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Macquarie University ResearchOnline This is the published version of: Cristine Calil Kores ; Dimitri Geskus ; Helen Margaret Pask and Niklaus Ursus Wetter " Diode side pumped, quasi-CW Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser operating at 1176 nm ", Proc. SPIE 9347, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV, 934718 (February 27, 2015) Access to the published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2077976 Copyright: Copyright 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.

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Page 1: Macquarie University ResearchOnline · self -Raman laser was demonstrated by Demidovich et al. in 2005 6, achieving an output power of 54 mW. The YVO 4 crystal was first seen as a

Macquarie University ResearchOnline

This is the published version of: Cristine Calil Kores ; Dimitri Geskus ; Helen Margaret Pask and Niklaus Ursus Wetter " Diode side pumped, quasi-CW Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser operating at 1176 nm ", Proc. SPIE 9347, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV, 934718 (February 27, 2015) Access to the published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2077976 Copyright: Copyright 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.

Page 2: Macquarie University ResearchOnline · self -Raman laser was demonstrated by Demidovich et al. in 2005 6, achieving an output power of 54 mW. The YVO 4 crystal was first seen as a

Diode side pumped, quasi-CW Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser operating at

1176 nm

Cristine Calil Koresa, Dimitri Geskus

b, Helen Margaret Pask

c, Niklaus Ursus Wetter*

a

aCentro de Lasers e Aplicações, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, 05508-000 São

Paulo (SP), Brazil; bDepartment of Materials and Nano Physics, KTH - Royal Institute of

Technology, Kista, 16440, Sweden; cMQ Photonics, Department of Physics and Astronomy,

Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

ABSTRACT

In this work we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, quasi-continuous wave (qcw) laser operation

of a diode-side-pumped Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser operating at 1176 nm. The double beam mode controlling (DBMC)

technique used in this work allows fundamental mode laser oscillation, resulting in a beam quality M² of 2.42 and 2.18 in

the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. More than 3.5 W of peak output power at 1176 nm was achieved with

TEM00 laser mode, corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of 5.4%.With multimode operation, more than 8W

of peak output power was achieved, corresponding to 11.7% optical conversion efficiency.

Keywords: Nd:YVO4, Raman Lasers, Self-Raman Lasers, Side-pumped Raman Lasers, DBMC technique

1. INTRODUCTION

In the past two decades, there has been great interest in the development of solid state Raman lasers. Their wavelength

agile character provides a practical means for extending the fundamental wavelengths to several longer ones. The

nowadays readily available high quality optical coating technology allows the development of Raman lasers operating

near quantum efficiency, providing high output powers and high pulse energies1. When this technique is combined with

nonlinear conversion processes it gives access to hard to reach wavelengths in the visible range2. The yellow-orange

region of the spectrum presents potential applications in various areas, such as medicine, biomedicine and remote

sensing3.

The first cw solid state Raman laser was reported in 2004 by Grabtchikov et al4. The best result found in the literature of

a cw intracavity Raman laser in the infrared was reported in 2009, achieving an output power of 3.36 W at 1180 nm

using a Nd:YVO4/BaWO4 crystal combination, corresponding to 13.2 % of optical conversion efficiency5.

The most compact, simple and low-cost Raman lasers are the self-Raman lasers, in which both the fundamental laser

field as the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) occurs in the same crystal. The small number of optical components

inside the cavity of a self-Raman laser reduces the intracavity loss. The reduction of intracavity loss is of great

importance for the laser efficiency, as the optical gain provided by the SRS is small compared to an ordinary rare earth

doped laser gain medium. Self-Raman lasers present essentially two disadvantages: firstly, it is not possible to separately

optimize the mode sizes in the laser crystal and in the Raman crystal in order to achieve the highest efficiency and,

secondly, the additional thermal load of the SRS causes a major limitation to power scale self-Raman lasers. The first cw

self-Raman laser was demonstrated by Demidovich et al. in 20056, achieving an output power of 54 mW.

The YVO4 crystal was first seen as a promising Raman active medium in 2001 by Kaminskii et al7. Since then, this

crystal has been exploited as laser/Raman gain media for Q-switched devices8,9

and more recently, cw devices, achieving

an output power of 1.53 W at 1176 nm corresponding to a slope efficiency of 8.1%10

. The thermal load inside the crystal

causes a major limitation for the output power in a cw self-Raman laser, therefore in-band pumping of Nd:YVO4

becomes highly interesting. In-band pumping at 880 nm eliminates a large part of the quantum efficiency loss compared

to the traditional pumping at 808 nm, improving the laser efficiency11,12

.

*[email protected]

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV,edited by Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 9347, 934718 · © 2015 SPIE

CCC code: 0277-786X/15/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.2077976

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 9347 934718-1

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When the system is pumped at the traditional 808 nm wavelength, the Nd ion is excited from the fundamental 4I9/2 level

to the 4F5/2 level and decays by a non-radiative transition to the upper laser level

4F3/2 from where the laser transition

occurs, emitting a photon at 1064 nm. Then, the atom decays to the fundamental 4I11/2 Stark level. When pumping the

system at 880 nm, the atom is excited directly to the upper laser level, reducing the Stokes shift between the pump and

the laser photon and causing a heat reduction of ~25%13

.

Diode-end-pumping configuration requires expensive pump schemes such as fiber-coupled diodes, it does not permit

power scalability, and presents strong thermal lensing14,15

. An attractive configuration is a side-pumping scheme with

single or double beam (DBMC) technology, in which the laser beam performs a total internal reflection at the pumped

facet of the crystal16-19

. This geometry has shown high output powers at 1064 nm and a slope efficiency of 74% using a

Nd:YVO4 crystal20,21

. With grazing incidence geometry and single bounce configuration, the laser operates in a variety of

Hermite-Gauss laser modes depending on mirror alignment. Using the DBMC technology, one can perform mode-

controlling by changing the angle that the laser beam makes with the pump surface and by adjusting the distance

between the two beams, which creates an efficient overlap between the two laser beams and the inverted population in

the pumped region. The DBMC technology prevents higher modes to oscillate, and allows for generation of a stable high

quality TEM00 laser mode.

In this work, we report for the first time a diode-side-pumped, quasi-continuous Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser

emitting at 1176nm.

2. LASER EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

Figure 1 shows the two configurations of grazing incidence geometry used in this work with (a) a single bounce and (b) a

double bounce configuration based on the DBMC technology.

Figure 1. Configuration of the laser set up with (a) single bounce and (b) double bounce geometries.

The laser active medium used in our experiment was an a-cut Nd:YVO4 crystal with 1.1 at.% Nd

+3 doping concentration

and dimensions of 22×5×2 mm³. The c-axis was orientation perpendicular to the larger surfaces. The 5×2 mm facets

were antireflection coated for 1064 nm and 1175 nm, and cut at an angle of 5° to minimize possible parasitic self-lasing

effects. The 22×5 mm surface, which was the pump surface, was coated for high transmission at 808 nm and 880 nm.

The crystal was mounted on a copper heat sink refrigerated by a re-circulating chiller. A 0.125 mm thick indium foil was

placed between the crystal and the holder in order to facilitate efficient heat exchange.

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A 70 watts TE-polarized diode bar (Jenoptiks) was used as pumping source, mounted onto a temperature controlled

copper plate, using indium foil for thermal contact. Its output wavelength was temperature tuned to 880 nm, which was

around 39º C for q-cw operation. An achromatic half wave plate (Thorlabs) was used to control the polarization of the

pump laser in order to address the crystal’s π-polarization, having the higher absorption cross-section of abs =

45·10

-

20cm

2 at 880 nm

22 as shown in figure 2.

795 810 825 840 855 870 885 9000

5

10

15

20

25

(nm)

Ab

so

rpti

on

co

eff

icie

nt (c

m-1) E // c-axis (-Pol)

E | c-axis (-Pol)

Figure 2. Absorption spectrum of the Nd:YVO4 crystal used in this experiment, measured with a Cary-5000 (Agilent) spectrometer.

A 6.4 mm focal cylindrical lens was used to create a line focus of approximately 50 μm in the vertical direction and 12

mm in the horizontal direction. The cavity used for the single bounce experiment, shown in figure 1a, was 7 cm long and

comprised two mirrors: M1 was a high reflector (R> 99.99 %) for 1064 nm and 1175 nm, with 15 cm radius of curvature

and M2 was a flat output coupler with R>99.99 % at 1064 nm and T=0.47 % at 1175 nm. In the single bounce

geometry, the laser can operate in a variety of Hermite-Gauss modes, depending on the cavity alignment.

Fig. 1b shows a schematic representation of the experimental setup used for the double bounce experiment. A third

folding mirror (M3) was added having the same coating as M1. With the double bounce geometry, the distance between

the two beams is such that the overlap region between the laser beams and the pumped region makes it possible to

generate a stable TEM00 mode.

The TEM00 mode size inside the cavity was simulated with an ABCD matrix resonator model (LASCAD GmbH)

providing a 150 μm beam diameter in the laser/Raman crystal, in the absence of thermal lensing.

With both configurations the laser was studied under quasi-cw operation, in which the pump was pulsed with a duty

cycle of 0.3 % at a repetition rate of 20 Hz corresponding to a pulse duration of 150 μs. Therefore, thermal effects can be

neglected. The short pulse duration is approximately twice the lifetime of the upper laser level22

. In order to measure

output power from the Raman laser, a longpass filter was used (FEL1150 Thorlabs) to block the residual power at 1064

nm. The laser output energy was measured using a pyroelectric energy sensor (Thorlabs- ES111C) and the peak power

was calculated.

With the DBMC configuration, the beam quality factor M² of the TEM00 was measured, by using a biconvex lens (f=30

mm) to focus the beam in a CCD camera, which was translated in z-direction through the focal plane. The calculations of

the beam waist were made using the second moment beam analysis in the horizontal and vertical directions.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The spectrum of the Raman laser, along with the fundamental laser, was recorded with a spectrophotometer (Ocean

Optics NIR Quest) with resolution of 3.3 nm (figure. 3), when the laser operated in the single bounce configuration.

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1050 1080 1110 1140 1170 12000,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

No

rma

lize

d i

nte

ns

ity

wavelenght (nm)

1st Stokes

1176 nm

Fundamental

1064 nm

E = 890 cm-1

Figure 3. Emission spectrum of the Raman laser, centered at 1176 nm, along with the fundamental laser, centered at 1064 nm.

In the single bounce configuration, the 1st Stokes at 1176 nm delivered a maximum peak power of 8.4 W in multimode,

corresponding to optical conversion efficiency from the incident diode radiation to the output Stokes radiation of 11.7%,

as shown in the linear fit of the graph in Figure 4.

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 802

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

pump power (W)

ou

tpu

t p

eak p

ow

er

at

1176 n

m (

W)

Slope efficency = 15.3%

Figure 4. Output peak power as a function of pump power, for the laser with single bounce operating in multimode.

The temporal behavior of the Raman laser was measured (Thorlabs DET01CFC) simultaneously with the pump beam

(biased photodetector Newport 818-BB-21A), and the output from these fast detectors was observed using an

oscilloscope as shown in figure 5. The measurement was made at 24 A of applied pump current corresponding to

approximately 14 Watt of diode pump power which corresponds to threshold of lasing.

Figure 5. Temporal behavior of the pump beam (upper curve) and Stokes beam (lower curve), with 20µs/div.

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Using the DBMC technology, the laser mode size becomes smaller due to the competition between the two

beams in the gain medium, favoring TEM00 oscillation. The maximum Raman TEM00 peak output power was 3.7 W

corresponding to an optical to optical conversion efficiency of 5.4 %, as shown in figure 6.

20 30 40 50 60 701,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

ou

tpu

t p

ea

k p

ow

er

at

11

76

nm

(W

)

pump power (W)

slope efficiency = 6.12%

Figure 6. Peak output power as a function of diode pump power for the DBMC-Raman laser, operating in TEM00 mode.

The measurements of the M² quality factor of the laser beam in the DBMC set-up provided a value of 2.42 in the

horizontal direction and 2.18 in the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 7.

0 5 10 15 20 250,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

M2x = 2.42

M2y = 2.18

beam

wais

t (m

m)

position in the z-direction (mm)

Figure 7. M2 measurement of the Raman laser beam in the DBMC configuration.

4. CONCLUSION

We have demonstrated, to the best of our knowledge, the first side pumped self-Raman laser under q-cw regime. Stable,

high quality TEM00 laser output is achieved thanks to the unique mode controlling characteristics of the DBMC

technology.

In the grazing incidence geometry and with a single bounce configuration, the laser provided a maximum

multimode peak output power of 8.4 W with 11.7% optical conversion efficiency (diode to Stokes). With the DBMC

configuration, it was possible to generate a stable high quality TEM00 mode with a measured M² of Mx2=2.42 and

My2=2.18 in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and maximum peak output power of 3.7 W

corresponding to 5.4% of optical conversion efficiency.

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5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We gratefully acknowledge the award of Cristine Cores’ CAPES scholarship, the FAPESP research grant 2012 11437-8

and the CNPq research grant 2012-1 401580.

REFERENCES

[1] Piper, J. and Pask, H., “Crystalline Raman lasers,” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

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[2] Jakutis-Neto, J., Lin, J., Wetter, N. and Pask, H., "Continuous-wave Watt-level Nd:YLF/KGW Raman laser

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[3] Dekker, P., Pask, H., Spence, D. and Piper, J., “Continuos-wave, intracavity doubled, self-Raman laser

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[4] Grabtchikov, A., Lisinetskii, V., Orlovich, V., Schmitt, M., Maksimenka, R. and Kiefer, W., “Multimode

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[5] Fan, L., Fan, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, H., Wang, Q., Wang, J. and Wang, H., "High-efficiency continuous-wave

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[6] Demidovich, A., Grabtchikov, A., Lisinetskii, V., Burakevich, V., Orlovich, V. and Kiefer, W., "Continuous-

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:KGd(WO4)2 laser," Opt. Lett. 30, 1701-1703 (2005).

[7] Kaminskii, A., Ueda, K., Eichler, H., Kuwano, Y., Kouta, H., Bagaev, S., Chyba, T., Barnes, J., Gad, G., Murai,

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-materials for Raman lasers,” Opt.

Commun. 194, 201–206 (2001).

[8] Chen, Y., “High-power diode-pumped actively Q-switched Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser: Influence of dopant

concentration,” Opt. Lett. 29, 1915–1917 (2004).

[9] Du, C., Zhang, L., Yu, Y., Ruan, S. and Guo, Y., “3.1 W laser-diode-end-pumped composite Nd:YVO4 self-

Raman laser at 1176 nm,” Appl. Phys. B 101, 743-746 (2010).

[10] Zhu, H., Zhang, G., Duan, Y., Huang, C. and Wei, Y., “Compact Continuous-Wave Nd:YVO4 Laser with Self-

Raman Conversion and Sum Frequency Generation,” Chin. Phys. Lett. 28, 054202 (2011).

[11] Lavi, R., Jackel, S., Tzuk, Y., Winik, M., Lebiush, E. and Paiss, I., “High-efficiency diode direct-pumping of

Nd:YVO4 grazing incidence oscillators,” CLEO/Europe Conference, September 2000 ( Nice, France).

[12] Kores, C., Jakutis-Neto, J. and Wetter, N., “Comparison of grazing incidence Nd:YVO4 lasers pumped at 808

and 880 nm,” in Advanced Solid-State Lasers Congress, G. Huber and P. Moulton, eds., OSA Technical Digest

(online) (Optical Society of America, 2013), paper ATu3A.10.

[13] Lavi R. and Goldring, S., “Heat generation following direct pumping of Nd:YVO4 with and in the absence of

stimulated emission” in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, 2006),

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[14] Bermudez, J., Pinto-Robledoa, V., Kir’yanova, A. and Damzen, M., “The thermo-lensing effect in a grazing

incidence, diode-side-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser,” Opt. Comm. 210, 75-82 (2002).

[15] Damzen, M., Trew, M., Rosas, E. and Crofts, G., “Continuous-wave Nd:YVO4 grazing-incidence laser with

22.5 W output power and 64% conversion efficiency,” Opt. Comm. 196, 237-241 (2001).

[16] Wetter, N., Sousa, E., Camargo, F., Ranieri, I., and Baldochi, S., "Efficient and compact diode-side-pumped

Nd:YLF laser operating at 1053 nm with high beam quality," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 10, 104013 (2008).

[17] Wetter, N., Sousa, E., Ranieri, I. and Baldochi, S., “Compact, diode-side-pumped Nd3+

:YLiF4 laser at 1053 nm

with 45% efficiency and diffraction-limited quality by mode controlling,” Opt. Lett. 34, 292-294 (2009).

[18] Deana, A., Lopez, M. and Wetter, N., “Diode-side-pumped Nd:YLF laser emitting at 1313 nm based on DBMC

technology,” Opt. Lett. 38, 4088-4091 (2013).

[19] Deana, A., Ranieri, I., Baldochi, S. and Wetter, N., "Compact, diode-side-pumped and Q-switched Nd:YLiF4

laser cavity operating at 1053 nm with diffraction limited beam quality," Appl. Phys. B. 106, 877-880 (2012).

[20] Wetter, N., Camargo, F. and Sousa, E., “Mode-controlling in a 7.5 cm long, transversally pumped, high power

Nd:YVO4 laser,” J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 10, 104012 (2008).

[21] Camargo, F. and Wetter, N., “High power, good beam quality Nd:YVO4 laser using a resonator with high

extinction ratio for higher-order mode thresholds,” AIP Conference Proceedings 992, 420-425 (2008). [22] C. Czeranowsky, “Resonatorinterne Frequenzverdopplung von diodengepumpten Neodym-Lasern mit hohen

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PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE

Volume 9347

Proceedings of SPIE 0277-786X, V. 9347

SPIE is an international society advancing an interdisciplinary approach to the science and application of light.

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV Konstantin L. Vodopyanov Editor 9–12 February 2015 San Francisco, California, United States Sponsored and Published by SPIE

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV,edited by Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 9347, 934701 · © 2015 SPIE

CCC code: 0277-786X/15/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.2183978

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The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from this book: Author(s), "Title of Paper," in Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV, edited by Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 9347 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2015) Article CID Number. ISSN: 0277-786X ISBN: 9781628414370 Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time)· Fax +1 360 647 1445 SPIE.org Copyright © 2015, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 0277-786X/15/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library.

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Contents vii Authors ix Conference Committee MICRORESONATOR COMBS, THZ, AND RF PHOTONICS I: JOINT SESSION WITH CONFERENCES

9343 AND 9347

9347 02 Broadband 2.5-6µm frequency comb source for dual-comb molecular spectroscopy

[9347-1] VISIBLE-UV GENERATION I

9347 04 High average power quasi-CW single-mode green and UV fiber lasers (Invited Paper) [9347-70]

9347 05 CW single-frequency 229nm laser source for Cd-cooling by harmonic conversion [9347-3] 9347 08 Ten deep blue to cyan emission lines from an intracavity frequency converted Raman

laser [9347-6] 9347 09 Frequency doubling of near-infrared radiation enhanced by a multi-pass cavity for the

second-harmonic wave [9347-7] VISIBLE-UV GENERATION II

9347 0A Whispering gallery resonator from lithium tetraborate for nonlinear optics [9347-8] 9347 0B Fiber-integrated second harmonic generation modules for visible and near-visible

picosecond pulse generation [9347-9] 9347 0C 0.5W CW single frequency blue at 486 nm via SHG with net conversion of 81.5% from the

NIR using a 30mm PPMgO:SLT crystal in a resonant cavity [9347-10] 9347 0D 517nm - 538nm tunable second harmonic generation in a diode-pumped PPKTP

waveguide crystal [9347-11] 9347 0E A novel collinear LiNbO3 acousto optical tunable filter with the improved range of

transmission and spectral resolution [9347-12]

iii

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 9347 934701-3

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TERAHERTZ GENERATION

9347 0F Sub-cycle control of multi-THz high-harmonic generation and all-coherent charge transport in bulk semiconductors (Invited Paper) [9347-13]

9347 0G Intense THz pulses for condensed matter physics (Invited Paper) [9347-14] 9347 0H Ultrafast photo-response in superconductive isotropic radiators for microwave generation

[9347-15] OPTICAL PARAMETRIC PROCESSES I

9347 0J Optical parametric oscillation in quasi-phase-matched GaP (Invited Paper) [9347-17] 9347 0K 1-µm-pumped OPO based on orientation-patterned GaP [9347-18] 9347 0M Tunable continuous-wave midwave infrared generation using an orientation patterned

GaAs crystal with a fan-out grating design [9347-20] 9347 0N Temperature-tuned 90° phase-matched SHG and DFG in BaGa4S7 [9347-21] OPTICAL PARAMETRIC PROCESSES II

9347 0O 6.5W mid-infrared ZnGeP2 parametric oscillator directly pumped by a Q-switched Tm3+-doped single oscillator fiber laser [9347-22]

9347 0P Cascaded OPGaAs OPO for increased longwave efficiency [9347-23] 9347 0Q High average power difference-frequency generation of picosecond mid-IR pulses at

80MHz using an Yb-fiber laser pumped optical parametric oscillator [9347-24] NOVEL CONCEPTS OF NONLINEAR OPTICS I

9347 0U Design and results of a dual-gas quasi-phase matching (QPM) foil target [9347-28] 9347 0V Co-existence of harmonic generation and two-photon luminescence in selectively grown

coaxial InGaN/GaN quantum wells on GaN pyramids [9347-29] NOVEL CONCEPTS OF NONLINEAR OPTICS II

9347 0Z Second harmonic generation at oblique angles in photonic bandgap structures [9347-33] 9347 10 Second harmonic generation of a random fiber laser with Raman gain [9347-34] 9347 11 Mechanisms universally permitting hyper-Rayleigh scattering [9347-35]

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SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION

9347 13 Analysis of a low-cost technique for the generation of broadband spectra with adjustable spectral width in optical fibers [9347-37]

9347 15 Interferometric coherence measurement and radio frequency noise characterization of

the 1.3µm femtosecond intense Stokes continuum from a TZDW source [9347-39] RAMAN AND BRILLOUIN PROCESSES

9347 18 Diode side pumped quasi-CW Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser operating at 1176 nm [9347-42] 9347 19 Enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering in chalcogenide elliptical photonic crystal fibres

[9347-43] NEW NONLINEAR MATERIALS AND CHARACTERIZATION

9347 1A Frequency conversion for infrared generation in monolithic semiconductor waveguides (Invited Paper) [9347-44]

9347 1B Calorimetric measurement of absorption loss in orientation-patterned GaP and GaAs

[9347-45] 9347 1C Lithium niobate: wavelength and temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient

in the visible and near infrared [9347-46] 9347 1D Highly sensitive absorption measurements in lithium niobate using whispering gallery

resonators [9347-47] POSTER SESSION

9347 1J Tunable two-color soliton pulse generation through soliton self-frequency shift [9347-53] 9347 1K Chemical synthesis and crystal growth of AgGaGeS4, a material for mid-IR nonlinear laser

applications [9347-54] 9347 1M Surface characterization studies of orientation patterned ZnSe doped with Cr2+ [9347-56] 9347 1N Double-pump-pass singly resonant optical parametric oscillator for efficient generation of

infrared light at 2300 nm based on PPMgSLT [9347-57] 9347 1O Generation of third harmonic picosecond pulses at 355 nm by sum frequency mixing in

periodically poled MgSLT crystal [9347-58] 9347 1P Chalcogenide suspended-core fibers for supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared

[9347-59]

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9347 1Q Characterizing germania concentration and structure in fiber soot using multiphoton microscopy and spectroscopy technology [9347-60]

9347 1R Dissipative collinear weakly coupled acousto-optical states [9347-61] 9347 1S Temperature-dependent phase-matching properties with oo-e and oo-o interactions in

5mol% MgO doped congruent LiNbO3 [9347-62] 9347 1T Temperature-dependent phase-matching properties of 1.3mol% MgO doped

stoichiometric LiNbO3 [9347-63] 9347 1U Polarization tunable spatial and angular Goos-Hänchen shift and Imbert-Fedorov shift using

long range surface plasmon [9347-64] 9347 1V Effect of surfactants on the emission properties of ZnO: Mn3O4 nanocomposites [9347-65] 9347 1X Supercontinuum from single- and double-scale fiber laser pulses in long extra-cavity P2O5-

doped silica fiber [9347-67] 9347 1Y Flat mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in tapered fiber with thin coating of highly

nonlinear glass [9347-68]

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Authors Numbers in the index correspond to the last two digits of the six-digit citation identifier (CID) article numbering system used in Proceedings of SPIE. The first four digits reflect the volume number. Base 36 numbering is employed for the last two digits and indicates the order of articles within the volume. Numbers start with 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B...0Z, followed by 10-1Z, 20-2Z, etc. Abidi, I., 19 Abolghasem, Payam, 1A Agnesi, Antonio, 0Q Andrews, David L., 11 Arellanes, Adan Omar, 0E, 1R Avdokhin, Alexey, 04 Babin, Sergey A., 10 Badikov, Valery V., 0N Baierl, S., 0F Banerjee, Partha P., 0Z Barnes, Jacob O., 0M Barrientos-Garcia, A., 13 Battle, P. R., 0D Becker, Petra, 0A, 1C Berrou, A., 0O Berry, Patrick, 1M Bertone, Emanuele, 0E Beutler, Marcus, 0Q Bohatý, Ladislav, 0A, 0C Bougeard, D., 0F Breunig, Ingo, 0A, 1D Bullard, Tom, 0H Bulmer, John, 0H Buse, Karsten, 0A, 1C, 1D Butler, Sween, 0V Büttner, Edlef, 0Q Cadier, B., 0O Calil Kores, Cristine, 18 Chen, Minghan, 1Q Cherif, R., 19 Claflin, Bruce, 1M Clement, Q., 1K Coscelli, Enrico, 1P Cucinotta, Annamaria, 1P Dhanuskodi, S., 1V Dolasinski, Brian, 0H Donelan, B., 0O Dontsova, Ekaterina I., 10 Dromey, Brendan, 0U Eckardt, Robert, 0B Edwards, E. R. J., 0F Eichhorn, M., 0O

Erbert, G., 09 Erdmann, Rainer, 1O Estudillo-Ayala, J. M., 13 Evans, Jonathan, 1M Farinello, Paolo, 0Q Feaver, R. K., 0P Fedorova, K. A., 0D

Fieberg, S., 1C Fikry, Mohamed, 0V Ford, Jack S., 11 Fürst, Josef Urban, 0A Gapontsev, Valentin, 04 Geskus, Dimitri, 08, 18 Golde, D., 0F Gonzalez, Leonel P., 0M Goswami, Nabamita, 1U Guha, Shekhar, 0M Güther, R., 09 Hage, Arvid, 0U Haugan, Timothy, 0H Haus, Joseph W., 0H, 0P, 0Z Helmy, A. S., 1A Hernandez-Garcia, J. C., 13 Hoelscher, John, 1M Hoffmann, Matthias C., 0G Hohenleutner, M., 0F Höppner, Hauke, 0U Hu, Dora, 0B Huber, R., 0F Huttner, U., 0F Ibarra-Escamilla, B., 13 Isyanova, Yelena, 1B Jadhav, Shilpa, 0C Jakutis-Neto, Jonas, 08 Jedrzejczyk, D., 09 Kablukov, Sergey I., 10 Kadwani, Pankaj, 04 Kakarantzas, George, 1Y Kaltenbach, André, 1O Kaneda, Yushi, 05 Kang, D., 1A Kar, Aparupa, 1U

Kato, Kiyoshi, 0N Kelleher, Edmund, 0B Khademian, Ali, 0C Kieleck, C., 0O Kiessling, J., 1C Kira, M., 0F Knox, Wayne H., 15 Kobtsev, Sergey M., 1X Koch, S. W., 0F Kühnemann, F., 1C Kukarin, Sergey V., 1X Landgraf, Björn, 0U Lange, C., 0F Langer, F., 0F

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Lauritsen, Kristian, 1O Lee, Seungmin, 1N Legg, Thomas, 0B Leidinger, Markus, 1D Li, Han, 0Z Li, Jianfeng, 1P Li, Ming-Jun, 1Q Liang, Runfu, 1J Liebertz, Josef, 0A Liu, Anping, 1Q Livshits, D. A., 0D Logan, D. A., 1A Maag, T., 0F Madel, Manfred, 0V Magarrell, Daniel J., 0J, 0K Matsuda, Daisuke, 1S, 1T McCarthy, John C., 0K Meier, T., 0F Melkonian, J. M., 1K Merzlyak, Yevgeny, 05 Michel, Julia, 0Q Mizuno, Takuma, 1S, 1T Moore, Elizabeth, 1M Moulton, Peter F., 1B Murray, Robert, 0B Myasnikov, Daniil, 04 Nemov, Sergey A., 1R Neogi, Arup, 0V

Paschke, K., 09 Pask, Helen Margaret, 08, 18 Peterson, R. D., 0P Petit, J., 1K Petrov, Valentin P., 0N, 0Q Platonov, Nicholai, 04 Poli, Federica, 1P Pomeranz, Leonard A., 0J, 0K Popov, Sergei, 0B Pottiez, O., 13 Powers, Peter E., 0H, 0P Prandolini, Mark J., 0U Qiu, Ping, 1J Rafailov, E. U., 0D Rajeswari, P., 1V Rame, J., 1K Reddy, B. Rami, 1M Rhee, Bum Ku, 1N Riedel, Robert, 0U Rimke, Ingo, 0Q Riziotis, Christos, 1Y Robertson, Andrew, 0B Robin, T., 0O Rojas-Laguna, R., 13 Runcorn, Timothy, 0B Saha, Ardhendu, 1U Samartsev, Igor, 04 Schepler, Kenneth, 1M Schönau, Thomas, 1O Schubert, O., 0F Schulz, Michael, 0U Schunemann, Peter G., 0J, 0K, 0M, 1B

Selleri, Stefano, 1P Senthilkumar, P., 1V Shcherbakov, Alexandre S., 0E, 1R Shiner, David, 0C Singh, Narsingh B., 1M Smirnov, Sergei V., 1X Smolski, V. O., 02 Streit, L., 1C Tavella, Franz, 0U Taylor, James, 0B

Taylor, Michael, 0U Thonke, Klaus, 0V Tränkle, Günther, 1O Umemura, Nobuhiro, 0N, 1S, 1T Urbanek, B., 0F Vangala, Shiva, 1M Vargas-Rodriguez, E., 13 Vatnik, Ilya D., 10 Vaupel, Andreas, 04 Velanas, Pantelis, 1Y Viana, B., 1K Vodopyanov, K. L., 02 Wang, Ke, 1J Wetter, Niklaus Ursus, 08, 18 Williams, Mathew D., 11 Woltersdorf, G., 0F Wünsche, Martin, 0U Yao, Yuhong, 15 Yarborough, J. M., 05 Yeung, Mark, 0U Yusim, Alex, 04 Zawilski, Kevin T., 0K Zelmon, David E., 0K Zepf, Matthew, 0U Zghal, M., 19

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Conference Committee Symposium Chairs

Guido Hennig, Daetwyler Graphics AG (Switzerland) Yongfeng Lu, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (United States)

Symposium Co-chairs

Bo Gu, Bos Photonics (United States) Andreas Tünnermann, Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik (Germany), and Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena (Germany)

Conference Chair

Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States)

Conference Co-chair

Yehoshua Y. Kalisky, Nuclear Research Center Negev (Israel) Conference Program Committee

Darrell J. Armstrong, Sandia National Laboratories (United States) Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (Spain) Peter Günter, ETH Zurich (Switzerland) Baldemar Ibarra-Escamilla, Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (Mexico) Moti Katz, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (Israel) Yun-Shik Lee, Oregon State University (United States) Rita D. Peterson, Air Force Research Laboratory (United States) Peter G. Schunemann, BAE Systems (United States) Kenneth L. Schepler, Air Force Research Laboratory (United States) Andrei V. Shchegrov, KLA-Tencor Corporation (United States) Wei Shi, Tianjin University (China) Michael Vasilyev, The University of Texas at Arlington (United States)

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Session Chairs 1 Microresonator Combs, THz, and RF Photonics I: Joint Session with Conferences 9343 and 9347

Andrea M. Armani, The University of Southern California (United States)

2 Microresonator Combs, THz, and RF Photonics II: Joint Session with Conferences 9343 and 9347

Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States) Gualtiero Nunzi Conti, Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara (Italy)

3 Visible-UV Generation I

Andrei V. Shchegrov, KLA-Tencor Corporation (United States)

4 Visible-UV Generation II Andrei V. Shchegrov, KLA-Tencor Corporation (United States)

5 Terahertz Generation

Konstantin L. Vodopyanov, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States)

6 Optical Parametric Processes I

Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (Spain) Rita D. Peterson, Air Force Research Laboratory (United States)

7 Optical Parametric Processes II

Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (Spain) Kenneth L. Schepler, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States)

8 Novel Concepts of Nonlinear Optics I

Michael Vasilyev, The University of Texas at Arlington (United States) Darrell J. Armstrong, Sandia National Laboratories (United States)

9 Novel Concepts of Nonlinear Optics II

Michael Vasilyev, The University of Texas at Arlington (United States) Darrell J. Armstrong, Sandia National Laboratories (United States)

10 Supercontinuum Generation

Yehoshua Y. Kalisky, Nuclear Research Center Negev (Israel)

11 Raman and Brillouin Processes Darrell J. Armstrong, Sandia National Laboratories (United States)

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12 New Nonlinear Materials and Characterization Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques (Spain) Kenneth L. Schepler, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States)

13 Peter Powers Tribute

Yehoshua Y. Kalisky, Nuclear Research Center Negev (Israel) Kenneth L. Schepler, CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida (United States)

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