F. R. VAN DE VOORTPROFESSOR EMERITUS

MCGILL UNIVERSITY.

MAKING THE MO$T OUT OF FTIR CONDITION

MONITORING OF LUBRICANTS

CHEMICAL OIL ANALYSIS

LUBRICANT QUALITY DATA IS USED AS AN EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT TOOL IN A WIDE RANGE OF INDUSTRIES

RANGES FROM TRUCK FLEET CRANKCASE OIL, HEAVY MACHINERY, TO GEAR BOX OIL, TRANSMISSION FLUIDS TO TRANSFORMER OILS

THE MOST TANGIBLE CHEMICAL LUBRICANT QUALITY INFORMATION COMES FROM KNOWING ITS ACID OR BASE NUMBER AS WELL AS ITS MOISTURE CONTENT

THIS INFORMATION IS NORMALLY DETERMINED USING WELL ESTABLISHED QUANTITATIVE ASTM POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION PROCEDURES WHICH ARE TEDIOUS, REAGENT INTENSIVE AND EXPENSIVE TO CARRY OUT

QUANTITATIVE

ANBNH2O

FTIR SPECTROSCOPY

A KEY TOOL FOR LUBRICANT ANALYSIS IS FTIR SPECTROSCOPY IT CURRENTLY PLAYS A LARGELY QUALITATIVE

ROLE AS A LUBRICANT SCREENING TOOL FOR IN-SERVICE OIL CONDITION MONITORING

ASTM E2412-10 STANDARD PRACTICE FOR CONDITION MONITORING OF USED LUBRICANTS BY TREND ANALYSIS USING FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED (FT-IR) SPECTROMETRY (SET-UP ASTM D7418-07)

• EFFECTIVELY TAKES A SPECTRAL FINGERPRINT OF THE USED OIL AND TRENDS KEY INDICATOR BANDS OVER TIME TO DETECT SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN OIL CHEMISTRY OR COMPOSITION

• USES A DEDICATED FTIR SPECTROMETER, AUTOSAMPLER, PERISTALTIC OR SYRINGE PUMP WHICH PUSHES A NEAT OIL SAMPLE THROUGH A 100 M CELL

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

CURRENT FTIR SYSTEMS

THROUGHPUT RATES ARE LIMITED BY OIL VISCOSITY – CURRENTLY 20-50 SAMPLES/H DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM AND REQUIRE BETWEEN-SAMPLE SOLVENT RINSING

CAN HAVE SIGNIFICANT CELL WINDOW WEAR DUE TO ABRASION

CONTAMINANTS MONITORED INCLUDE WATER, SOOT, ETHYLENE GLYCOL, FUELS AND INCORRECT OIL

CHEMISTRY - OXIDATION, NITRATION AND SULFONATION OF BASE STOCKS ARE MONITORED AS EVIDENCE OF DEGRADATION

FTIR IS A STANDARD SCREENING TOOL AND ALMOST EVERY LUBE ANALYSIS LAB OFFERS THIS ANALYTICAL SERVICE

COMMON COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS

IMPROVED FTIR CONDITION MONITORING SYSTEM

DEVELOPED AN ALTERNATE APPROACH TO FTIR CONDITION MONITORING USING A TECHNIQUE TERMED SPECTRAL RECONSTITUTION

ADD A SPECTRAL MARKER TO ODORLESS MINERAL SPIRITS (OMS)

DILUTE THE LUBRICANT SAMPLE WITH MARKED OMS (TYPICALLY ~1:2)

SHAKE, LOAD INTO AUTOSAMPLER AND RUN THE SPECTRAL MARKER IS USED TO CALCULATE

THE SAMPLE DILUTION, REMOVE THE OMS SPECTRAL CONTRIBUTION FROM THE SAMPLE SPECTRUM AND MATHEMATICALLY RECONSTITUTE THE NEAT SPECTRUM OF THE OIL

ALL OF THIS IS DONE UNDER SOFTWARE CONTROL AND THE COMPONENTS ARE MEASURED AS PER ASTM 2412-10 AND DELIVERED TO THE LIMS SYSTEM FOR REPORTING

DILUTED SAMPLES ARE EASY TO PUMP THROUGH THE FTIR

CELL

SPECTRAL RECONSTITUTION PROCEDURE

>150 SAMPLES/H WITH NO RINSE REQUIRED

NO DILUTION MEASUREMENT IS REQUIRED

CAN USE OMS AS SOLVENT REDUCED CELL WEAR CAN USE KCl CELL WINDOWS USES THE SAME ASTM 2412-10

PROCEDURE PRODUCES IDENTICAL RESULTS AS

ASTM 2410-10 SAMPLE THROUGHPUT IS

MAXIMIZED AND MAINTENANCE MINIMIZED

SOLVENT USE IS MINIMIZED (NO RINSING)

TAKING FTIR QUANTITATIVE

THE MCGILL IR GROUP HAS WORKED ON DEVELOPING QUANTITATIVE FTIR METHODS FOR OVER 20 YEARS, STARTING WITH EDIBLE OILS AND MOVING ON TO LUBRICANTS

THE CURRENT APPROACH USES THE SAME BASIC PRINCIPLES AS THE ASTM PROCEDURES

USES STOICHIOMETRIC ACID-BASE REACTIONS, BUT STRUCTURED SO THAT THE REACTION PRODUCTS ARE IR-MEASURABLE RATHER THAN DETERMINED BY POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION

THE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE RESULTS IN DILUTED SAMPLES WITH REDUCED SAMPLE VISCOSITY

THUS THESE METHODS HAVE SIMILAR BENEFITS TO THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH THE FTIR SPECTRAL RECONSTITUTION CONDITION MONITORING PROCEDURE - SPEED

HOW DOES QUANTITATIVE FTIR ANALYSIS WORK ? CAN USE BN ANALYSIS AS AN EXAMPLE

NO TITRATIONREQUIRED TO DETERMINE

AN OR BN

USING FTIR BN AS AN EXAMPLE

BN MEASURES THE CONSUMPTION OF THE BASE PACKAGE IN A LUBRICANT CAUSED BY OXIDATIVE ACID FORMATION AND/OR BLOW-BY OF NITRATES AND SULFATES

OIL BN IS MEASURED BY POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION WITH A STRONG ACID (PERCHLORIC ACID OR HCl) EXPRESSED AS MG KOH/G OIL

ANALYTICAL UPSIDE: RESULTS ARE QUANTITATIVE LOSS OF BN IS A REAL MEASURE OF OIL DETERIORATION CAN BE LINKED DIRECTLY TO EQUIPMENT FAILURE

• ANALYTICAL DOWNSIDE: ALTHOUGH AUTOMATED – ASTM BN ANALYSIS BY TITRATION IS CUMBERSOME, SOLVENT/REAGENT AND MAINTENANCE INTENSIVE ANALYTICAL THROUGHPUT IS LIMITED (~6

SAMPLES/H/INSTRUMENT) STATUS: NO VIABLE, LOWER-COST OR HIGHER-

VOLUME QUANTITATIVE METHODS ARE AVAILABLE

AUTO-TITRATOR

AN AND BNANALYSES

ARE BOTTLENECK

SAND

EXPENSIVE

QUANTITATIVE FTIR BN ANALYSIS

CONCEPTS: USE ACID-BASE REACTION AS PER ASTM PROCEDURE;

BUT USE AN IR-ACTIVE ACID MEASURE THE PRODUCTS BY FTIR RATHER THAN USING

THE TITRIMETRIC ENDPOINT CALIBRATION - ADD KNOWN AMOUNTS OF A DEFINED

BASE TO AN ADDITIVE-FREE MINERAL OIL USE THE DISCRIMINANT POWER OF FTIR TO MEASURE

THE SPECTRAL CHANGES INDUCED BY THE ACID-BASE REACTION IN THE OIL

AUTOMATE THE ANALYSIS BY LOADING THE REAGENT-ADDED AND PRE-REACTED SAMPLES INTO AN AUTOSAMPLER AND ANALYZE BY FTIR TO OBTAIN THROUGHPUTS OF >120 SAMPLES/H

SYSTEM REQUIRES CALIBRATION TO CONVERT SPECTRAL SIGNAL INTO MG KOH/G

ACID-BASERXN

RESULTS IN FTIR

MEASURABLE SPECTRAL CHANGES

BN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

SPIKE 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE (AN OIL-SOLUBLE, WELL DEFINED BASE) INTO ADDITIVE-FREE BASE OIL IN KNOWN AMOUNTS (MG KOH/G) TO MAKE CALIBRATION STANDARDS (S0-SX)

REACT THESE OIL STANDARDS WITH 5% IR ACTIVE ACID DISSOLVED IN SOLVENT WHICH BOTH DILUTES THE OIL AND FACILITATES THE REACTION

LOAD IR CELL WITH THE REAGENT SOLUTION (S), COLLECT ITS SPECTRUM FOLLOWED BY EACH OF THE CALIBRATION STANDARDS (S0-SX)

SUBTRACT REAGENT SOLUTION (S) SPECTRUM FROM EACH OF THE S0-SX SPECTRA TO OBTAIN THEIR DIFFERENTIAL SPECTRA AND MEASURE THE SPECTRAL CHANGES RESULTING FROM THE ACID/BASE REACTION

PLOT THE SPECTRAL SIGNAL OF THE ACID CONSUMPTION AGAINST THE KNOWN AMOUNT OF BASE IT HAS REACTED WITH

CAN CALIBRATE GRAVIMETRICALL

Y USING A DEFINED

BASE

CALIBRATION SPECTRA

SPECTRAL RESPONSE OF A CONSTANT AMOUNT OF ACID ADDED TO KNOWN AMOUNTS OF A DEFINED BASE (MG KOH/G)

CAN SPECTRALLYMEASURE

THECHANGE INDUCED

BY THE RXN

TYPICAL BN STANDARD CURVE

SPECTRAL RESPONSE PLOT OBTAINED FOR KNOWN AMOUNTS OF BN REPRESENTED BY 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE AFTER REACTING WITH AN IR-ACTIVE ACID

USED TO CONVERT SPECTRAL CHANGES INTO BN

AN ANALOGOUS PROCEDURE IS USED TO CALIBRATE FOR AN, USING OLEIC ACID AS THE CALIBRATION ACID

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

0

5

10

15

20

Gra

vim

etric

BN

(mg

KO

H/g

) Oil

FTIR Absorbance

1-Methyl Imidazole

BN CALIBRATION PLOT

SUMMARY

FTIR RESPONDS PROPORTIONATELY AND QUANTITATIVELY TO BASE (OR ACID) ADDED TO MINERAL OILS CONCEPT EXTENDS TO IN-USE OILS ENABLING

AN AND BN TO BE TRACKED QUANTITATIVELY WHAT IS GAINED?

SAMPLE IS DILUTED, VISCOSITY IS REDUCED AND HIGH VOLUME THROUGHPUTS CAN BE ACHIEVED BY COUPLING AN AUTOSAMPLER TO THE FTIR AND ANALYZING PRE-PREPARED SAMPLES

WITH APPROPRIATE SOFTWARE, THE SPECTROSCOPIC ELEMENTS (E.G., SPECTRAL DATA MANIPULATIONS, MEASUREMENTS AND DATA PROCESSING) ARE ALL TRANSPARENT TO THE USER AND ONLY THE FINAL RESULTS ARE PRESENTED TO A LIMS SYSTEM

NO ENDPOINT, TITRATION RATE OR INTERPOLATION ISSUES TO CONTEND WITH

SAMPLE ISDILUTED

AND REACTS

A MEASURABLE SPECTRAL CHANGE

TAKES PLACE

NO ENDPOINTISSUES

METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

THE ABSOLUTE BN VALUES OBTAINED ARE A FUNCTION OF THE pKa OF THE ACID OR BASE USED IN THE ANALYSIS

D2896 (PERCHLORIC ACID) VS. D4739 (HCl); EACH PRODUCES DIFFERENT BN VALUES FOR THE SAME SAMPLE

BECAUSE HCl IS A WEAKER ACID

THE SAME IS TRUE OF THE FTIR BN METHOD RELATIVE TO THE ASTM METHODS AS IT USES AN EVEN WEAKER ORGANIC ACID

HOWEVER, THE RESULTS BETWEEN IR AND ASTM METHODS WILL CORRELATE AS LONG AS THE ACID IS STRONG ENOUGH TO REACT WITH PREDOMINANT BASES (USUALLY METAL CARBONATES) AND VICE VERSA

THE ACID USED FOR THE BN FTIR METHOD MEETS THIS CRITERION WITH THE SAME BEING TRUE FOR THE BASE USED FOR THE AN METHOD

AT ISSUERESULTS:

BN: ASTM 2896

BN: ASTM 4739

BN: FTIR

COMPARING ABSOLUTE BN VALUES

BN PLOTS OF RELATIVE RESULTS FOR THE SAME OILS ANALYZED BY ASTM D2896, D4739 AND FTIR

FTIR PRODUCES THE LOWEST ABSOLUTE RESULTS, BUT ALL METHODS CORRELATE

ONE CAN ESTABLISH RELATIONSHIPS THAT ALLOW CONVERSION OF ONE METHOD TO THE OTHER

HOWEVER, NOT THE BEST OPTION PERCHLORIC > HCl > FTIR

RECONCILING FTIR AND ASTM DATA

THE PROBLEM WITH SWITCHING METHODS (WITHIN ASTM OR FTIR) IS THAT THE ABSOLUTE NUMBERS OBTAINED ARE METHOD DEPENDENT ON AND CHANGE FROM ONE METHOD TO THE OTHER

CHANGING THE YARDSTICK (E.G., INCHES TO CM) IS PROBLEMATIC AND CAN LEAD TO CLIENT CONFUSION

IDEALLY, THE FTIR RESULTS OBTAINED SHOULD MATCH THE NUMBERS HISTORICALLY OBTAINED BY THE LABORATORY’S ASTM METHOD

WE HAVE ACHIEVED THIS IN A MANNER SUCH THAT THE CURRRENT LABORATORY ANALYTICAL FRAME OF REFERENCE NEED NOT BE PERTURBED

THIS IS DONE VIA A MIXED-MODE CALIBRATION BASED ON BOTH WELL-DEFINED, MODEL CALIBRATION STANDARDS AS WELL AS REPRESENTATIVE OILS ANALYZED BY BOTH THE PREFERRED ASTM METHOD AS WELL AS BY FTIR

CAN CALIBRATE SO THAT:

FTIR = ASTM 2896

OR

FTIR = ASTM 4739

CALIBRATION STANDARDS - BEERS LAW

A PURE WEAK ACID OR BASE IS USED TO PREPARE THE CALIBRATION STANDARDS TO REPRESENT IDEAL OILS WITH NO ADDITIVES, SOOT OR CONTAMINANTS

THESE ARE DESIGNED TO DEMONSTRATE A LINEAR RESPONSE TO ACID OR BASE AND ALSO TO PROVIDE AN UNEQUIVOCAL CALIBRATION ANCHOR

THUS GRAVIMETRIC ADDITION OF OLEIC ACID OR METHYLIMIDAZOLE IN ADDITIVE FREE MINERAL OIL PRODUCES A LINEAR PLOT

IN-SERVICE OILS ARE MORE COMPLEX TENDING TO CONTAIN ADDITIVES, CONTAMINANTS AND SOOT…

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30

0

1

2

3

4

5

Gra

vim

etric

AN

(mg/

g) O

il

FTIR Absorbance

Oleic Acid

AN CALIBRATION PLOT

PLS CALIBRATION

REAL OIL CONSTITUENTS AND CONTAMINANTS AFFECT THE SAMPLE SPECTRAL SIGNATURE AND CAN CONFOUND A SIMPLE BEER’S LAW CALIBRATION, WHICH CANNOT ACCOUNT FOR SUCH SPECTRAL VARIANCES

CHEMOMETRIC TECHNIQUES SUCH AS PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES (PLS) CAN HOWEVER DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN SPECTRAL SIGNALS THAT CORRELATE WITH AN OR BN AND THOSE THAT DO NOT

PLS REQUIRES CALIBRATION AGAINST THE ASTM REFERENCE METHOD BY USING THE TYPES OF SAMPLES COMMONLY ANALYZED (E.G., MINERAL OILS)

BY PROVIDING ASTM RESULTS FOR THE SAME SAMPLE ANALYZED BY FTIR, AS WELL AS USING THE BEER’S LAW SPECTRA OF THE STANDARDS, PLS CAN SORT OUT SIGNAL INTERFERENCES AND MINIMIZE ERRORS

WHEN PROPERLY CALIBRATED, THE PREDICTIONS OBTAINED FROM THE PLS CALIBRATION WILL MATCH THOSE OBTAINED BY THE ASTM REFERENCE METHOD USED

CAN USE YOUR OWNASTM DATA

TO FURTHER SOLIDIFY THE

BASIC BEERS LAWCALIBRATION

REAL OILS ARE MESSY

(SPECTRALLY)

OPTIMAL PLS BN CALIBRATION

BN CALIBRATION BASED ON 215 USED DIESEL AND NATURAL GAS ENGINE OILS INCLUDING THE 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE STANDARDS

RESULTS MATCH AND TRACK ASTM RESULTS WITH A SD = ± 0.39 BN

0 5 10 15 20

0

5

10

15

20

PRED

ICTE

D B

N

ASTM BN

OPTIMIZING A PLS CALIBRATION CROSS-VALIDATED CALIBRATION

TYPICAL AN CALIBRATION

AN CALIBRATION BASED ON 163 USED MINERAL OIL SAMPLES AND MODEL OLEIC ACID STANDARDS WITH SD = ± 0.195 AN

0 1 2 3 4 5-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

PRED

ICTE

D A

N

ASTM AN

CROSS-VALIDATEDAN CALIBRATION

MINERAL OILS

BENEFITS

OUTCOME - THE RESULTS (AN OR BN) ARE EXPRESSED IN EXACTLY THE SAME TERMS AND MAGNITUDES AS THE ASTM METHOD USED IN-HOUSE AND THERE IS NO NEED TO CHANGE THE YARDSTICK

CALIBRATIONS CAN BE ADDED TO, REFINED AND MADE MORE ROBUST OVER TIME

WITH FTIR IMPLEMENTATION, SAMPLE THROUGHPUT RISES FROM 6-10/H TO >100 SAMPLES/H

THE RESULTS ARE QUANTITATIVE, WITH >95% CONFIDENCE THAT THE FTIR RESULT OBTAINED WILL REFLECT THE ACTUAL VALUE OF THE ASTM PROCEDURE

WITH ENHANCED THROUGHPUT ONE CAN EXPAND AN AND BN MONITORING FOR ROUTINE QUANTITATIVE TRENDING

FTIR PROVIDES A COST EFFECTIVE MEANS TO TRACK AN AND BN IN REAL TIME - ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR ONGOING ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL EQUIPMENT

FTIR=ASTM

IDENTICAL RESULTS

>100 SAMPLES/H

COST EFFECTIVE

ACTUAL OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE - AN

COMMERCIAL LABORATORY OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE ASTM AN VS. FTIR AN RESULTS OVER A TWO MONTH PERIOD - DIRECT

COMPARISON AND DIFFERENCE DISTRIBUTIONS – MD = 0.011 mg KOH/g SDD = ±0.184 mg KOH/g

0 1 2 3 4 50

10

20

30

40

Sam

pole

Fre

quen

cy

Sample AN (mg KOH/g)

ASTM AN FTIR AN

-0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.40

10

20

30

40

50

Sam

ple

Freq

uenc

y

AN Difference (ASTM - FTIR); mg KOH/g

Acid Number

ACTUAL OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE - BN

-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

20

40

60

80

100

Sam

ple

Freq

uenc

y

BN Difference (ASTM - FTIR); mg KOH/g

Base Number

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

30

60

90

120

150

Sam

ple

Freq

uenc

y

Sample BN (mg KOH/g)

ASTM BN FTIR BN

COMMERCIAL LABORATORY OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE ASTM BN VS. FTIR BN RESULTS OVER A TWO MONTH PERIOD – DIRECT

COMPARISON AND DIFFERENCE DISTRIBUTIONS MD = -0.006 mg KOH/g SDD = ±0.262 mg KOH/g

AN–BN SUMMARY

ROBUST FTIR METHODS FOR AN AND BN USING ASTM PRINCIPLES ARE NOW AVAILABLE TO DELIVER ASTM-IDENTICAL RESULTS

SAMPLE PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS IS SIMPLE AND STRAIGHT FORWARD (SAMPLE + REAGENT -> SHAKE – LOAD IN

AUTOSAMPLER -> SCAN TRAY)

THESE METHODS ARE FULLY AUTOMATED, TURNKEY SYSTEMS CAPABLE OF ANALYZING >100 SAMPLES/H AND TRANSFERRING THE DATA DIRECTLY TO A LIMS SYSTEM

FTIR OPENS UP NEW ANALYTICAL OPPORTUNITIES, IN PARTICULAR QUANTITATIVE TRENDING OF CRITICAL EQUIPMENT THAT NEEDS CLOSE AND ROUTINE MONITORING

ROBUST

TURNKEY

PROVIDESNEW OPPORTUNITIES

NEW DEVELOPMENT – FTIR H2O ANALYSIS

MOISTURE IS A CRITICAL VARIABLE AFFECTING LUBRICANT QUALITY

AT ONE EXTREME THERE IS THE CRACKLE TEST WHICH IS VERY CRUDE, BUT CHEAP, WHILE AT THE OTHER END IS THE KARL FISCHER (KF), WHICH IS ACCURATE, BUT QUITE EXPENSIVE

WE HAVE DEVELOPED A PROPRIETARY AUTOMATED FTIR MOISTURE METHOD THAT IS MUCH SIMPLER THAN THE KF, BUT IS AS, OR MORE ACCURATE.

AS A RESULT, MOISTURE BECOMES A ROUTINE AND VERY COST EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS, ESPECIALLY RELATIVE TO KF AND BE CAN RUN AT > 100 SAMPLES/H

THIS METHOD IS ALSO BASED ON A STOICHIOMETRIC REACTION USING IR ACTIVE REAGENTS

THERMAL-LUBE IS CURRENTLY LOOKING FOR LABORATORIES INTERESTED IN EVALUATING AND IMPLEMENTING THIS NEW METHODOLOGY

H2O BY FTIR

H2O CALIBRATION

STANDARDS - WATER ADDED TO SODIUM METAL DRIED MINERAL OIL

WATER IS INTRODUCED INTO OIL USING A WATER CARRIER SOLVENT

REAGENT CONTAINING SOLVENT IS ADDED – VIAL IS SEPTUM SEALED

AUTOSAMPLER PENETRATES SEPTUM AND DRAWS SAMPLE INTO A 200 µM KCl CELL

CALIBRATION SD = < 5 PPM

ANALYSIS - USE THE CRACKLE TEST TO DETERMINE SAMPLE SIZE RELATIVE TO REAGENT

CAN RUN >100 SAMPLES/H

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

PPM

AD

DED

WA

TER

ABS

MOISTURE CALIBRATION

FTIR VS KF COMPARISON

GRAVIMETRICALLY PREPARED WET/DRY OIL BLENDS

ANALYZED BY TWO KF METHODS IN TWO SEPARATE COMMERCIAL LABS AS WELL AS BY FTIR

ALL METHODS TRACK MOISTURE CHANGE LINEARLY, BUT GIVE SLIGHTLY DIFFERING ABSOLUTE VALUES

FTIR HAS THE LOWEST SD

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

H2O

ppm

Proportion Wet Lubricant

FTIR SD = 6 ppm Coulometric SD = 32 ppm Coulometric-Heater SD = 16 ppm

COAT ANALYTICAL SYSTEM

THERMAL-LUBE COAT ANALYTICAL SYSTEM

BOMEM SPECTROMETER, MINI-PUMP, GILSON AUTOSAMPLER AND UMPIRE SOFTWARE

THIS IS THE FIRST MULTI-PURPOSE FTIR DESIGNED SPECIFICALLY FOR LUBRICANT-FUEL ANALYSIS FTIR IN-SERVICE CONDITION MONITORING

- QUALITATIVE FTIR BN – QUANTITATIVE FTIR AN – QUANTITATIVE FTIR H2O – QUANTITATIVE

EACH METHOD RUNS INDEPENDENTLY OF THE OTHERS

COAT FEATURES

ALL METHODS DILUTE THE SAMPLE TO FACILITATING SAMPLE THROUGHPUT

UMPIRE SOFTWARE:

CONTROLS THE PUMP, CONTROLS AUTOSAMPLER, CONTROLS FTIR CARRIES OUT METHOD-SPECIFIC

SPECTRAL PROCESSING DELIVERS THE RESULTS TO THE LIMS

SYSTEM CALIBRATIONS ARE TRANSFERABLE

BETWEEN INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM IS PROGRAMMABLE FOR

DEVELOPING YOUR OWN METHODS OR THOSE DEVELOPED FOR CLIENTS

SIMPLICITY - ACCESSIBILITY

STANDARD DEMOUNTABLE KCl CELL – NO WEDGING FOR FRINGING NO RINSING BETWEEN SAMPLES – AUTO PATH LENGTH COMPENSATION

BOMEM OPEN ARCHITECTURE

UMPIRE SOFTWARE: COMPREHENSIVE - FLEXIBLE

FLEXIBILITY TO DEVELOP YOUR OWN METHODS SEND RESULTS TO LIMS MULTIPLE METHODS ON THE SAME INSTRUMENT

OTHER POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS

THE COAT SYSTEM IS VERY FLEXIBLE AND CAN ACCOMMODATE A VARIETY OF OTHER APPLICATIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED:

MEASUREMENT OF FUEL DILUTION QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF

GLYCOL MEASUREMENT OF BIODIESEL AND

ETHANOL/GAS BLENDS MOISTURE IN FUELS AND OTHER

HYDROPHOBIC MATRICES NEUTRALIZATION NUMBER (AN),

ANTIOXIDANTS AND MOISTURE IN TRANSFORMER OILS

PHOSPHATE ESTER BREAKDOWN

CONCLUSION

THIS PRESENTATION IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW OF WHAT CURRENT FTIR TECHNOLOGY IS CAPABLE OF RELATIVE TO LUBRICANT AND FUEL ANALYSIS

WE ARE BRINGING NEW FLEXIBILITY TO FTIR LUBRICANT ANALYSIS IT IS NOW A MULTI-PURPOSE TOOL WITH QUANTITATIVE

CAPABILITIES CAN BASICALLY DELIVER THE SAME RESULTS AS KEY ASTM

METHODS IN SIGNIFICANTLY LESS TIME, WITH LESS SOLVENT AND REAGENT USE

HAS THE POTENTIAL OF REVOLUTIONIZING LUBRICANT AN, BN AND H2O ANALYSIS AND MAY BECOME ASTM METHODS IN THE FUTURE

FTIR AN AND BN METHODS HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFULLY IMPLEMENTED IN A NUMBER OF LABS PROVIDING A SIGNIFICANT COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN TERMS OF THROUGHPUT AND PRICING

THANK YOU

http://www.thermal-lube.com/english/analytical/analytical.html

http://www.mcgill.ca/foodscience/mcgill-ir-group

frederik.vandevoort@mcgill.ca