Seminar report on:

Mac os vs windows

GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Moti Bhoyan, Kalol ,Gujarat, India.

Guided By Submitted By

Miss . Leena Patel Mankad Bhavya

Id no. 08ce024

5th CE

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GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Moti Bhoyan, Kalol ,Gujarat, India.

Year:2010

Certificate

This is to certify that the seminar entitled “Mac OS vs Windows” and submiitted by Mankad Bhavya having id no.O8CE024 for the partial fullfilment of requirements of Bachelor of Engineering(Computer Engineering) degree of GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Motibhoyan, Kalol, Gujarat, India embodies the

bonafied work done by haer under my supervision.

Miss Leena patel Mr.Rahul vaghela

Name of guide Cordinator

Place:

Date:

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GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Moti Bhoyan, Kalol ,Gujarat, India.

Year:2010

Acknowledgement

I would like to take this opportunity to thank my teacher and guide Miss Leena Patel for

her advice and continued support without which it would not have been possible to

complete this report.

I would also like to thank entire computer department and faculty for helping me in every

possible manner during this course.

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Index

No TOPIC Page no

1. Operating system 6

2. Mac os: genesis 7

3. Mac os: development 8

4. Mac os X 10

5. Mac os : features 11

6. Windows 12

7. Windows: genesis 13

8. Windows: development 14

9. Windows: production progression 16

10. Mac advantages 18

11. Mac disadvantages 19

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12. Windows advantages 20

13. Windows disadvantages 21

14. Comparision 22

15. Conclusion 23

16. Bibliography 24

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OPERATING SYSTEM

An operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data, that runs on computers and manages the computer hardware and provides common services for efficient execution of various application software.

For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware, but will frequently call the OS or be interrupted by it.

Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer—from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.

Examples of popular modern operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and GNU/Linux.

An operating system consists of many parts. One of the most important components is the kernel, which controls low-level processes that the average user usually cannot see: it controls how memory is read and written, the order in which processes are executed, how information is received and sent by devices like the monitor, keyboard and mouse.

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Mac OS: genesis

On January 24, 1984, Apple Computer Inc. (now Apple Inc.) introduced the Macintosh personal computer, with the Macintosh 128K model, which came bundled with what was later renamed the Mac OS operating system, but then known simply as the System Software.The Macintosh is often credited with popularizing the graphical user interface. The Mac OS has been pre-installed on almost every Macintosh computer sold.

The operating system is also sold separately at Apple retail stores, and online. The original Macintosh system software was partially based on the Lisa OS.

previously released by Apple for the Lisa computer in 1983 and, as part of an agreement allowing Xerox to buy shares in Apple at a favorable rate, it also used concepts from the Xerox PARC Xerox Alto, which Steve Jobs and several other Macintosh team members had previewed.

The first version of the Mac OS (simply called System) is easily distinguished between other operating systems from the same period because it does not use a command line interface.

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Mac OS: development

system 1,2,3,4:

These releases could only run one application at a time, though special application shells such as Servant, MultiMac, or Switcher (discussed under MultiFinder) could work around this to some extent. System 1.0, 1.1, and 2.0 used a flat file system with only one kludged level of folders, called Macintosh File System (MFS); its support for folders (subdirectories) was incomplete.

System 2.0 added support for AppleTalk and the newly introduced LaserWriter to use it. System 2.1 (Finder 5.0) introduced the HFS (Hierarchical File System) which had real directories. This version was specifically to support the Hard Disk 20 and only implemented HFS in RAM, startup and most floppy disks remained MFS 400 K volumes.

System 3.0 was introduced with the Mac Plus, officially implementing HFS and 800K startup drives and adding support for several new technologies including SCSI and AppleShare and introducing Trash "bulging" (i.e., when the Trash contained files, it would gain a bulged appearance). System 4.0 came with the Mac SE and Macintosh II, which required additional support for the first expansion slots, the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB), internal hard drives and on the Mac II, color, larger displays and the first Motorola 68020 processor.

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Changes in early Macintosh operating systems are best reflected in the version number of the Finder, where major leaps are found between 1.x, 4.x, 5.x, and 6.x.

System Software 5 (also referred to as simply System 5) added MultiFinder, an extension which let the system run several programs at once.

System Software 6 (also referred to simply as System 6) was a consolidation release of the Mac OS, producing a complete, stable, and long-lasting operating system.

On May 13, 1991, System 7 was released. It was a major upgrade to the Mac OS, adding a significant user interface overhaul, new applications, stability improvements and many new features.

Mac OS 8 was released on July 26, 1997, shortly after Steve Jobs returned to the company. It was mainly released to keep the Mac OS moving forward during a difficult time for Apple.

Apple sold 1.2 million copies of Mac OS 8 in its first two weeks of availability and 3 million within six months. In light of Apple's financial difficulties at the time, there was a large grassroots movement among Mac users to upgrade and 'help save Apple'.

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MAC OS X

Mac OS is the line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. which succeeded the original Mac OS, which had been Apple's primary operating system since 1984. Unlike the earlier Macintosh operating system, Mac OS X is a Unix-based operating system built on technology developed at NeXT from the second half of the 1980s until early 1997, when Apple purchased the company.

The first version was Mac OS X Server 1.0 in 1999, which retained the earlier Mac operating system's "platinum" appearance and even resembled OPENSTEP in places. The desktop-oriented version, Mac OS X, followed in March 2001 sporting the new Aqua user interface. Since then, six more distinct "end-user" and "server" versions have been released. In the fall of 2011, Mac OS 10.7 is expected to be released as Lion, with new features like the Mac App store, Launch Pad, and Mission Control.Releases of Mac OS X are named after big cats. For example, Apple calls Mac OS 10.5 "Leopard", while its previous release was called "Tiger".

Versions of Mac OS X:

Mac OS 10 (Cheetah) Mac OS 10.1 (Puma) Mac OS 10.2 (Jaguar) Mac OS 10.3 (Panther) Mac OS 10.4 (Tiger) Mac OS 10.5 (Leopard) Mac OS 10.6 (Snow Leopard) Mac OS 10.7 (Lion)

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Mac OS Features

The graphical user interface of Mac OS X is called Aqua. This includes the look and feel, behavior, and integration of GUI elements. The GUI application environments of Mac OS X, Carbon, Cocoa, and Java, all support Aqua. Classic does not, and Mac OS 9 applications running under Classic look like they did on Mac OS 9. Finally, Mac OS X includes an optimized X Window server, including a native Aqua window manager (quartz-wm) that lets you run X11 applications alongside native Aqua programs. quartz-wm provides Aqua window controls, drop shadows, etc. However, the X11 application's own look and feel will be the one provided by the particular X11 toolkit being used.

Mac OS X makes a very good attempt at keeping various data and information organized by context, rather than having files strewn all over the place. System and Application "preferences" can be global (system-wide) or per-user, and are kept organized as such.

Apple's iLife suite (iDVD, iMovie, iPhoto, iTunes, and GarageBand) are quite possibly the best applications you can get bundled with any operating system.

Mac OS X includes various security features, services, and APIs (including what's available on typical *nix systems), such as those for controlling/managing passwords, certificates, public/private keys, application-level privileged operations (capabilities), trust policies, etc. Mac OS X supports Kerberos, OpenSSL, and PAM as well.

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WINDOWS

Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating systems and graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Microsoft first introduced an operating environment named Windows in November 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984.

 The most recent client version of Windows is Windows 7; the most recent server version is Windows Server 2008 R2; the most recent mobile OS version is Windows Phone 7.

The most recent client version of Windows is Windows 7; the most recent server version is Windows Server 2008 R2; the most recent mobile OS version is Windows Phone 7.

Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computermarket, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. As of October 2009, Windows had approximately 91% of the market share of the client operating systems for usage on the Internet.

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WINDOWS : genesis

n 1983, Microsoft announced the development of Windows, a graphical user interface (GUI) for its own operating system (MS-DOS), which had shipped for IBM PC and compatible computers since 1981.

The product line has changed from a GUI product to a modern operating system over two families of design, each with its own codebase and default file system.

The 3.x and 4.x family includes MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me. The DOS-based Windows for Workgroups 3.11 achieved the breakthrough from 16- to 32-bit networking and 32-bit disk access. The notable change with Windows 95 was from Program Manager to Explorer, but several os-components were rewritten and/or recompiled into 32-bit code for Windows 95.

Windows NT family started with NT 3.1 in 1993. Modern Windows operating system versions are based on the newer Windows NT kernel that was originally intended for OS/2. Windows runs on IA-32, x86-64, and Itanium processors. Earlier versions also ran on the Alpha, MIPS, Fairchild Clipper, and PowerPC architectures. Some work was done to port it to the SPARC architecture.

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DEVELOPMENT OF WINDOWS

The first independent version of Microsoft Windows, version 1.0, released on 20 November 1985, achieved little popularity.

Microsoft Windows version 2 came out on 9 December 1987, and proved slightly more popular than its predecessor. Much of the popularity for Windows 2.0 came by way of its inclusion as a "run-time version" with Microsoft's Excel and Word for Windows.

Microsoft Windows scored a significant success with Windows 3.0, released in 1990. In addition to improved capabilities given to native applications.

Windows also allowed users to better multitask older MS-DOS based software compared to Windows/386, thanks to the introduction of virtual memory.

In response to the impending release of OS/2 2.0, Microsoft developed Windows 3.1, which included several minor improvements to Windows 3.0 (such as display of TrueType scalable fonts, developed jointly with Apple), but primarily consisted of bugfixes and multimedia support. It also excluded support for Real mode, and only ran on an 80286.

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Microsoft marketing adopted Windows 95 as the product name for Chicago when it was released on August 24, 1995.

On 25 June 1998, Microsoft released Windows 98 (code-named Memphis). It included new hardware drivers and better support for the FAT32 file system which allows support for disk partitions larger than the 2 GB maximum accepted by Windows 95.

In September 2000, Microsoft introduced Windows Me (Millennium Edition), which upgraded Windows 98 with enhanced multimedia and Internet features from Windows 2000.

In 2001, Microsoft released Windows XP (code named "Whistler"). The merging of the Windows NT/2000 and Windows 95/98/Me lines was finally achieved with Windows XP.

Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006 to business customers, consumer versions following on January 30, 2007.

Windows 7 is the current major release after Windows Vista and was planned for a three-year development timeframe.It was previously known by the code-names Blackcomb and Vienna.

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.

Windows product progression

Windows 1.0 Windows 2.0 Windows 2.1 aka Windows/286 and Windows/386 Windows 3.0 Windows 3.1 Windows 3.11

Windows 9x

Windows 4.0 (Windows 95) Windows 4.1 (Windows 98) Windows 4.9 (Windows Millennium Edition)Windows NT

Windows NT 3.1 Windows NT 3.51 Windows NT 4.0 Windows NT 5.0 (Windows 2000) Windows NT 5.1 (Windows XP) Windows NT 5.2 (Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP

Professional x64 Edition) Windows NT 6.0 (Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008) Windows NT 6.1 (Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2) Windows 7 (Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012)

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pg. 17

Mac advantages

Security. Apple computers are much more secure than Windows PCs. Viruses, adware and malware designed for a Windows-based processor simply will not run on a Mac. The main reason for this is simply that there are much fewer Macs in use. People who make malicious software want to have it spread to as many people as possible and designing a virus for a Mac simply will not accomplish this.

Reliability. The people who make Mac software are the same people who make the Mac hardware. While Windows programmers have to take into account nearly infinite variations in hardware, Mac OS is designed to be used on a very limited amount of computers: those built by Apple. The software is designed specifically to run on the hardware. This means that the operating system is much more stable.

Macs are convenient. Do you own an iPod? An iPhone? Do you listen to music with iTunes? Do you appreciate how simple, elegant and easy to use these products are? Apple applies all of the things you like about these products to their computers. Yes, there will be a time of adjustment to using Mac OS, but once you are used to it, you will love it.

Advanced technology. The current generation of Macbook Pros feature LED monitors, multi-touch mouse trackpad and a CNC machined aluminum case. Desktop Mac Pros feature up to 8 core

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processors (yes, eight) and up to 4 TB of storage (TB=Terabyte). Thats four thousand (4000) GB.

Mac Disadvantages

They’re only more secure because fewer people use them. If everybody used Macs, there would be a lot more viruses and malware for them. If Apple computers became more popular, they would become less secure.

Cannot be upgraded/customized. There are upgrade options when you buy a Mac, but unlike a Windows PC, you cannot mix and match components. The easiest way to upgrade a Mac is to buy a new one.

Price. Macs are very expensive. Even the cheapest laptop costs $999.99. Windows machines cost as little as $500.

Playing games requires Windows. There are very few games available for the Mac. If you are a gamer, a Mac is probably not the best choice. You could run Bootcamp, but if you are going to spend most of your time on a Mac running Windows, you have to ask yourself if it is worth it. Another option (and the one I have taken) is to play games on a video game console, such as a PS3 or Wii, and simply use your computer for computing.

It requires adjustment. It’s a Windows-based world. Most people are used to using Windows. Changing to a Mac requires that you get used to a number of differences. Some people are simply not willing to make that change.

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WINDOWS ADVANTAGES

Many option for computer designing is available in windows.

Windows is very easy to understand.

Many software choices are given in the various versions of the windows.

Many program trials are included in windows.

Most of the windows products are relatively cheaper.

Being a widely used operating system, windows always manages to solve the problems occurred in it via software experts.

Newer version of windows is equipted with high quality security system.

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Windows disadvantages

Programs are interconnected, which might be the factor behind deadlock problems and several other system crashing.

Many times if systems fail to respond, force quitting is done; which is a big problem

This problem is very harmful when security programs which are big in size is crashed.

Slow to update their software.

In recent years only some of the features are changed from windows xp to vista to latest version windows 7.

No major creations in many years.

Hard to get proper technical support.

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Comparision

Component

Mac Windows Edge

Operating system

Easy to understand

Very good , but OSX is better

MAC

Exterior design

best Overall not much good

MAC

Core hardware

Limited options

Wide variety

WINDOWS

Integrated accessories

Normally given

Sometimes given

MAC

Price too high low WINDOWS

Support Limited warranty

Better warranty

WINDOWS

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Conclusion

Early versions of mac os were never as successful as windows(though mac os came before windows).

After that the windows enjoyed monopoly in the market.

In terms of features & technical efficiency, Latest products of the both are neck-to-neck with one another.

But, windows still has larger market share.

The main reason behind the huge difference is the apple’s marketing strategy.

Apple draws its customer base from a higher-income demographic than the mainstream personal computer market.

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Bibliography

1. Wikipedia.org

2. Osxbook.com

3. Apple.com

4. Microsoft.com

5. Apple notebooks references

pg. 24