lI .Hl FEBRUARY 24, 1950

i MESONS PRODUCED BYTHE CYCLOTRON

EUGENE GARDNER ETAL.

COOPERATIVE COMMITTEE FOR THETEACHING OF SCIENCE

K. LARK-HOROVITZ

TECHNICAL PAPERSCOMMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONSTHE CASE AGAINST

THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

NEWS AND NOTES

COMPLETE TABLE OF CONTENTS ON PAGE 3VOLUME 111, NUMBER 2778

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE

ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

9

M-PME

me 9

am so 9Owl.offlol.WOR5

Scientist in Merck & Co.'s Research and Develop- conjunction with use of Wenner Potentiometerment Division is watching galvanometer scale in in measurement of molecular weight.

Merck uses Wenner Potentiometerin measuring molecular weights

Merck & Co. chemists determine molecularweights of vitamins, hormones, antibiotics, andother organic substances by the exacting "boilingpoint elevation method". Precision of this deter-mination depends upon the accuracy with whichminute temperature differences can be measured.To obtain the ultimate in precision, therefore, theMerck laboratory uses a Wenner thermocouplepotentiometer. With this instrument Merck re-searchers obtain temperature difference measure-ments consistent to within ±0.0002 C.

The Wenner Potentiometer is the ideal instru-ment for making these highly precise measurementsof minute voltage. On its low range the instrumentis calibrated from 0 to 11,111 microvolts, in stepsof 0.1 microvolt, and has a limit of error of onlyi (0.01% + 0.1 microvolt).For a description of the instrument, see Cat.

EH22-33A(1). Write Leeds & Northrup Co., 4926Stenton Ave., Phila. 44, Pa.

NSTRUMENTS TELEMETERS AUTOMATIC CONTROLS ESAT-TREATING RNACES

Jrl. Ad EH22-33A-242(1a)

February 24, 1950, VoL 111 1

What GENERtAL ELECTRIC People are Saying

C. H. LANG,Vice PresidentDISTRIBUTION: There's a notion that distribu-tion adds nothing to the product. Engineers,who do add a lot of value to the product, areparticularly susceptible to this fallacy. But it'sjust a matter of basic economics.

Production adds one value to the product:form utility. It gives raw materials a usefulform.

Distribution, on the other hand, adds tworecognized economic values: place and timeutility.

For example, fuel oil in the refinery has beengiven form utility-it will burn efficiently. Butit takes distributors and salesmen and advertis-ing men and accountants and truck drivers toget the oil into your fuel tank at home-placeutility-when the cold weather arrives-timeutility. And anyone who has caught a coldduring a temporary shortage of fuel oil will tellyou that this time and place utility is part andparcel of the product's final value.

American Society of Mechanical Engineers,New York City,

November 30, 1949

*

D. W. HALFHILL,Apparatus DepartmentRECORDING SYSTEM: The need for an adaptablerecording system capable of remotely register-ing nonelectrical, as well as electrical, quantitieshas long been realized. Though individual re-cording problems have been solved in specificcases and with varying degrees of success, asingle device adaptable to the recording ofmany different entities such as pressure, elec-trical quantities, temperature, and mechanicalmotion has not been readily available.An answer to many of these problems may be

found in a recording system recently developedfor a flight-recorder program which requiredthat barometric altitude and vertical accelera-tion forces be logged continuously by passen-ger-carrying airplanes. A number of unusualfeatures have been included in this recordingsystem which may prove useful outside thefield ef aviation.

The inherent flexibility of the system allowsthe recording of almost any quantity, merelyby attaching appropriate primary detectors. . .Because its light, sturdy construction permitsthe system to be used where other devices fail,successful operation is found in marine use, onsurface vehicles, and in aircraft. Other usesmay be found in industry, where an adaptablerecording device has been needed for some time.

General Electric Review,November, 1949

*E. E. CHARLTON,Research LaboratoryMEDICAL ELECTRONICS: In the operating room,as well as in general diagnosis, is there not aneed for an electronic stethoscope with greatlyincreased sensitivity over the ordinary stetho-scope? The surgeon should have instant andcontinuous knowledge of the heart action of hispatient while on the operating table. He is nowdependent on observations made with the or-dinary stethoscope or by simple feeling of thepulse-observations which cannot be madecontinuously by the busy anesthetist. In addi-tion it may happen that the heart action be-comes so weak that its observation is difficultwith present instruments . . .

A small microphone taped to the patientpicks up the heart beat and modulates a smallradio transmitter. The anesthetist carries onhis person a miniature receiver which activatesa sound reproducer of the bone-conductiontype. (Use of the bone-conduction type ispreferable in order not to diminish the normalhearing capacity of the anesthetist.) Also apermanent recording of the heart action duringthe operating period could aid the anesthetist toobserve slow variations in the heart action andvariations in heart-beat intensity.

6th Inter-American Congress of Surgery,Chicago,

October 21, 1949

GENERAL@ ELECTRIC

February 24j,1950,, Vol. 111 SCIENCE. 1

2 SCEC eray2,15,Vl 1

Texts That Help You Teach EffectivelyGRIBBLE

Comparative Anatomy Laboratory Manual

A new text for use in either a one- or two-semester course.

Contains more information than the average manual. Inclusionof unlabeled drawings permits the student to spend all of histime dissecting and studying specimens rather than in the time-consuming drawing details. Studies the frog, carp, alligator,pigeon, bat, seal, cat, sheep, dogfish, amphioxus, turtle, nectarus,chicken, and woodcock -all from a novel and interesting point ofview. (An especially fine chapter on anomalies, based on 18years observation of the cat, will impress upon the student theneed for painstaking dissection and constant alertness to

deviations from the norm.)41 Plates, 232 Pages, $3.00

COLIN

Elements of GeneticsA textbook on genetics with special emphasisupon the application of the principles of Mendel-ian heredity to man and the roles played byheredity and environment. College students inbiology taking lecture and laboratory courses ingenetics will find that the interest and effective-ness of the book have been greatly enhanced bynumerous new illustrations.

90 IUstrations, 402 Pages, $3.50

LILLIE

Histopathologic TechnicAn authentic book of procedures, methods anddetailed laboratory directions which integratesmany important recent advances with workablemethods on unusual subjects as well as those infrequent use. Improvements and modificationsof some standard methods have also been madein the interest of greater accuracy and to expe-dite findings.

Numerous Tables, 300 Pages, $4.75

STILES

Handbook of Microscopic Characteristics of Tissues and OrgansThis book helps students in the rapid recognition of tissues, and is widely used as a supplementary text, laboratorymanual, and teacher's handbook for review. New Sections on the cell, mitosis, development of bone, oral cavity,teeth, hair, etc., are included. New analytical illustrations and a glossary have also been inserted.

33 Illustrations, 214 Pages, $1.75

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Stile's Handbook of Microscopic Characteristics of Tissues and OrgansColin's Elements of Genetics 0 Lillie's Histopathologic Technic

NAME ADDRESS __

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SCIENCE February 24, 1950, Vol. 1112

1a

3

A

SCIENCE George A. BaitVol. 111 No. 2878 Friday, February 24, 1950 Lorin J. Mullir

F. A. Mc

Table of Contents

Mesons Produced by the Cyclotron:Eugene Gardner et al 191

The Cooperative Committee for the TeachingofScience:K. Lark-Horovitz ..................... .............. 197

Technical PapersMacromolecular Arrangement withinMuscle: Councilman Morgan et al. ..... 201

Synthesis of Greatly Enriched HD:Francis J. Norton ............ .... .. 202

A Study of the Albumin and Globulin Contentin Postpartum Plasma and Its Use inRheumatoid Arthritis: Louis W. Granirer 204

The Action of Pectinase Solutions onSections of Acetone-fixed Human Tissues:A Preliminary Note: J. F. A. McManus

andJ.C. Saunders ............ ......................... 204

The Action of Radioactive Phosphorus inDrosophila:Johanna Blumel ..................................... S205

Chlorophyll Formation in Potato Tubers asAffected by Temperature and Time:

EjnarC. Larsen ........... .......................... 206

Comments and CommunicationsThe Case Against The National ScienceFoundation; Nucleotide Content of

Bacteriophage Genetic Units ................................... 208

News and Notes .211

Science, a weekly journal founded in 1880, is publishedeach Friday by the American Association for the Advance-ment of Science at the Business Press, .10 McIGovern Ave.,Lancaster, Pa. Editorial and Advertising Offices, 1515 Massa-chusetts Ave., N.Y., Washington 5, D. C. Telephone, Execu-tive 6060. Cable address, SCIMAG, Washington, D. C.Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Lancaster,Pa., January 13, 1948, under the Act of March 3, 1879.Acceptance for mailing at the special rate postage providedfor in the Act of February 28, 1925, embodied in Paragraph(d-2) Section 34.40 P.L. & R. of 1948.Manuscripts submitted for publication should be sent to the

Editorial Office, with stamped, self-addressed envelope en-closed for possible return. The AAAS assumes no responsi-bility for the safety of the manuscripts or for the opinionsexpressed by contributors.Annual *subscription, $7.50; single copies, $.25; foreign

postage, outside the Pan-American Union, $1.00; Canadian

postage, $.50. Remittances and orders for subscriptions andsingle copies should be sent to the Circulation Department,Science, 1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C.Membership correspondence for the AAAS should be addressedto the Administrative Secretary at the same address.

Change of address. Four weeks' notice is required forchange of address. This should be sent to Science Recorder,1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Whenordering a change, it is necessary to furnish an address stencillabel from a recent issue. Claims for a missing number willnot be allowed if received more than 60 days from date ofissue. No claims allowed from subscribers due to failure tonotify the Circulation Department of a change of address orbecause an issue is missing from their files, or for any reasonfrom subscribers in Central Europe, Asia, or the PacifiyIslands (other than Hawaii).The AAAS also publishes The Scientific Monthly. Subscrip-

tion rates on request.

AS EDITORIAL BOARDIrma Eapire June 30, 1950)Itsell H. Bentley Glass

Karl Lark-Horovitzns Malcolm H. SouleHoward A. Meyerhoff

Chairman

Beth WilsonExecutive Editor of Science

oulton, Advertising Representative

4 SCIENCE February 24, 1950, Vol. 111

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February 24, 1.5O, Vol 111

THE TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS. Research PapersEdited by GLENN T. SEABORG, University of California. JOSEPH J. KATZ and WINSTON M.MANNING, Argonne National Laboratory. National Nuclear Energy Series. PlutoniumProject -Record. Division IV. Volume 14B. 1778 pages, two parts (not sold separately),$15.00

This work consists of more than 150 original papers dealing with the transuranium elements andcognate topics. The papers are devoted to the four known transuranium elements: neptunium.plutonium, americium, and curium. There are several papers concerning radium, actinium.thorium, protactinium, and uranium, which are included for reference convenience.

PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRYBy JAMES ENGLISH, JR. and HAROLD G. CASSIDY, Yale University. International ChemicalSeries. 512 pages, $5.00

basic text for the standard undergraduate course, this book presents a selected body of factualand theoretical material, and shows how this carefully chosen material, the result of experiment,is used in the development and practice of the science. An integrated modern treatment has beenused throughout, incorporating electronic theories so as to unify the discussion of all topics. Alarge number of challenging problems are included.

ATOMIC PHYSICSBy WOLFGANG, FINKELNBURG, Fort Belvoir, Virginia. International Series in Pure and Ap-plied Physics. In press

This well-known text covers the whole field of nuclear, atomic, molecular, and solid-state physicsfrom the atomistic point of view, starting at a relatively low level and leading the reader to anunderstanding of all important empirical facts and theories and to a realization of the unsolvedproblems and trends of present-day research.

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Covering both classical and modern physics, this important new text develops principles from thebeginning and makes extensive use of the calculus throughout. Among the topics discussed arerubberlike elasticity, jet propulsion, meteorology, the heat pump, mechanical impedance, Kepler'slaws of planetary motion, man-made satellites, atomic structure, radar, nuclear reactions, etc.

INTRODUCTION TO NEUROPATHOLOGYBy SAMUEL P. HICKS, M.D. and SHIELDS WARREN, M.D., Departments of Pathology ofthe Harvard Medical School and the New England Deaconess Hospital. 475 pages, $10.00

This profusely illustrated volume of the fundamentals of neuropathology presents a new ap-proach to the mechanisms, dynamic sequences, and pathologic physiology of disease processes innervous tissues. The authors treat the special features of nervous disease together with the basicprinciples of the disease processes in general pathology.

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SCIENCE 7February 24, 1950, Vol. 111

SCIII.NCE February 24, 1950, Vol. 111

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