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Lucifer
ThetitlecharacterfromthecoverofLucifer#16,artistChristopherMoeller.
PublicationinformationPublisher DCComics
Firstappearance TheSandman#4(April1989)
Createdby NeilGaimanSamKieth
In-storyinformationAlterego Samael
Species Fallenangel
Placeoforigin HeavenLucifer'sCreationHell
Teamaffiliations TheTriumvirateofHellHostofHeavenLokiVariouscharacterswhoarewillingtostrikeadealwithhim
Partnerships Mazikeen
Supportingcharacterof
TheLilim,ElaineBelloc,Gaudium,Duma,Spera
Notablealiases LuciferMorningstarTheLightbringerSatanLordofLiesTheDevilPrinceoftheEastTheMorningstarSunlighterofGodTheAdversary
Abilities Nigh-OmnipotenceNigh-OmniscienceImmortalityIndomitableWill
Lucifer(DCComics)FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
LuciferMorningstarisaDCComicscharacterappearingprimarilyasasupportingcharacterinthecomicbookseriesTheSandmanandasthetitlecharacterofaspin-off,bothpublishedundertheVertigoimprint.
ThoughvariousdepictionsofLucifer–theBiblicalfallenangelandDeviloftheAbrahamicreligions–havebeenpresentedbyDCComicsintheirrun,thisinterpretationbyNeilGaimandebutedinTheSandmanin1989.LikemanymoderninterpretationsofSatan,DC'sLuciferowesmuchtothecharacter'sportrayalinJohnMilton'sepicpoemParadiseLost,thoughGaimanadaptsthecharactertofitthefictionalDCUniversewheretheircomicsareset,wherethecharacterexistsalongsidesuperheroesanddeitiesfrommultiplereligions.
Later,thecharacteracquiredanongoingLuciferspin-offserieswrittenbyMikeCarey,depictinghisadventuresonEarth,Heaven,andinthevariousotherrealmsofhisfamily'screationsandinuncreatedvoidsafterabandoningHellintheSandmanseries.[1]LuciferalsoappearsasasupportingcharacterinissuesofTheDemon,TheSpectre,andotherDCUniversecomics.Twoangels,severaldemons,ahuman,andbrieflySuperman[2]havetakenhisplaceasrulerofHell.
In2010,IGNnamedLuciferasthe68thgreatestcomicbookvillainofalltime.[3]
Contents1Fictionalcharacterbiography
1.1Sandmancontinuity1.2Soloseries1.3TheNew52
2Powersandabilities3Otherversions4Collectededitions
4.1Paperback4.2Reprinteditions
5TVAdaptation6References7Externallinks
FictionalcharacterbiographySandmancontinuity
IntheearlierrelatedseriesTheSandman,writtenbyNeilGaiman,LuciferabandonedhislordshipoverHell.WhileLuciferhadpreviouslyappearedinvariousstereotypicalguisesinearlierDCbooks,Gaiman'sversionwaspremisedonEnglishpoetandprosewriterJohnMilton'sParadiseLost(atGaiman'srequestoftheartist,LuciferlookslikeDavidBowieatthetime).[4]IntheSandmanseries,LuciferhadruledasLordofHellfor10,000,000,000yearsafterrebellingthreesecondsafterCreation.Overthattime,hehadmanipulatedthevariousdemonsofHellagainsteachother,providedaplacefordeadmortalstobetormented,andledthewaragainstHeaven.
However,atsomepointduringhisrule,hehadbecomeboredwithhisexistence.HebecametiredofthevariousstereotypesandprejudicesthatmortalsheldoftheDevil,suchastheideathathepurchasedandtradedforsouls,whichwerelargelyuntrue,andthatheforcedmortalstocommitevilacts.HehadbecometiredofhisreignoverHell,andfeltitanunfairpunishmentthatheshouldhavetorulethereforeversimplybecauseheoncerebelled.IntheSandmanstory"SeasonofMists",LuciferexpelsalldemonsanddamnedsoulsfromHellbeforelockingHell'sgatesandhandingoverthekeytoHelltoDreamoftheEndless,thetitlecharacteroftheSandmanseries.Eventually,controlofHellwashandedovertotwoangels,Duma(theangelofsilence)andRemiel("setoverthosewhorise"),whileLucifersimplyretiredtoEarth,initiallytoPerth,WesternAustralia[5]
andlatertoLosAngeles,California.[6]
Bytheendoftheseries,however,itisrevealedthatHellwasnotapunishment,butagift:beingthefurthestpossibleplacefromGod,LucifercouldtheoreticallybefreefrompredestinationandGod'somniscience.However,thisturnedouttobealie,asGodcontinuedtostudybothLuciferandMichaelDemiurgosduringallofeternity(whichpartlyexplainshowLuciferfeltcheatedbyhisfatherandsimplyleftHellintosomeoneelse'scare).LucifernevercreatedthephysicalfeaturesofHell-Hellcreateditselfaroundhim.
Soloseries
Luciferwasthemaincharacterinaneponymousseriesthatranfor75issuesandtheLucifer:Nirvanaone-shot,fromJune2000toAugust2006,theentirerunofwhichwaswrittenbyMikeCarey.(Thisserieswasprecededby1999'sCarey-pennedTheSandmanPresents:Luciferminiseries.)Careydescribedthebookasbeing"autobiographical",insomuchasLuciferissomuchtheoppositeoftheauthorandallhumanitythathe"defines[us]innegative":toCarey,theessenceofthecharacterwas:
Weplaysafe.Mostofusdo,mostofthetime...butLuciferdoesn'tknowthemeaningofsafe,andheneverbotherstolookdownatthetramlines.Hegoeswhereverthehellhelikes,pickshisfightswherehefindsthemandgenerallywins...following[his]ownwilland[his]owninstinctstotheveryendoftheline,nomatterwhattheobstaclesare.[7]
Intheseries,Luciferrunsapianobar(anelementintroducedintheSandmanstory"TheKindlyOnes")called"Lux"inLosAngeles,withtheassistanceofhisfemaleconsort,MazikeenwhoisaLilim,oneoftheracedescendedfromLilith.Luciferisportrayedasasophisticatedandcharmingman,inaccordancewiththestereotypicalgentleman-devil.[1]
ThethemeoftheLuciferseriesrevolvesaroundthefree-willproblem.Carey'sLuciferisafigurerepresentingwillandindividualwillpower,whochallengesthe"tyrannyofpredestination".WhileinHeaven'seyesthisisblasphemy,Luciferpointsoutthattherebellion(andindeedallsin)anddamnationasconsequencewerepre-plannedbyhisCreator,God.LuciferrejectsGod'sruleandmoralphilosophyastyrannicalandunjust.Theviolent,aggressive,totalitarian,vengeful,anddictatorialaspectsofHeaven'srulearerepresentedmostlybytheArchangelAmenadiel,whohasaparticularhatredofLuciferandleadsattacksofvariouskindsagainsthim.Theattacksincludeverbalcriticism,marshalingthehostofHeaven,aswellaschallenginghimtoindividualcombat-almostallofitwithouttheslightestcareforthecountlessinnocent,unwillingandunwittingvictimsheismorethanwillingtosacrificeforhisownpride.Forhispart,LuciferdisdainsAmenadiel,treatingthelatter'semotionaloutburstswithcontempt,andrepeatedlydefeatsAmenadiel'sassaultswithwell-orchestrated,hiddenplans.Ironically,however,itisoftendifficulttodiscernwhenLuciferactsasaslavetopredestinationandwhenheeffectivelyactsaccordingtohisownfreewill.
ElaboratecodesofconductandschemesofentrapmentbasedonthesecodesarevitalelementsoftheDC\Vertigomagicaluniverse.Luciferappearsasamasterofthesearts.InanencounterduringthefirstSandmanstoryarc(aroundissue#5)aweakenedDreamoutsmartsLucifer.LuciferfirstswearsrevengeonDream,butlatercomestoacceptDream'scritiqueofhisroleandprojectasLordofHell.ThisinspiresLucifer'sabdication,avitalelementoftheSandmansaga,andthepointofdeparturefortheLuciferseries.[1]
ForLucifer,hiswordisbond.AsDavidEasterman,acharacterwhoseeshimselfasavictimofLucifer,putsit:
WhentheDevilwantsyoutodosomething,hedoesn'tlieatall.Hetellsyoutheexact,literaltruth.AndheletsyoufindyourownwaytoHell.[8]
Despitehistheologicaltitleasthe"LordofLies",refusaltolieiscentraltothemoralpositionofthecharacter-heseeshimselfasaneutraloramoralfacilitatorofforceswithinindividuals,andLuciferactivelyandeffectivelycombatswhatheregardsascorruptingmoralcodes.Whileheavoidslying,hismoralityseldomextendstocompassion,withLuciferregardingthesacrificeofmillionsofsoulsasunimportantcollateraldamage,withtherebeingfew,ifany,beingsherespectsandevenfewerforwhomhecares.
Astheseriesopenedin2000,Lucifer's"restful"retirementwasdisturbedbyaseriesofassociatesfromhispast.Aftervariouscatalyticevents,heendeavoredtocreateauniverseincompetitionwith(andpresumablyagainstthewishesof)hisfather,Yahweh.Thisputshimonacollisioncoursewithseveralpowerfulmysticalentitiesthathaveavestedinterestinthenewcreationanddrawstheangelichostintothefray-includinghisbrother,thearchangelMichaelDemiurgos,andhisniece,ElaineBelloc.
TheseriesparalleledTheSandmaninseveralways,withepicfantasystoriesbeingtoldinarcsseparatedbyone-shotepisodesdepictingasmaller,morepersonaltale.UnlikeTheSandman,theserieshashadaconsistentartteaminPeterGrossandRyanKelly,withmostoftheoddissuesillustratedbyDeanOrmston.Thetitle's50thissuewaspenciledbyP.CraigRussell,anhomagetoTheSandman#50.Structurally,theseriesmostlyfollowsitsownpath.Numerousgodsappear,withgreaterfocusonJudeo-Christianreligion(asviewedbyJohnMiltoninParadiseLost),Japanese,andNordicmythologythaninSandman.AsfortheEndlessthemselves,Dream,Death,Delirium,andDestinyappear,buttheirappearancesaresmallandrare.Destiny,perhaps,playsthebiggestroleinsofarasherepresentspredestination,whichLuciferofcoursefinds"offensiveasaconcept,"statingthatLuciferknowsDestinyis"reallyjustaSIDEeffectof[Lucifer's]FATHER,orrather,hisdeterministicAPPROACHtotheactofcreation."
CoverartistsincludedDuncanFegredo,ChristopherMoellerandMikeKaluta.Thelettersareinconsistent,withthefirsthalfoftheseriescarryingparticularlyestablishedfontsofGaudium,MichaelandGod,onlytodropalmostallofthem,saveLucifer's,towardstheendwithnumerouschangesintheletterers.
TheseriesendedinJune2006withissue#75andhasthusfarbeencollectedinelevenbooks,withastandalonestory(Lucifer:Nirvana)publishedasasmallergraphicnovel.Theseries'parenttitle,TheSandman,alsoranfor75issues.
WhenLuciferventuresoutsideCreation,heseessomethingresemblingthecomicspagesthemselves.IntheendoftheLuciferstoryarc,GodandtheDevilarenolongerpartoftheuniverse,andaformerhuman(ElaineBelloc)isinsteadpresidingoverit.NewconceptsforHeavenandHellarecreated,inspiredandinfluencedbyotherhumanorsuperhumancharactersinthestory.ThenewsituationisdescribedonseveraloccasionsbythefallencherubsGaudiumandSpera.Inessence,itis"growingup",i.e.,theneedtofindone'sowntruthandvalueswithoutbeingdirectedbyparents,elders,teachers,authorityfigures,etc.
TheNew52
TheNew52reinterpretationofLuciferismuchmoreinfluencedbytraditionalJudeo-Christiantheology.Heisdepictedasamalevolent,sadistic,andcunningfallenangelwhoistherulerofHellandseekstopossesshumansouls.HeisheldwithgreatrespectandfearbythedenizensofHell,whoserveandobeyhimlikeaking.LuciferhimselfhoweverismostlyboredwithhisexistencewhenthegroupknownastheDemonKnightsarecapturedbyhimduringtheearlyMiddleAges,andpassesthetimebyfindingsmallamusements,suchaswatchingthestrugglesandfallsofEtrigantheDemon.
LucifermadeamorephysicalappearanceinI...Vampire#19afterbeingtippedbyJohnConstantineindestroyingCain.LuciferimmediatelysentencesCainanddragshimtoHell.ThoughabeingclaimingtobehimhasappearedinthemodernageofDCtotheheroDeadman,thecurrentwhereaboutsandstatusofLuciferremainunknown.
PowersandabilitiesLuciferpossessesnigh-omnipotentsupernaturalpower;hecanshapethematterofCreationintoanythinghecanimagine,includingmatter,energy,andmoreabstractconceptssuchastime.[9]However,hedoeshavecertainlimitationsasheisstillacreationofGod.Hecannotcreatesomethingoutofnothing,unlikehisfatherorbrother.Insomeways,thismakeshimthemostdisadvantaged,thoughnottheweakest,ofthearchangelichost.Heneedsexistingmatter(andwherethatisunavailable,theDemiurgicpoweroftheArchangelMichael)toprovidethefoundationforhimtoshape.Onlyhisbrother,thearchangelMichaelDemiurgos,ishisequalinpowerandonlyGod,hiscreatorandfather,ishissuperior.However,incertaindimensions,heispowerlessandhismobilityislimitedwithouthisangelicwings.Hemaychoosetotemporarilyabandonhispowers,includinghisimmortality.InthestorytitledLilith,itisimpliedthatGodcoulddestroyhimatHisownwhim-whichmakesLucifersometimeswonderwhyHehasn'tdealtwithhimalready.
Heisneverwithouttheformidableresourcesofhisbrilliant,nigh-omniscientintellectandhisunbendingwillorinnerstrength,whichallowedhimtodefyandconfronthisfather,AlmightyGod,withoutfearordoubt.AlthoughLucifer'sovertexerciseofpowerislimitedinthebooks,ifheisprovokedtoviolence,hispreferenceseemstobetousefireasaweapon.Hisoriginalrolewasas"God'slamplighter",inwhichheusedhiswilltocondensecloudsofhydrogenintostar-massesandsetthemalight.Asterrifyingastheyarebrief,battleswithLuciferusuallybegin(andend)withhimdrawingdowntheflamesofsomesuperheatedstarandincineratingtoashanythingintheimmediatearea.However,thetruereasonswhyhefavorslightandfirearepartiallyexplainedinthestory"Lilith"(from"Lucifer:TheWolfBeneaththeTree").
Luciferpossessesthecommonpowersappropriatetoanarchangelofhisposition;incalculablephysicalstrengththatrivalsthelikesofcosmicbeingssuchasAsmodel,EclipsoandtheSpectre,nighomnipresence,invulnerability,flight,acidicblood(or,rather,hebleedswill,asdepictedinwhenhereachesYggdrasilin"Lucifer:TheWolfBeneaththeTree"),adevastatingsoniccry,telepathy,andthepowertospeaktoandunderstandanimals.Asanarchangel,hispowersaresignificantlysuperiortootherangels.
IntheNew52reboot,Luciferisshowntopossesspoweroverthehumansoulitself.However,hehasnopoweroveranimalsouls.HecanopenandclosemagicalportalstoEarthfromHellandbackagain.Hecanusethispowertoeithersummonorbanishdemons,ashedoeswithEtrigan.Heisclairvoyant,possessingaheightenedperceptionorknowledgeoftime,eventotheextentofbeingabletoknowthefuture.
OtherversionsTheUnofficialGuidetotheDCUniverselistsLuciferasfirsthavingappearedinadreaminSuperman'sPalJimmyOlsen#65(1962).[10]HeappearswhenJimmyOlsenattemptstomemorizeadevil'sfoodcakerecipewithhisallegedphotographicmemoryanddreamsthatheisinFrance300yearsinthepast.Puttingontheclothingofabanditwhohasditchedthem,JimmyisarrestedandsenttorotinDevil'sIslandPenalColony.AbaldmanknownasLordLoffersfiveyearsoffreedomforpeopletoescapeinexchangefortheirsouls.Convincedthatthemagicthemanusesistechnologicalinnature,assuminghimtobeanancestorofLexLuthor,heaskstobereturnedtofromwherehecame,believingLordLwillbelongdeadbythenandunabletoclaimhim.LordLshowsupathisfrontdoor,stillbaldbutnowwithagoatee,andinsiststhatheisLuciferandhasgivenhimover300yearsextra,butwilldinewithhimbeforetakinghim,butdisappearswhenJimmyserveshimcake.SupermanwakesJimmysoonafterandrevealsthatthecardhememorizedwasreallyforangelfoodcake,andthisiswhyLuciferdisappeared.InWeirdMysteryTales#4(Jan-Feb1973),astorybyJackOleckandRubenYandocdepictsLucifer,lookingmuchlikehispresentincarnation,saveforafewpanelsinwhichheappearedasamoretraditionaldevil,heldprisonerbyanorderofmonks.ItalsopresentsaprisonerswitchtricknotunliketheoneperformedinTheSandman:SeasonofMists,inadditiontobeinghostedbyDestiny,anothercharacterlaterusedbyGaiman.Inthestory,LucifergavePhilipBurtonhisforminordertotradeplaceswithhimandfulfillhiswishforimmortality.LuciferwalkedawayinthebodyoftheelderlyBurton.AcharactercalledLucifer,TheFallenAngelappearsinBlueDevil#31(thefinalissue).Hehasangelicwingsandahalo,andhisfaceincludesdarkfacialhair.Hedoesnothavehorns.MadameXanadurecognizesthatevenwithamagicbook,heisnottherealLucifer.Heissimplyawashed-upactorwhodecidestobeacostumedcriminalforaliving.HeisdraggedintoHellonatrainattheendoftheissue.TheUnofficialGuidetotheDCUniverselistsLucifer'sfirstgenuinepre-CrisisappearanceasDCSpecialSeries#8.[10]ThischaracterhashairandwingslikeLuciferasheappearsinSandman#4,butheisred-skinnedandhasafacelikeatraditionaldevil,completewithgoatee,thoughhishornsmaybepartofaheadband.Hisappearanceinthecomicisbrief,butheisspecificallyreferredtoas"Lucifer,"ratherthanbyotherepithets.HehasanadvisoryboardconsistingofGuyFawkes,BenedictArnold,AdolfHitler,JacktheRipper,Nero,andBluebeard.Hehasanoperative,EdwardDirkes,setbombs,whileusingabronzeBatmanstatuetransportedbytheEasyCompanylikeavoodoodoll.WriterGarthEnnisintroducedacharacterintendedtobetheDevilasanantagonistinhisrunontheHellblazercomic:however,asthecharacterappearedatthesametimeasGaiman'sreuseoftheLucifercharacter,Ennishadtointroduceanewbackstoryforhischaractertodistinguishthetwo:theHellblazercharacterwasnamedtheFirstoftheFallen,andwasrulerofHellpriortoandafterLucifer'sreign.HowthisfitsinwiththereignsoftheangelsandChristopherRuddhasnotbeenclarified,althoughtheFirstoftheFallenmentionsDumaandRemielrulingHellduringEnnis'run.IntheHellblazerfilmadaption,Constantine,howeverLucifer,portrayedbyPeterStormareshowedupasanantagonist.
SatanhasappearedasadistinctfigureinnumerousDCcomics.[11]InoneofDC-Vertigo'sFablesspinoffs,JackofFables,thetitlecharactermadevarious(unwise)pactswithseveraldevils.OneofthemisheavilyinspiredbyMilton'sParadiseLost.
CollectededitionsPaperback
Lucifer,includingtheSandmanPresentsminiseriesandtheNirvanaone-shot,hasbeencollectedtogetherintoeleventradepaperbacks:
# Title Publisher Year ISBN Reprints
1
DevilintheGateway
Vertigo 2001 ISBN1840232994
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
TheSandmanPresents:Lucifer#1–3Lucifer#1–4
Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s)ScottHampton·ChrisWeston·JamesHodgkins·WarrenPleece·DeanOrmston
2
ChildrenandMonsters
Vertigo 2001 ISBN1840233915
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#5–13Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·DeanOrmston
3
ADalliancewiththeDamned
Vertigo 2002 ISBN1840234709
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#14–20Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·DeanOrmston
4
TheDivineComedy
Vertigo 2003 ISBN1840236930
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#21–28Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·DeanOrmston
5
Inferno Vertigo 2004 ISBN1401202101
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#29–35Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·DeanOrmston·CraigHamilton
6
MansionsoftheSilence
Vertigo 2004 ISBN1401202497
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#36–41Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·DeanOrmston·DavidHahn
7
Exodus Vertigo 2005 ISBN1401204910
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#42–44.–49
Writer(s)MikeCareyPenciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly
8
TheWolfBeneaththeTree
Vertigo 2005 ISBN140120502X
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#452–54Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·P.CraigRussell·TedNaifeh#50"Lilith"isanextended40-pagestory
9
Crux Vertigo 2006 ISBN1401210058
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#55–61Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s) PeterGross·RyanKelly·MarcHempel·RonaldWimberly
10
Morningstar Vertigo 2006 ISBN1401210066
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#62–69Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s)PeterGross·RyanKelly·ColleenDoran·MichaelWm.Kaluta
11
Evensong Vertigo 2007 ISBN140121200X
Thereprintedmaterialis,inwholeorinpart,from:
Lucifer#70–75theLucifer:Nirvana48-pageone-shot
Writer(s)MikeCarey
Penciller(s)PeterGross·RyanKelly·JohnJ.Muth·ZanderCannon·DeanOrmston·AaronAlexovich
Seriesendshere.
Note:Thefulltitleofallvolumeslistedherestartwith"Lucifer:".
Reprinteditions
# Title ISBN Releasedate Collectedmaterial
1 Lucifer:BookOne
9781401240264(tel:9781401240264)
29May2013
TheSandmanPresents:Lucifer#1-3andLucifer#1-13[12]
2 Lucifer:BookTwo
9781401242602(tel:9781401242602)
15October2013
Lucifer#14-28andLucifer:Nirvanaone-shot[13]
3Lucifer:BookThree
9781401246044(tel:9781401246044)
18March2014 Lucifer#29-45[14]
4Lucifer:BookFour
9781401246051(tel:9781401246051)
20August2014 Lucifer#46-61[15]
5 Lucifer:BookFive
9781401249458(tel:9781401249458)
24December2014
Lucifer#62-75[16]
TVAdaptationDCandFoxaredevelopingaTVseriesbasedontheSandmancharacterLucifer.[17]InFebruary2015,FOXorderedthepilotforLucifer.[18]AccordingtoTheHollywoodReporter,theserieswillfocusonLucifer,"whoisboredandunhappyastheLordofHellandresignshisthroneandabandonshiskingdomforthebeautyofLosAngeles,wherehegetshiskickshelpingtheLAPDpunishcriminals."[19]CalifornicationcreatorTomKapinoswillpenthescriptandexecutiveproducingthepilotandLenWisemanwilldirectthepilotaswell.JerryBruckheimerandJonathanLittmanwillalsoserveasexecutiveproducers.JerryBruckheimerTelevision'sKristAnneReedisonboardasaco-executiveproducer,aswell.ItwasannouncedthatTomElliswillportraythemaincharacterintheseries,LuciferMorningstar.[20][21]InMarch2015,LaurenGermanwascastasthefemaleleadontheseries,describedasanLAPDhomicidedetectivewhois"repulsedandfascinated"byLuciferastheyworktogethertosolveamurder.[22]FOXofficiallypickeduptheseriesonMay8andscheduleditfora2016premieredate.[23]
References1. Irvine,Alex(2008),"Lucifer",inDougall,Alastair,TheVertigoEncyclopedia,NewYork:DorlingKindersley,pp.118–124,ISBN0-7566-4122-5,OCLC213309015(https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/213309015)
2. Superman#6663. Luciferisnumber68,2010:IGNcomics—Luciferisnumber68(http://comics.ign.com/top-100-villains/68.html)
4. "...NeilwasadamantthattheDevilwasDavidBowie.Hejustsaid,'Heis.YoumustdrawDavidBowie.FindDavidBowie,orI'llsendyouDavidBowie.Becauseifitisn'tDavidBowie,you'regoingtohavetoredoituntilitisDavidBowie.'SoIsaid,'Okay,it'sDavidBowie.'..."KelleyJones,fromHangingoutwiththeDreamKing(abookconsistingofinterviewswithGaiman'scollaborators)
5. Sandman#28,July1991:"SeasonofMists"part76. Sandman#57,February1994,p21:"TheKindlyOnes"part17. Carey,Mike(July2000),OnTheLedge,DCComics/Vertigo8. LuciferVol1.Issue#119. Lucifer#16
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Wikiquotehasquotationsrelatedto:Lucifer
10. TheUnofficialLuciferMorningstarChronology(http://www.dcuguide.com/chronology.php?name=lucifer)
11. http://www.comicbookdb.com/character_chron.php?ID=1595612. "LuciferBookOneSolicitation"(http://www.vertigocomics.com/graphic-
novels/lucifer-book-one).Vertigo.DCComics.Retrieved25January2013.13. "LuciferBookTwoSolicitation"(http://www.vertigocomics.com/graphic-
novels/lucifer-book-two).Vertigo.DCComics.Retrieved16October2013.14. "LuciferBookThreeSolicitation"(http://www.vertigocomics.com/graphic-
novels/lucifer-book-three).Vertigo.DCComics.Retrieved4April2014.15. "LuciferBookFourSolicitation"(http://www.vertigocomics.com/graphic-
novels/lucifer-book-four).Vertigo.DCComics.Retrieved20August2014.16. "LuciferBookFiveSolicitation"(http://www.vertigocomics.com/graphic-
novels/lucifer-book-five).Vertigo.DCComics.Retrieved30December2014.17. Andreeva,Nellie(September16,2014)."FoxNabsDCEntertainment‘Lucifer’
DramaFromTomKapinosAsPutPilot"(http://deadline.com/2014/09/lucifer-show-pilot-dc-comics-fox-834452/).Deadline.RetrievedSeptember16,2014.
18. http://www.ign.com/articles/2015/02/19/fox-orders-pilot-for-dc-comics-lucifer?abthid=54e63fe3eb1c690e51000025
19. Lealos,ShawnS.(February27,2015)."LuciferTVSeriesCastsTomEllisinLead"(http://renegadecinema.com/36228/lucifer-tv-series-casts-tom-ellis-in-lead).RenegadeCinema.
20. Andreeva,Nellie(February19,2015)."‘Lucifer’GetsPilotOrderAtFox,LenWisemanDirecting,JerryBruckheimerEP"(http://deadline.com/2015/02/lucifer-pilot-order-len-wiseman-director-jerry-bruckheimer-producer-fox-1201376635/).Deadline.
21. Ausiello,Michael(February27,2015)."PilotScoop:OnceAlumTomEllisLandsSatanicTitleRoleInFox'sLucifer"(http://tvline.com/2015/02/27/lucifer-tom-ellis-tv-show-fox-cast-dc-coomics/).TVLine.
22. "LuciferTVShowCastsFemaleLead"(http://renegadecinema.com/36314/lucifer-tv-show-casts-female-lead).RenegadeCinema.RetrievedMarch12,2015.
23. "Vertigo's'Lucifer'HittingFoxin2016"(http://renegadecinema.com/36757/lucifer-fox-new-tv-series).RenegadeCinema.RetrievedMay11,2015.
LuciferSamaelMorningstar(http://comicbookdb.com/character.php?ID=2157)attheComicBookDBLucifer(http://comicbookdb.com/title.php?ID=652)attheComicBookDB
ExternallinksLucifermini-site
(http://web.archive.org/web/20061009202404/http://www.dccomics.com/features/lucifer/)(cached)atDCComics.comRauch,Stephen.Review:Lucifer(http://www.popmatters.com/pm/comics/reviews/lucifer),PopMatters,September1,2006
Retrievedfrom"http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucifer_(DC_Comics)&oldid=661868513"
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