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Sidra Rauf. Madiha Shakoor. Shumaila Naseem. Sobia Yasmeen. Government College University Faisalabad. History of GCUF. GC University, Faisalabad has emerged as a leading center of learning and research in a short span of time. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Madiha ShakoorSidra RaufShumaila NaseemSobia YasmeenGovernment College University Faisalabad

History of GCUFGC University, Faisalabad has emerged as a leading center of learning and research in a short span of time.The GC University's journey started as a primary school in 1897 in the present building of Govt. College for Women, kharkhana Bazar, Faisalabad. It was promoted to High school and college in 1905 and 1924 respectively. Postgraduate disciplines were introduced in i963. The status of university was granted in October 2002Mission StatementOur Mission is to provide students an enabling environment where dialogue is encouraged and ideas envisioned. We will provide the intellectual and physical infrastructure that will hold students to the highest moral and ethical values.

Vision Statement Govt. College University has embarked on a new phase of history. We are busy in the preparation of a development plan both in terms of education as well as physical development. The hallmark of the Universitys educational philosophy is the reconstruction of human thought in all its facets on the foundation of our social, moral and religious values.

DepartmentsBusiness AdministrationLaw DepartmentPharmacy Education Department Foundations of group behavior

A set of two or more people who interact with each other to achieve certain goals or to meet certain needs.What is Group?

Attributes Interdependence among members Members goals are both shared and independent

Working GroupFormal work Group Informal work GroupCommand GroupTask ForcesFriendship GroupInterest GroupTypes of Work GroupsFormal Work Group A group established by management to help the organization achieve its goals.

Types of Work GroupsInformal Work GroupA group that emerges naturally when individuals perceive that membership in a group will help them achieve their goals or meet their needs.

Types of Formal Group Command Group consists of subordinates who report to the same supervisor. Task Force consists of people who come together to accomplish a specific goal.Types of Informal GroupFriendship Group consists of people who enjoy each others company and socialize with each other on and off the job.Interest Group consists of people who come together because they have a common goal or objective related to their organizational membership.Groups are formed based onStatusSecurity needsEsteem needsAffiliationGoal achievementPower

Stages of Group DevelopmentForming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

Stages of Group DevelopmentFormingGroup members try to get to know each other and establish a common understanding

StormingGroup is in conflict, members resist being controlled by, and disagreement arise concerning leadership in the group.

Stages of Group DevelopmentNormingClose ties and consensus begin to develop between group members.PerformingThe group begins to do its real work

Stages of Group DevelopmentAdjourningWork is doneTime to move on to other things

Group PropertiesRoles Norms Status SizeCohesivenessGroup PropertiesRoles expected behaviors for a given positionTask roles task-oriented group behaviorKeep the group on trackMaintenance roles relationship-building group behaviorKeep the group togetherRoles

Group PropertiesNorms Norms shared attitudes, opinions, feelings, or actions that guide social behaviorOstracism rejection by other group members

23Group PropertiesStatus A socially define position or rank given to groups or group members by otherssize measured by the number of full-time members who work together to achieve the groups goals.Group PropertiesSocial Loafing The tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually

Reasons for Social LoafingEquity of effortLoss of personal accountabilityMotivational loss due to sharing of rewardsCoordination loss as more people perform the task

Group PropertiescohesivenessThe degree to which group members are attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group

Cohesiveness-Productivity RelationshipStrong Increasein ProductivityModerate Increasein ProductivityNo Significant Effecton ProductivityDecrease inProductivityCohesivenessHigh lowhighlowAlignment of group and org.goalsGroupthink

The deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment in the interest of group solidarity

Understanding work teamsUnderstanding work teamsteamA group whose individual efforts result in a performance that is greater than the sum of the individual inputs.

Differences between groups an teamsTypes of teamsProblem solving teamsSelf managed work teamsVirtual teamsCross functional teams32Types of teamsTypes of teams

Problem solving Teams: They are typically composed of 5 to 12 employees of the same department who meet for few hours each week to discuss the ways of improving quality, efficiency, and the work environment.

Types of teamsSelf-managed work teams A formal group of employees that operates without a manager and is responsible for a complete work process or segment that delivers a product or service to an external or internal customer.

34Types of teams:Cross Functional Teams: A team composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different work areas in an organization they are brought together to accomplish a particular task.

Types of teamsVirtual Teams: Team that uses computer technology to tie together physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal.

A Team-Effectiveness ModelA Team-Effectiveness ModelAdequate Resources:Need the tools to complete the jobEffective Leadership and Structure:Agreeing to the specifics of work and how the team fits together to integrate individual skillsEven self-managed teams need leadersLeadership especially important in multi-team systemsClimate of Trust:Members must trust each other and the leaderPerformance and Rewards Systems that Reflect Team Contributions:Cannot just be based on individual effortCreating Effective Teams: ContextCreating Effective Teams: CompositionAbilities of Members:Need technical expertise, problem-solving, decision-making, and good interpersonal skillsPersonality of Members:Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, and Agreeableness all relate to team performanceAllocating Roles and Diversity:Many necessary roles that must be filledDiversity can often lead to lower performanceSize of Team:The smaller the better: 5-9 is optimalMembers Preference for Teamwork:Do the members want to be on teams?Creating Effective Teams: Work DesignFreedom and Autonomy:Ability to work independentlySkill Variety: Ability to use different skills and talentsTask Identity:Ability to complete a whole and identifiable task or productTask Significance:Working on a task or project that has a substantial impact on others

Creating Effective Teams: ProcessCommitment to a Common Purpose:Create a common purpose that provides directionHave reflexivity: willing to adjust plan if necessaryEstablishment of Specific Team Goals:Must be specific, measurable, realistic, and challengingTeam Efficacy:Team believes in its ability to succeedMental Models:Have an accurate and common mental map of how the work gets doneA Managed Level of Conflict:Task conflicts are helpful; interpersonal conflicts are notMinimized Social Loafing:Team holds itself accountable both individually and as a team

41Turning Individuals into Team Players Training Selection Rewards

Sr.NoQuestionnaireSAANDSD1I am actively participating in what's going on in the group. 2Because of my skills and experience, I am good at group work.3I give suggestions to keep the group assignment on track.4When a decision is made involving my area of responsibility, I am involved in the decision in group.5Group members take into account the feelings and thoughts of everyone in the group.6Group members are generating a bond by having the same goals. 7 Cooperation among all group members was necessary for us to accomplish ourObjectives.8My participation in group activities throughout this course has had a positive impact on myeducation38.7551.258.75

1.25 0Sr.NoQuestionnairesSAANDSD1Team members effectively anticipate each others needs2Team member monitor each others performance3The team leader ensures that we follow the procedures, do not argue, do not interrupt, and keep to the point4The team members are trying to define the goal and what tasks need to be accomplished5 Team member share personal problems with each other6The team leader tries to keep order and contributes to the task at hand.7Conflicts are a normal part of working together a deal with them openly.8Team member correct each others mistakes to ensure that procedure are follow properly9Members assist fellows team member during high workload10Team members caution each other potentially dangerous situations11Team members resolve their conflict, even when the conflicts have become personal 11.8 70 11.8 6.4 0