malthusian persentation

8/7/2019 malthusian persentation

1/19

The Malthusian Theory


2/19

Group Members:

Marissa Dalton

Nicola Namdeo

Sabina Savory

Khemchan Persaud


3/19


4/19

Introduction

In 1798 Thomas R. Malthus, a British economistand demographer postulated a mathematicalmodel of population growth. In his theory of

Population he highlighted the potential dangersof overpopulation.


5/19

Introduction

If the human population was allowed to increaseuncontrollably, then the number of people

would increase at a more rapid rate than the

food supply. Subsequently, the humanpopulation would reach a point where the foodsupply would be insufficient to support it.


6/19

The Theory


7/19

The Theory

Malthus's model is an example of a model withone variable (population) and one parameter(the population growth rate). Thus, theMalthusian model can be expressedmathematically as:

X(i+1) = (1+r)X(i)

Where: X(i) represents the population size duringtime period i and r denotes the population growthrate per unit of time.


8/19

The Theory

For example, if a population of 100 individualsincreased to a population 135 individuals overthe course of, say, five years, therefore: X(i)=100r= 35% every 5 years.


9/19


10/19

The Malthusian Population Trap


11/19



12/19


Aggregate Income

Total Population

IF

Aggregate income> total population= per capita income

AND IF

Aggregate income< total population= per capita income


13/19



14/19

Criticisms of the Model

The Malthusian population trap is basically

criticized on two (2) major grounds:

1. The model ignores the enormous impact oftechnological progress offsetting the growth-

inhibiting forces to rapid population increases.


15/19


16/19


2. The second area of criticism is based on the

assumption that the national rates ofpopulation increase have a direct positiverelationship with the level of national per capitaincome.


17/19


Summarized, Malthusian and Neo-Malthusiantheories were rejected on the following grounds:

1. The role and impact of technological progressis not adequately taken into account.

2. They are based on a hypothesis about a macrorelationship between population growth levels

and per capital income.3. The focus on the wrong variable, per capita

income, as the principal determinant ofpopulation growth rates.


18/19

Conclusion

WHAT IS THE LINK BETWEEN THEMALTHUSIAN MODEL AND ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT?


19/19

Thank you.

Documents

malthusian persentation