Making It #9 - Our low-carbon future

7/31/2019 Making It #9 - Our low-carbon future

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Foamij

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cn mwp n{ciwml{p c{ kc|igo{mlp" c{ mwp l`cicfm`p}pwlf c{ glj{ll cn gl~lbcxfliw) Glpmjiowmcipp|è op ‒gl~lbcxlg‖" ‒mig|pw{mobmtlg‖ oig‒gl~lbcxmij‖ o{l miwliglg nc{ pwowmpwmòb`ci~limli`l oig gc icw il`lppo{mb} lux{lpp o d|gjfliw okc|w wel pwojl {lo elg k} oxo{wm`|bo{ c|iw{} c{ o{lo mi wel gl~lbcxfliwx{c`lpp) Fliwmci cn nm{f ioflp c{ cffl{`mobx{cg|`wp gclp icw `cipwmw|wl oi ligc{plfliw k} \IMGC)Wel cxmimcip" pwowmpwmòb gowo oig lpwmfowlp`ciwomilg mi pmjilg o{wm`blp o{l wel{lpxcipmkmbmw} cn wel o|wec{%p-" mi`b|gmij wecplzec o{l \IMGC flfkl{p cn pwonn" oig pec|bgicw kl cipmgl{lg op {lnbl`wmij wel ~mlzp c{ klo{mij wel ligc{plfliw cn \IMGC)Wemp gc`|fliw eop klli x{cg|`lg zmwec|wnc{fob \imwlg Iowmcip lgmwmij)

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ecz liw{lx{lil|{mob o`wm~mwmlpòi zc{a) Wel o{wm`bl blo~lp flzmwe wzc q|lpwmcip4 Wel nm{pwwemij weow cflp wc fmig mp welq|lpwmci cn cwel{ x{cg|`l{po{c|ig wel zc{bg) Pmi`lob|fmi|f mp x{cg|`lg oig|plg mi foi} xo{wp cn welzc{bg" zeow gc cwel{x{cg|`l{p gc zmwe welob|fmi|f g{cpp3 Mp mw {l`}`blgmi o pmfmbo{ zo}" c{ mp wemp o k|pmilpp fcglb weow oi klluxoiglg wc cwel{ c|iw{mlp”fo{alwp3

Wel pl`cig q|lpwmci`ci`l{ip ponlw}) Wel o{wm`blpwowlp weow ob|fmi|f g{cpp mp oeoto{gc|p zopwl fowl{mob" }lwjclp ci wc luxbomi ecz wel k}&x{cg|`w cn wel ob|fmi|fg{cpp mp |plg nc{ k|mbgmijfowl{mob" klièlp" oig nli`lxcpwp) Mn ow cil xcmiw welfowl{mob mp eoto{gc|p" ow zeowpwojl gclp mw kl`cfl ici&eoto{gc|p3b Ífmbl Xcwcbpa}" zlkpmwl`cffliw

Jccg wc {log okc|w o zcfoifoamij o p|``lpp cn mig|pw{mobzopwl {l`}`bmij ‒Lijmill{mijl`c&n{mligb} pcb|wmcip‖"%Foamij Mw"mpp|l 5-) Ze} gci”w }c| nlow|{l pcfl fc{l zcfli

l`c&liw{lx{lil|{p3 Wzc cflwc fmig)

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Wel{l f|pw kl bcogp fc{l)b Pwo`mo J{c~l" zlkpmwl`cffliw

Welli~m{cifliwobk{mia[l4 ‒Ci wel {cog ojomi ‐ zmwe oilz {cogfox‖" % Foamij Mw "mpp|l 5-" mw”p j{low weow wel@cffmppmcil{ mp wlbbmijmig|pw{} wc kl fc{l {lpc|{`l&lnnm`mliw) El illgp wc gc fc{lcn wemp oig blpp cn w{}mij wc

foal cip|fl{p wel x{ckblf%oig wel pcb|wmci-) El zop{l`liwb} mi Xcboig bo|ièmijwel ‒Jlil{owmci Ozoal) ]c|{ècm`lp foal o zc{bg cn gmnnl{li`l/‖ x{cj{offl" zemèzoiwp wc li`c|{ojl mwmtlip wcwemia okc|w welm{ mfxo`w ciwel xboilw zeli foamijx|{èopmij gl`mpmcip) Wemp mpobb ~l{} zlbb" k|w op Jo{ Bmxcz"o bcij&wmfl li~m{cifliwobo`wm~mpw zec eop pxliw }lo{pmffl{plg mi wel p|kdl`w cn lnnm`mli`} oig {lilzokbllil{j}" {l`liwb} z{cwl4 ‒Zl gmgicw jlw miwc wemp flpp ~momigm~mg|ob `cip|fl{ ècm`l"oig zl zci”w jlw c|w cn mw weowzo} lmwel{)‖

Plwwmij oi luofxbl k} gcmijpcfl pmfxbl" bcjmòb wemijp wc{lg|`l oi migm~mg|obli~m{cifliwob nccwx{miw mpzcigl{n|b" k|w |bwmfowlb}" zlzmbb icw foal |x" we{c|jex{m~owl pxligmij c{ bmnlpw}blèoijlp" nc{ wel no`w weow mw mpwel pwowl oig wel x{m~owl pl`wc{weow o{l wc kbofl nc{ k{mijmij|p wc wel li~m{cifliwob k{mia)

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Wel Jbckob Nc{|f pl`wmci cn Foamij Mw mp o pxo`l nc{ miwl{o`wmci oiggmp`|ppmci" oig zl zlb`cfl {lo`wmcip oig {lpxciplp n{cf {logl{p okc|woi} cn wel mpp|lp {omplg mi wel fojotmil) Blwwl{p nc{ x|kbmòwmci miFoamij Mw pec|bg kl fo{alg ―Nc{ x|kbmòwmci”" oig pliw lmwel{ k} lfomb wc4lgmwc{Hfoamijmwfojotmil)ilw c{ k} xcpw wc4 Wel Lgmwc{"Foamij Mw "[ccf G ;?7;" \IMGC" XC Kcu 088" ?788Zmli" O|pw{mo)%Blwwl{p#lfombp fo} kl lgmwlg nc{ {lopcip cn pxo`l-)

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Foamij

fc{l nc{ al{cplil) Wel nofmb} po~lpc~l{ \P'58 mi wel nm{pw }lo{" zemè òi kl pxliw ci cwel{ mfxc{woiw luxliplp" w}xmòbb} ci lg|òwmci"elobwe o{l oig klwwl{ i|w{mwmci)

Cil cn wel fmp`ci`lxwmcipokc|w wecpl bm~mij ―ci blpp weoi wzcgcbbo{p o go}” mp weow wel mi`cfl pcflecz o{{m~lp mi o {lj|bo{ pw{lof oig f|pw kl foiojlg ci o zllab} kopmp" op mn wel} o{l jlwwmij o

xo}èlq|l loè zlla) Mi {lobmw}"wel w{|l eobblijl mp foiojmij o bcz bl~lb cn mi`cfl weow mp obpc|ix{lgm`wokbl oig ~o{mokbl) O nofmb} zmbb lo{i \P'?88 zeli wel} eo{~lpw welm{ cnnll kloip" oig weli icwemij nc{ we{ll c{ nc|{ fciwep) C{ wel nowel{ zmbb fc~l wcwel mw} nc{ zc{a" oig plig ecfl fcil} l~l{} nlz fciwep)¨

Foiojmij wel pbczluxligmw|{l cn fcil} %wel \P';

xl{ zlla nc{ al{cplil- weow eop klli {l`lm~lg obb ow ci`l mp luw{lflb}gmnnm`|bw" lpxl`mobb} mi o |bw|{l zel{l mw mp luxl`wlg weow }c| peo{l zeow }c| eo~l) Op cil cn c|{ `|pwcfl{p wcbg |p4 ‒Zeli M eo~l fcil}" M bmal wc mi~lpw mw" k|w M gci”w w{|pw wel koiap) Wel} eo~l nllp weow low f} fcil}) O pcbo{ bofx mp o jccg mi~lpwfliw) Zeli M mi~lpw mi o pcbo{ bofx" M foal fcil}) Oig

f} k{cwel{ oi lidc} wel bmjew" k|w el gclp icw {loè mi f} xcàlw)‖ Mi wel xl{~l{pl l`cicfm`p cn xc~l{w}"wel cil&wmfl luxligmw|{l mpo`w|obb} o klwwl{ nmw wc mi`cfl xowwl{ip oig bl~lbp)

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pllf wc kl pbczmij gczi wc oilo{ pwoigpwmbb" c{ zc{pl) Wel{l`c~l{} %mn zl oi obb mw weow-n{cf wel {l`lppmci cn ;885&=pllfp wc eo~l {|i miwc welpoig)

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FoamijMw 5

JBCKOB NC[\F

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wc miw{cg|`l }c| wc ZmigFogl)Okc|w ?5 fciwep ojc" o c|xbl cn f}

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cn zmig w|{kmilp mi wel zc{bg) Mi Doi|o{} ;8??" lpwop zop ozo{glgwel To}lg N|w|{l Lil{j} X{mtl)

Fc{wli Obkîa miw{cg|`lp wel nm{pw jbckob`cip|fl{ boklb mgliwmn}mij `c{xc{owmcipoig x{cg|`wp fogl zmwe zmig lil{j})



Foamij

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mpp|mij {lob boklbp" wc {lob flfkl{p) Mw mp welnm{pw jbckob cip|fl{ boklb nc{ k{oigp oigx{cg|`wp fogl zmwe zmig lil{j}) Mw wcca oj{low glob cn zc{a oig {lowm~mw} wc {loèwemp xcmiw" oig zl c|bg icw eo~l x|bblg mwcnn zmwec|w wel w{lfligc|p p|xxc{w n{cfpl~l{ob xo{wil{p) Bopw }lo{" zl jowel{lg oimfx{lppm~l j{c|x cn nc|igmij xo{wil{p wc`{lowl oi miglxligliw ici&x{cnmwc{joimtowmci nc{ wemp empwc{m` mimwmowm~l)Loè nc|igl{ {lx{lpliwp oi mfxc{woiw

pwoalecbgl{ j{c|x oig lip|{lp weowZmigFogl woalp o cfx{lelipm~loxx{coè)b ^lpwopmp wel blog pxcipc{ oig xmcill{mijc{joimtowmci klemig ZmigFogl1b ZZN cnnl{p luxl{wmpl op wel blogmijjbckob p|pwomiokmbmw} c{joimtowmci" oig eopob{log} gl~lbcxlg foi} l{wmnmòwmcipwoigo{gp1b \I Jbckob @cfxo`w{lx{lpliwp wel jbckobxcbm`} pl`wc{" oig eop x{c`bomflgZmigFogl wel nm{pw jbckob cip|fl{ boklbl~l{ ligc{plg k} wel \imwlg Iowmcip1b Wel Jbckob Zmig Lil{j} @c|i`mb %JZL@-{lx{lpliwp wel ~cm`l cn" oig p|xxc{w n{cf"wel jbckob zmig mig|pw{}”p flfkl{p1b X{m`lzowl{ec|pl@ccxl{ppl{~lp op wel ~l{mnm owmci luxl{w wc lip|{l weow wel wem{gxo{w} o|gmw x{c`lpp mp {lgmkbl oign|i`wmciob1b Kbccfkl{j mp wel cnnm`mob gowo x{c~mgl{ nc{ZmigFogl1b Wel BLJC J{c|x{lx{lpliwp ZmigFogl”pwo{jlw o|gmli`l4 nc{zo{g&wemiamij`cip|fl{ k{oigp)

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Wel ZmigFogl boklb peczp cip|fl{pluo`wb} ecz f|è {lilzokbl lil{j} welm{

no~c|{mwl k{oigp |pl wc {|i welm{cxl{owmcip) Wc o``|{owlb} cff|imòwlwel gmnnl{liw oxx{coèlp wc bloi lil{j}x{c`|{lfliw" ZmigFogl eop {lowlg onofmb} cn boklbp) Wel nm{pw boklb" zem{l~loblg ci C`wckl{ ?8we" gmpxbo}p eczf|è zmig jlil{owlg lbl`w{m`mw} mp`cip|flg op o peo{l cn o cfxoi}”pc~l{obb lbl`w{m`mw} cip|fxwmci) Mi ;8?;ZmigFogl zmbb obpc pwo{w mpp|mij boklbweow oi kl xbo`lg ci o`w|ob x{cg|`wp wc

minc{f |pwcfl{p okc|w ecz f|è zmiglbl`w{m`mw} zop |plg mi mwp x{cg|`wmci

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Ow lpwop" zl |igl{pwoig weow ZmigFogmp empwc{m` mi fc{l zo}p weoi cil klò|plmw obpc glfcipw{owlp o ilz fcglb nc{`c{xc{owl xemboiwe{cx}) lpwop klbml~lgpw{cijb} mi wel xczl{ cn o {lgmkbl oig|pokbl cip|fl{ boklb nc{ {lilzokbllil{j} weow zl ecpl wc gl~cwl o n|bb&wmfwlof wc wel mglo" jowel{lg o gmpwmij|mpj{c|x cn nc|igmij xo{wil{p" oig welin|iglg o ici&jc~l{ifliwob c{joimtowmciweow lpwop ic bcijl{ `ciw{cbp) Mi cwel{zc{gp" lpwop mi~lpwlg fcil}" e|foiòxmwob" oig c|{ k{oig {lx|wowmci" wc {o jbckob c{joimtowmci weow omfp wc j{czliwm{l mig|pw{}" cib} wc eoig mw koà wcpc`mlw}) Zembl pcfl fmjew obb wemp oic~l{b} cfxbmòwlg fo{alwmij pw{owlj}" z

‒Wel ZmigFogl boklb peczp`cip|fl{p luo`wb} ecz f| e{lilzokbl lil{j} welm{no~c|{mwl k{oigp |pl wc {|iwelm{ cxl{owmcip)‖



FoamijMw ?8

JBCKOB NC[\F

`cipmgl{ mw wc kl o |wwmij&lgjlxemboiwe{cxm` fcglb weow zmbb pmjimnmòiwb}`ciw{mk|wl wc wel ciwmi|lg j{czwe cn welzmig mig|pw{})

Oggmwmciobb}" pmi`l ZmigFogl zop {lowlgci wel kopmp cn c|{ xl{`lxwmcip ci`l{imijwel wcxm` cn c{xc{owl {lilzokbl lil{j}pw{owljmlp" lpwop obpc poz wel illg wc gl~cwlfc{l {lpc|{`lp wc wel cbbl`wmci cn ci`{lwlgowo okc|w wel c{xc{owl p|pwomiokmbmw}w{ligp) Wemp minc{fowmci mp klmij eoiglg

koà wc wel zc{bg" klò|pl zl klbml~l weoww{oipxo{li`} mp lppliwmob wc o``lbl{owl welj{czwe cn {lilzokbl lil{j})

Wc ciw{mk|wl wc c|{ j{lowl{ ~mpmci cn w{oipxo{li`}" zl xo{wil{lg zmwe Kbccfkl{jIlz Lil{j} Nmioi`l wc gl~lbcx wel@c{xc{owl [lilzokbl Lil{j} Miglu %@[LU-wc gc`|fliw oig w{oà wel j{czwe mi`c{xc{owl {lilzokbl lil{j} w{ligp) Wel@[LU pelgp bmjew icw cib} ci wel i|fkl{ cn `cfxoimlp weow x{c`|{l {lilzokbl lil{j}" k|w obpc {l~lobp ecz f|è oig n{cf zeowpc|{`l) Wel @[LU mp wel nm{pw miglu cn mwpamig" x{c~mgmij w{oipxo{li`} wc jbckobx|{èoplp cn {lilzokbl lil{j} k} {lowmij obl~lb cn w{oipxo{li`} weow eop il~l{ lumpwlg klnc{l)

Zl obpc cffmppmcilg WIP Jobb|x wc`cig|`w o jbckob cip|fl{ zmig pw|g} wc|igl{pwoig wel j{czmij glfoig n{cf wel`cip|fl{ pmgl) Mi wel bo{jlpw p|{~l} cn mwpamig" 0?"888 cip|fl{p mi ;> c|iw{mlp zl{lopalg okc|w welm{ cxmimcip ci wcxm`p p|è op{lilzokbl lil{j}" x{cg|`wp fogl zmwe{lilzokbl lil{j}" oig okc|w ecz c{xc{owlo`wmcip mfxo`w cip|fl{ kleo~mc|{) Al}nmigmijp n{cf wemp p|{~l} peczlg weow icwcib} gc o fodc{mw} cn cip|fl{p cipmgl{`bmfowl eoijl op wel j{lowlpw pmijbl jbckobèobblijl" k|w =8, cn cip|fl{p zc{bgzmglzoiw fc{l {lilzokbl lil{j}" oig :=,zc|bg eo~l o fc{l xcpmwm~l xl{`lxwmci cn k{oigp x{cg|`lg zmwe {lilzokbl lil{j})

Mi wel n|w|{l" lpwop zmbb ciwmi|l wc|xgowl oig {ln{lpe wel gowo nc{ wel @[LUoig wel Jbckob @cip|fl{ Zmig Pw|g} %J@ZP- )

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Foamij

JBCKOB NC[

Nc{ icz" zl bcca nc{zo{g wc pllmij weli|fkl{ cn ZmigFogl flfkl{p j{cz) Welnm{pw ZmigFogl cfxoimlp o{l {mwmòbpw{lijwelimij wel ZmigFogl k{oig klò|pl wel} zmbb glfcipw{owl wc wel zc{bweow zmig oig cwel{ {lilzokbl lil{j}mig|pw{mlp o{l icw cib} el{l wc pwo}" k|wobpc kl`cfmij mi`{lopmijb} {lbl~oiw oigoww{o`wm~l wc o j{czmij j{c|x cn jbckobpwoalecbgl{p)

Wel boà cn bo{mw} okc|w ecz fo{alwp nwlèicbcjmlp" bmal zmig oig pcbo{" o{ll~cb~mij mp {lowmij ko{{ml{p nc{ n|w|{lj{czwe) Mi no`w" ZmigFogl" @[LU" oig weJ@ZP" j{lz c|w cn o nm{f klbmln weowe|foiamig mp kc{i plipmkbl) Oig welplwe{ll mimwmowm~lp zmbb ciwmi|l wc klp|xxc{wlg k} lpwop oig c|{ xo{wil{p g|lwc oicwel{ nm{f klbmln4 weow o`wm~owmplipmkmbmw}" we{c|je w{oipxo{li`}" zmbncpwl{ wel illglg xcpmwm~l kleo~mc|{obèoijl) Zl klbml~l weow mi`{loplgw{oipxo{li`} zmbb |i~lmb wel no`wp okc|wzeow cip|fl{p oig cfxoimlp zoiw"zemè zmbb li`c|{ojl mi`{loplgmi~lpwfliw mi wel jbckob p|xxb} cn {lilzokbl lil{j}) ZmigFogl" wel @[LUoig wel J@ZP cfkmil wc nc{f oxczl{n|b w{m|f~m{owl cn w{oipxo{li`}"x{c~mgmij cff|imòwmci wccbp nc{ jbcko`c{xc{owmcip oig welm{ pwoalecbgl{p wcwel w{|we klemig wel glfoig oig p|xxb}cn {lilzokbl lil{j}) i

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a

‒Icw cib} gc o fodc{mw} cn `cip|fl{p `cipmgl{ `bmfowlèoijl op wel j{lowlpw pmijbljbckob eobblijl" k|w =8, cn `cip|fl{p zc{bgzmgl zoiwfc{l {lilzokbl lil{j}" oig:=, zc|bg eo~l o fc{lxcpmwm~l xl{`lxwmci cn

k{oigp x{cg| lg zmwe{lilzokbl lil{j})‖



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JBCKOB NC[\F

FO[] [CKMIPCI omfp wc x|w d|pwm`l nc{wel xcc{ oig wel nc{jcwwli ow wel elo{w cn wel bmfowl glkowl oig wc lfxczl{ welfo{jmiobmtlg wc oèml~l p|pwomiokbl oigxlcxbl&`liw{lg gl~lbcxfliw)

Wel }lo{ ;8?; k{mijp zmwe mw n{lpecxxc{w|imwmlp wc {ln{ofl o`wmci ci bmfowlèoijl mi o xcpmwm~l bmjew ‐ wc nc`|p ci wel klilnmwp ‐ l cicfm`" pc`mob oigli~m{cifliwob ‐ cn o bcz o{kci j{llil`cicf}) ;8?; mp \I ]lo{ cn P|pwomiokblLil{j} nc{ Obb oig" mi wel fmggbl cn wel }lo{" obb l}lp zmbb nc`|p ci [mc ‐ ;8 }lo{p cin{cf wel Zc{bg @cinl{li`l ci P|pwomiokblGl~lbcxfliw ‐ zeli zl zmbb eo~l o bcijeo{g bcca ow ecz zl eo~l gl~lbcxlg" zeceop klilnmwlg" oig ow zeow cpw) [mc!;8x{c~mglp oi cxxc{w|imw} wc bcca ow ecz zlòi obb j{cz oig x{cpxl{" zmwec|wc~l{pw{lwèmij c|{ bmfmwlg iow|{ob{lpc|{`lp oig zmwec|w cfx{cfmpmij welbm~lp cn foi}" nc{ wel klilnmw cn o nlz) Zlillg wc fc|bg l`cicfm`" pc`mob oigli~m{cifliwob gl~lbcxfliw miwc o ilzfcglb cn mi`b|pm~l gl~lbcxfliw)

F} oxx{coè wc welpl mpp|lp mpliòxp|bowlg mi wel bmfowl d|pwm`loxx{coè M of glgmòwlg wc" oig zemè f}

Nc|igowmci" wel Fo{} [ckmipciNc|igowmci ‐ @bmfowl D|pwm`l %F[N`cffmwwlg wc glbm~l{mij) @bmfowl bmiap e|foi {mjewp oig gl~lbcxfliw wcoèml~l o e|foi&`liw{lg oxx{coè"ponlj|o{gmij wel {mjewp cn wel fcpw ~|bil{okbl" oig peo{mij wel k|{glip oig klilnmwp cn `bmfowl eoijl" oig mwp{lpcb|wmci" lq|mwokb} oig nom{b})

Gl~lbcxmij c|iw{mlpMi wel ciwluw cn wel iluw mig|pw{m{l~cb|wmci" mw zmbb kl {mwmòb w klilnmwp o{l peo{lg lq|mwokb} oig noGl~lbcxmij c|iw{mlp" oig fo{jmiobmt`cff|imwmlp zmwemi welpl c|iw{mlp" kl liokblg wc o`wm~lb} xo{wm`mxow klilnmw n{cf wel iluw zo~l cn l cicfm`j{czwe oig cxxc{w|imw}) Mi foi} zo}pgl~lbcxmij c|iw{mlp eo~l oi og~oiwojop wel} o{l pwo{wmij zmwe o bloi pbzmbb kl k|mbgmij min{opw{|`w|{l nc{wmfl" {owel{ weoi {lw{cnmwwmij) Wlfko{amij ci ilz nmpòb oig gl~lbcxfliwxcbm`mlp" zemè oi glbm~l{ o bmfow{lpmbmliw" bcz&ò{kci l`cicf}) Oig weo~l j{czmij" }c|ij" oig mi`{lopmijb}lg|òwlg xcx|bowmcip wc xczl{ wemp jl`cicfm` {l~cb|wmci)

@bmfowl èoijl" `bmfowl

@bmfowl d|pwm`l4 mip|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw

FO[] [CKMIPCI pl{~lg op wel pl~liwe"oig nm{pw nlfobl" X{lpmgliw cn M{lboig %?==8&?==:-" oig op wel \imwlg Iowmcip Emje@cffmppmcil{ nc{ E|foi [mjewp %?==:&;88;-" oig zop nc|igl{ oig X{lpmgliw cn [lobmtmij [mjewp4 Wel Lwemòb JbckobmtowmciMimwmowm~l %;88;&;8?8-) Pel mp |{{liwb} welX{lpmgliw cn wel Fo{} [ckmipciNc|igowmci ‐ @bmfowl D|pwm`l %F[N@D-)

FoamijMw ?;



Foamij

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Wemp p|{~l} luxbc{lg ze} oigecz cfxoimlp o{l ogg{lppmijp|pwomiokmbmw} oig wc zeow luwliwlul`|wm~lp klbml~l mw onnl`wp welm{`cfxoimlp” kcwwcf bmil" iczoig c~l{ wel iluw nm~l }lo{p)

Ci wel zecbl" {lpxcigliwp{lxc{w o fc{l zlbb&{c|iglg|igl{pwoigmij cn p|pwomiokmbmw}oig mwp luxl`wlg klilnmwp weoimi x{mc{ p|{~l}p) Op mi wel xopw"

wel} pll wel xcwliwmob nc{p|xxc{wmij `c{xc{owl{lx|wowmci" k|w wel} obpc luxl`wcxl{owmciob oig j{czwe&c{mliwlg klilnmwp mi wel o{lop cn `|wwmij `cpwp oig x|{p|mijcxxc{w|imwmlp mi ilz fo{alwpoig x{cg|`wp) N|{wel{fc{l"{lpxcigliwp mi `l{womimig|pw{mlp ‐ lil{j}" wel

Ponlw} oig pl`|{mw} ‐ Pc`mlwmlpxboj|lg k} we{lowp wc iowmciobpl`|{mw} oig xl{pciob ponlw}òiicw ncpwl{ j{czwe mi o~l{ojlbl~lbp cn mi`cfl c{ zlbb&klmij)

Xl{pciob n{llgcf ‐ Zeli`mwmtlip lidc} welm{ {mjewp wclux{lppmci" klbmln" c{joimtowmci"oig xl{pciob o|wcicf} mi o

pc`mlw} zlb`cfmij cn gm~l{pwelm{ c|iw{} lidc}p emjel{ cn mi`cfl oig pc`mob zlbb&k

Pc`mob oxmwob ‐ Pc`mobilwzc{ap oig wel celpmci wepc`mlw} luxl{mli`lp zeli xlcxw{|pw cil oicwel{ eo~l o gm{lnnl`w ci wel x{cpxl{mw} cn`c|iw{})

Oi miglu weow {oiap c|iw{mlp cikcwe zlobwe oig zlbb&klmijpeczp Ic{zo} {oialg i|fkl{cil c|w cn wel ??8 `c|iw{ml popplpplg" io{{czb} oelog cn Glifo{a oig O|pw{obmo) WelBljow|f X{cpxl{mw} Miglux{c~mglp wel zc{bg”p cib} jbckobopplppfliw cn iowmciobx{cpxl{mw} koplg ci kcwe zlobweoig zlbb&klmij)

W{ogmwmciob flop|{lp cn iowmciob x{cpxl{mw} o{l koplgliwm{lb} ci migmòwc{p cn o`c|iw{}”p mi`cfl) ]lw nc{ foi}xlcxbl" ―x{cpxl{mw}” mp icw d|pwokc|w fcil}" mw mp okc|wpowmpno`wmci zmwe c|{ bm~lp oigc|{ n|w|{l x{cpxl`wp) Wel Migluglnmilp x{cpxl{mw}op kcwe zlobweoig zlbb&klmij" oig nmigp weowwel fcpw x{cpxl{c|p iowmcip miwel zc{bg o{l icw il`lppo{mb}wecpl weow eo~l cib} o emje JGX"k|w o{l wecpl weow obpc eo~leoxx}" elobwe}" oig n{ll mwmtlip)

Wel Bljow|f X{cpxl{mw} Migluopplpplp ??8 c| iw{mlp"o``c|iwmij nc{ c~l{ =8, cn welzc{bg”p xcx|bowmci" oig mp koplgci 5= gmnnl{liw ~o{mokblp" loè cn

Wel x{cpxl{mw} migluzemè eop o glfcipw{owlg lnnl`wci l`cicfm` j{czwe c{ cixl{pciob zlbb&klmij) Wel Miglu`cipmpwp cn lmjew p|k&miglulp"loè cn zemè {lx{lpliwp on|igofliwob opxl`w cn x{cpxl{mw}4

L`cicf} ‐ Pwokbl oig j{czmijl`cicfmlp mi`{lopl xl{ oxmwomi`cfl oig x{cfcwl wel c~l{obbzlbb&klmij cn mwp mwmtlip)

Liw{lx{lil|{pemx oigcxxc{w|imw} ‐ O pw{cijliw{lx{lil|{mob bmfowl mi zemè`mwmtlip oi x|{p|l ilz mglopoig cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ mfx{c~mijwelm{ bm~lp blogp wc emjel{ bl~lbpcn mi`cfl oig zlbb&klmij)

Jc~l{ioi`l ‐ Zlbb&jc~l{ilgpc`mlwmlp lidc} iowmciobl`cicfm` j{czwe oig mwmtlizlbb&klmij)

Lg|òwmci ‐ Lg|òwmci mp o k|mbgmij kbcà nc{ x{cpxl{c|ppc`mlwmlp)

Elobwe ‐ O pw{cij elobwe o{lmin{opw{|`w|{l mi zemè mwmtlipo{l okbl wc lidc} jccg xe}pmòboig fliwob elobwe blogp wcemjel{ bl~lbp cn mi`cfl oig zlbb& klmij)

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Koia %OGK- X{lpmgliwEo{|emac A|{cgo wcbg wel Opmo&Xo`mnm` L`cicfm` @ccxl{owmci%OXL@- j{c|x”p ?5we oii|obfllwmij cn nmioi`l fmimpwl{p miEcicb|b|" mi Ic~lfkl{ ;8??)

Opmo”p kccfmij l`cicfmlpeo~l klli p|xxc{wlg k} wel{oxmg {cbb&c|w cn ilzmin{opw{|`w|{l k|w mi~lpwfliwp

lpwmfowlg ow o{c|ig \P'5w{io{l illglg klwzlli icz oig;8;8) Wemp zmbb {lq|m{lp|kpwoiwmob p|xxc{w n{cf welx{m~owl pl`wc{" oig A|{cgo pomgjc~l{ifliwp f|pw ciwmi|l{lj|bowc{} oig xcbm`} {lnc{fpwc li`c|{ojl miwl{iowmciob oiggcflpwm` mi~lpwc{p" op zlbb opx|kbm`&x{m~owl xo{wil{pemxp)

Wel OGK x{lpmgliw obpcpw{lpplg wel illg nc{ Opmo wc pwlx|x mwp lnnc{wp wc {lkoboi`l mwpl`cicfmlp" x|wwmij fc{l nc`|pci gcflpwm` oig {ljmciobb}g{m~li glfoig) El icwlg weowwemp zmbb {lq|m{l kcwe glfoigoig p|xxb}&pmgl xcbm`}flop|{lp" mi`b|gmij p|xxc{w nc{wel gl~lbcxfliw cn pfobb oig

flgm|f&pmtlg liwl{x{mplp)

i Wel Lul`|wm~l Pl`{lwo{} cn welL`cicfm` @cffmppmci nc{Bowmi Ofl{mò oig wel@o{mkkloi %L@BO@-" Obm`moKï{`lio" {lonnm{flg welmfxc{woi`l cn mfx{c~mij{ljmciob miwlj{owmci mi c{gl{ wcglob zmwe jbckob l`cicfm`

w|{k|bli`l) Ogg{lppmij welBowmi Ofl{mòi Miwlj{owmciOppc`mowmci %OBOGM- miFciwl~mglc" \{|j|o}" miIc~lfkl{ ;8??" Kï{`lio opalgwel c|iw{mlp nc{ j{lowl{miwlj{owmci oig o dcmiw BowmiOfl{mòi {lpxcipl wc glob zmwewel x{ckblfp cn wel l`cicfm``{mpmp) Pel obblg nc{ fc{l miwl{&

{ljmciob w{ogl oig nc{ nmpòbfowwl{p" mi~lpwfliw" miic~owmcioig pc`mob xcbm`mlp wc klx{mc{mwmtlg) Ow wel pofl wmfl"pel pomg weow mi wel l~liw cn oilz {l`lppmci mi gl~lbcxlg`c|iw{mlp c{ o ilz jbckobnmioi`mob `{mpmp" lfl{jmij`c|iw{mlp” {ccf nc{ foicl|~{lzmbb glxlig ci welm{ luwl{iob

koboi`l oig welm{ miwl{i{lpl{~lp" welm{ nmpòb ofcilwo{} xcbm`} pxo`l oigpw{|`w|{l cn welm{ nc{lmmi wl{fp cn x{cg|`wp oigfo{alwp)

Wel Lul`|wm~l Pl`{lwoL@BO@ pw{lpplg weowno`lp wemp pmw|owmci zopplwp" k|w obpc pmjimn

zloailpplp" p|è op |{{liwo``c|iw glnm`mw" o x{cg|luxc{wp pw{|`w|{l koplg `cfxo{owm~l og~oiwojlp weoi g}iofm` `cfxo{owm~og~oiwojlp" bcz mi~lpwflbojp mi miic~owmci" p`mwlèicbcj}" lg|òwmci oigmin{opw{|`w|{l" oig emjemipl`|{mw} oig ~mcbli`l)

[llpl Nl{ioiglt&[|mt" c&nc|igl{ cn [ojp;[mèlp Mi`) oil`c&lwemòb k|pmilpp koplg miFoimbo" wel Xembmxxmilp" zci wel]c|ij Liw{lx{lil|{ Ozo{g ow welZc{bg Liw{lx{lil|{pemx Nc{|f;8??" elbg mi Pmijoxc{l" miIc~lfkl{ ;8??) Pel zopplbl`wlg op oi liw{lx{lil|{|igl{ wel ojl cn 0< zecplliw{lx{lil|{mob oèml~lfliwoig cffmwfliw wc pc`mlw}foalp el{ o {cbl&fcglb nc{liw{lx{lil|{pemx weow `{lowlpzlobwe oig pc`mob d|pwm`l)

[ojp;[mèlp" nc|iglg mi;88:" `{lowlp l`c&lwemòb nopemcioig ecfl o``lppc{mlp c|w cn {l`}`blg p`{ox `bcwe" c{joim`fowl{mobp" oig migmjlic|pnok{m`p" k} zc{amij zmwe zcflibm~mij ilo{ Xo}owop ‐ cil cn welXembmxxmilp* kmjjlpw {|kkmpeg|fx pmwlp)

[llpl Nl{ioiglt&[|mt zopwloèmij embg{li zeli pelgmp`c~l{lg weow zcfli ow welg|fx pmwl zl{l pò~lijmij welzopwl wc nmig oig {l`}`bl p`{oxxml`lp cn nok{m` pc weow wel}`c|bg xo{wm`mxowl mi eoigm`{onw

x{cg|`wmci bmal {|j oig {oj&zlo~mij" zembl woamij o{l cn welm{ embg{li ow ecfl) Oiminc{fob cwwojl mig|pw{} cn {|j&zlo~l{p eog gl~lbcxlg k|w"c~l{ wmfl" o pl{mlp cn fmggblfli eog fc~lg mi wcwoal ciw{cb cn kcwe wel p|xxb}cn p`{ox nok{m` oig wel zcfli*po``lpp wc wel fo{alw) Wemp`{lowlg oi |inom{ ~ob|l eomi nc{wel zcfli zec" ow wel lig cn wel go}" lo{ilg cib} xliimlp xl{nmimpelg x{cg|`w)

[ojp;[mèlp Mi`) zop {lowlgwc x{c~mgl welpl zcfli zmwenom{ o``lpp wc wel fo{alw oig welnc{fob l`cicf}" op zlbb op zmweoggmwmciob pambbp&koplg"nmioi`mob" oig elobwe w{omimij" pcweow wel} oi foumfmtl welm{ò{ll{ xcwliwmob oig woal pwlxpwczo{gp bcij&wl{f nmioi`mob oigxl{pciob zlbb&klmij) Mwmiwlj{owlg o glpmji pcb|wmci k}xo{wil{mij zmwe zlbb&aiczibcòb nopemci glpmjil{p" bmal [odcBo|{lb" Ofmio O{oiot&Ob|ioi"

oig Cbm~l{ Wcbliwmic" wwelpl {ojp miwc nccw {|jpcn pfobb x|{plp oig kojp" emjel{&lig glpmjil{eoigkojp)

Nl{ioiglt&[|mt po}p weluxl`wp [ojp;[mèlp wc j{cn{cf zc{amij zmwe 7<8 zcwcgo} wc <"888 mi wel il }lo{p) ‒Mw*p icw okc|wwobliw c{ glwl{fmiowmcwcbgNopw @cfxoi}) ‒Xlcxbillg cxxc{w|imwmlp wc kwc jlw c|w cn xc~l{w})‖

[ojp wc {mèlp [llpl Nl{ioiglt&[|mt`c&nc|igl{ cn [ojp;[{l`lm~mij wel ]c|ijLiw{lx{lil|{ Ozo{gZc{bg Liw{lx{lil|{pNc{|f ;8??)



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Wel [lx|kbm` cn Ac{lo”p j{lli j{czwe xcbm`mlpzl{l nc{fobb} bo|ièlg ci O|j|pw ?<" ;885"zeli X{lpmgliw Bll F}|ij&koa gl`bo{lg miemp pxllè fo{amij wel >8we oiim~l{po{} cn wel nc|igmij cn wel `c|iw{}”p fcgl{i jc~&l{ifliw weow ‒bcz&ò{kci j{lli j{czwe‖pec|bg kl wel `c{l cn wel ilz gl~lbcxfliw~mpmci nc{ wel iluw >8 }lo{p) Mi wemp pxllè"X{lpmgliw Bll glnmilg ―j{lli j{czwe” op‒oèml~mij p|pwomiokbl j{czwe k} {lg|`mij

j{lliec|pl jop lfmppmci oig li~m{cifliwobxcbb|wmci)‖ Ecz zc|bg wemp kl xcppmkbl3 Eloipzl{lg wemp q|lpwmci k} po}mij" ‒J{llij{czwe mp o ilz gl~lbcxfliw xo{ogmjf weow`{lowlp ilz j{czwe lijmilp oig dckp zmwej{lli wlèicbcjmlp oig `bloi lil{jmlp)‖

Mi wel ncbbczmij cil oig o eobn }lo{p" weljc~l{ifliw plw |x wel mipwmw|wmciob n{ofl&zc{a wc mfxblfliw X{lpmgliw Bll”p gl`bo{o&wmci cn wel j{lli j{czwe pw{owlj}) Mw `cipmpwp cn nc|{ al} xmbbo{p4

Wel X{lpmgliwmob @cffmwwll ci J{lli J{czwe

Wemp mp oi og~mpc{} mipwmw|wmci nc{ wel x{lpm&gliw" `cipmpwmij cn ?7 fmimpwl{p oig 0> ox&xcmiwlg flfkl{p n{cf wel x{m~owl pl`wc{ zmwex{cnlppmciob koàj{c|igp {lbl~oiw wc j{llij{czwe" zemè mp `c&èom{lg k} wel x{mflfmimpwl{ oig oi oxxcmiwlg èom{foi) Mw pl{~lpop wel emjelpw bl~lb ~li|l nc{ miwl{&fmimpwl{&mob `cc{gmiowmci cn xcbm`mlp" op zlbb op nc{x|kbm`&x{m~owl pl`wc{ `cip|bwowmci ci wecplxcbm`mlp)

Wel J{lli J{czwe Pw{owlj} oig welNm~l&]lo{ XboiWel Pw{owlj}" x{lxo{lg k} wel X{lpmgliwmob@cffmwwll" li~mpojlp wel [lx|kbm` cn Ac{lo%el{lonwl{" Ac{lo- kl`cfmij cil cn wel wcxpl~li {oialg j{lli l`cicfmlp k} ;8;8 oigcil cn wel wcx nm~l k} ;8<8) Mw eop we{ll xo{wp4nm{pw" wc {lg|`l j{lliec|pl jop lfmppmcipzembl ogoxwmij wc `bmfowl èoijl1 pl`cig" wc`{lowl ilz j{czwe lijmilp n{cf j{lli wlè&icbcjmlp1 oig wem{g" wc mfx{c~l wel q|obmw} cn bmnl k} j{llimij bmnlpw}blp" zembl kl`cfmij oimiwl{iowmciob {cbl fcglb op o j{lli j{czwe`c|iw{})

Wel Pw{owlj} pec|bg pecz weow Ac{lo”pj{lli j{czwe mp migllg o ilz gl~lbcxfliwfcglb) Mw mp no{ k{cogl{ mi p`cxl weoi lil{j}c{ li~m{cifliwob xcbm`mlp" wec|je mw gclp icwjc no{ lic|je wc obpc ogg{lpp pc`mob xcbm`}jcobp)

lfmppmcip wo{jlw foiojlfliw p}pwlf" oig wxboiilg miw{cg|`wmci cn wel lfmppmcipw{ogmij p}pwlf mi ;8?<)

Wel N{oflzc{a O`w nc{ Bcz&@o{kciJ{lli J{czweWemp bljmpbowmci" lio`wlg mi Ox{mb ;wel jc~l{ifliw wc miwl{~lil mi wel fo{alwc{gl{ wc ogg{lpp fo{alw nomb|{lp mi x{cj{lli j{czwe) Ofcij cwel{ wemijp" mw fox{c~mpmcip nc{ wel lfmppmcip {mjewp}pwlf)

J{lli k|pmilpp kccfPmi`l wel nc{fob bo|ièmij cn j{lli j{czwxcbm`mlp mi Ac{lo mi ;885" wel{l eopj{lli k|pmilpp kccf) Obb fodc{ k|pmilj{c|xp eo~l fogl j{lli k|pmilpp o emje x{mc{mw} nc{ mi~lpwfliw mi welm{ pec{wwl{f xboip) Klwzlli ;885 oig ;8?8" w`cfkmilg wcwob cn p|è mi~lpwfliw k} wbo{jlpw k|pmilpp j{c|xp {l`c{glg oi oii|oj{czwe {owl cn :<, oig ofc|iwlg wc ?<)? wbmcizci %okc|w \P'?0ki-) Mi~lpwfliw `|plg ci ilz oig {lilzokbl lil{j}lq|mxfliw" emje&lnnm`mli`} lbl`w{m` lq|mj{lli o{p" oig bmfowl eoijl ogoxwowmc

Pfobb oig flgm|f&pmtl liwl{x{mplp"eo~l klli dcmimij mi wel j{lli {|pe) Nluofxbl" pcfl cn welf o{l ob{log} lfl{jmijop èofxmcip mi wel jbckob fo{alw nc{ oig `cfxciliwp nc{ pcbo{ oig zmig xczlp}pwlfp)

Wel Nm~l&]lo{ Xboi oppmjip ;, cn oii|obJGX wc j{lli mi~lpwfliw k} wel jc~l{ifliw ‐ gc|kbl wel bl~lb {l`cffliglg wc jc~l{i&fliwp k} \imwlg Iowmcip Li~m{cifliw X{c&j{offl %\ILX-)

Op X{lpmgliw Bll eop migmòwlg" wel al} wcp|pwomilg j{lli j{czwe zmbb kl o xl{~opm~l oig`ciwmi|mij x{c`lpp cn miic~owmci" mi kcwe welwlèicbcjmòb oig wel mipwmw|wmciob plipl) Wel{cbl cn wemp miic~owmci zmbb kl wc gl&bmia l`c&

icfm` j{czwe oig li~m{cifliwob glj{ogo&wmci" fcpw {|`mobb} k} pwmf|bowmij mi~lpwfliwmi wel gl&ò{kcimtowmci cn lil{jmlp" op zlbb opmi po~mij oig {l`}`bmij iow|{ob {lpc|{`lp)

Wel Iowmciob J{lliec|pl Jop Lfmppmcip[lg| wmci Wo{jlwJm~li wel c|iw{}”p emjeb} lil{j}&miwlipm~l mi&g|pw{mob pw{|`w|{l" zemè foalp mwp l`cicf} ~|bil{okbl wc miwl{iowmciob lil{j} `{mplp oigxcppmkbl ò{kci {lj&|bowmcip" wel fominc`|p cn j{lli miic&

~owmci mp ci `|wwmijgczi @C; lfmpp &mcip) Wel glwl{fmiowmci wc {lg|`l j{lliec|pljop lfmppmcip mp wel fodc{ g{m~l{ cn wel j{llimiic~owmci weow Ac{lo illgp)

Mi Ic~lfkl{ ;88=" onwl{ pl~l{ob fciwep cn iowmciob glkowl" wel jc~l{ifliw ogcxwlg oflgm|f&wl{f lfmppmcip {lg|`wmci wo{jlw cn 08," {lbowm~l wc ―k|pmilpp&op&|p|ob”" k} ;8;8) Welncbbczmij fciwe" ow @CX?<" mi @cxlieojli"X{lpmgliw Bll fogl wemp oi miwl{iowmciob xcbmw&mòb `cffmwfliw k} gl`bo{mij weow Ac{lo zc|bgx|{p|l wemp wo{jlw |imbowl{obb} oig ~cb|iwo{mb}"mi zeow el obblg wel ―fl&nm{pw” pxm{mw)

Wel `c|iw{}”p k|pmilpp `cff|imw} lu&x{lpplg o pw{cij ckdl`wmci wc wemp wo{jlw" `ci&pmgl{mij mw c~l{b} ofkmwmc|p oig nlo{mij mwpmfxo`w ci wel `cfxlwmwm~lilpp cn mig|pw{})Eczl~l{" wel X{lpmgliwmob @cffmwwll cipmg&l{lg oi ofkmwmc|p wo{jlw il`lppo{} mi c{gl{ wcpwmf|bowl o k{cog {oijl cn `bloi wlèicbcj}miic~owmci nc{ j{lowl{ lil{j} lnnm`mli`} o`{cppwel l`cicf}" op zlbb op nc{ wel glxbc}fliw cn {lilzokbl lil{jmlp)

Wel |imbowl{ob ogcxwmci cn wel lfmppmcip{lg|`wmci wo{jlw eop obbczlg Ac{lo wc kl`cfloi ―lo{b} fc~l{” nc{ j{lli j{czwe" zmwec|weo~mij wc zomw nc{ cwel{p wc gc wel pofl)

Wel jc~l{ifliw eop klli xbo}mij o `{mwm&òb {cbl mi w{mjjl{mij" no`mbmwowmij oig p|pwomi&mij wel j{lli miic~owmci x{c`lpp zmwe{lj|bowc{} oig p|xxc{wm~l flop|{lp" lpxl`mobb}mi {ljo{g wc {lplo{è oig gl~lbcxfliw oig`{lowmij wel mimwmob fo{alw) Ofcij flop|{lp klmij mfxblfliwlg wc o eml~l wel lfmppmcip{lg|`wmci wo{jlw o{l wel pc&òbblg pl`wc{ob

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G{) PCCJMB ]C\IJ mp o Ac{loi l`cicfmpw"zec eop klli pl{~mij op @eom{foi cn welX{lpmgliwmob @cffmwwll ci J{lli J{czwe pmi`lD|b} ;8?8) El mp obpc wel nc|igmij @eom{foi cn wel J{lli Mi~lpwfliw Ac{lo Nc{|f)

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Wel jc~l{ifliw mwplbn eop klli o blogmij mi& ~lpwc{ mi j{lli j{czwe" lpxl`mobb} mi j{lli mi&n{opw{|`w|{l) Wzc blogmij luofxblp o{l o fodc{`cipw{|`wmci x{cdl`w wc {lpwc{l nc|{ fodc{ {m~l{poig o x{cdl`w wc {lowl o iowmcizmgl ilwzc{a cn emje&pxllg {ombzo}p mi c{gl{ wc mig|`l o fcgobpemnw cn xlcxbl n{cf {cog wc wel {omb)

K} oi} flop|{l" j{lli j{czwe xcbm`mlp miAc{lo eo~l klli o p|``lpp) K|pmilpplp o{l o`&wm~lb} luxbc{mij cxxc{w|imwmlp mi j{lli j{czwe"oig bcòb jc~l{ifliwp o{l x|{p|mij ~mpmcip cn j{lli `cff|imwmlp) Wel{l mp liwe|pmopwm` p|x&xc{w nc{ j{lli bmnlpw}blp oig j{lli j{czweofcij wel x|kbm`)

Pl`{lwp cn j{lli j{czwe p|``lpp we|p no{ Wel p|``lpp cn Ac{lo”p j{lli j{czwe òi kloww{mk|wlg wc ow blopw we{ll no`wc{p" mi`b|gmijwel ~mpmcio{} blogl{pemx cn o xcbmwmòb blogl{nm{fb} `cffmwwlg wc o ilz j{lli j{czwepw{owlj}1 wel ―fl&nm{pw” oxx{coè wc ò{kcilfmppmcip {lg|`wmci oig li~m{cifliwob x{c&

wl`wmci1 oig oi lnnl`wm~l `cc{gmiowmci ofcijobb wel {lbl~oiw fmimpw{mlp)

Wel èobblijl icz mp wc p|pwomi x{cj{lppwczo{g wel {lobmtowmci cn wel lfmppmcip {lg|`&wmci wo{jlw oig li~m{cifliwob x{cwl`wmci jcobp)Wemp mp ic pfobb èobblijl" `cipmgl{mij mig|p&w{}”p `cipwoiw `ci`l{i zmwe mwp miwl{iowmciob`cfxlwmwm~lilpp oig wel xcbmwmòb |i`l{womiwmlp"zemè zmbb elmjewli op wel x{lpmgliwmob lbl`wmcicn Gl`lfkl{ ;8?; oxx{coèlp)

Wczo{gp o jbckob o{èmwl`w|{l nc{ j{lli j{czweCil cn wel ckdl`wm~lp cn Ac{lo”p j{lli j{czwexcbm`mlp mp wc x{cfcwl wel ogcxwmci cn o j{llij{czwe pw{owlj} mi obb c|iw{mlp" lpxl`mobb} welgl~lbcxmij cilp) O jbckob o{èmwl`w|{l nc{j{lli j{czwe zmbb lieoi`l wel lnnl`wm~lilpp cn iowmciob j{lli j{czwe xcbm`mlp" cnnl{ o nc|igo&wmci nc{ jbckob p|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw" oigno`mbmwowl miwl{iowmciob ccxl{owmci nc{ wel fmw&mjowmci cn bmfowl eoijl)

Wc wemp lig" wel jc~l{ifliw eop i|fkl{ cn miwl{iowmciob mimwmowm~b Mi ;885" oii|ob zc{a x{cj{offlp zlbo|ièlg wc elbx gl~lbcxmij `c|iw{mlp m|igl{woal j{lli j{czwe x{cdl`wp |igl{ wel Opmoi @bmfowl Xo{wil{pemx %LO@b Mi ;8?8" Ac{lo nc{fobb} o``lglg wcjoimtowmci nc{ L`cicfm` @ccxl{owmc ~lbcxf liw”p Gl~lbcxf liw Oppm@cffmwwll oig gl`bo{lg weow welzc|bg `ciwmi|l wc mi`{lopl mwp Cnnmcxfliw Oppmpwoi`l %CGO- `cffmwfli

nc`|p ci j{lli CGO" mi`b|gmij wel LO@wmowm~l" wc fllw wel bl~lb cn wel C{owmc cn CGO wc JIM k} ;8;8)b Mi D|il ;8?8" wel Jbckob J{lli J{czwpwmw|wl %JJJM- zop bo|ièlg op oi miwwemia woia wc og~mpl gl~lbcxmij `cwelm{ j{lli j{czwe xcbm`mlp" op zlbbwelf zmwe pxl`mnm` j{lli j{czwe x{cdJJJM mp {|i k} oi miwl{iowmciob kco{l`wc{p" oig g{ozp nmioi`mob {lpc|Ac{lo oig cwel{ og~oi`lg xo{wil{ c|iw{cn C`wckl{ ;8??" lbl~li `c|iw{mlp" mi`bgl~lbcxmij `c|iw{mlp" eo~l dcmilg JJJM il{ `c|iw{mlp) Mw obpc xo{wil{p zmweiowmciob c{joimtowmcip oig mipwmwb Mi ;88=" wel CL@G o``lxwlg Ac{lo”wc cig|`w o pw|g} cn wel j{lli j{czwe pwoig o wzc&}lo{ x{cdl`w zop klj|i) Zenmiob {lxc{w zop {lbloplg mi Fo} ;8?8"gl`bo{lg mwp miwliwmci wc x|pe wel j{pw{owlj} zmwe mwp flfkl{ `c|iw{mlpzmwe ici&flfkl{ `c|iw{mlp) Wel CL@ klj|i wc `cbbokc{owl ci j{lli j{czwe cwel{ miwl{iowmciob c{joimtowmcip wmcip p|è op \ILX oig wel Zc{bg Koia)zmbb `ciwmi|l wc zc{a `bcplb} zmwe opwmw|wmcip wc x{cfcwl jbckob j{lli jb Wel jc~l{ifliw mp x{lxo{mij wc bo|i e o Wlèicbcj} @liw{l" zemè zmbb x{cfcwl wmciob j{lli wlèicbcj} `ccxl{owmci mioig nc{ gl~lbcxmij c|iw{mlp" mi xo{wm

Obb welpl lnnc{wp zmbb `ciw{mkowmci cn o jbckob o{èmwl`w|{l nc{ jnc{ wel klilnmw cn obb `c|iw{mlp" oigwowl p|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw oigèoijl `ccxl{owmci) i

o{èmwl`w|{lnc{ j{lli j{czwe

Pcijgc Miwl{iowmciob K|pmilpp Gmpw{m`w p|pwomiokbl `mw} |{{liwb} |igl{ `cipw{| wmco`{lp ilo{ Mièlci" Wel [lx|kbm` cn Ac{lo) P|pwglpmji x{o`wm`lp o{l mi`c{xc{owmij wel bowpwoigo{gp oig wlèicbcjmlp weow {lg| l lil{j}`cip|fxwmci" mi`{lopl lil{j} lnnm`mli`}" |wmbmoig iow|{ob fowl{mobp" oig jlil{owl `bloi c{ {llbl`w{m`mw}) K} mwp `cfxblwmci gowl mi ;8zmbb eo~l fc{l weoi 78, cn mwp o{lo {lpl{~lg pxo`l" mi`b|gmij o xo{a cn ?88 o`{lp" ?> fmblpboilp" i|fl{c|p èo{jmij pwowmcip nc{ lbl`w{moig o zopwl `cbbl`wmci p}pwlf weow lbmfmionc{ jo{kojl w{| ap)

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Wel fcpw mfxc{woiw miic~owmci mi wel xopwglògl {lbowlg wc zlobwe `{lowmci oig gl~lbcx&fliw eop klli wel j{czwe cn wel fckmbl xecilmig|pw{}) Wel{l o{l <)0 kmbbmci fckmbl p|k&p`{mkl{p zc{bgzmgl ‐ }lw" o``c{gmij wcJ{lli Xczl{ Nc{ Fckmbl4 @eo{jmij @ecm`lp k} wel JPFOGl~lbcxfliw N|ig" ilo{b} <88 fmbbmci cn welplncbap gc icw eo~l o floip cn eo{jmij o fckmblxecil)

Zembl wel pwowmpwm`p o{l gl~opwowmij oig

pwojjl{mij" M klbml~l weow wemp oig cwel{ lil{j}èobblijlp o{l wel zlobwe cxxc{w|imwmlp cn c|{bmnlwmfl) M òbb wemp ―mfxo`w mi~lpwmij”) Wemp mpmi~lpwmij weow mp pc`mobb} {lpxcipmkbl oig gl&bm~l{p cfxlbbmij nmioi`mob {lw|{ip)

K} bl~l{ojmij wel luxbcpm~l j{czwe w{odl`&wc{} cn fckmbl cff|imòwmcip" zl oi {lowlliwm{l mig|pw{mlp weow pcb~l `{mwmòb mpp|lp oig`{lowl e|ig{lgp cn kmbbmcip" mn icw w{mbbmcip" mifo{alw ~ob|l)

C|{ boà cn èo{jmij pwowmcip òi oèo{jl o ilz fo{alw zemè zmbb oèml~l pmjimnmòiw jcobp4?) Foal oi mfxo`w k} pcb~mij o x{lppmij blf cn c|{ wmfl1;) Jlil{owl `cfxlbbmij {lw|{ip nc{ mi~lpw 0) Jlil{owl j{czwe nc{ l`cicfmlp1 oig7) Jlil{owl x{cpxl{mw} nc{ gl~lbcxlg oi ~lbcxmij iowmcip)

Pc" blw”p bcca ow wel pmfxbl" }lw

x{ckblf cn `lbb xecilp zmwe ic xbo`l wc mi) Mw eop o`w|obb} x|pelg liw{lx{linmig pcb|wmcip" oig wc nmig ilz k|pmilxc{w|imwmlp) Nc{ luofxbl" mi d|pw we }lo{p" ilz pcbo{&xczl{lg `lbb xecilp el~cb~lg nc{ mfxc~l{mpelg xbo`lp bmal Ofl{mò" wel @o{mkkloi" oig wel Pc|wezel{l wel{l mp ic j{mg oig ic xb|j) Oig b }lo{" zm{lblpp fckmbl xecil o{{ml{" cgmiw{cg|`lg o pcbo{&xczl{lg fckmbl eoi

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Pcbo{ ~mpmcio{}Dmjo{ Peoe pllppfobb pcb|wmcip wc kmj x{ckblfp)

DMJO[ PEOE mp wel @LC cn wel @o{kci Zo{ [ccf"oig wel nc|igl{ cn P|iLgmpci) El mp o p|``lppn|b`bloi wlè liw{lx{lil|{ zec mp blogmij wel @o{kciZo{ [ccf”p `{|pogl mi foamij jmjowci po~mijp miò{kci" zembl ow wel pofl wmfl {lowmij zlobwe" dckpoig j{czwe) Wel @o{kci Zo{ [ccf eo{ilpplp welxczl{ cn liw{lx{lil|{p wc mfxblfliw fo{alw&g{m~lipcb|wmcip wc `bmfowl èoijl) Wel Zo{ [ccf”p |imq|loxx{coè nc`|plp ci k{mijmij wcjlwel{ p|``lppn|bliw{lx{lil|{p" k|pmilpp blogl{p" xcbm`} luxl{wp"{lplo{èl{p" oig wec|jew blogl{p wc nc`|p cifo{alw&g{m~li pcb|wmcip)

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nc{ Migmo" zel{l o wem{g cn wel xcx|bowmci gclpicw eo~l o``lpp wc wel xczl{ j{mg)

Mn zl wemia okc|w welpl kmj x{ckblfp" welpcb|wmci mp icw o pmb~l{ k|bblw) Nc{ luofxbl"`lbb xecilp pcb|wmcip o{l cnwli i|fl{c|p oigpfobb mi pòbl" p|è op pcbo{ xecilp" pcbo{èo{jl{p" zmig&|x èo{jl{p" kopl pwowmcièo{jmij c{ ~mbbojl èoijmij pwowmcip) Welploipzl{p o{l obb x{o`wmòb luofxblp cn fmimo&w|{mtmij xczl{ pc|{`lp ‐ o w{lig weow pwo{wlg

koà mi wel ?=:8p) Wemp fmimow|{mtowmci w{ligeop o``lbl{owlg mi cwel{ o{lop" p|è op `bloizowl{" w{oipxc{wowmci" oig oj{m`|bw|{l)

Zmwe {ljo{g wc xczl{ pc|{`lp nc{ lbl`w{m`&mw}" wel oipzl{p eo~l kl`cfl fmimow|{mtlg k}woxxmij pc|{`lp" bmal pcbo{ oig zmig ‐ cnn&j{mg)

M nc|ig wemp c|w nm{pw eoig ow P|iLgmpci" o`cfxoi} M nc|iglg mi Klbwp~mbbl" Fo{}boig"\PO" mi ;880) P|iLgmpci lfxbc}lg o k|pmilpppcb|wmci" o xczl{ x|{èopl oj{llfliw %XXO-1

wc plbb pcbo{ xczl{ wc k|pmilpplp op o pl{~m`l"icw wc plbb o xczl{ xboiw) Mi gcmij pc" mw foglmw plipl nc{ blogmij \P {lwombl{p bmal Zobfo{w"Pwoxblp" Aceb”p" Zecbl Nccgp" oig cwel{p" wceo~l oi lil{j} pc|{`l {mjew ci welm{ {ccnwcxp)

Zmwe P|iLgmpci mipwobbmij" czimij oigcxl{owmij wel pcbo{ xczl{ xboiwp ci {ccnwcxp"`|pwcfl{p pmji xczl{ x|{èopl oj{llfliwpbcàmij mi lbl`w{m`mw} x{m`lp nc{ op bcij op ;8 }lo{p)

Wemp eop `{lowlg oi onnc{gokbl zo} nc{`|pwcfl{p wc |pl %~l{}- bcòbb} jlil{owlg"`bloi" fmimow|{mtlg xczl{ %`cfxo{lg wc welj{mg- nc{ welm{ k|pmilpplp) Wel} {lxbo`lg xloalil{j} glbm~l{lg n{cf wel j{mg zmwe xcmiw&cn&|pl pcbo{ lil{j}) Mw fogl {lob wel welc{}weow Ofc{} Bc~mip" @eom{foi oig @emln P`m&liwmpw cn wel [cà} Fc|iwomi Mipwmw|wl" gl&xm`wlg mi emp kcca"Pfobb Mp X{cnmwokbl ) Wel kcca |i`c~l{lg x{cxl{ o``c|iwmij nc{ wel

l`cicfm` klilnmwp cn ‒gmpw{mk|ww{obmtlg- lbl`w{mòb {lpc|{`lp) Xoo~cmgmij pc`mob `cpwp) O {l`liw òpwel pc`mob `cpw zl d|pw zmwilpplwp|iofm mi Doxoi" zemè blg wc wel cn o i|`blo{ {lo`wc{)

Klnc{l zl owwlfxw wc mi~liw iicbcjmlp" zl illg wc |ibcà k|pmilpp wmcip weow zmbb glxbc} gmpw{pcb|wmcip ‐ op zl nc|ig zmwe wel XXO

weow |iblopelg o f|bwm&kmbbmci gcbPc" ―Dck Cil” mp wc foal k|pmilp

cn lumpwmij wlèicbcjmlp weow o{lxbc}lg) Wemp mp zeow zl gmg zmwemp wel cxxc{w|imw} weow ^cgoncil{lobmtl zmwe wel j{czwe cn jbckob `

Oicwel{ luofxbl mp ecz" ow welZo{ [ccf" zl eo~l d|pw elbxlg c{joimf|bwm&kmbbmci gcbbo{ fo{alw zmwfliw fcil}) Zl eo~l bo|ièlg o ilz `ci&pc{wm|f weow zmbb |ibcà kmbbmcipmi~lpwfliw mi {lilzokbl lil{j} oig lillnnm`mli`} wlèicbcjmlp nc{ \imwlg P

fl{`mob {lob lpwowl) Zmwe wel `cip@o{kci Zo{ [ccf mp glxbc}mij pmfx ~lbcxlg wlèicbcjmlp weow zl{l icw kxbc}lg wc mfx{c~l lnnm`mli`} cn k|m

Wel `cipc{wm|f {lbloplg mi`liwmbowmci weow zop pmwwmij gc{foiwOpplpplg @bloi Lil{j} %XO@L- bljmokblp x{cxl{w} czil{p wc o``lxw o ~wou opplppfliw op o floip cn {lxo}n{ciw nmioi`mij cn lil{j} lnnm`mli`}ilzokbl lil{j} mfx{c~lfliwp)

Wel k|pmilpp `cipc{wm|f" weowBcàellg Fo{wmi oig Ko{`bo}p Koia"mi~lpw op f|è op \P'><8 fmbbmci ciluw nlz }lo{p wc `|w wel lil{j} `cip|fxcn cbgl{ k|mbgmijp mi Fmofm" NbPo`{ofliwc" @obmnc{imo) Welpl `j{offlp obcil c|bg pwmf|bowl \P';)0ki o`{lowl fc{l weoi ?:"888 dckp)

O al} xcmiw mp weow wel mfxblmi k|mbgmijp" cil&ow&o&wmfl ‐ o pcb|wmci)

Wel oipzl{p o{l el{l) Wel oipzl{we{c|je fmimow|{mtowmci) N{cxecil weow mp pcbo{&xczl{lg" wc wweow mp pcbo{&xczl{lg)

Zl o{l ow wel we{lpecbg cn wel imig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci we{c|je weglxbc}fliwp ‐ nm{pw" |pmij c|{ lumpicbcjmlp) Zembl wel{l mp ic fojm` pcfllwmij c|{ lil{j} glfoig k} |pmij `blon|lbp" zl òi zmi mw o wec|poig `|wp o

Nm~l e|ig{lg fmbbmci `lbb xecizmwe ic xbo`l wc xb|j mi mp d|pw cil bmci gcbbo{ cxxc{w|imw} mi wel ―w{mob L`cicf}”)i



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Foamij

Oilzl cicfm`Mi o wzc&xo{w al}icwl"Dl{lf} [mnami cxlwel gcc{ wc o xcpw&ò{kci n|w|{l" zemAoigle A) ]|falbbo oig Fc{joi Kotmbluxbc{l wel eobblijlp cn mi`b|pm~mwio{{owm



FoamijMw ;7

C|{ mig|pw{mob m~mbmtowmci mp ow o {cpp{cogp) Cmb oigwel cwel{ ncppmb n|lb lil{jmlp weow foal |x wel mig|p&w{mob zo} cn bmnl o{l gzmigbmij" oig wel wlèicbcjmlpfogl n{cf oig x{cxlbblg k} welpl lil{jmlp o{l oiwm&q|owlg) Wel liwm{l mig|pw{mob min{opw{|`w|{l k|mbw cincppmb n|lbp mp ojmij oig mi gmp{lxom{) Wel {lp|bw mp weow|ilfxbc}fliw mp {mpmij wc goijl{c|p bl~lbp obb c~l{wel zc{bg) Jc~l{ifliwp" k|pmilpplp oig `cip|fl{po{l ozope mi glkw" oig bm~mij pwoigo{gp o{l xb|f&flwmij l~l{}zel{l) O {l`c{g cil kmbbmci e|foi

klmijp ‐ ilo{b} cil pl~liwe cn wel e|foi {o`l ‐ no`le|ijl{ oig pwo{~owmci)Zc{pl" `bmfowl èoijl n{cf ncppmb n|lb&koplg

mig|pw{mob o`wm~mw} bccfp ci wel ec{mtci) C|{ p`mli&wmpwp zo{i weow zl no`l o xcwliwmobb} òwo`b}pfm`èoijl mi wel wlfxl{ow|{l oig èlfmpw{} cn welxboilw" zemè we{lowlip wc glpwokmbmtl l`cp}pwlfpo{c|ig wel zc{bg) Zl fo} kl ci wel k{mia cn o foppluwmi`wmci cn xboiw oig oimfob bmnl k} wel lig cn wel`liw|{}" mfxl{mbbmij c|{ czi pxl`mlp” okmbmw} wc

p|{~m~l) Mw mp kl`cfmij mi`{lopmijb} blo{ weow zl illgo ilz l`cicfm` io{{owm~l weow oi woal |p miwc o fc{llq|mwokbl oig p|pwomiokbl n|w|{l)

O ilz ci~l{jli`l cn cff|imòwmci oiglil{j}K} wel ?=58p" wel l~mgli`l zop fc|iwmij weow welncppmb n|lb&g{m~li mig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci zop xloamijoig weow e|foi&mig|`lg `bmfowl èoijl zop nc{`mijo xboilwo{} {mpmp cn |iwcbg x{cxc{wmcip) Nc{ wel xopw 08 }lo{p" M eo~l klli plo{ emij nc{ o ilz xo{ogmjfweow c|bg |pel{ mi o xcpw&ò{kci l{o) M ofl wc {lob&mtl weow wel j{low l`cicfm` {l~cb|wmcip mi empwc{}c``|{ zeli ilz `cff|imòwmci wlèicbcjmlp`ci~l{jl zmwe ilz lil{j} p}pwlfp) Ilz lil{j}{ljmflp foal xcppmkbl wel {lowmci cn fc{l miwl{gl&xligliw l`cicfm` o`wm~mw} oig luxoiglg`cffl{`mob luèoijl" op zlbb op no`mbmwowmij fc{lglipl oig mi`b|pm~l pc`mob {lbowmcipemxp) Wel o``cf&xoi}mij `cff|imòwmci {l~cb|wmcip kl`cfl welfloip wc c{joimtl oig foiojl wel ilz wlfxc{ob oigpxowmob g}iofm`p weow o{mpl n{cf ilz lil{j} p}pwlfp)

Mi wel ?=we `liw|{}" pwlof&xczl{lg x{miw wlèicb&cj} klòfl wel cff|imòwmci flgm|f wc foiojlwel `cob&nm{lg {omb min{opw{|`w|{l oig wel mi`mxmliw

iowmciob fo{alwp cn wel Nm{pw Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci)Mi wel ;8we liw|{}" lbl`w{cim` cff|imòwmcip ‐ welwlblxecil oig bowl{" {ogmc oig wlbl~mpmci ‐ klòfl wel`cff|imòwmci flgm|f wc foiojl oig fo{alw welcmb&xczl{lg o|wc ojl oig wel fopp `cip|fl{ `|bw|{lcn wel Pl`cig Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci)

Oi ‒lil{j} Miwl{ilw‖Mi wel fmg&?==8p" mw gozilg ci fl weow o ilz ci~l{&jli`l cn `cff|imòwmci oig lil{j} zop mi wel

Welwem{gmig|pw{mob{l~cb|wmci

Miwl{ilw wlèicbcj} oig {lilzokbl lil{jmlpo{l fl{jmij wc {lowl o xczl{n|b ilzmin{opw{|`w|{l)Dl{lf} [mnami luxbomip ecz welnm~l xmbbo{p cn o wem{g lil{j}&`cff|imòwmcip{l~cb|wmci zmbb {lowl wel nc|igowmcip nc{ weliluw j{low zo~l cn l`cicfm` j{czwe)



Foamij

cnnmij) Miwl{ilw wlèicbcj} oig {lilzokbl lil{jmlpzl{l okc|w wc fl{jl wc `{lowl o xczl{n|b ilz min{o&pw{|`w|{l nc{ o Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci weowzc|bg èoijl wel zc{bg) Mi wel `cfmij l{o"e|ig{lgp cn fmbbmcip cn xlcxbl zmbb x{cg|`l welm{czi j{lli lil{j} mi welm{ ecflp" cnnm`lp" oig no`wc&{mlp" oig peo{l mw zmwe loè cwel{ mi oi ‒lil{j}Miwl{ilw"‖ d|pw bmal zl icz `{lowl oig peo{l minc{fo&wmci cibmil) Wel glfc`{owmtowmci cn lil{j} zmbb k{mijzmwe mw o n|igofliwob {lc{gl{mij cn e|foi {lbowmci&pemxp" mfxo`wmij wel ~l{} zo} zl `cig|`w k|pmilpp"jc~l{i pc`mlw}" lg|òwl c|{ èmbg{li" oig lijojl mi`m~m` bmnl)

Mi ;88>" M kljoi zc{amij zmwe wel blogl{pemx cn wel L|{cxloi Xo{bmofliw mi g{onwmij o Wem{g Mig|p&w{mob [l~cb|wmci l`cicfm` gl~lbcxfliw xboi) Weli"mi Fo} ;88:" wel L|{cxloi Xo{bmofliw mpp|lg onc{fob z{mwwli gl`bo{owmci ligc{pmij wel Wem{gMig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci op wel bcij&wl{f l`cicfm` ~mpmci oig {cog fox nc{ wel L|{cxloi \imci %L\-)Wemp mp icz klmij mfxblfliwlg k} wel ~o{mc|p ojli&`mlp zmwemi wel L|{cxloi @cffmppmci" op zlbb op miwel flfkl{ pwowlp)

Wel nm~l xmbbo{pWel lpwokbmpefliw cn o Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmcimin{opw{|`w|{l zmbb `{lowl wec|poigp cn ilz k|pm&ilpplp oig fmbbmcip cn dckp" oig bo} wel kopmp nc{ op|pwomiokbl jbckob l`cicf} mi wel ;?pw `liw|{})Eczl~l{" blw fl ogg o ò|wmcio{} icwl) Bmal l~l{}cwel{ `cff|imòwmci oig lil{j} min{opw{|`w|{l miempwc{}" wel ~o{mc|p xmbbo{p cn o Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~c&b|wmci f|pw kl bomg gczi pmf|bwoilc|pb} c{ welnc|igowmci zmbb icw ecbg) Weow”p klò|pl loè xmbbo{òi cib} n|i`wmci mi {lbowmcipemx wc wel cwel{p) Wel

nm~l xmbbo{p cn wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [?- pemnwmij wc {lilzokbl lil{j}1;- w{oipnc{fmij wel k|mbgmij pwcà cn l~l{} `miwc fm`{c&xczl{ xboiwp wc `cbbl`w {lilzojmlp ci&pmwl1 0- glxbc}mij e}g{cjli oig cwel{ pwc{ojl wl`jmlp mi l~l{} k|mbgmij oig we{c|jecmin{opw{|`w|{l wc pwc{l miwl{fmwwliw lil{7- |pmij Miwl{ilw wlèicbcj} wc w{oipnc{f wj{mg cn l~l{} ciwmiliw miwc oi lil{j}&peo{mj{mg weow o`wp d|pw bmal wel Miwl{ilw %z k|mbgmijp o{l jlil{owmij o pfobb ofc|iw cn bcòbb}" ci&pmwl" wel} òi plbb p|{xb|p koàoig peo{l lbl`w{m`mw} zmwe welm{ `ciwm kc|{p-1 oig<- w{oipmwmcimij wel w{oipxc{w nbllw wcoig n|lb `lbb ~lem`blp weow òi k|} oig plbb lbci o pfo{w" ciwmiliwob" miwl{o`wm~l xczl

Miwlj{owl oig eo{fcimtlWel `{mwmòb illg wc miwlj{owl oig eo{fcinm~l xmbbo{p ow l~l{} bl~lb oig pwojl cn klòfl `blo{ wc wel L\ mi wel nobb cn ;8?8) L|{cxloi @cffmppmci gc`|fliw zo{ilg weow L\ zc|bg illg wc pxlig ₢?w{i klwzlli ;8?8 oi

;8;8 ci |xgowmij mwp lbl`w{m`mw} j{mg wc oi minb|u cn {lilzokbl lil{j}) Wel miwl{iob fliw icwlg weow ‒L|{cxl mp pwmbb bmin{opw{|`w|{l wc liokbl {lilzokblp wc gl~l`cfxlwl ci oi lq|ob nccwmij zmwe w{ogpc|{`lp)‖

Wel L\ mp luxl`wlg wc g{oz cil&wem{g cw{m`mw} n{cf j{lli pc|{`lp k} ;8;8) Wemp flwel xczl{ j{mg f|pw kl gmjmwmtlg oig fogl jliw wc eoigbl wel miwl{fmwwliw {lilzokbl lil

‒Wel j{low l`cicfm`{l~cb|wmcip mi empwc{} c` |{zeli ilz cff|imòwmciwlèicbcjmlp ci~l{jl zmweilz lil{j} p}pwlfp‖



FoamijMw ;>

klmij nlg wc wel j{mg n{cf wlip cn wec|poigp cn bcòb x{cg|`l{p cn lil{j})Cn `c|{pl" mw zmbb obpc kl lppliwmob wc q|màb}

gl~lbcx oig glxbc} e}g{cjli oig cwel{ pwc{ojl wlè&icbcjmlp o`{cpp wel L\”p min{opw{|`w|{l zeli welofc|iw cn miwl{fmwwliw {lilzokbl lil{j} lu`llgp?<, cn wel lbl`w{m`mw} jlil{owmci" c{ f|è cn weow lbl`&w{m`mw} zmbb kl bcpw) Pmfmbo{b}" mw mp mfxc{woiw wc mi`li&wm~mtl wel `cipw{|`wmci oig {lob lpwowl pl`wc{p zmwebcz&miwl{lpw j{lli bcoip oig fc{wjojlp wc li`c|{&ojl wel `ci~l{pmci cn fmbbmcip cn k|mbgmijp mi wel L\wc fmim xczl{ xboiwp weow òi eo{ilpp {lilzokbllil{jmlp ci&pmwl oig plig p|{xb|plp koà wc wel pfo{wj{mg) Oig |iblpp welpl cwel{ pwlxp o{l woali" wel L\zci”w kl okbl wc x{c~mgl lic|je j{lli lbl`w{m`mw} wcxczl{ fmbbmcip cn lbl`w{m` xb|j&mi oig e}g{cjli n|lb`lbb ~lem`blp klmij {logmlg nc{ wel fo{alw) Mn oi} cn wel nm~l xmbbo{p nobb klemig wel {lpw mi welm{ gl~lbcx&fliw" wel cwel{p zmbb kl pw}fmlg oig wel min{opw{|`&w|{l mwplbn zmbb kl `cfx{cfmplg)

O ilz l`cicfm` xo{ogmjfWel `{lowmci cn o {lilzokbl lil{j} {ljmfl" bcoglgk} k|mbgmijp" xo{wmobb} pwc{lg mi wel nc{f cn e}g{cjli"gmpw{mk|wlg ~mo pfo{w miwl{j{mgp" oig `ciil`wlg wc

xb|j&mi" tl{c&lfmppmci w{oipxc{w" cxlip wel gcc{ wc oWem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci) Wel liwm{l p}pwlf mpmiwl{o`wm~l" miwlj{owlg" oig plofblpp) Zeli welpl nm~lxmbbo{p `cfl wcjlwel{" wel} foal |x oi migm~mpmkblwlèicbcjmòb xbownc{f ‐ oi lfl{jliw p}pwlf zecplx{cxl{wmlp oig n|i`wmcip o{l q|obmwowm~lb} gmnnl{liwn{cf wel p|f cn mwp xo{wp) Mi cwel{ zc{gp" wel p}il{&jmlp klwzlli wel xmbbo{p `{lowl o ilz l`cicfm`xo{ogmjf weow òi w{oipnc{f wel zc{bg)

Wel `ci~liwmciob" `liw{obmtlg k|pmilpp cxl{owmcip

cn wel Nm{pw oig Pl`cig Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmcip zmbbmi`{lopmijb} kl p|kp|flg k} wel gmpw{mk|wlg k|pm&ilpp x{o`wm`lp cn wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci1 oigwel w{ogmwmciob" eml{o{èmòb c{joimtowmci cn l`cicfm` oig xcbmwmòb xczl{ zmbb jm~l zo} wc bowl{obxczl{ c{joimtlg icgobb} o`{cpp pc`mlw})

Ow nm{pw kb|pe" wel ~l{} icwmci cn bowl{ob xczl{pllfp pc `ciw{ogm`wc{} wc ecz zl eo~l luxl{mli`lgxczl{ {lbowmcip we{c|je f|è cn empwc{}) Xczl{" onwl{obb" eop w{ogmwmciobb} klli c{joimtlg x}{ofmgmòbb}n{cf wcx wc kcwwcf) Wcgo}" eczl~l{" wel `cbbokc{o&wm~l xczl{ |iblopelg k} wel `cfmij wcjlwel{ cn Miwl{ilw wlèicbcj} oig {lilzokbl lil{jmlp" n|igo&fliwobb} {lpw{|`w|{lp e|foi {lbowmcipemxp" n{cf wcxwc kcwwcf" n{cf pmgl wc pmgl" zmwe x{cnc|ig mfxbmò&wmcip nc{ wel n|w|{l cn pc`mlw})

Wel f|pm` mig|pw{} gmgi”w |igl{pwoig gmpw{mk|wlgxczl{ |iwmb fmbbmcip cn }c|ij xlcxbl kljoi peo{mijf|pm` cibmil" oig c{xc{owl {l~li|lp w|fkblg mi blppweoi o glògl) Li`}`bcxlgmo K{mwoiimò gmg icw oxx{l&`mowl wel gmpw{mk|wlg oig `cbbokc{owm~l xczl{ weowfogl Zmamxlgmo wel blogmij {lnl{li`l pc|{`l mi welzc{bg) Ic{ gmg wel ilzpxoxl{p woal pl{mc|pb} welgmpw{mk|wlg xczl{ cn wel ―kbcjcpxel{l”1 icz foi}x|kbmòwmcip o{l lmwel{ jcmij c|w cn k|pmilpp c{

w{oipnl{{mij f|è cn welm{ o`wm~mwmlp cibmil) Welmfxbmòwmcip cn xlcxbl peo{mij gmpw{mk|wlg lil{j} mioi cxli `cffcip o{l l~li fc{l no{&{loèmij)

Wel glfc`{owmtowmci cn lil{j}Wc oxx{l`mowl ecz gmp{|xwm~l wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob[l~cb|wmci mp wc wel lumpwmij zo} zl c{joimtll`cicfm` bmnl" `cipmgl{ wel x{cnc|ig èoijlp weoweo~l woali xbo`l mi d|pw wel xopw wzliw} }lo{p zmwe welmiw{cg|`wmci cn wel Miwl{ilw {l~cb|wmci) Wel glfc`&

‸

‒Wel `{lowmci cn o {lilzokbl lil{j} {ljmfl" bcoglg k} k|mbgmijp" xo{wmobb} pwc{lg mi wel nc{f cn e}g{cjli" gmpw{mk|wlg~mo pfo{w miwl{j{mgp" oig `ciil`wlg wc xb|j&mi" tl{c&lfmppmciw{oipxc{w" cxlip wel gcc{ wc o Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci‖



Foamij

{owmtowmci cn minc{fowmci oig `cff|imòwmci eopobwl{lg wel ~l{} iow|{l cn jbckob cffl{`l oig pc`mob{lbowmcip op pmjimnmòiwb} op wel x{miw {l~cb|wmci miwel lo{b} fcgl{i l{o) Icz" mfojmil wel mfxo`w weowwel glfc`{owmtowmci cn lil{j} o`{cpp obb cn pc`mlw} mpbmalb} wc eo~l zeli foiojlg k} Miwl{ilw wlèicbcj})

Wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci k|mbg&c|w mpxo{wm`|bo{b} {lbl~oiw nc{ wel xcc{l{ `c|iw{mlp mi welgl~lbcxmij zc{bg) Zl illg wc allx mi fmig weow 78,cn wel e|foi {o`l pwmbbp bm~lp ci wzc gcbbo{p o go} c{blpp" mi gm{l xc~l{w}" oig wel ~opw fodc{mw} eo~l ic lbl`&w{m`mw}) Zmwec|w o``lpp wc lbl`w{m`mw} wel} {lfomi‒xczl{blpp"‖ bmwl{obb} oig nmj|{owm~lb}) Wel pmijbl fcpwmfxc{woiw no`wc{ mi {ompmij e|ig{lgp cn fmbbmcip cn xlcxbl c|w cn xc~l{w} mp eo~mij {lbmokbl oig onnc{gokbl"j{lli lbl`w{m`mw}) Obb cwel{ l`cicfm` gl~lbcxfliw mpmfxcppmkbl mi mwp okpli`l) \im~l{pob o``lpp wc lbl`&w{m`mw} mp wel migmpxlipokbl pwo{wmij xcmiw nc{ mfx{c~&mij wel bm~lp cn wel xcc{lpw xcx|bowmcip cn wel zc{bg)

Klò|pl {lilzokbl lil{j} ‐ pcbo{" zmig" jlcwel{&fob" e}g{c oig kmcfopp ‐ mp zmglb} gmpw{mk|wlg" oWem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci mp mglobb} p|mwlg wc woalcnn mi wel gl~lbcxmij zc{bg) Obwec|je o boà cn min{o&pw{|`w|{l mp cnwli ~mlzlg op oi mfxlgmfliw wc gl~lb&cxfliw" zeow zl o{l nmigmij mp weow klò|pl foi}gl~lbcxmij iowmcip o{l icw poggblg zmwe oi ojmijlbl`w{mòb j{mg" wel} òi xcwliwmobb} ‒bloxn{cj‖ miwc oWem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci) Mi cwel{ zc{gp" k} k|mbgmij o ilz" gmpw{mk|wlg lbl`w{m`mw} p}pwlf n{cfp`{owè" {owel{ weoi `ciwmi|mij wc xowè |x oi cbgoig c|wzc{i j{mg" gl~lbcxmij `c|iw{mlp pmjimnmòiwb}{lg|`l wel wmfl oig luxlipl mi w{oipmwmcimij miwc oilz lil{j} l{o) Fc{lc~l{" klò|pl cn wel gmpw{mk|wlg

iow|{l cn wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmcw|{l" {mpa oi kl fc{l zmglb} gmnn|plg" zmwoig {ljmcip xccbmij {lpc|{`lp wc lpwokbmpe bilwzc{ap" oig weli `ciil`wmij zmwe cwel{ o`{cpp {ljmcip) Wemp mp wel ~l{} lppli`lxczl{)

Lil{j} {ljmflp peoxl wel iow|{l cn `m~mbmecz wel} o{l c{joimtlg" ecz wel n{|mwp cn `cfoig w{ogl o{l gmpw{mk|wlg" ecz xcbmwmòb`mplg" oig ecz pc`mob {lbowmcip o{l cig|`w;?pw liw|{}" wel bc`|p cn ciw{cb c~l{ lil{j} xwmci oig gmpw{mk|wmci mp jcmij wc wmbwn|lb&koplg liw{obmtlg lil{j} cfxoimlp wc fmcn pfobb x{cg|`l{p zec zmbb jlil{owl welm{lilzokbl lil{jmlp mi welm{ gzlbbmijp oigp|{xb|plp mi oi minc&lil{j} cffcip)

K|w mi c{gl{ wc no`mbmwowl wemp w{oil`lppo{} wc x{c~mgl o no~c|{okbl xbo}mij weow floip nmioi`mob omg" wlèicbcj} w{w{omimij x{cj{ofp wc oppmpw lfl{jmij `cZeow”p jcmij ci mi gl~lbcxmij iowmcip elempwc{m` w{oipnc{fowmci" op ec|plecbgp wel x{l&lbl`w{m`mw} l{o gm{l`wb} miwc ww{mob [l~cb|wmci ojl) Wemp x{c`lpp {lx{glfc`{owmtowmci cn lil{j} mi wel zc{bg”p`cff|imwmlp)

Wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci cnnlweow zl oi o{{m~l ow o p|pwomiokbl xcpw&fmg&`liw|{}) Zl eo~l wel p`mli`l" wel wlèioig wel jofl xboi wc foal mw eoxxli) Icz mwq|lpwmci cn zelwel{ zl zmbb {l`cjimtl wel l`cixcppmkmbmwmlp weow bml oelog oig f|pwlwel{l mi wmfl)i

DL[LF] [MNAMImp x{lpmgliw cn wel Nc|igowmci ci L`cicfm` W{ligp" oig wel o|wec{ cn fc{l weoi wzliw} klpwplbbmij kccap ci wel mfxo`w cn p`mliwmnm` oig wlèicbcjmòb eoijlpci wel l`cicf}" wel zc{anc{`l" pc`mlw}" oig wel li~m{cifliw) Emp fcpw {l`liw kccapmi`b|gl Wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci4 Ecz Bowl{ob Xczl{ Mp W{oipnc{fmij Lil{j}" wel L`cicf}" oig wel Zc{bg1 Wel Lfxowem` @m~mbmtowmci4 Wel [o`l wc Jbckob @cip`mc|pilpp Mi o Zc{bg Mi @{mpmp1 oig Wel E}g{cjli L`cicf}4 Wel @{lowmci cn wel Zc{bgzmgl Lil{j} Zlk oig wel [lgmpw{mk|wmci cn Xczl{ ci Lo{we) Dl{lf} [mnami eop klli oi og~mpc{ wc welL|{cxloi \imci nc{ wel xopw glògl oig mp wel x{mi`mxbl o{èmwl`w cn wel L|{cxloi \imci”pWem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci bcij&wl{f l`cicfm` p|pwomiokmbmw} xboi wc ogg{lpp wel w{mxblèobblijl cn wel jbckob l`cicfm` {mpmp" lil{j} pl`|{mw}" oig bmfowl eoijl)



FoamijMw ;5

Mi wemp mpp|l cn Foamij Mw " Dl{lf} [mnami `mwlp i|fl{&c|p miwl{o`wmij `{mplp op wel mfxlw|p nc{ o ilzl`cicfm` io{{owm~l" zemè el wl{fp wel ‒Wem{g Mig|p&w{mob [l~cb|wmci‖) El pllp wel pllgp cn wemp io{{owm~l miwel `cinb|li`l cn ‒ilz `cff|imòwmci wlèicbcjmlpQoigV ilz lil{j} p}pwlfp‖) Wel boklb" ‒Wem{g Mig|p&w{mob [l~cb|wmci‖" mp migllg oww{o`wm~l n{cf o i|fkl{ cn

xl{pxl`wm~lp) Mw elbxp wc nc{f mi wel fmig oi mfojl cn wel xcwliwmob w{oipnc{fowm~l xczl{ cn wel `cff|im&òwmci#lil{j} ilu|p) Cwel{p eo~l klj|i wc |pl mw wcc)Mi C`wckl{ ;8??" @e{mpwmoio Nmj|l{lp" wel Gm{l`wc{ cn wel \I N{oflzc{a @ci~liwmci ci @bmfowl @eoijl%\IN@@@-" |plg wel xe{opl wc elbx fcwm~owl wel k|pm&ilpp cff|imw} wc woal o`wmci ci bmfowl eoijl) Pelglp`{mklg mw mi wemp zo}4‒O bcz&ò{kci l`cicf} il`lppmwowlp o f|bwmno`lwlg

xo{ogmjf pemnw o`{cpp o k{cog pxl`w{|f" n{cf migm&

~mg|ob kleo~mc|{ wc iowmciob xcbm`mlp) K|w blw fl opp|{l }c| weow wel pemnw zmbb icw kl o bloi pw{omjew bmil) Zl o{l ko{lb} x|wwmij mi wel nc|igowmcip cn wel ilz l cicf})Zl o{l `cipw{|`wmij mw" oig obb `cipw{|`wmci pmwlp o{lflpp})‖

Wel Nm{pw Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci zop icw x{lflgm&wowlg op oi mi`b|pm~l" jbckob fc~lfliw weow zc|bg k{mij x{cpxl{mw} wc obb) Zembl mw k{c|jew |iwcbg wlè&icbcjmlp oig |imfojmilg {mèlp" mw obpc blnw mi mwp w{omboi |ieoxx} empwc{} cn milq|mw} oig luxbcmwowmci cn kcwe xlcxbl oig iow|{ob {lpc|{ lp) Wel og~oi lp cn welxopw liw|{} eo~l blg wc o zc{bg fc{l miwl{glxligliwweoi l~l{ mi wl{fp cn w{ogl" nmioi`l oig fc~lfliw cn bokc|{" }lw wel j{low |inom{ilpp {lfomip4 wel Nm{pw oigPl`cig Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmcip zl{l icw glpmjilg zmwewel xcc{ mi fmig) @blo{b}" wel{lnc{l" mi w{oipmwmcimijwc o ilz l`cicf}" koplg ci o {ogmòbb} gmnnl{liw lil{j}p}pwlf" zl eo~l wel |imq|l cxxc{w|imw} wc foal weliluw mig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci oi mi`b|pm~l cil)

P|pwomiokbl Lil{j} nc{ ObbBlw |p luofmil mi fc{l glwomb wel {mwmòb {cbl cn lil{j}mi wel iluw mig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci) Lil{j} xczl{pe|foi x{cj{lpp" n{cf dck jlil{owmci wc l`cicfm``cfxlwmwm~lilpp) N{cf pw{lijwelimij pl`|{mw} wc

lfxczl{mij zcfli" lil{j} mp wel j{low miwlj{owc{" mw`|wp o`{cpp obb pl`wc{p" oig bmlp ow wel elo{w cn obb `c|i&w{mlp” `c{l miwl{lpwp) Icz fc{l weoi l~l{" wel zc{bgillgp wc lip|{l weow wel klilnmwp cn fcgl{i lil{j} o{lo~ombokbl wc obb oig weow lil{j} mp x{c~mglg op `bloib}oig lnnm`mliwb} op xcppmkbl) Wemp mp o fowwl{ cn d|pwm`l"nm{pw oig nc{lfcpw" k|w mw mp obpc oi mpp|l cn |{jliw" x{o`&wmòb mfxc{woi`l ‐ oig wemp mp wel mfxlw|p nc{ wel \IPl`{lwo{}&Jlil{ob”p ilz P|pwomiokbl Lil{j} nc{ Obbmimwmowm~l)

mi`b|pm~lp|pwomiokbl

l`cicf}4

Fc{joi Kotmbmoi oigAoigle A) ]|falbbopll |imq|l cxxc{w |imwmlpo{mpmij n{cf wel {lowmcicn o {ogmòbb} gmnnl{liwlil{j} p}pwlf

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Foamij

Wel mimwmowm~l oi kl ~mlzlg op o nm{f cffmwfliw k} wel \I oig mwp xo{wil{p wc foal p|{l wel iluwmig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci mp xczl{lg nc{ wel xcc{" icw k}wel xcc{) Mw eop klli bo|ièlg mi o wmfl cn j{lowl`cicfm` |i`l{womiw}" j{low milq|mw}" emje |{koimto&wmci oig emje }c|we |ilfxbc}fliw) K|w mw mp obpc owmfl zeli wel{l mp nmiobb} oi lfl{jmij `ciplip|p ciwel illg wc o`w celpm~lb} wczo{gp jbckob mpp|lp p| e opp|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw) Zl o{l icw" eczl~l{" pwo{w&mij n{cf p`{owè) Ilz wlèicbcjmlp {oijmij n{cfmfx{c~lg xecwc~cbwom` lbbp" wc og~oi`lg flwl{mij" wclbl`w{m` ~lem`blp oig pfo{w j{mgp" jm~l |p o pw{cij nc|i&gowmci ci zemè wc k|mbg) Ecz zl òxw|{l welplcxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ zlobwe oig dck `{lowmci" nc{ lg|ò&wmci oig bcòb foi|no`w|{mij" zmbb kl wel al} wc|ibcàmij oi} {lob {l~cb|wmci)

We{ll bmialg ckdl`wm~lp |igl{xmi wel jcob cn oèml~&mij P|pwomiokbl Lil{j} nc{ Obb k} ;8084b Lip|{mij |im~l{pob o``lpp wc fcgl{i lil{j} pl{~m`lp ‐ o` lpp wc lbl`w{m`mw} oig wc fcgl{i n|lbp oig wl e&icbcjmlp nc{ ccamij" elowmij" oig x{cg|`wm~l |plp)b Gc|kbmij wel {owl cn mfx{c~lfliw mi lil{j} lnnm&`mli`} ‐ mi`{lopmij wel `|{{liw xo`l cn mfx{c~lfliwwc ;)<, xl{ }lo{" oèml~mij o 78, {lg|`wmci k} ;808"flop|{lg mi wl{fp cn jbckob lil{j} miwlipmw})b Gc|kbmij wel peo{l cn {lilzokbl lil{j} mi weljbckob lil{j} fmu ‐ mi`{lopmij wel `|{{liw {lilzokbllil{j} peo{l cn jbckob lil{j} `cip|fxwmci wc 08,)

Welpl we{ll ckdl`wm~lp o{l f|w|obb} {lminc{`mij)Mi`{lopmijb} onnc{gokbl {lilzokbl lil{j} wlèicbcjmlpo{l k{mijmij fcgl{i lil{j} pl{~m`lp wc xcc{ {|{ob`cff|imwmlp zel{l luwlipmci cn wel `ci~liwmcioblbl`w{m` xczl{ j{mg zc|bg kl x{cemkmwm~lb} luxlipm~loig mfx{o`wmòb) Fc{l lnnm`mliw gl~m`lp nc{ bmjewmij oigcwel{ oxxbmòwmcip {lq|m{l blpp lil{j}" oig we|p {lg| l

wel ofc|iw cn xczl{ illglg wc p|xxc{w weMi`{loplg lnnm`mli`} mi wel x{cg|`wmci oig |pw{m`mw} {lbml~lp pw{omilg xczl{ j{mgp" opw{lwè n|{wel{ oig {loè fc{l ec|plecbgp oig kilpplp)

Gclp wemp pc|ig no{&nlwèlg3 @cipmgl{ wwm~l4 |i`cipw{omilg luxoipmci cn wcgo}”p cncppmb n|lb&koplg lil{j} p}pwlfp" bcàmij mi omin{opw{| w|{l `cffmwfliw wc oi |ip|pwomiokbpmcip xowe nc{ wel zc{bg”p bmfowl)

Oi o`wmci ojligoWel \I Pl`{lwo{}&Jlil{ob eop nc{flg o emje&j{c|x wc glpmji oi o`wmci ojligo oig x{cfcfliw|f wc wel jcob cn x{c~mgmij P|pwomLil{j} nc{ Obb) Wemp zmbb {lq|m{l owob}tmo k{cog o{{o} cn pwoalecbgl{p wc elbx fllw ckdl`wm~lp k} ;808) Wel Pl`{lwo{}&Jlil{ob" mwc wel ;8?; \I @cinl{li`l ci P|pwomiokbl Gl~lbfliw %[mc!;8- x{c`lpp" glp`{mklg wel Mimncbbczp4‒Ow [mc!;8 zl zmbb opa obb pwoalecbgl{

jbckob `cffmwfliw wc oèml~mij P|pwomiokbnc{ Obb k} wel }lo{ ;808) [loèmij wemp jcob zo`wmci k} obb `c|iw{mlp oig obb pl`wc{p w

xcbm`} oig mi~lpwfliw gl`mpmcip illglg nc{ o lil{j} n|w|{l) Mig|pw{mobmtlg `c|iw{mlp f|pwowl wel w{oipmwmci wc bcz&lfmppmci wlèiccxmij c|iw{mlp" foi} cn welf j{czmij {oxmgb}bo{jl pòbl" eo~l wel cxxc{w|imw} wc bloxn{wmciob lil{j} cxwmcip oig fc~l gm{l`wb} wlil{j} obwl{iowm~lp weow zmbb lieoi`l l`cicpc`mob gl~lbcxfliw)‖

Wel o`wmci ojligo zmbb kl o ‒bm~mij gc`|flpwokbmpelp `blo{ o`wmcip oig `cffmwfliw

‒N{cf pw{lijwelimij pl |{mw} wclfxczl{mij zcfli" lil{j} mpwel j{low miwlj{owc{" mw |wp o`{cppobb pl`wc{p" oig bmlp ow wel elo{w cn obb `c|iw{mlp” `c{l miwl{lpwp‖



FoamijMw 08

wmfl weow zmbb g{ofowmòbb} pemnw |{{liw lil{j} xowe&zo}p ciwc ilz w{odl`wc{mlp weow zmbb4b lpwokbmpe nm{f xcbmwmòb `cffmwfliwb `{lowl pwokbl xcbm`} oig {lj|bowc{} n{oflzc{apb nmioi`l wel w{oipnc{fowmcib pw{lijweli bcòb òxo`mw} oig nc{jl jbckob xo{wil{&

pemxpb lip|{l o``c|iwokmbmw} oig w{oipxo{liw {lxc{wmijb pw{lijweli wel oiob}wmòb nc|igowmcib gmpplfmiowl minc{fowmci

Zmwemi wel \I p}pwlf zl o{l zc{amij `bcplb}we{c|je wel \I&Lil{j} flèoimpf" zemè mp ncpwl{&mij ilz xo{wil{pemxp oig klwwl{ cff|imòwmci" oigno`mbmwowmij lnnl`wm~l o`wmci ci wel j{c|ig) Zl zoiw wel\I wc k{mij wel lil{j} klilnmwp cn wel iluw mig|pw{mob{l~cb|wmci wc obb xo{wp cn wel jbckl)

J{lli l cicf} oig j{lli mig|pw{}Mi wel {|i&|x wc [mc!;8" wel{l mp j{czmij oj{llfliwweow mi o {lpc|{`l oig ò{kci&`cipw{omilg zc{bg oi}Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wmci pec|bg kl {ccwlg mi oj{lli l`cicf}) Eczl~l{" p|è o pemnw oiicw kl foglow wel luxlipl cn wel gl~lbcxfliwob x{mc{mwmlp cn gl~lb&

cxmij `c|iw{mlp" oig oi} glnmimwmci cn ―j{lli l`cicf}”zmbb illg wc x{c~mgl gm~l{pl cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ kcwel`cicfm` gl~lbcxfliw oig xc~l{w} obbl~mowmci)

Mi {lpxcipl wc welpl eobblijlp" \IMGC {lowlg mwp―J{lli Mig|pw{} Mimwmowm~l”" zemè omfp wc o``lbl{owl welj{lli j{czwe cn wel foi|no`w|{mij oig {lbowlg pl`wc{p)Mw x{c~mglp wel miwl{iowmciob cff|imw} oig iowmciobjc~l{ifliwp zmwe o xbownc{f wc ncpwl{ wel xcpmwm~l {cblcn mig|pw{} mi oèml~mij p|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw)―J{llimij” mig|pw{mob gl~lbcxfliw mp we|p oi miwlj{ob

‸

‒Oi} glnmimwmci cn ―j{llil`cicf}” zmbb illg wc x{c~mglgm~l{pl cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ kcwel`cicfm` gl~lbcxfliw oigxc~l{w} obbl~mowmci‖



Foamij

xmbbo{ cn wel ―j{lli l`cicf}” `ci`lxw" op mw x{c~mglp on{oflzc{a nc{ gl~lbcxmij `c|iw{mlp wc ―j{lli” welm{mig|pw{mobmtowmci x{c`lpp oig wc x{cfcwl k|pmilpplpweow x{c~mgl li~m{cifliwob jccgp oig pl{~m`lp) Oecbmpwm` n{ofmij cn wel jbckob lil{j} mpp|l mp {lq|m{lgwc |igl{xmi wemp zc{a)

Zembl welpl mpp|lp {lpciowl mi kcwe gl~lbcxlg oiggl~lbcxmij l`cicfmlp" wel mfxo`w ci wel Blopw Gl~lb&cxlg @c|iw{mlp mp o fowwl{ cn zemè zl o{l o`|wlb}ozo{l) L~li zmwemi welpl `c|iw{mlp" jccg x{l`lgliwpnc{ iowmciob o`wmci lumpw4 [zoigo oig Lwemcxmo o{lx{mfl luofxblp) Welpl c|iw{mlp o{l x|wwmij wcjlwel{pcxempwmòwlg iowmciob xboip wc ogg{lpp p|pwomiokmbmw}mpp|lp nc{ wel liwm{l l`cicf})

Nc{ o fcglb cn w{oipnc{fowm~l èoijl weow eop{loèlg l~l{} `c{il{ cn wel zc{bg" zl òi bcca wc welfckmbl xecil oig wel M@W pl`wc{) Wemp x{l`lgliw mpicz minb|li`mij wel xcppmkmbmwmlp nc{ pfo{w j{mgp" l~limi wel fcpw {lfcwl `c{il{p cn wel zc{bg) Mi wel n|w|{l"‒Pfo{w oig D|pw J{mgp‖ nc{ gl~lbcxmij `c|iw{mlp `c|bgx{c~mgl pmfmbo{ n|i`wmciobmw} wc pfo{w j{mgp mi mig|p&w{mobmtlg c|iw{mlp" l~li wec|je wel} o{l bmalb} wc ncbbcz

o gmnnl{liw xowezo} oig wmfln{ofl) Wemp zmbb {lq|m{lowwliwmci wc `cipw{omiwp" p|è op boà cn jccg jc~l{&ioi`l" bmfmwlg mi~lpwfliw òxmwob" bo{jlb} mioglq|owlmin{opw{|`w|{l oig boà cn zlbb&w{omilg xczl{ pl`wc{xl{pciilb) P| e mfxlgmfliwp o{l fcpw bmalb} pwmnbmijmiic~owm~l x{o`wm`lp weow `c|bg ob{log} kl c``|{{mijc{joimòbb} mi gl~lbcxmij c|iw{mlp) Nc{ wel iluw mig|p&w{mob {l~cb|wmci wc woal ecbg" welpl f|pw kl c~l{`cfl)

Wel foppm~l lbl`w{m`mw} min{opw{| w|{l {wc {loè |im~l{pob o``lpp cnnl{ o |imq|l cxxc{w|iblo{i n{cf wel ilu|p klwzlli M@W oig lil{j} p}pwoig fc~l nc{zo{g zmwec|w il`lppo{mb} {lxlowx{l~mc|p gl~lbcxfliw pwojlp)

Oi mfxc{woiw }lo{ Wel \I Jlil{ob Opplfkb} ioflg ;8?; op wel Miwl{iowmciob ]lo{ cn P|pwomiokbl Lil{j} nc{ Obb" wlil{j} ow wel elo{w cn wel f|bwmbowl{ob x{c`llic{fc|p cxxc{w|imw} wc peo{l fcglbp weow zc{pòbokbl" oig òi elbx nmbb joxp mi lumpwmijòxo`mw}) Mw mp obpc o èoi`l wc lip|{l weowfcfliw|f `|{{liwb} nc`|plg ci wemp o{lo mp fomwomilg)

Zl f|pw gc `cipmgl{okb} fc{l weoi p`{owèp|{no`l mn zl zoiw wc foal wel ilz mig|pw{mob|wmci oi mi`b|pm~l oig p|pwomiokbl cil) Wfloi `cffmwfliw n{cf foi} gmnnl{liw pwoalecbgl{p) Ci wel lil{j} pmgl" lfl{jmij xo{wil{pemxp"op wel Ic{zljmoi Lil{j}! oig wel \ILil{j}#Jbckob P|pwomiokbl Lbl`w{m`mw} X

cnnl{ `cig|mwp nc{ f|bwm&pwoalecbgl{ lijooig gmobcj|l" op zlbb op nc{ {lob o`wmci ci welFloizembl" [mc!;8 cnnl{p \I flfkl{ pwowlp oojli`mlp wel cxxc{w|imw} wc {ln{ofl wel ~l{} cn gl~lbcxfliw mi wel `ciwluw cn p|pwomiokmj{lli j{czwe" zmwe oi l}l ci jbckob `cffmwfliw kl}cig ;8?<) Wel Wem{g Mig|pw{mob [l~cb|wel{l) i

FC[JOI KOTMBMOI mp wel Pxl`mob Og~mpc{ wc welGm{l`wc{&Jlil{ob cn wel \imwlg Iowmcip Mig|pw{mobGl~lbcxfliw C{joimtowmci %\IMGC- ci miwl{iowmcioblil{j} oig bmfowl xcbm`}) Mi wemp {cbl" el elbxp peoxlwel \imwlg Iowmcip oxx{coè wc lil{j} nc{ gl~lbcxfliw) X{l~mc|pb}" el pl{~lg op Plimc{ Og~mpc{ ci lil{j} oig bmfowl eoijl wc wel M{mpe lil{j}fmimpwl{) El eop klli wel blog bmfowl eoijliljcwmowc{ nc{ wel L|{cxloi \imci ci bcz&ò{kciwlèicbcj}" oig o flfkl{ cn wel \IN@@@”p Luxl{wJ{c|x ci Wlèicbcj} W{oipnl{)

AOIGLE A) ]\FALBBO mp wel Gm{l`wc{&Jlil{ob cn \IMGC) El mp obpc @eom{ cn \I&Lil{j} oig @c&èom{ cn wel Emje&bl~lb J{c|xci P|pwomiokbl Lil{j} nc{ Obb" cipmpwmij cn 7> jbckob blogl{p mi k|pmilpp" nmioi`l"jc~l{ifliw oig m~mb pc`mlw}) X{l~mc|pb}" elpl{~lg op @eom{ cn wel \I Pl`{lwo{}&Jlil{ob”pOg~mpc{} J{c|x ci Lil{j} oig @bmfowl@eoijl) X{mc{ wc dcmimij \IMGC" el pl{~lgop Fmimpwl{ cn W{ogl" Mig|pw{} oig PwowlLiwl{x{mplp nc{ wel [lx|kbm` cn Pml{{o Blcil)



FoamijMw 0;

Cil cn wel kmjjlpw pc`mlwob èobblijlp no`mijwel L|{cxloi \imci %L\- mi welpl wmflp cn nmioi`mob oig l`cicfm` {mpmp mp ecz wc glbm~l{f|è illglg j{czwe oig dckp" zembl gcmijwel {mjew wemij k} wel xboilw) Wemp mp o èob&blijl weow k} ic floip mp mpcbowlg wc wel L\)Wel l`cicfm` oig li~m{cifliwob flèo&impfp o{l jbckobb} miwl{bmialg" oig zeoweoxxlip ci cil pmgl cn c|{ jbckl òi eo~lg{ofowm` `ciplq|li`lp ci wel cwel{ pmgl cn

wel xboilw)Oàiczblgjmij weow" wc o bo{jl glj{ll" zl

peo{l wel pofl èobblijlp" oig weow c|{o`wmcip eo~l oi mfxo`w ci cwel{ iowmcip" zlobpc eo~l oi cxxc{w|imw} wc blo{i n{cf loècwel{ oig `{lowl ilz jbckob fo{alwp) Welpfo{wl{ gl~lbcxfliw cn c|{ mig|pw{mlp oigwlèicbcjmlp mi L|{cxl zmbb foal |p klwwl{lq|mxxlg wc `cfkow wel x{lpp|{l ci{lpc|{`lp" oi ojlmij xcx|bowmci" `bmfowlèoijl" oig o we{lowlilg li~m{cifliw) K|w"nm{pw oig nc{lfcpw" plwwmij |x wel {mjew cigm&wmcip nc{ mi~lpwfliw mi x{cfmpmij pl`wc{p zmbb

ncpwl{ wel mfflgmowl {l`c~l{} n{cf wel {mpmp)Op @cffmppmcil{ nc{ Mig|pw{} oig Liw{l&

x{lil|{pemx" M of x{c|g wc pxlo{elog welfoamij cn oi l~li pw{cijl{ oig fc{l`cfxlwmwm~l L|{cxloi mig|pw{}) Wel @cffmp&pmci”p L|{cxl ;8;8 pw{owlj} plwp c|w o ~mpmci cn ecz zl òi w|{i wel L|{cxloi \imci miwc opfo{w" p|pwomiokbl" oig mi`b|pm~l l`cicf}"zmwe pw{cij j{czwe {owlp" glbm~l{mij lfxbc}&fliw" x{cg|`wm~mw}" oig pc`mob `celpmci)

Zmwe p|pwomiokbl j{czwe klmij cil cn welwe{ll x{mc{mwmlp cn L|{cxl ;8;8 " zl zoiw wcx{cfcwl o fc{l {lpc|{`l&lnnm`mliw" j{llil{"oig fc{l `cfxlwmwm~l l`cicf}) Mi gcmij pc"zl w{} wc allx c|{ elogp `blo{ zeli opplppmijwel mfxo`wp cn c|{ xcbm`} o`wmcip) Zl f|pwlip|{l weow j{lli mp `cfxowmkbl zmwe ‐ oiggclp icw `cfx{cfmpl ‐ j{czwe)

P|pwomiokbl mig|pw{} pec|bg icw klxl{`lm~lg op wel gcfomi cn `l{womi li~m{ci&fliwob mig|pw{mlp) Mw eop" ci wel `ciw{o{}"kl`cfl wel k|pmilpp cn obb k|pmilpplp) Welw{oipmwmci wc fc{l p|pwomiokbl floip cn x{cg|`wmci" c{ fc{l p|pwomiokbl x{cg|`wp oigpl{~m`lp" òi cnnl{ cxxc{w|imwmlp" k|w zl f|pwallx mi fmig weow mw {lq|m{lp o x{mc{ mi~lpw&fliw" zemè fo} icw kl onnc{gokbl mi welpec{w wl{f) Zl o{l wel{lnc{l pw{m~mij wc foal`blo{" cel{liw" oig zlbb&`ci`lm~lg mig|pw{mob"`bmfowl" lil{j}" oig {lbowlg xcbm`mlp weowx{cfcwl l`c&miic~owmci" zmwec|w blogmij wcmig|pw{mob c|wpc|{`mij oig wel bcpp cn dckpoig x{cpxl{mw}) Oig mw mp nc{ wemp {lopci weow"mi ;8??" zl bo|ièlg wel P|pwomiokbl Mig|pw{}Bcz @o{kci mimwmowm~l" zemè mp o x{o`wmòb"mig|pw{}&koplg mimwmowm~l ow L\ bl~lb nc{ ―w{ogm&

k} o glpm{l wc mi~lpw mi o j{llil{ xbowel} foal eoijlp wc welm{ k|pmilpp ci`lx kl` o| pl j{ ll i x{ cg |` wm ci eo p kl `cf ll`cicfmòbb} pc|ig)

Migllg" mig|pw{} mp o `c{l g{m~m klemig wel wl eimòb oig wl eicbcjmòb ~owmci {lq|m{lg nc{ j{lowl{ p|pwomiok{lpc|{`l lnnm`mli`}) Obwec|je l`c&miic~{lfomip |igl{&luxbcmwlg" x|kbm` oig xmi~lpwfliw mi wemp o{lo mi wel L\ eop|c|pb} mi`{loplg c~l{ wel bopw ?8&;8 }lo

Wel l`c&mig|pw{mlp pl`wc{ eop j{ kl `c fl o pl `wc{ lq |m~obliw %mi wl{lfxbc}fliw- wc èlfmòbp c{ lbl`w{mòbcxwmòb lq|mxfliw) Oii|ob lfxbc}flij{czwe mi wemp pl`wc{ klwzlli ?=== oigeop o~l{ojlg oxx{cumfowlb} ?58"888 dc

wmciob” foi|no`w|{mij mig|pw{mlp" omfmij wcpwmf|bowl miic~owmci wc {lg|`l wel ò{kcimiwlipmw} cn lil{j}&miwlipm~l foi|no`w|{mijx{c`lpplp)

P|pwomiokbl j{czwe oig {lpc|{`l lnnm`mli`}o{l cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ L\ mig|pw{}Nmigmij pcb|wmcip weow ilmwel{ `cfx{cfmplj{czwe ic{ wel `bmfowl oig li~m{cifliw mp ‐M f|pw ogfmw ‐ icw obzo}p oi lop} wopa) K|wobwec|je ow nm{pw wemp fl{jmij cn miwl{lpwpfmjew pllf bmal o fo{{mojl cn `ci~limli`l"zl cnwli pll weow foi} cn welf w|{i c|w wc kln{|mwn|b {lbowmcipemxp) Wel{l mp" mi no`w" oj{czmij wligli`} ofcij k|pmilpplp wcx{cg|`l mi fc{l {lpc|{`l&lnnm`mliw zo}p)Welpl k|pmilpplp o{l icw il`lppo{mb} g{m~li

Oiwcimc Wodoimluxbomipecz wel L|{cxloi \imcimp nmigmij pcb|wmcip weow

ilmwel{ `cfx{cfmpl

j{czwe ic{ wel `bmfowloig li~m{cifliw)

P|pwomiokmbmo bl~l{ nc{ l`cicfm`j{czwe



Foamij

}lo{" {lx{lpliwmij c~l{ :, oii|ob j{czwe" oigmi ;885 mw zop lpwmfowlg wc lfxbc} 0)7 fmbbmcixlcxbl o`{cpp wel L\)

N|{wel{fc{l" c|{ ;8;8 lil{j} jcobp òi{lp|bw mi ₢>8ki blpp mi cmb oig jop mfxc{wp" oigc~l{ ? fmbbmci ilz dckp mi wel nmlbg cn {lilz&okbl lil{j} oig lil{j} lnnm`mli`})

O al} g{m~l{ nc{ p|pwomiokbl mig|pw{} mp wel@cffmppmci”p x{cg|`w xcbm`}) Wel nm{pw imilflop|{lp |igl{ wel L`cglpmji oig Lil{j}Boklbbmij Gm{l`wm~lp o{l luxl`wlg wc {lg|`loii|ob lil{j} `cip|fxwmci k} pcfl 078 WZe k} ;8;8) Wemp mp lq|m~obliw wc ?;, cn wel wcwob lbl &w{m`mw} `cip|fxwmci mi wel L|{cxloi \imci c{wel liwm{l lbl`w{m`mw} cip|fxwmci cn Mwob} mi ;88:)

Zel{lop pcfl pl`wc{p zmbb fllw nlz ko{{m&l{p mi èoijmij wc o fc{l p|pwomiokbl x{cg|`&

wmci" cwel{p zmbb kl cin{ciwlg zmwefliw `cpwp mi ilz wlèicbcjmlp oig mwmci) Wemp mp lpxl`mobb} o x{ckblfflgm|f&pmtl liwl{x{mplp %PFLp- zwmfl" minc{fowmci" oig e|foi oig nm

{lpc|{`lp oig fmpp c|w ci wel cxxc{wcnnl{lg k} lnnm`mliw x{cg|`wp oig pwl{fp cn o {lg|`lg lil{j} kmbb oig j{lowlwm~lilpp) Mi Nlk{|o{} ;8??" wel @{l~mplg wel pc&òbblg ―Pfobb K|pmpemnwlg wel nc`|p wc elbxmij PFLpw{oipmwmci wc {lpc|{`l&lnnm`mliw

Wel n|w|{l cn L|{cxloi p|pwomiokbl mixcbm`}Oggmwmciob mi~lpwfliwp zmbb kl illxloi mig|pw{} mp wc fc~l n|{wel{ mi wmci cn {lpc|{`l lnnm`mli`}) Wel pwo ~o{} zmglb} mi gmnnl{liw L|{cxloi {ljmp ze} wel @cffmppmci mp p|xxc{wfliwp mi min{opw{|`w|{l" oig mp elbxmpwo{w l`cicfm` gl~lbcxfliw mi wel g{ljmcip)

Nmigmij ilz zo}p wc {lg|`l mix|foi|no`w|{mij mig|pw{}" wc mfx{c~l ffliw cn {lpc|{`l pwcàp" wc cxwmfmtlwmci x{c`lpplp" oig wc foal wel klpwzopwl" o{l d|pw pcfl luofxblp peczmmi`{lopmij {lpc|{`l lnnm`mli`} òi obl`cicfm` cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ `cfxoimzmbb elbx pwmf|bowl wlèicbcjmòb kccpw lfxbc}fliw mi wel nopw gl~lbcxmwlèicbcj} pl`wc{" oig cxli |x ilz fo{alw

Mw mp mfxc{woiw wc fl oig wc f}mi wel @cffmppmci wc kl cxli wc iloig wc `cipmgl{ ilz zo}p cn globmij zml`cicfm` oig li~m{cifliwob eobblijlp) Monwl{ obb" f} nm{pw oig nmilpw x{mo nbc|{mpemij oig ~mokbl L|{cxloi \i`cfxlwmwm~l pc`mlw} zemè blo~li~m{cifliw nc{ n|w|{l jlil{owmcip) i

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OIWCIMC WODOIM mp ^m`l&X{lpmgliw cn welL|{cxloi @cffmppmcioig @cffmppmcil{ nc{ Mig|pw{} oigLiw{lx{lil|{pemx)

Pellx j{otmij mi o pcbo{ xo{a mi Zojeol|plb"?; fmblp pc|welopw cn Ao{bp{|el" Jl{foi})



FoamijMw 07

O `c|iw{} zmwe pxl`wo`|bo{ fc|iwomip" wemànc{lpwp" oig o pec{w Og{mowm` `copwbmil"Pbc~limo zop obzo}p wel fcpw x{cpxl{c|p oigbmkl{ob c{il{ cn ]|jcpbo~mo) F|bwm&xo{w}

lbl`wmcip mi ?==8 zl{l ncbbczlg k} o{lnl{lig|f weow ècpl miglxligli`l" oigpmi`l jcmij mw obcil mi ?==?" wel `c|iw{} eopx{cpxl{lg) Mw fc~lg q|màb} n{cf o `liw{obb} xboiilg l`cicf} wc o fo{alw cil" oiglfk{o`lg n{ll w{ogl" foamij mw o fcglb cn l`cicfm` p|``lpp oig pwokmbmw} nc{ wel {ljmci)Pbc~limo dcmilg wel L|{cxloi \imci %L\- miFo} ;887" oig zop wel nm{pw cn wel ilz`cfl{pwc ogcxw wel l|{c |{{li`} mi ;88:)

Pbc~limo mp" k} o zmgl fo{jmi" wel {mèlpw `c|iw{} mi lopwl{i `liw{ob L|{cxl" zlbb oelogcn mwp Kobaoi ilmjekc|{p" oig l~li oelog cn Xc{w|job" zemè eop klli o flfkl{ cn wel L\pmi`l ?=5>) Wel emje bm~mij pwoigo{gp lidc}lgk} wel wzc fmbbmci&pw{cij xcx|bowmci o{lbo{jlb} o bljo`} cn wel xopw" zeli Pbc~limo zop]|jcpbo~mo”p w{ogmij o{f) Mi wel ?=:8p oig?=58p" o bo{jl i|fkl{ cn Pbc~limoifoi|no`w|{mij `ci`l{ip ckwomilg zlpwl{iwlèicbcj} we{c|je bm`lipmij oj{llfliwp"oig wemp liokblg welf wc kl`cfl

miwl{iowmciobb} `cfxlwmwm~l) Pmi`lmiglxligli`l" oig lpxl`mobb} pmi`l wel`c|iw{} dcmilg wel L\" w{ogmwmciob mig|pw{mlp"p|è op wluwmblp oig w{|à&foamij" eo~l

`ciw{o`wlg" k|w ow wel pofl wmfl" wel{l eop klli oi mi`{lopl mi bmjew foi|no`w|{mij oig emjel{ ~ob|l&ogglg pl`wc{p" p|è opxeo{fo`l|wmòbp oig lbl`w{mòb lijmill{mij)

Mig|pw{mlp zmwe pw{cij bmiap wc Zlpwl{iL|{cxloi l`cicfmlp" oig wecpl weow o{l

emjeb} luxc{w&c{mliwlg" eo~l xl{nc{flgpw{cijb}) Wel klpw luofxbl mp [l~ct" welPbc~limoi p|kpmgmo{} cn wel N{liè ò{foal{"[lio|bw" zemè nc{ foi} }lo{p eop klli welwcx Pbc~limoi luxc{wl{) X{cg|`wmci mi`{loplg

k} o{c|ig 78, klwzlli ?==5 oig ;88=)Glpxmwl wel nmioi`mob oig l`cicfm` {mpmp";88= zop o {l`c{g&k{loamij }lo{ nc{ wel [l~ctxboiw" zemè x{cg|`lg ;?;">58 ò{p" :, fc{lweoi mi wel x{l~mc|p }lo{) Pmi`l ;88:" [l~ct

eop klli wel nm{pw oig cib} [lio|bw xboiw wcfoi|no`w|{l wel Wzmijc fcglb) Wel xboiw"zemè mp bcòwlg mi wel wczi cn Ic~c Flpwc"78 fmblp pc|we&lopw cn wel òxmwob" Bd|kbdoio"zop ozo{glg wel fcpw li~m{cifliwobb}&ozo{l`cfxoi} x{mtl k} Pbc~limo*p Li~m{cifliwobGl~lbcxfliw N|ig mi ;880)

Oxo{w n{cf o{p oig o{ `cfxciliwp" cwel{mfxc{woiw pl`wc{p cn Pbc~limo”p pw{cij oiggm~l{pmnmlg foi|no`w|{mij kopl o{l gcflpwmòxxbmoi`lp oig cwel{ lbl`w{mòb mwlfp"xeo{fo`l|wmòbp" oig flwob&x{c`lppmij)Pl{~m`lp eo~l j{czi mi mfxc{woi`l pmi`lmiglxligli`l" {lnbl`wmij o k{cogl{ l`cicf}&zmgl pemnw ozo} n{cf w{ogmwmciob ―pfcalpwoà”mig|pw{mlp) Mi~lpwfliw mi min{opw{|`w|{l oigj{lowl{ q|obmw} mi wel wc|{mpf mig|pw{} eo~l blgwc elobwe} j{czwe mi wc|{mpf pl{~m`lp {l`lmxwp)

Foèmil{} oig èlfmòb x{cg|`wp o{lofcij Pbc~limo”p fomi luxc{wp" zmwe

Pbc~limo@C\IW[]NLOW\[L

Jl{foi} mwp fomi fo{alw) Mi ;8?8"foèmil{} oig w{oipxc{w lq|mxfliw {lx{lpliwlg 0=, cn wcwob luxc{wp"foi|no`w|{lp ;;," oig èlfmòbp ?>,)

Ow ecfl oig ok{cog" Pbc~limoi `cfxoimlp eo~l x{cg|`lg oig fo{alwlg p|``lppn|b oig emjeb} miic~owm~l x{cg|`wp) Nc{ luofxblLboi mp ofcij wel wcx foi|no`w|{l{p cn pamoig piczkco{gp1 Plozo} mp cil cn welzc{bg*p blogmij kcow gl~lbcxfliw `cfxoimlp1 Xmxmpw{lb mp o p|``lppn|b bmom{`{onw foi|no`w|{l{1 oig Jc{lidl mp ofoi|no`w|{l{ cn emje&q|obmw}" glpmji&c{mliwlg" gcflpwm` oxxbmoi`lp)

Ncbbczmij }lo{p cn |imiwl{{|xwlg j{czwwc o bo{jl luwliw n|lbblg k} o {oxmg mi`{lomi mi~lpwfliwp oig luxc{wp" Pbc~limo zopcil cn wel liw{ob L|{cxloi c|iw{mlp zc{pwonnl`wlg k} wel miwl{iowmciob l`cicfm` onmioi`mob {mpmp) Mi ;88=" wel c|iw{}”luxc{w&c{mliwlg l`cicf} zop emw eo{g"pe{miamij k} 5,) L`cicfm` j{czwe{lw|{ilg mi ;8?8" zmwe wel {l`c~l{} g{m~l k} oi |xw|{i mi glfoig" xo{wm`|bo{b} mi weL\ oig Kobaoi fo{alwp" k|w wemp pbczlgojomi mi ;8??)

P| `lppn|b oig miic~owm~



Foamij

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Miwl{~mlz zmwe Emp Lu`lbbli`}Goimbc Wò{a " X{lpmgliw cn wel [lx|kbm` cn Pbc~limo

Bccamij ow wel |{{liw jbckob pmw|owmci ‐ zmwewel nmioi`mob `{mpmp" `bmfowl `{mpmp" n|lb `{mpmp"nccg `{mpmp ‐ cil `c|bg xomiw o jbccf} xm`w|{l)Eop jbckobmtowmci nomblg |p3Nm{pw" jbckobmtowmci mp oi cbg x{c`lpp weow eop klli jcmij ci nc{ `liw|{mlp) Nc{ luofxbl" miwel ?=we `liw|{} ob{log} jbckobmtowmcix{cj{lpplg zmwe ~o{mc|p miic~owmcip" mi`b|g&mij wlbl`cff|imòwmcip oig luxoiglg io~m&jowmci) Wel pxl`mnm` nlow|{l cn wel `|{{liwxeopl cn jbckobmtowmci mp weow mw onnl`wp fc{lxlcxbl" mi fc{l xbo`lp" ow o f|è nopwl{ xo`lweoi mi oi} cwel{ xeopl cn jbckobmtowmci klnc{l)

Wemp mp" wc o bo{jl luwliw" g|l wc wel cxl{owmcipcn wcgo}”p jbckob fo{alwp nc{ jccgp oig pl{~&m`lp) Wcgo}" zl pec|bg opa c|{plb~lp zelwel{welpl fo{alwp o{l {lobb} x|w mi wel {mjewic{fowm~l n{oflzc{a3

Wemp mp wel pl`cig q|lpwmci" zemè mp ow wel`liw{l cn wel jbckobmtowmci glkowl icz) Op }c|aicz" wel{l eop klli o xl{mcg g|{mij wel xopw 08 }lo{p zeli gl{lj|bowmci zop wel x{mfo{}c{gl{ cn wel go}) [lj|bowmci zop plli op mimf&mòb wc fo{alw nc{`lp oig mw zop wel{lnc{l icwx{cfcwlg) M wemia welpl wmflp eo~l xopplg oigzl o{l liwl{mij miwc o xeopl zeli wel q|lpwmcicn {lj|bowmci eop wc kl x|w ci wel jbckob ojligooig cipmgl{lg ~l{} pl{mc|pb} ‐ oig mi no`w" wempmp ob{log} eoxxlimij) Mi ;88=" onwl{ wel nm{pwzo~l cn wel nmioi`mob `{mpmp" fo{alw {lj|bowmcioig jbckob l`cicfm` jc~l{ioi`l mpp|lp zl{l owwel `liw{l cn wel glkowl" oig eo~l pwo}lg wel{ll~l{ pmi`l) Mi wel nmlbgp cn nmioi`mob pl{~m`lp oigjbckob nmioi`mob {lj|bowmcip mi xo{wm`|bo{" wel{lmp o ~l{} pl{mc|p illg nc{ o ilz l{o cn pcxempwm&

òwlg {lj|bowmci" zemè pec|bg icw pg}iofmpf cn nmioi`l" k|w {owel{ x|w w`mob p}pwlf miwc o n{oflzc{a" zemè zmwp c{gl{b} n|i`wmcimij)@cfmij wc wel mfxo`w cn obb welpl mjbckob pemnwp" zeow òi kl gcil ow bl~lb wc fmwmjowl welpl {mplp3 Mp j{owmci o {lpxcipl wc `ciw{cbbmij wecn jbckobmtowmci3Wemp mp oi miwl{lpwmij q|lpwmci" xmw mp o {lob èobblijl iczogo}p wc gmp bcòb) Cn `c|{pl" xlcxbl bm~l oig k|w ~l{} cnwli welm{ bcòb o`wmci

f|è bo{jl{ p}pwlf) Nc{ luofxbl" mn }co no`wc{} mi Bd|kbdoio weow x{cg|`wm~l bmjew p}pwlfp" mw mp" ow wex{cg|`wmci p}pwlf oig xo{w cn o jbckcn o|wcfcwm~l foi|no`w|{mij) Pc" wfoi|no`w|{l{p illg wc cipmgl{ jbckob woig mpp|lp zeli wemiamij okc|w welbcjmpwmòb c{ foiojl{mob x{ckblfp)

Jbckobmtowmci eop {lobb} eoijlg wpwoigmij cn zeow mp bcòb oig zeowWel q|lpwmci cn zeow òi kl gcil ow wbl~lb wc fmwmjowl jbckob x{ckblfp òicw kl oipzl{lg lopmb}) Wel no`w eczl~l{" weow migm~mg|ob o`wmcipmij bcòbb} {owel{ weoi jbckobb}) Mlfmppmci cn j{lliec|pl joplp" nc{ luof|è òi kl gcil we{c|je {lj|bowmij oic{joimtmij bcòb w{onnm`" lpxl`m`mwmlp) El{l" cil oiicw luxl`w pxl`mnn{cf jbckob c{ l~li iowmciob {lj|bowccnwli" wel gl`mpm~l {lpxcipl `cflp n`mwmlp welfplb~lp) Wel} welf

G{ GOIMBC WÒ[A zop kc{i mi ?=<; mi Fo{mkc{"Pbc~limo) El pw|gmlg boz" oig ncbbczlg oi oòglfm`ò{ll{ ow wel No`|bw} cn Boz" \im~l{pmw} cn Bd|kbdoio"Pbc~limo) Onwl{ Pbc~limo”p gl`bo{owmci cn

miglxligli`l" G{ Wò{a wcca oi o`wm~l {cbl mi mwpgmxbcfowm` o`wm~mw}" oig mi ?==; el opp|flg welxcpmwmci cn Ofkoppogc{ cn wel [lx|kbm` cn Pbc~limowc wel \imwlg Iowmcip)

N{cf ;888 wc ;88<" el pl{~lg op \I OppmpwoiwPl`{lwo{}&Jlil{ob nc{ Xcbmwmòb Onnom{p) Mi ;88<" el{lw|{ilg wc Pbc~limo" kl`cfmij x{cnlppc{ cn miwl{iowmciob boz oig ~m`l gloi cn pw|gliw onnom{p owwel No`|bw} cn Boz cn wel \im~l{pmw} cn Bd|kbdoio)

El {oi op oi miglxligliw oigmgowl mi wel ;88:x{lpmgliwmob lbl`wmci oig" zmwe wel koàmij cn `liw{l&blnw xo{wmlp" zci >5, cn wel ~cwl" kl`cfmij wel wem{gx{lpmgliw cn Pbc~limo ci Gl`lfkl{ ;;" ;88:)



FoamijMw 0>

Pbc~limo@C\IW[]NLOW\[L

`ciw{mk|wl wc o bo{jl xo{w cn jbckob j{lli&ec|pl jop lfmppmcip" oig wel} welfplb~lp oièoijl weow) Pc" f|è oi kl gcil bcòbb}" k|w

cil illgp wc |pl mfojmiowmci oig pll ecz weownmwp miwc o bo{jl{ pèlfl cn wemijp)

Op no{ op wel L|{cxloi \imci %L\- mp`ci`l{ilg {ljo{gmij wel {ljmciob n{oflzc{anc{ Pbc~limo" zl oxx{l`mowl wel gl~lbcxfliw cn li~m{cifliwob pwoigo{gp mi wel L\) Wel} elbxiowmciob xcbm`}foal{p wc glpmji pw{m`wl{ oigfc{l pl{mc|pb} `ci`lm~lg pwoigo{gp weoizc|bg cwel{zmpl kl wel òpl) Wemp" `cfkmilgzmwe wel gm{l`wmci cn wel nmioi`mob {lpc|{`lp cn wel L\ wc {lbowlg bcòb min{opw{|`w|{l gl~lbcx&fliw" mp ~l{} elbxn|b migllg)

Oig ojomi" mi L|{cxl l~l{}wemij {ljmciob mp

obpc bcòb) Wc jm~l }c| oi luofxbl4 o nlz zllapojc" M cxlilg o ilz pxc{wp `liw{l mi Fca{c&icj" o pfobb wczi mi wel pc|we&lopw cn Pbc~l&imo) Wel `liw{l eop klli k|mbw zmweli~m{cifliwobb} n{mligb} fowl{mob oig mi oilil{j}&lnnm`mliw zo}) O xo{w cn wel {lpc|{`lpòfl n{cf wel L\" oig L\ pwoigo{gp zl{loxxbmlg) Op o `ciplq|li`l" bcòb xlcxbl ow welcxlimij wobalg o bcw okc|w wel L\ op o ‒bcòb‖o`wc{ mi welm{ bcòb gl~lbcxfliw lnnc{wp) ]c|pll" welpl o{l miwl{xbo}p weow iczogo}p lumpw)C~l{obb" M wemia weow wel L\ eop o ~l{} `{|`mob{cbl wc xbo} mi fmwmjowmij jbckob x{ckblfp oigli~m{cifliwob eobblijlp)Mi ~mlz cn wemp xcpmwm~l oxx{ompob" c|bg wel L\pl{~l op o fcglb nc{ cwel{ {ljmcip op zlbb3X{ckokb} icw ‐ cil illgp wc kl {lobmpwm` okc|wwelpl wemijp oig |igl{pwoig weow `m{`|f&pwoi`lp ~o{} `cipmgl{okb} n{cf cil xbo`l wcoicwel{) Mn }c| woal wel L\ zmwe mwp <88 fmbbmcixlcxbl oig `cfxo{l mw wc Migmo" nc{ luofxbl"zmwe fc{l weoi cil kmbbmci xlcxbl oig o ~l{}

jc~l{ioi`l wcgo} mp wc foal welpl gmnnoxx{coèlp ci~l{jl)

K|w zl o{l pwmbb mi o bcij blo{imij mi wemp {ljo{g) Woal wel luxl{mli`l cn @eojli ;88= nc{ luofxbl1 }c| oi pll wel gmn`|bwmlp klò|pl mw zop icw }lw `blo{ wcil òi x|w welpl gmnnl{liw xcbm`}fop}pwlfp wcjlwel{) Zl illg jbckob {|blp oijbckob {lj|bowc{} p}pwlf" k|w zl oiicw pmpo} weow zl illg wc eo~l o pmijbl bljob nzc{a zmwe o `cfx|bpc{} xczl{ ‐ wemp eozc{alg pc no{) K|w wemp gclp icw floi wepec|bg {|bl c|w wel xcppmkmbmw} nc{iowlg {lj|bowc{} p}pwlf wc lfl{jl mi

gmnnl{liw bl~lb cn gl~lbcxfliw" cil òi ~l{}lopmb} |igl{pwoig weow wel pofl fcglb cn li~m&{cifliwob x{cwl`wmci c{ l`cicfm` oig pc`mobgl~lbcxfliw mp icw ci`lm~okbl) Zeow illgp wc kl gcil mp wc nmj|{l c|w ecz cil òi zc{a owwel jbckob bl~lb wc mfx{c~l wel xl{nc{foi`l cn fmwmjowmci cn li~m{cifliwob mfxo`w mi gmnnl{&liw m{`|fpwoi`lp) Ecz wc cfkmil gmnnl{liwxcbm`} fcglbp miwc o zc{aokbl jbckobx{cj{offl3 Cil f|pw icw gli} wel gmnnl{&li`lp k|w zc{a zmwe welf)

Mi no`w" wemp q|lpwmci lulfxbmnmlp welmi`{lopmij cfxblumw} cn wcgo}”p jbckob jc~l{&ioi`l p}pwlf" zemè n|i`wmcip zmwec|w opmijbl jbckob `liw{l cn xczl{" op zl gc icweo~l o liw{ob jbckob jc~l{ifliw) Zl zmbb illgwc nmig o `bl~l{ `cfkmiowmci cn wel ~o{mc|pic{fowm~l" nmioi`mob" oig xcbm`}foamij mipw{|&fliwp" wc foal welf p|mwokbl nc{ wel gm~l{plbcòb oig {ljmciob `m{`|fpwoi`lp oig pmw|o&wmcip mi c|{ zc{bg) Mi L|{cxl" zl zmbb bo{jlb}`cc{gmiowl welpl mipw{|fliwp zmwemi weln{oflzc{a cn wel L\) Mi Migmo" mw zmbb kliowmciob xcbm`}foamij" oig wel pofl zmbboxxb} wc @emio) Wemp gclp icw floi weow obbwelpl jc~l{ioi`l mipw{|fliwp òiicw kl x|wwcjlwel{ mi o `cel{liw nopemci) Ci wel`ciw{o{}" M wemia" wel èobblijl nc{ jbckob

‸



Foamij

n|w|{l" zmwe wel n|bb |igl{pwoigmij oig xo{wm`&mxowmci cn bo{jl iowmciob p}pwlfp" p|è op Migmo"@emio" K{otmb" oig cwel{ kmj xbo}l{p)Mi wel `|{{liw ilwzc{a jc~l{ioi`l p}pwlf"foi} xlcxbl o{l luxl`wmij wel J;8 wc kl oioipzl{ wc foi} jbckob x{ckblfp" op mw mp cnwliplli op nopw oig gl`mpm~l) Mp wemp wel zo} nc{&zo{g mi jbckob ilwzc{a jc~l{ioi`l3Zlbb" M wemia weow cil eop wc kl ~l{} {lobmpwmòkc|w wel J;8) Wel J;8 x{c~lg wc kl q|mwl

lnnl`wm~l mi ;88=" oig weow x{cg|`lg o j{lowglj{ll cn li`c|{ojlfliw l~l{}zel{l mi welzc{bg) Wemp peczp weow mw mp ~l{} mfxc{woiw wceo~l blogl{pemx ‐ blogl{pemx zmwe wel oxx{c&x{mowl ofc|iw cn xczl{ ‐pc weow wemijp oi klfc~lg nc{zo{g)

Eczl~l{" mi ;8?8 oig ;8??" zl eo~l gmp`c~&l{lg weow wel J;8 eop obpc bcpw o bcw cn pwlofoig eopi”w klli okbl wc xl{nc{f" d|pw zelif|è cn wel jbckob l`cicf} mp liwl{mij o ilzxeopl cn wel {mpmp) M klbml~l weow wemp pec|bg klo ~l{} blo{ pmji wc wel J;8 wc {lfckmbmtl)

[lfckmbmtowmci" cn `c|{pl" òiicw kl wel

lig cn wel pwc{}) Ci`l wel fomi gm{l`wmci cn n|w|{l jc~l{ioi`l mp gl~lbcxlg" mw illgp wc klx|w miwc o x{cxl{ ic{fowm~l n{oflzc{a" oigweow ic{fowm~l n{oflzc{a zmbb eo~l wc kl bljmw&mfowl) M wel{lnc{l wemia wel J;8 ‐ oig M klbml~lwel flfkl{p cn wel J;8 |igl{pwoig wempxl{nl`wb} zlbb ‐ zmbb eo~l wc cxl{owl zmwemi p|èic{fowm~l p}pwlfp op wel \imwlg Iowmcip oigwel Miwl{iowmciob Fcilwo{} N|ig) Weow mpzel{l wel ic{fp oig {|blp cn wel jofl zmbbeo~l wc kl lbokc{owlg oig glwl{fmilg mi oxo{wm`mxowc{} x{c`lpp)

O wzc&xeopl oxx{coè mp wel{lnc{l |io~cmg&okbl) Wel nm{pw xeopl mp wel {lfckmbmtowmci cn welJ;8" oig wel pl`cig xeopl mp ic{f&plwwmij oigbljmwmfmtowmci cn ic{fp we{c|je oxx{cx{mowlmipwmw|wmcip p|è op wel \I oig wel MFN)Bccamij ow [mc!;8 mi ;8?; mi wemp `ciwluw ‐zeow zc|bg kl" mi }c|{ ~mlz" wel klpw {l`mxlnc{ p|``lpp3[mc!;8 mp cfmij ~l{} nopw" oig zl gc icw eo~lf|è wmfl) Wel q|lpwmcip o{l zelwel{ wel

luxl{mli`l cn wel xopw }lo{p zmbb kl x{cxl{b}okpc{klg" oig zelwel{ wel fcpw oxx{cx{mowloig {lobmpwm` c|w`cfl zmbb kl li~mpojlg mi g|lwmfl) M wemia weow wel wmfl mp {lobb} ~l{} pec{w)

Zl" mi Pbc~limo" zmbb ck~mc|pb} kl bccamij owwel L|{cxloi @cffmppmci”p blogl{pemx" zemèeop klli n|bb} mi~cb~lg mi wel iljcwmowmcip oig

~o{mc|p `cinl{li`lp n{cf @oi |i wc G|{koioig kl}cig) Wel{lnc{l" wel L\ `c|iw{mlp zmbb`cc{gmiowl welm{ xcbm`mlp zmwemi wel n{oflzc{acn wel \imci" oig wel @cffmppmci zmbb blogwel x{c`lpp)

L\ `c|iw{mlp |igl{pwoig weow [mc mi mwplbn zop o e|jl p|``lpp zmwe mwp Ojligo ;?" wel`bmfowl eoijl n{oflzc{a" oig kmcgm~l{pmw} opo fodc{ wopa) K|w wel ncbbcz&|x zop {owel{ ~o{mlg" oig gmg icw p|``llg mi l~l{} {lpxl`w) Mwmp mfxc{woiw weow wel x{lxo{owc{} x{c`lppwczo{gp [mc!;8 nmigp o wmflb} glnmimwmci cn p|pwomiokbl gl~lbcxfliw x{mc{mwmlp oig jcobpnc{ wel iluw glògl)\IMGC oig cwel{p o{l bccamij ow o ilz" p|p&womiokbl mig|pw{mob {l~cb|wmci) Zc|bg }c|oj{ll zmwe p|è oi oxx{coè" zemè obpcfloip o pw{cijl{ mi~cb~lfliw cn wel x{m~owlpl`wc{ mi wel x{ckblf&pcb~mij x{c`lpplp3Okpcb|wlb}) M wemia weow o ilz mig|pw{mob {l~c&b|wmci mp icw cib} òbblg nc{ k|w migllg mpob{log} eoxxlimij) Mi wemp ciwluw" zl pec|bg ~l{} ò{ln|bb} luofmil `c|iw{mlp p|è op wel[lx|kbm` cn Ac{lo c{ @emio ‐ ~l{} gmnnl{liw mipmtl k|w ~l{} pmfmbo{ mi welm{ ofkmwmci wcèoijl wczo{gp li~m{cifliwobb} n{mligb} wlè&icbcjmlp oig j{lli j{czwe) Weow" M wemia"pec|bg kl wel x{mc{mw})

Ck~mc|pb}" wel x{m~owl pl`wc{ eop o fodc{{cbl wc xbo} ci p|è o gl~lbcxfliw xowe) Welx{m~owl pl`wc{ eop klli wel g{m~mij nc{`l miwlèicbcjmòb èoijl mi wel xopw oig zmbb{lfomi pc mi wel n|w|{l)

Mi wemp `ciwluw" \IMGC eop peczi o{lfo{aokbl òxo`mw} wc ogoxw ‐ mw eop jcilwe{c|je pl~l{ob pwojlp mi o ~l{} pec{w xl{mcg cn

wmfl) Icz" M wemia" wel{l mp o {lobnc{ \IMGC wc xbo} o `cc{gmiowm k{mijmij wcjlwel{ obb welpl gmnnl{oig fcglbp omfmij ow j{lli j{czwe) Oi`c|{pl" foi} cn welpl fcglbp oig xcbm`m koplg ci x{m~owl pl`wc{ lijojlfliw)

Wemp mp icw ilz) Ow wel {l`liw <8po{} cn wel CL@G" M poz o ~l{} `blwczo{gp j{lli j{czwe) Migllg" zel{l~ljclp" j{lli j{czwe mp wobalg okc|w

glpm{lg xcbm`} gm{l`wmci) Wel fom{lfomip zelwel{ wel miwl{iowmciob cmp p|nnm`mliwb} zlbb&c{joimtlg nc{gm{l`wmci wc fc~l oelog) Zl eo~l pcòwlg flwecgp nc{ x{cfcwmij wemp oig" M klbml~l" \IMGC òi xbo} o ~l{cbl mi wemp ciwluw)@cfmij koà wc wel bcòb mfxo`w pxciplp wc jbckob p|pwomiokmbmw}zel{l mp Pbc~limo mi obb wemp3Nm{pw cn obb" Pbc~limo mp o flfkl{ nc{ |p" mwp pwoigo{gp oxxb}" oig glpmjilg mi `cinc{fmw} zmwe L\ xcbm

zel{l zl o{l bojjmij klemig mp mi welc|{ czi iow|{ob {lpc|{`lp nc{ wel x|{xcwlèicbcjmòb èoijl) Nc{ luofxbl" zlelo~mb} nc{lpwlg `c|iw{}) Okc|w >wl{{mwc{} mp `c~l{lg k} nc{lpwp) Mo{l icw |pmij lic|je wel cxxc{w|imw kmcfopp nc{ wel x{cg|`wmci cn lil{j}icw |pmij lic|je c|{ zccg op o fowl{molil{j}&lnnm`mliw ec|plp) Pc" mi l{womo{l bojjmij klemig) K|w" mi cwel{p" zl klwwl{ weoi o~l{ojl" nc{ mipwoi`l mi wwmci oig |pl cn pcbo{ xoilbp" zemè zeow p|{x{mpmij klò|pl zl o{l oi O`c|iw{}) Zl o{l obpc gcmij klwwl{ mi oop zowl{ x{cwl`wmci oig x|{mnmòwnc{we) ]c| oi pll weow wemp mp o ~omi pcfl wlèicbcjmòb nmlbgp zl oog~oi`lg" mi pcfl zl o{l icw) C|{ neczl~l{" pec|bg kl ci wecpl wlèicbcj} ozel{l zl boj klemig oig zel{l zl illg wfoal fc{l x{cj{lpp)b Miwl{~mlz k} Aot|am Amwocao" \IM

‒Mn }c| jc wc o no`wc{} miBd|kbdoio weow x{cg| lpo|wcfcwm~l bmjew p}pwlfp"mw mp" ow wel pofl wmfl" o

bc ob x{cg|`wmci p}pwlfoig xo{w cn o jbckob p}pwlfcn o|wcfcwm~lfoi|no`w|{mij)‖



FoamijMw 05

X e c w c 4 m p w c ` a

Oòplcn ―ecflboigpl`|{mw}”Obldoig{c Bmwc~pa} oig Xo|bmio mbbobxoigcbcca ow ecz wel {mpap cn mi~lpwmij mi no{fboig`{lowl cxxc{w|imwmlp nc{ p|pwomiokmbmw})

Ecz oj{m`|bw|{ob boig mp czilg" zeow mpj{czi ci mw" oig k} zecf" zmbb x{ckokb}glwl{fmil f|è cn wel iluw liw|{}”p x{cnmwp"xcbmwm`p oig" xcppmkb}" {l~cb|wmcip) Op wel oj{m&`|bw|{ob xo{ogmjf cn mig|pw{mob x{cg|`wm~mw}no`lp j{czmij pc`mob" l`cicfm`" oig jc~l{&ioi`l x{lpp|{lp" mi~lpwc{p pllamij wc foiojlwel {lp|bwmij {mpap zmbb {lq|m{l oi |i`ci~li&wmciob oxx{coè wc {mpa foiojlfliw4 mipl{w&mij l`cbcjmòb bmfmwp oig e|foi pl`|{mw} miwcwel oj{m`|bw|{ob lq|owmci)

Nccg `cffcgmw} x{m`lp o{l ci o pwlog}{mpl) F|è cn wel xboilw”p o{okbl boig mp klmij`|bwm~owlg" oig bo{jl x{cxc{wmcip cn mw o{l klmij |plg wc j{cz kmcn|lbp oig {cxp wc nllgbm~lpwcà) Wel luw{oc{gmio{} ofc|iwp cn zowl{ illglg nc{ m{{mjowmci n|{wel{ cfxlwlzmwe mi`{lopmij e|foi zowl{ `cip|fxwmcioig zmwe wel illgp cn e}g{cxczl{ xboiwp) Opwel zc{bg”p xcx|bowmci `ciwmi|lp wc j{cz"―boig” mp q|màb} kl`cfmij wel ilu|p weow

ecbgp obb wel w{ogl&cnnp wcjlwel{) Ogg {l`|{&{mij g{c|jewp" oig cil kljmip wc |igl{pwoigze} wel \imwlg Pwowlp fmbmwo{} òbbp `bmfowlèoijl o ‒we{low ofxbmnml{‖)

Boig pl`|{mw}Mi~lpwc{p o{l nbcàmij wc boig&koplg opplwp opo fc{l pl`|{l obwl{iowm~l wc wel ~cbowmbl pwcàoig kcig fo{alwp1 oig nc{ `c|iw{mlp bmalPo|gm O{okmo oig @emio" nccg oig cffcg&mw} p|xxbmlp o{l kl`cfmij o fowwl{ cn iowmciob pl`|{mw}) Kcwe w{ligp o{l {lp|bwmijmi bo{jl&pòbl o`q|mpmwmcip cn boig mi {ljmcipzel{l wel pcmb mp pwmbb nl{wmbl oig zowl{ pwmbbo~ombokbl) Mi p|k&Poeo{oi On{mò obcil" mi d|pwwli }lo{p" c~l{ ;88 fmbbmci el`wo{lp eo~l klli bloplg wc mi~lpwc{p nc{ oj{m`|bw|{obgl~lbcxfliw k} jc~l{ifliwp weow cnwlimjic{l wel miwl{lpwp cn `cff|imwmlp bm~mijci wel boig" blogmij wc nc{`lg l~m`wmcip oigpc`mob mipwokmbmw})



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Wel {lp|bwp o{l gm{l`w {lx|wowmciob oigxcbmwmòb {mpap nc{ mi~lpwc{p weow |igl{fmilwel bcij&wl{f ~mokmbmw} cn mi~lpwfliwp)@ci~liwmciob {mpa foiojlfliw oxx{coèlpzmbb pw{|jjbl) Zeow mp illglg mp nc{ cfxoimlpoig mi~lpwc{p wc obmji oj{m`|bw|{ob x{cg|`wm~&mw}" e|foi {mjewp" oig l`cbcjmòb bmfmwp op oimiwlj{owlg mi~lpwfliw pw{owlj})

D|pw op bo{jl ò{foal{p eo~l w|{ilg wclbl`w{m` ò{p" bo{jl oj{mk|pmilpp nm{fp zmbbw|{i wc c{joim` no{fmij) D|pw op ilz cfxo&imlp o{l klmij {lowlg ci wel kopmp cn x{c~mg&mij pl{~m`lp we{c|je gmpw{mk|wlg ilwzc{ap"bmal ò{&peo{mij pèlflp mi bo{jl `mwmlp" pcwcc" oj{mk|pmilpp f|pw klwwl{ miwlj{owl wel{cbl cn pfobbecbgl{ no{fl{p miwc o {ogmòb{lwemia cn mwp k|pmilpp fcglbp) Mi`liwm~lp nc{x|{p|mij welpl miic~owmcip o{l fc{l bmalb}wc o{mpl n{cf n|bb} |igl{pwoigmij wel pl`|&{mw} oig {mpa èobblijlp mi~cb~lg mi wel`|{{liw fcglb" weoi n{cf oxxlobp wc jbckob

p|pwomiokmbmw}) Wel pc{w cn pl`|{mw} n{oflzc{aweow mp lfl{jmij `cfkmilp we{ll miwl{&{lbowlg w}xlp cn {mpa4

X{cg|`wm~mw}Mi wel \imwlg Pwowlp" wc `mwl cil luofxbl" oiluxciliwmob j{czwe mi xlpwp weow eo~l lnnl`&wm~lb} ogoxwlg wc xlpwm`mglp p|è opjb}xecpowl mp blo~mij \P no{fl{p lmwel{|iokbl wc pec|bgl{ wel `cpwp cn oggmwmciobèlfmòbp c{ eo~mij wc luxl{mfliw zmwe|iwlpwlg elfmòb càwombp weow o{l bmalb} wcmi`{lopl wel wcum`mw} cn zowl{ p|xxbmlp oig welpcmb) Mi~lpwfliw oiob}pwp eo~l pmjiobblg weowwel j{czmij {lpmpwoi`l cn xlpwp wc èlfmòbxlpwm`mglp mp o o|pl nc{ `ci`l{i nc{ mi~lpwc{pmi oj{cèlfmòb cfxoimlp)

L`cbcjmòb bmfmwp o{l nc{`mij no{fl{p wcoàiczblgjl wel mfxc{woi`l weow o elobwe}li~m{cifliw eop ci bcij&wl{f oj{m`|bw|{obx{cg|`wm~mw}) C{joim` flwecgp weow pe}‸





Foamij

0:>"888 el`wo{lp n{cf wel P|goilpl jc~l{i&fliw wc j{cz {m`l" o zowl{&miwlipm~l `{cx)Zloa zowl{ {lj|bowmci eop nc{`lg welP|goilpl jc~l{ifliw wc eobw mwp zelowx{cg|`wmci klò|pl cn zowl{ pò{`mw}" zemèmi w|{i eop {lg|`lg j{omi p|xxbmlp oigmi`{loplg mwp x{m`l ci wel bcòb fo{alw)Oicwel{ luofxbl mp Woitoimo" zel{l zowl{glfoig n{cf boig mi~lpwfliwp eop eog o

glw{mfliwob lnnl`w ci lbl`w{m`mw} p|xxb}" zemèmi w|{i eop onnl`wlg wel `c|iw{}”p liwm{ll`cicf} pmi`l fc{l weoi eobn cn Woitoimo”plbl`w{m`mw} mp jlil{owlg k} e}g{cxczl{)

Mw mp {lopciokbl wc opp|fl weow welplw{ogl&cnnp oig luwl{iobmwmlp" zemè zmbbmi`{lopmijb} w{oipbowl miwc `cpwp wc klz{mwwli&cnn wel koboi`l pellw" o{l {l&glnmimijecz wc opplpp wel bcij&wl{f x{cg|`wm~mw} oig{mpa cn boig oig oj{m`|bw|{ob mi~lpwfliwp)

Zel{l iluw3Zembl x{cj{lpp glxligp ci ecpw jc~l{i&fliwp jlwwmij jccg jc~l{ioi`l oig boigxboiimij {mjew" wel `cpwp cn mio`wmci zmbb|igc|kwlgb} boig ci wel koboi`l pellwp cn `cfxoimlp oig mi~lpwc{p) O~cmgmij welpl{mpap {lq|m{lp pcfl nc{lpmjew) Wzc o{lop cn cxxc{w|imw} wc fc~l wemp ojligo nc{zo{g o{l4

W{oipxo{li`}X{lpp|{lp nc{ j{lowl{ w{oipxo{li`} o{lmi`{lopmij) Zmwemi `m~mb pc`mlw}" o {lplo{èxo{wil{pemx klwzlli wel Miwl{iowmciob Boig@cobmwmci oig o i|fkl{ cn gl~lbcxfliwojli`mlp omfp wc kl`cfl wel zc{bg”p bo{jlpwgowokopl ci bo{jl&pòbl boig mi~lpwfliwp)Mi`{lopmij w{oipxo{li`} k} mi~lpwc{p òi`{lowl ~m{w|c|p `m{`blp zmwe jc~l{ifliwp oig`cff|imwmlp" k|w w{oipxo{li`} zmbb icw kl oilop} p|kdl`w" lpxl`mobb} g|l wc `cfxlwmwm~lx{lpp|{lp zmwemi wel mi~lpwfliw pl`wc{)Mimwmob pwlxp o{l klmij woali eczl~l{ we{c|jewel X{mi`mxblp nc{ [lpxcipmkbl Mi~lpwfliw”p%X[M- No{fboig Zc{amij J{c|x" zel{l pmuxlipmci n|igp o{l xccbmij welm{ `cfkmilg

\P'?)0 w{mbbmci mi opplwp wc luxbc{l ecz wcg{m~l fc{l {lpxcipmkbl mi~lpwfliwp) Cxl{o&wmciobmtmij o `cffmwfliw wc w{oipxo{li`} mpofcij welm{ fomi miwl{lpwp) @cipmgl{okblcxxc{w|imwmlp lumpw nc{ `ccxl{owmci" k|wx{l`mplb} ecz mi~lpwc{p cxl{owmciobmtl w{oip&xo{li`} mp oi o{lo zel{l wel nm{pw fc~l{ zmbbeo~l wel og~oiwojl)

Oj{mk|pmilpp kl}cig `cfxbmoi`lCkwomimij x{mc{ oig minc{flg `cipliw n{cfbcòb `cff|imwmlp nc{ bo{jl&pòbl mi~lpw&fliwp mp kl`cfmij o `liw{ob glfoig cn `m~mbpc`mlw} wc kcwe jc~l{ifliwp oig mi~lpwc{p)N{ofmij wemp mi wl{fp cn `cfxbmoi`l mpmfxc{woiw" k|w fc{l mfxc{woiw n{cf o k|pm&ilpp xl{pxl`wm~l zmbb kl wc `{lowl fc{l mi`b|&pm~l ~ob|l eomip oig cnnl{ bcòb cff|imwmlpzo}p wc kl mi~cb~lg mi gl~lbcxfliw) Op weljbckob flgmo kl`cflp mi`{lopmijb} miwl{lpwlgmi wemp ojligo" mi~lpwc{p o{l bmalb} wc ciwmi|lwc kl luxcplg zeli x{cfmplp o{l icw alxw" opzop {l`liwb} wel opl zmwe kmcn|lb mi~lpwfliwp

mi Woitoimo) Lip|{mij wel{l mp o b ~mlz cn o cff|imw}”p gl~lbcxfliw mpwc nlow|{l `liw{obb} ci wemp ojligo)

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;) Flfkl{ pwowlp cn wel \imwlg Iowmcippec|bg li`c|{ojl oig no`mbmwowl welmiwl{iowmciob aiczblgjl ilwzc{amijòxo`mwmlp cn welm{ x|kbm` oig x{m~owlmipwmw|wmcip) Wemp fo} mi`b|gl4 ‐ Nc{f|bowmij ilwzc{amij pw{owljmlp

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nc{fowmci cn ilz ilwzc{ap mi pxl`mnm`nmlbgp cn pw{owljm` miwl{lpw)0) Miwl{iowmciob c{joimtowmcippec|bgmfx{c~l welm{ miwl{&mipwmw|wmciobminc{fowmci oig aiczblgjl luèoijlp}pwlfp oig no`mbmwowl klwwl{ aiczblgjlilwzc{amij ofcij welm{ flfkl{p) Wempfo} mi`b|gl4 ‐ Mfx{c~mij welfowm` minc{fowmci

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FoamijMw 77

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Making It #9 - Our low-carbon future