in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer disease. N Engl J Med 1996;335:242–249. 32. Correa P, Malcom G, Schmidt B, Fontham E, Ruiz B, Bravo JC, Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL. Review article: antioxidant mi- cronutrients and gastric cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998; 12(suppl 1):73– 82. 33. Mannick EE, Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL, Zhang XJ, Ruiz B, Fontham ET, Mera R, Miller MJ, Correa P. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gas- tritis: effect of antibiotics and antioxidants. Cancer Res 1996; 56:3238 –3243. 34. Nyren O. Is Helicobacter pylori really the cause of gastric cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 1998;8:275–283. Received February 7, 2001. Accepted June 6, 2001. Address requests for reprints to: Anna Mia Ekstro ¨m, M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D., Department of Medical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. e-mail: Anna.Mia.Ekstrom@ phs.ki.se; fax: (46) 8-314975. Mall of the Space of Mall Franklin Paine Mall (1862–1917) was born in Belle Plaine, Iowa. In 1880, he enrolled at the medical school of the University of Michigan where, for the ﬁrst time anywhere in the United States, the medical curriculum was extended to a full 3 years. Thence he undertook postgraduate study in Germany under the eminent Leipzig physiol- ogist Karl Ludwig (1816 –1895). There he elucidated the true origin of the thymus gland in a treatise that challenged the previous claim of his mentor; to Ludwig’s credit, he promptly acknowledged the correction by his student. On his return to the U.S., Mall gained appointment as assistant to William Welch (1850 –1934) in the pathology department at the newly established Johns Hopkins Hos- pital. There he collaborated with the surgeon William Halsted (1852–1922) in a study of the intestinal vasculature. After a brief stint at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, Mall returned to Johns Hopkins as professor of anatomy, where he resumed his investigation of blood circulation in the spleen and liver. This led to his delineation of the space in the portal triad that surrounds the origin of the portal vein and conveys lymph from the space of Disse to larger lymph channels. Although outshone by certain of his more celebrated colleagues, Mall was regarded by his intimates as repre- senting the true spirit of the early Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. —Contributed by WILLIAM S. HAUBRICH, M.D. Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California Copyright holder unknown. Photo obtained from the National Library of Medicine website (http://www.nlm.nih.gov). October 2001 H. PYLORI,CAGA, AND GASTRIC CANCER SUBTYPES 791

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in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer disease. N Engl J Med1996;335:242–249.

32. Correa P, Malcom G, Schmidt B, Fontham E, Ruiz B, Bravo JC,Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL. Review article: antioxidant mi-cronutrients and gastric cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12(suppl 1):73–82.

33. Mannick EE, Bravo LE, Zarama G, Realpe JL, Zhang XJ, Ruiz B,Fontham ET, Mera R, Miller MJ, Correa P. Inducible nitric oxidesynthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gas-tritis: effect of antibiotics and antioxidants. Cancer Res 1996;56:3238–3243.

34. Nyren O. Is Helicobacter pylori really the cause of gastric cancer?Semin Cancer Biol 1998;8:275–283.

Received February 7, 2001. Accepted June 6, 2001.Address requests for reprints to: Anna Mia Ekstrom, M.D., M.P.H.,

Ph.D., Department of Medical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet,Box 281, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (46) 8-314975.

Mall of the Space of Mall

Franklin Paine Mall (1862–1917) was born in Belle Plaine, Iowa. In1880, he enrolled at the medical school of the University of Michiganwhere, for the first time anywhere in the United States, the medicalcurriculum was extended to a full 3 years. Thence he undertookpostgraduate study in Germany under the eminent Leipzig physiol-ogist Karl Ludwig (1816–1895). There he elucidated the true originof the thymus gland in a treatise that challenged the previous claimof his mentor; to Ludwig’s credit, he promptly acknowledged thecorrection by his student. On his return to the U.S., Mall gainedappointment as assistant to William Welch (1850–1934) in thepathology department at the newly established Johns Hopkins Hos-pital. There he collaborated with the surgeon William Halsted(1852–1922) in a study of the intestinal vasculature. After a briefstint at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, Mall returnedto Johns Hopkins as professor of anatomy, where he resumed hisinvestigation of blood circulation in the spleen and liver. This led tohis delineation of the space in the portal triad that surrounds theorigin of the portal vein and conveys lymph from the space of Disseto larger lymph channels. Although outshone by certain of his morecelebrated colleagues, Mall was regarded by his intimates as repre-senting the true spirit of the early Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

—Contributed by WILLIAM S. HAUBRICH, M.D.Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California

October 2001 H. PYLORI, CAGA, AND GASTRIC CANCER SUBTYPES 791