Life, International Edition, Tenth Edition Brochure

ready for the next generat ion.

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Lifethe Science of Biology

international edition tenth edition

Sadava • hillis • heller • Berenbaum

Life, 10th edition is also available in three split volumes.

All split volumes are paperbound and in full colour:

VoLume 1: The CeLL And herediTy (Chapters 1-20) february 2013 | iSBn 978-1-4641-4122-5

Part one, the Science of life and its chemical Basis (chapters 1-4)

Part two, cells (chapters 5-7)

Part three, cells and energy (chapters 8-10)

Part four, genes and heredity (chapters 11-16)

Part five, genomes (chapters 17-20)

VoLume 2: eVoLuTion, diVerSiTy, And eCoLogy (Chapters 1, 21-33, 54-59) february 2013 | iSBn 978-1-4641-4123-2

chapter 1, Studying life

Part Six, the Patterns and Processes of evolution (chapters 21-25)

Part Seven, the evolution of diversity (chapters 26-33)

Part ten, ecology (chapters 54-59)

VoLume 3: PLAnTS And AnimALS (Chapters 1, 34-53) february 2013 | iSBn 978-1-4641-4124-9

chapter 1, Studying life

Part eight, flowering Plants: form and function (chapters 34-39)

Part nine, animals: form and function (chapters 40-53)

for more information (including a sample chapter)visit: www.palgrave.com/life10e or scan this Qr code to learn more about Life, tenth edition

If you don’t have a QR code reader on your mobile device, go to your device’s app store and search for “QR code reader”—there are many free apps available. After installing the app, use it to scan the code, and you will automatically be taken to the Life site (QR codes appear throughout this brochure for various features).

Life the Science of Biology

INTErNATIONAL EDITION TENTH EDITION

David Sadava The Claremont Colleges

David M. Hillis The University of Texas at Austin

H. Craig Heller Stanford University

May Berenbaum The University of Illinois at

Urbana-Champaign

Co-published by Sinauer Associates, Inc., and

W. H. Freeman and Company

February 2013Hardback

978-1-1641-3639-9

reAdy for The next generationFrom its first edition, LIfe has set the standard for experiment-based introductory biology texts. There is no stronger textbook for helping students understand not just what we know (scientific facts), but how we know it (the experimental process that leads to their discovery).

The new edition of LIfe builds upon this tradition, teaching fundamental concepts and showcasing significant research while responding to changes in biology education with new design and learning features, new technologies, and new assessment resources.

dAVid SAdAVA is the Pritzker family foundation Professor of Biology, emeritus at the Keck Science center of claremont McKenna, Pitzer, and Scripps, three of the claremont colleges. in addition, he is adjunct Professor of cancer cell Biology at the city of hope Medical center in duarte, california. twice winner of the huntoon award for superior teaching, dr. Sadava has taught courses on introductory biology, biotechnology, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, plant biology, and cancer biology. in addition to life: the Science of Biology and Principles of life, he is the author or coauthor of books on cell biology and on plants, genes, and crop biotechnology. his research has resulted in many papers coauthored with his students, on topics ranging from plant biochemistry to pharmacology of narcotic analgesics to human genetic diseases. for the past 15 years, he has investigated multi-drug resistance in human small-cell lung carcinoma cells with a view to understanding and overcoming this clinical challenge. at the city of hope, his current work focuses on new anti-cancer agents from plants. he is the featured lecturer in “Understanding genetics: dna, genes and their real-World applications,“ a video course for the great courses series.

dAVid m. hiLLiS is the alfred W. roark centennial Professor in integrative Biology and the director of the dean’s Scholars Program at the University of texas at austin, where he also has directed the School of Biological Sciences and the center for computational Biology and Bioinformatics. dr. hillis has taught courses in introductory biology, genetics, evolution, systematics, and biodiversity. he has been elected to the national academy of Sciences and the american academy of arts and Sciences, awarded a John d. and catherine t. Macarthur fellowship, and has served as President of the Society for the Study of evolution and of the Society of Systematic Biologists. he served on thenational research council committee that wrote the report Bio 2010: transforming Undergraduate Biology education for research Biologists. his research interests span much of evolutionary biology, including experimental studies of viral evolution, empirical studies of natural molecular evolution, applications of phylogenetics, analyses of biodiversity, and evolutionary modeling. he is particularly interested in teaching and research about the practical applications of evolutionary biology.

h. CrAig heLLer is the lorry i. lokey/Business Wire Professor in Biological Sciences and human Biology at Stanford University. he has taught in the core biology courses at Stanford since 1972 and served as director of the Program in human Biology, chairman of the Biolo-gical Sciences department, and associate dean of research. dr. heller is a fellow of the american association for the advancement of Science and a recipient of the Walter J. gores award for excellence in teaching and the Kenneth cuthberson award for exceptional Service to Stanford University. his research is on the neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms, mammalian hibernation, the regulation of body temperature, the physiology of human performance, and the neurobiology of learning. he has done research on a huge variety of animals and physiolo-gical problems, including from sleeping kangaroo rats, diving seals, hibernating bears, photo-periodic hamsters, and exercising athletes. dr. heller has extended his enthusiasm for promoting active learning via the development of a two-year curriculum in human biology for the middle grades, through the production of Virtual labs—interactive computer-based modules to teach physiology.

mAy BerenBAum is the Swanlund Professor and head of the department of entomology at the University of illinois at Urbana-champaign. She has taught courses in introductory animal biology, entomology, insect ecology and chemical ecology and has received awards at the regional and national levels teaching from the entomological Society of america. a fellow of the national academy of Sciences, the american academy of arts and Sciences, and the american Philosophical Society, she served as President of the american institute for Biological Sciences in 2009 and currently serves on the Board of directors of aaaS. her research addresses insect-plant coevolution from molecular mechanisms of detoxification to impacts of herbivory on community structure. concerned with the practical application of ecological and evolutionary principles, she has examined impacts of genetic engineering, global climate change, and invasive species on natural and agricultural ecosystems. in recognition of her work, she received the 2011 tyler Prize for environmental achievement. devoted to fostering science literacy, she has published numerous articles and five books on insects for the general public.

Meet the AuThorS




new! ChAPTer-oPening STorieS engage student interest and highlight an important concept in the chapter. new to this edition, each story now concludes with a question that carries through the chapter and is answered at the end of the chapter.

P e d A g o g i C A L L y ready for the nexT generATion…

Life, 10e MatcheS the Way StUdentS learn today

new! unCLuTTered deSign helps students focus on important concepts with a

contemporary graphic style and colour palette. to see a complete sample chapter, scan this Qr code

or visit palgrave.com/life10e

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BALLoon CAPTionS in The figureS, a signature innovation of this textbook, provide clear explanations that guide students step by step through experiments and biological processes.

SeCTion-ending reCAPS are phrased in the form of learning objectives. each offers a brief summary with 2-3 questions so students can check their mastery of the material they have just read.

new! LeArning oBjeCTiVeS: the instructor’s Manual now includes a set of learning objectives for each chapter. these include the major learning goals of the chapter, a detailed set of key concepts, and specific learning objectives for each concept.

new! working wiTh dATA exerCiSeS, now in the textbook, ask students to answer questions based on data from many of the actual experiments described in the book. references to the original papers for “Working with data” exercises and “investigating life” encourage students to access the primary literature.

uPdATed! inVeSTigATing Life And reSeArCh TooLS figureS give students a realistic sense of how science is done.

CONTINuED

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new! working wiTh dATA exerCiSeS, now in the textbook, ask students to answer questions based on data from many of the actual experiments described in the book. references to the original papers for “Working with data” exercises and “investigating life” encourage students to access the primary literature.

new! Life STATiSTiCS Primer, now available in the textbook, introduces some of the basic statistical techniques used in biological research, including common techniques and methods of analyzing data (such as those used in some of the Working with data exercises)

new! ChAPTer ending SeLf quizzeS now contain multiple levels of questions based on Bloom’s taxonomy (remembering, understanding & Applying, Analyzing & Evaluating). a number of questions are accompanied by illustrations or data tables. answers to all these questions are in the book.

ready for the nexT generATion…

S C i e n T i f i C A L L y Life, 10e KeePS Pace With iMPortant neW reSearch

TABLE OF CONTENTS




PArT one: THE SCIENCE OF LIFE AND ITS CHEMICAL BASIS

1. Studying life 2. Small Molecules and the chemistry of life 3. Proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids 4. nucleic acids and the origin of life

n e w :

n Emphasis on weak forces in biology (van der Waals, etc.)n Discussion of cis-trans isomersn Discussion and illustration of right-and left-handed

helicesn Discussion and illustration of how protein structure

changes with covalent modification and interaction with other molecules

n reorganization and separate discussion of DNA and rNA

n updated discussion of biological theories on the origin of life

PArT Two: CELLS

5. cells: the Working Units of life 6. cell Membranes 7. cell communication and Multicellularity

n e w :

n Clearer description and illustration of microscopy and staining methods

n More focused discussion of the use of experimental manipulations of living systems to discover cause and effect in biology

n More focused description of animal cell junctionsn Illustrated description of the role of the extracellular

matrix in cell movementn reorganization: membrane potential discussion

now in Chapter 45, Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems, where it is most relevant

n Clear comparison, with examples and table, of exocytosis and endocytosis

n Addition and discussion of juxtacrine signalingn Discussion of cross-talk in signaling pathwaysn Discussion and illustrations of the role of cell

signaling in the evolution of multicellularity

PArT Three: CELLS AND ENErGY

8. energy, enzymes, and Metabolism 9. Pathways that harvest chemical energy 10. Photosynthesis: energy from Sunlight

n e w :

n Well illustrated molecular structures for enzyme- substrate interactions

n Clearer and better illustrated description of enzyme inhibition with examples

n New Working With Data exercise on the use of enzyme inhibition to make a herbicide

continued

n More focused and better illustrated descriptions of biochemical pathways such as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to eliminate excessive details

n Illustrated mechanism of how ATP is maden use of running as example of the integration

of catabolism and anabolismn More discussion with illustrations of the roles

of accessory pigments and reaction center in photosynthesis

n Clearer discussion of the significance of photorespiration and C3 and C4 plants

PArT four: GENES AND HErEDITY11. the cell cycle and cell division12. inheritance, genes, and chromosomes13. dna and its role in heredity14. from dna to Protein: gene expression15. gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine16. regulation of gene expression

n e w :

n Clearer description and illustrations of cell cycle checkpoints

n updated and illustrated description of chromatid attachment and separation

n New examples of asexual reproductionn reorganization: cytogenetics after meiosisn New illustration of the role of aneuploidy in the

evolution of modern wheatn Clearer description of the role of probability in geneticsn New example of incomplete dominance in eggplantn Molecular basis of multiple alleles and codominance in

blood groupsn Clearer, illustrated description of basic features

of DNA structure, including weak forces and the exposure of important chemical groups for protein recognition

n Clear, illustrated description of the origin of DNA replication

n updated descriptions of the different forms of rNA in cells

n Illustrated comparison between prokaryote gene without introns and eukaryotic gene with introns to clarify gene structure

n Improved description of signaling in proteins for intercellular distribution

PArT fiVe: GENOMES 17. genomes18. recombinant dna and Biotechnology19. differential gene expression in development20. development and evolutionary change

n e w :

n updated focus on genome sequencing and analysisn Improved description of transposons and

moveable sequences continued

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n Coverage of minimal genome and synthetic genetics: “artificial cells”

n Better and clearer examples of gene cloning vectors and hosts

n revised focus on reporter genes in cloningn use of PCr in making DNA and mutationsn Clearer discussion of the advantages of and

concerns about biotechnologyn updated discussion of stem cell technologies

and applicationsn reorganization to emphasize general

developmental processes and then cloningn More focused description of the major concepts of

development and cell fate determinationn updated description of molecular switches

in developmentn Clearer description of fruit fly early development

with emphasis on molecular processes and general concepts shown

PArT Six: THE PATTErNS AND PrOCESSES OF EvOLuTION 21. Mechanisms of evolution 22. reconstructing and Using Phylogenies23. Speciation 24. evolution of genes and genomes 25. the history of life on earth

n e w :

n New section on the historical development of evolutionary theory

n New problem-oriented approach; students gain hands-on experience working with data

n real, clear examples of the process of speciationn Coverage of experimental approaches to evolutionn New information on evolution of genomesn Clear explanations of the importance of

geological changes to evolutionary history n updated geological chronology n New information on mass extinction events n New examples and illustrations of the evolution of

multicellularity

PArT SeVen: THE EvOLuTION OF DIvErSITY 26. Bacteria, archaea, and Viruses27. the origin and diversification of eukaryotes28. Plants without Seeds: from Water to land29. the evolution of Seed Plants30. the evolution and diversity of fungi31. animal origins and the evolution of Body Plans32. Protostome animals 33. deuterostome animals

n e w :

n Fully updated taxonomic treatmentn The only textbook with extensive coverage of the tree

of life,complete with online links to photos, maps, keys, and more on all of life’s diversity

n Extensive video coverage of the diversity of life, with Qr links, making diversity come alive for students

n Students gain first-hand understanding of biodiversity through working with data problems

continued

n Added emphasis on importance of microbiomesn New information on evolution of virusesn New phylogenetic treatment of microbial

eukaryotesn New chapter opener on photosynthetic

organisms and the Gulf Oil Spilln New discussion and illustrations on the use of algae

for biofuel productionn Added illustrations and examples on the

importance of plants to human societyn New experimental studies using fungin updated animal phylogenyn New illustrations of evolution of tetrapod limbsn New illustration on role of neoteny in human

evolution

PArT eighT: FLOWErING PLANTS: Form and Function 34. the Plant Body35. transport in Plants36. Plant nutrition37. regulation of Plant growth38. reproduction in flowering Plants39. Plant responses to environmental challenges

n e w :

n Clearer focus on general concepts of plant body plan and its organization

n Comparison between plant and animal development and anatomy

n updated descriptions of transport in xylem and phloem

n New descriptions of water relations and of plant adaptations to water stress in the context of transport mechanisms

n New material on genes involved in mineral nutrition in a model organism

n reorganization of hormone material to emphasize concepts and molecular approaches

n Clearer explanations of the roles of photoreceptors

n revised description of angiosperm gamete formation and double fertilization

n updated discussion of signals for flowering, including molecular mechanisms

n updated description of plant responses to herbivores and pathogens

PArT nine: ANIMALS: Form and Function40. Physiology, homeostasis, and temperature regulation41. animal hormones42. immunology: animal defense Systems 43. animal reproduction44. animal development: from genes to organisms45. neurons, glia, and nervous Systems46. Sensory Systems47. the Mammalian nervous System48. Musculoskeletal Systems49. gas exchange50. circulatory Systems51. nutrition, digestion, and absorption52. Salt and Water Balance and nitrogen excretion53. animal Behavior

n e w :

n Expanded emphasis on the experiments that underlie our understanding of animal physiology

n Feature story and accompanying Working with Data exercise focus on the most recently discovered hormone, irisin, illuminating the nature of hormones and how they are identified and their functions understood

n Immunology chapter introduces the concept of “herd immunity” to its discussion of the importance of vaccination, and a revised organization consolidates material on B cells and antibody production

n The role circadian rhythms play in childbirth is explained via a Working with Data exercise

n updated material on right-left asymmetry in mammalian development includes a Working with Data exercise

n Extensive and important new information on glia, the most numerous and least understood cell type in the nervous system

n Streamlined organization of neural system coverage

n revised and simplified explanations of difficult concepts such as mammalian gastrulation, the physiology of vision, and the renal countercurrent multiplier

n revised art clarifies presentations of the circulatory system and the complicated processes involved in nitrogen excretion

PArT Ten: ECOLOGY54. ecology and the distribution of life55. Population ecology56. Species interactions and coevolution57. community ecology58. ecosystems and global ecology59. Biodiversity and conservation Biology

n e w :

n Integration of fire as an ecological factor affecting ecology of organisms, biomes, and ecosystems, including a feature on fynbos plants that germinate in response to smoke

n Improved diagram and new Working with Data exercise on the mark recapture method of estimating population size

n Expanded discussion of aquatic biomes and their characteristics

n New Working with Data exercise illustrating reciprocal selective responses in predator-prey interactions

n New information on the ecological role of toxins in nectar

n Integration of energy flow and nutrient cycling, with new emphasis on how energy powers nutrient cycles

n New feature opening story on the Mississippi Delta dead zone and its effect on the seafood industry

n New feature opening story on loss of kokanee salmon from Flathead Lake, Minnesota, illustrating the cascading negative effects of a well-intentioned species introduction

n New information on the role of habitat corridors in conservation planning, based on research in a natural setting in Palenque National Park in Mexico

new! inSTAnT ACCeSS CodeS (Quick response or Qr codes) and direCT weB AddreSSeS integrated into the text let students link to dynamic resources at the right moment, via their smartphones, tablets, or any Web browser. all student resources are now fully mobile- device compatible for more efficient studying.

AnimATed TuToriALS were developed exclusively for this book in the style of the tenth edition’s artwork. they present complex topics in a clear, easy-to- follow format that combines a detailed animation with an introduction and conclusion. animations are available in multiple formats, and the easy-to-use interface offers continuous play and step-through options, optional audio narration, and a full text transcript. Scan the instant access code to view a sample.

new! mediA CLiPS include fascinating and compelling short video segments that help students engage with the book’s content as they read. Scan the instant access code to view a sample.

inTerACTiVe ChAPTer SummArieS combine a review of important concepts with links to key figures from the chapter, all relevant animated tutorials, and activities, for a comprehensive chapter review. Scan the instant access code to view a sample.

ACTiViTieS help students learn important facts and concepts through labeling steps in processes, identifying parts of structures, building diagrams, and identifying different types of organisms.

new! Life fLAShCArdS APP (iPhone and iPAd) makes it easy for students to study important biological terminology wherever they are. flashcards are organized by chapter, and can be viewed in browse mode or quiz mode. the app also provides a full glossary with audio pronunciations for every term.


TeChnoLogiCALLy Life, 10e taKeS fUll adVantage of today’S coMMUnication caPaBil it iteS

s

s

go to Animated Tutorial 49.2 Airflow in mammals Life10e.com/at49.2

go to media Clip 13.1 discovery of the double helix Life10e.com/mc13.1

go to the interactive Summary to review key figures, Animated Tutorials, and ActivitiesLife10e.com/is7




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Textbook Figures & Tables •Multipleversions:Whole,reformatted, andunlabeled

•High-andLow-resolutionJPEGs,andPDFs PowerPointsResources •FiguresandTables •FigureswithEditableLabels •LayeredArt •LecturePresentation •SupplementalPhotos

VideosandAnimationsSupplementalPhotoCollectionActiveLearningExercisesInstructor’sManualLectureNotesTestBankWordFilesMediaGuide

the life 10e mediA & SuPPLemenTS

instructor’s media Library (iSBn: 978-1-4641-2364-1)includesavastarrayofmediaand assessmentresourcestoaidinstructorsinplanninganeffectivecourse,preparingengaginglectures, andassessingstudentcomprehension.Itincludes:

PrinCiPLeS of Life, FIrST EDITIONDavid M. Hillis, The University of Texas at AustinDavid Sadava, The Claremont CollegesH. Craig Heller, Stanford UniversityMary v. Price, Emerita, The University of California, Riverside

© 2012, co-published by Sinauer Associates, Inc., and W. H. Freeman and Company

Writteninthespiritofthereformmovementthatisreinvigoratingthe introductorymajorscourse,Principles of Lifecutsthroughthethicket ofexcessivedetailtofocusonwhatmattersmostinthestudyofbiology today.Studentsexplorethemostessentialbiologicalideasandinformation inthecontextofthefield’sdefiningexperiments,andareactivelyengaged inanalyzingresearchdata.Theresultisatextbookthatishundredsof pagesshorter(andsignificantlylessexpensive)thancurrentmajors introductorybooks.

this title may not be available in all areas. Please contact your representative for more information.

ALSo for inSTruCTorS

Instructor’sResourceKit(Printed)ISBN:978-1-4641-4131-7

PrintedTestBankISBN:978-1-4292-5579-0

ComputerizedTestBankISBN:978-1-4641-4128-7

OverheadTransparenciesISBN:978-1-4641-4127-0

e-Packs(forCourseManagement Systems,WebCT,Blackboard,Angel, andotherrequestedsystems)

ALSo for STudenTS

Student Study guideISBN:978-1-4641-2365-8

A Student handbook for writing in Biology, ThirdEdition By Karin KniselyISBN:978-1-4292-3491-7

ALSO AvAILABLE FrOM SinAuer ASSoCiATeS, inC. AND w. h. freemAn And ComPAny…

“our department adopted Principles of Life last year as part of our effort to refocus our

introductory sequence in a manner consistent with the nSf/AAAS mandate

‘Vision and Change in undergraduate Biology education.’ while the text is

substantially slimmer than the dominant introductory biology books in the market, we

found that essential concepts and content are well represented. i found that

i was able to address foundational material as deeply as i had in the past, but i was able to do

so more efficiently. As a result—for the first time in eight years teaching

this course—i was able to address all of the major sections i’d aspired to teach in the se-

mester. i look forward to using the text again this fall.”

—JEFFBROWN, University of Portland, Department of Biology

hardback iSBn: 978-1-4292-8657-2

rEQuEST yoUr inSPeCTion CoPy today!

February 2013 Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4641-3639-9

co-published by Sinauer Associates, inc., and w. h. freeman and Company

request your inspection copy online at

www.palgrave.com/life10e or contact Lecturer Services on

lecturerservices@ palgrave.com or +44 (0)1256 302794

note: Inspection copies are provided to teaching academics with a registered academic address teaching a class of at least 20 students. Please note that all inspection copy requests are subject to approval

and that requests to send inspection copies overseas are fulfilled entirely at the discretion of our local representatives.

When requesting an inspection copy, please provide your academic address, email address and module details.

for The LAB

inquiry BioLogy A Laboratory Manual, volumes 1 & 2Mary Tyler, University of Maineryan W. Cowan, University of MaineJennifer L. Lockhart, University of Maine

Paperback

Volume 1 | June 2013 | iSBn: 978-1-4292-9288-7

Volume 2 | June 2013 | iSBn: 978-1-4292-9289-4

InQuIRy BIoLogy instructs in the process of science by allowing students to ask their own questions, gather background information, formulate hypotheses, design and carry out experiments, collect and analyze data, and formulate conclusions. it is designed for any sized introductory biology course, large or small.

Volume 1 Contents:

Introduction to Biology: Through the Microscope • Observation and Classification: Examining the Organisms of Pond Water • environmental Biology: experimenting with Pond-Water organisms • Peer Review: Evaluating the Integrity of the Process • Cell Structure: Examining Diversity and Function • Photosynthesis: Experimenting with FabPlants • Cell Division: Examining Mitosis and Experimenting with Bacteria • Meiosis: Understanding Sex through Mendelian Genetics • Genetics: Examining Inheritance Patterns through Punnett Squares • The Poster Session: Presenting Research to the Community

Volume 2 Contents:

The Biology of Organisms: Functions of Life • the diversity of life: Observing How Organisms Function • Experimenting with Fungi: Exploring Questions About the Fungi Kingdom • Analyzing Data: Interpreting Your Experimental Results • Transpiration: Plants Cooling the Planet • Cardiopulmonary System I: Getting Blood to Where it is Needed • Cardiopulmonary System II: Breathing for Gas Exchange • Osmoregulation and Excretion: What Urine Can Tell You about Health • Animal Development: Exploring Reproduction Using Chick Embryos • The Symposium: Presenting Research Through a Talk

Palgrave Macmillan,Houndmills,Basingstoke,Hampshire,rG21 6XSwww.macmillanhighered.com/international

ready for the next generat ion. PEDAGOGICALLY

SCIENTIFICALLY

TECHNOLOGICALLY

to see a complete sample chapter, scan this Qr code or visit

www.palgrave.com/life10e

If you don’t have a Qr code reader on your mobile device, go to

your device’s app store and search for “Qr code reader”—there are many free

apps available. After installing the app, use

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this brochure for various features.)




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Life, International Edition, Tenth Edition Brochure