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Mao Zedong. Done by: Rayson Khoo Neo Jiahao Tan Wei Ren Zhang Siyuan. Table of contents. Definition of leadership Biography of Mao Zedong Mao’s Rise to power Significant Events Leadership Style Judging of effectiveness. Our Definition of leadership. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Table of contents
Definition of leadership
Biography of Mao Zedong
Mao’s Rise to power
Significant Events
Leadership Style
Judging of effectiveness
Our Definition of leadership
A leader is someone who can direct and influence a group of people to work towards and achieve a goal.
A leader will usually first come up with a goal or vision and will then need to convince his followers to pursue this common goal.
Criteria of a great (political)leader
First, a great leader must be able to hold on to the support of his people.
Next a great leader result in a significant change in his country.
Lastly, a great leader must result in a deep and lasting positive impact on both his people and country
Criteria of a good(political)leader
A good leader must be able to empathize with his followers.
A good leader must improve the standard of living of his people.
A good leader must be morally upright and and empower his followers.
Biography - An Introduction (1)
Appointed as first chairman of the communist party of China
revived its stagnating economy and culture and extended his contribution by normalizing its relations with world's super powers
led the People's Republic of China from 1949 until his death in 1976
laid the foundation for powerful nation through his effective reforms and many socio-cultural programs
Biography - An Introduction (2)
Social-cultural programs such as "Great Leap Forward” criticized from within China and outside for ruining the heritage, culture and agriculture of China
regarded as the one of the most important figures of the modern World History
portrayed as a great revolutionary and strategist
transformed the country into a major power through his policies
Biography – Early life in China
born in an affluent Buddhist family of China
Graduated from the First provincial Normal School of Hunan in 1918
registered as a part time student at Beijing University
engaged himself as much as possible in reading
During his stay in Beijing, his idea of communism evolved and matured.
Was from a peasant family
believed that problems of China could be studied and resolved only within China
co-founded the Communist Party of China (CPC)
People’s Republic of China established on 1 October 1949
Ending the almost two decade’s long civil and International war
Chairman of the PRC in 1954 remained till 1959.
Took over the control of all media to promote the image of Mao and the party
Ordered executions as necessary for the ‘securing the power.’
launched the first Five-Years Plan in 1953 that aimed to end the Chinese dependence on agriculture to become a world power
New industrial plants were built and agricultural industries began to produce enough capital that China no longer needed any outside support
Initiated the Second Five-year Plan, ‘The Great Leap Forward’ in 1958
efforts were made to increase the rate of literacy and to control prices
Second Five-Year Plan, also known as ‘The Great Leap Forward’
Focused on heavy industries for economic growth small agricultural collectives were merged into far
larger people’s communes Peasants were ordered to work on massive
infrastructure projects and all private food production was banned
combined by the flood or drought situation in some areas left peasants nothing to eat resulting into the largest Famine in the human history
The Cultural Revolution Due to failure of the ‘Great Leap Forward’
feared the prospect of loosing his place at the political stage, as he had lost esteem among top party leaders
launched Cultural Revolution in 1966
continue the armed struggle through young people and teenagers and give power directly to the Red Group
led to the destruction of Chinese heritage and prosecution of millions.
Final Days declared the Cultural Revolution to be over
declining health and lung ailment due to smoking and heart trouble
His body lay in the state at the Great hall of the People
His body was later placed into Mausoleum of Mao Zedong
Biography – A Timeline 1893- Mao Zedong was born
on 26 December 1893.
1918- Graduated from Normal Provincial School.
1919- Travelled to Beijing.
1921- He co-founded the Communist party of China.
1927- Conducted Autumn Harvest Uprising.
1930- His wife Yang Kaihui was arrested and killed by KMT.
1949- Took over the power
from the KMT.
1949- Establishment of People’s Republic of China.
1954- Mao became president of PRC.
1958- Second Five-Year Plan ‘The Great leap forward’ was launched.
1966- Cultural Revolution was launched.
1976- On 9 September Mao Zedong passed away.
Characteristics/Leadership Qualities Intelligent
Methodical
Possesses Foresight
Innovative
Charismatic
Ruthless
Intelligent Despite not receiving proper education in
his early years, Mao educated himself by reading a variety of books.
Despite being born from a peasant family, he pioneered China’s philosophical and political ideologies and published a lot theoretical works.
Methodical Splendid mass organizer and administrator
Knows how to go to the masses and organize them to realize these slogans
A classical example: "On the Rectification of Incorrect Ideas in the Party",
dealing with such errors as "the purely military viewpoint, extreme democratization, non-organizational viewpoint, absolute equalitarianism, subjectivism, adventurism, etc."
Possesses Foresight Mao was born in a turbulent time where
China was dubbed “the sick man in asia” and constantly suppressed by the Japanese and Western countries
Despite these adversities, Mao foresaw a China modelled by Marxist Communism to regain its international dominance.
Innovative
Ideas about class warfare
Developed his own version of Marxist Communism, also known as Maoism.
seemingly impossible for anyone to conjure the idea of turning against his own class, subjecting them to humiliating struggle and taking away their property
some have dubbed Mao as “the dreamer”
Charismatic
Mao was very charismatic to the Chinese people as he was seen to be a visionary and appealing to the peasants.
People hailed Mao as the Great Leader Chairman and National Hero.
Even today, some people regard Mao as the saviour of the people and a god-like figure.
Ruthless Would do anything to consolidate his power and
realise his vision for China.
Very strict about media censorship, preventing publications of any media anti-communism and promoting capitalism
During the 'Hundred Flowers Campaign‘, Mao invited suggestions and opinions from party members about how China should be governed.
It was said that Mao used this policy as a method of identifying and subsequently prosecuting his enemies.
Mao’s Leadership Style
Mao Zedong practiced the leadership style of transformational leadership.
Transformational leaders aims to achieve a positive change from the current situation with a vision in mind and are generally more task-oriented than people-oriented.
Mao’s Leadership Style
Transformational leaders are usually motivated by their vision or goal rather than to service and empower their people.
Transformational leaders are also usually more concerned about the achieved result than the development of his followers in the process
Mao’s Leadership Style
Mao is a typical Transformational leader.
This is evident from how he desired to achieve his goal and visions for China despite the sacrifices.(Loss of millions of lives)
The Cultural Revolution, inspired by his vision of a China that would be in “perpetual revolution” was carried despite the heavy prices of the destruction of heritage and loss of lives.
Mao’s Leadership Style
Comparison between characteristics of Transformational leaders and Servant leaders.Characteristics of Servant
LeadersCharacteristics of Transformational Leaders
More People Oriented More Task Oriented
Process Oriented Result Oriented
Believes in empowering and enabling others
Believes in doing what is most efficient for the result
Common Interest in the people
Common Interest in the organization
Are value and character driven
Are goal and profit driven
Is Mao a great leader?
We believe that Mao is an great leader.
Mao has fulfilled the first criteria of maintaining support of his people. During his reign, Mao was greatly supported by his followers and hailed as the “Great Leader”. Mao was named a national hero after his death and even today, some see him like a god-like figure and the saviour of the people.
Is Mao a great leader?
Next, Mao has also fulfilled the second criteria as he has indeed resulted in a significant change to China. Mao was known as the architect of modern China and his successes in the war against KuoMingTang and his various policies(E.g. The Great Leap Forward) has significantly shaped China.
Lastly, Mao have fulfilled the third criteria of having deep and lasting impacts on China. It was Mao’s policies that laid the grounds in China that made China’s current successes possible and Mao’s political ideology and philosophies continues to shape China and the way its citizens think.
Is Mao a good leader?
Our group believes that despite Mao’s significant impact on China, He is not a good leader.
This is because although Mao’s leadership has transformed China into a independent and powerful nation and laid the important foundations to China’s success, he does not possess the traits of a good leader. Furthermore, Mao’s actions has led to tremendous damage and the lost of millions of lives in China.
Is Mao a good leader?
First, Mao does not possess any of the qualities of a good leader.
Mao showed no empathy towards his citizens and all of his actions are motivated by his own visions. This is evident from the Great Leap Forward, where widespread famine resulting in death occurred in China.
The Cultural Revolution reached resulted in huge damages to China was also based on his sole vision without understanding the needs of the Chinese.
Is Mao a good leader?
Most importantly, Mao is not a good leader because of the damage he caused.
Mao’s policies have resulted in the huge loss of human lives. For example, in the cultural revolution, millions of intellectuals were persecuted and killed just for Mao’s consolidation of power.
In the consolidation of power, Mao was well known for sabotaging and executing political rivals. Deng Xiaoping was one of Mao’s rivals who survived the persecution.
Its is estimated that 50 - 80 Million people lost their lives as a result of Mao’s actions.
Blibliography
http://www.marxists.org/archive/foster/1955/history-three-internationals/mao.htm
http://famousrelationships.topsynergy.com/Mao_Zedong/Characteristics.asp
http://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/employee-development-leadership/706051-1.html
http://history.culturalchina.com/en/46H9449H13450.html
http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/mao-zedong-56.php
http://www.famous-quotes.com/author.php?aid=7936