ITI - Department of

Structural Design and

Timber Engineering

Light up!

Pro Holz Student Trophy

Abteilung Tragwerkslehre

Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Peter BAUER

Associate Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn. Alireza FADAI; Univ.Ass. Dr.techn. Felipe RIOLA PARADA

2Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Pilgrims in Vatican

Train accident in

Montparnasse 1895

Oilplatform in storm

Snowstorm in the Alps

Action forces

3Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Live load

Picture taken from: Der Ingenieurbau,

Tragwerkszuverlässigkeit , Einwirkungen

4Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Wind

rAir

~ 1.20 kg/m3

at 20°C on sea-level

The acting wind-force

depends therefore

on the velocity of the

air(molecules) in the

moment they hit a body

(negative acceleration). It

also depends on the form

of the body.

Windloads

Wind load

wVienna

~ 0.70…1.0 kN/m2

5Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Snowloads

Snow load

s~ m sK

sVienna

~ 1.0 kN/m2

6Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Earthquake

Peak ground acceleration

agr,Vienna

= 0.8 m/sec2 x 1.2 = 0.96 m/sec2 (for soil class B)

7Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

8Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Aufwand

Einwirkungen

Widerstände

„Sicherheit“

Semi-probabilistic safety concept

9Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

CC1- 1*10-5

CC2- 1*10-6

CC3- 1*10-7

10Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Earth quake and individual risk

Required reliability:

Assumed:

50 Person-equivalents in existing building

15 Person-equivalents in extension

Pf,extension

=

(50* 10-5

+15* 10-6

)/(50+15)= 7.92*10-6

Leads to: asoll

= 0.30

Required factor of horizontal improvement

v~ 0.30/0.25= 1.20

Note: 2.35 Persons/flat

10aus der SIA entnommen:

11Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood 11

Balance individual and public risk

Retrofitting of existing buildings in case of

increasing number of individuals

No restrictions in case of adding

supplements like balconies, terraces,…

Objective

12Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

NWall

VMAX

D =

H=

Failure if

V * H > N * D/2

V < N *(D/2)/H

Shear walls

13Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

14Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Mass and stiffness Mass and stiffness in

motion

Max 2 storeys + terrace

15Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

PPAG architects –

Tunesian Village - Radetzkystrasse

16Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

PPAG architects –

Tunesian Village - Radetzkystrasse

17Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

18Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

19Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

RaU Architekten– Penthouse WEG

20Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

RaU Architekten– Penthouse WEG

21Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Wohnhausanlage Brunnweg - Holbeingasse

Brunnweg 4 – Stiege 1 bis 7

22Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

23Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

24Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

25Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Ground floor

26Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

3. Floor

27Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

28Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Vertical loads

Floor above last storey: Load bearing?

Floor-survey?

Ground floor masonry stress:

sEd

~ 0.85 N/mm2 <1.5 N/mm2 = fRd

Masonry-survey?

Foundation: Maybe not sufficient?

Foundation-survey?

Max 2 storeys + terrace

29Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Mass and stiffness in

motion

Horizontal loads

Calculation of required lateral

enforcement:

Individual risk existing building:

4 apartements x 5 floors x 2.35

= 47 individuals

Individual risk refurbished and

extended building:

47 + 2…6 *2.35 = 47 + 5…

15 = 52 .. 62 individuals

30Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Earth quake and individual risk

Required reliability:

Pf,extension

=

(50* 10-5

+15* 10-6

)/(50+15)= 7.92*10-6

Leads to: asoll

= 0.30

Required factor of horizontal improvement

v~ 0.30/0.25= 1.20

30aus der SIA entnommen:

31Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Ground-floor

32Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Horizontal loads

Calculation of required lateral

enforcement:

Individual risk existing building:

4 apartements x 5 floors x 2.35

= 47 individuals

Individual risk refurbished and

extended building:

47 + 2…6 *2.35 = 47 + 5…

15 = 52 .. 62 individuals

33Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

NWall

VMAX

D =

H=

Failure if

V * H > N * D/2

V < N *(D/2)/H

Shear walls

Tension Anchor

in basement

34Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Ground floor

35Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Wohnhausanlage Pantucekgasse 33

Stiege 1 bis 4

36Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Storey-height:

16 rises of 16.9 cm = 270

cm

Slabs

Concrete ~ 18..20 cm

circumference support?

Walls

Concrete, prefebracated

Basement

Existing, mezzanine

Ground floor

37Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

38Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Horizontal loads

Calculation of required lateral

enforcement:

Individual risk existing building:

3 apartements x 5…8 floors x

2.35 = 36…57 Individuals

Individual risk refurbished and

extended building:

36..57 + 2…6 *2.35 = 36…57

+ 5… 15 = 41 .. 72 Individuals

Concrete walls usually

sufficient!

Vertical loads

Floor above last storey: Load bearing?

Floor-survey?

Ground floor wall stress:

Sufficient

Foundation: Maybe not sufficient?

Foundation-survey?

39Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Wohnhausanlage Maroltingergasse 19-25

Stiege 6 bis 10

40Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

41Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

42Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Ground floor

43Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

44Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Horizontal loads

Calculation of required lateral

enforcement:

Individual risk existing building:

4 apartements x 3 loors x 2.35

= 29 Individuals

Individual risk refurbished and

extended building:

29+ 2…6 *2.35 = 29 + 5… 15

= 34 .. 44 Individuals

Required factor of horizontal

improvement

v~ 0.30..0.35/0.25= 1.20..1.40

Vertical loads

Floor above last storey: Load bearing?

Floor-survey?

Ground floor masonry stress:

sEd

~ 0.85 N/mm2 <1.5 N/mm2 = fRd

Masonry-survey?

Foundation: Maybe not sufficient?

Foundation-survey?

45Light up!

Vertical extensions

with wood

Thank you for your attention