO
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Manicouagan pilot project (1998)
• Biophysical and socio-economic study, including 8 public
sessions (1999)
• Establishment of a Technical Committee including the
community of Pessamit and a local ENGO
• Development of the management plan (15 meetings)
• Consultations (2001) and Summary Report (2002)
• Development of regulations
• Characterization of habitats and species
• Ecological monitoring framework
• Gazette 1 (2006)
• Joint work plan (2008)
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history • St. Lawrence Estuary pilot project(1999)
• Biophysical characterization and uses (1999)
• Socio-economic study (2000)
• Marine mammal scientific workshops (2000, 2002, 2003)
• Aboriginal information sessions (2003)
• Consultations (2004-2005)
• Studies of interactions between seals and fishing activities (2005)
• Report on navigation noise (2006)
• Workshop with the whale watching industry (2006)
• Protocol for harbor seals trapped in fishing gear (2007)
• Regulatory intent(2008)
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Publication in Gazette 1 of the Manicouagan MPA
(2006) • Quebec asks to suspend the project and proposes the creation
of the Bilateral Group on Marine Protected Areas (GBAMP)
(2007)
• Work held behind closed doors for 3 years
• Several NGOs question the MPA file in Quebec
• Symposium on Marine Protected Areas (2010) • Organized by CPAWS
• Petition
• Recommendation: Set up a round table co-chaired by Quebec and Canada, including local communities, First
Nations and various stakeholders to establish a network of
MPAs in Quebec.
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Attempts to establish MPA Governance
• Renewal of the Canada / Quebec Agreement on the St. Lawrence (2011)
• Inclusion of a MPA component
• Creation of the Quebec government Working Group on the Marine Biodiversity Conservation (2012)
• Has to make recommendations to the Quebec Minister
• Clear objectives
• Challenge: Information sharing, intergovernmental coordination and decision making
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Development of a Canada / Quebec "coordinated approach" (2013)
• Beginning of negotiations for a Canada-Quebec Agreement (2014)
• Federal initiative to protect 10% of the marine environment (2015)
• Challenge: meeting this objective within the Canada-Quebec context
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Federal approach to draft a marine protected areas network (2016-2017)
• Nearly 50 meetings with different stakeholders
• Eastern Canada Corals and Sponges Conservation Strategy
• 11 sites in the Gulf
• Fishing closure to any gear touching the sea bottom
• Consultations (Nov 2016 to July 2017)
• Establishment of marine refuges (2017)
• Not taken into account by Quebec government
Towards marine protected areas:
a DFO-Quebec region history
• Canada-Quebec Agreement for the Establishment of a Marine Protected Areas Network in Quebec
• Announcement of a first joint project (June 2018)
• Banc-des-Americans
• Joint selection, planning and implementation of MPA projects
• Collaboration to reach respective commitments
• Sharing ecological and socio-economic information
• No territory cession
• Bilateral Group on Marine Protected Areas
• Implementation of the Agreement
• recommendations to their respective authorities
Joint project for a Banc-des-Américains
marine protected area
24
Joint project for a Banc-des-Américains
marine protected area
• First joint project for marine protected area
under the Agreement
• Double status, same conservation goals
• Aquatic Reserve (Natural Heritage
Conservation Act, Quebec)
• Marine Protected Area (Oceans Act)
• Publication in Canada Gazette Part I
• Public consultation on the proposed federal
regulations
• Public comments to be taken into
consideration in finalizing the regulations for the
new marine protected area (Fall 2018).
25
Joint project for a Banc-des-Américains
marine protected area
26
Conservation goal and objectives for the area of interest.
Goal : To promote the productivity and diversity of fishery resources
associated with the American Bank and adjacent plains,
and the recovery of species that are in a precarious situation
Objective A
Conserve and protect benthic (seabed) habitats
Objective B
Conserve and protect pelagic (water column) habitats and
forage species (prey)
Objective C
Promote the recovery of at-risk whales and wolffish
Synthesis of Banc-des-Américains
regulatory intent
27
General prohibition: It is prohibited to carry out any activity that disturbs, damages, destroys or removes any living marine organism or any part of its habitat, or is likely
to do so.
Activity EXCEPTIONS TO THE GENERAL PROHIBITION (PERMITTED ACTIVITIES)
ZONE 1 ZONE 2
Commercial fishing No exception (prohibited) • Fishing that uses: traps, longlines, handlines or angling.
• Fishing not targeting forage species: capelin, herring,
mackerel, sandlance, krill, copepods.
Recreational fishing No exception (prohibited) Fishing using a handline or angling
Aboriginal fishing Harvest for food, social and ceremonial purposes Harvest for food, social and ceremonial purposes
Aquaculture No exception (prohibited) No exception (prohibited)
Exploration and extraction of oil, gas
and minerals
No exception (prohibited) No exception (prohibited)
Navigation (commercial, non-
commercial, foreign, recreational)
Allowed under applicable Canadian legislation
No anchoring allowed
No sewage or greywater discharge allowed for ship
of ≥400 gross tonnage or certified to carry ≥15
persons
Allowed under applicable Canadian legislation
No sewage or greywater discharge allowed for ship
of ≥400 gross tonnage or certified to carry ≥15
persons
Cables No exception (prohibited) No exception (prohibited)
Infrastructures (platforms, wind
turbines, piles, seafloor structures)
No exception (prohibited) No exception (prohibited)
Emergency, safety, security and
sovereignty
Activities carried out for :
public safety
national defense and security
law enforcement
responding to an emergency
Activities carried out for :
public safety
national defense and security
law enforcement
responding to an emergency
Scientific research or monitoring,
habitat restoration, commercial
marine tourism and educational
activities
Permitted if :
the proponent submits an activity plan to DFO
the plan is approved by the Minister
achievement of the conservation objectives is not
compromised
Permitted if :
the proponent submits an activity plan to DFO
the plan is approved by the Minister
achievement of the conservation objectives is not
compromised
Next steps
• Consultation for the selection of areas of interest
• Designation of other marine protected areas for 2020
28
Question period
29
Jeune béluga David Gaspard , MPO