Lesson 11

Tumor• Learning aims & demands• Lead-in• New words• Skimming• Scanning• Post-reading (Discussion)

Learning Aims & Demands

Be able to tell the basic symptoms, treatments & causes of tumors

Improve the reading, speaking and listening skills

Be aware of the importance of health & courage to face the severe diseases.

Step 1: Lead-in

Fight cancer

Step 2 Reading

hepatocellular 肝细胞的

word match cancer

consum(e)

gene

radiat(e)

--therapy

--(a)tion

--tic

chemo--

--ous

----(p)tion

cancerous adj. 癌的

consumption n. 消费

genetic adj. 基因的

radiation n. 辐射，放射

chemotherapy n. 化学疗法

• 1. If a _______ is _______, it means it can often be removed and in most cases, it doesn’t come back.

• 2. ________ is a kind of flammable liquid containing _______.

• 3. Sometimes it's necessary to do a _______ to reach a diagnosis.

• 4. Lung cancer is a kind of ________ disease.

Step 2: Skimming (fast reading)

1. What is a tumor? 2. What are possible causes of

tumors? 3. What are the common tests

for tumors? 4. Is benign tumor cancerous?

Passage structure

What is tumor?

CausesSymptoms

Exams & Teststreatment

prevention

⒈

⒉

⒊

4-5

⒍

⒎

Step 3: Scanning (Detailed reading)

A tumor is an _________ growth of body ______. Some tumors are ________, the others are _________.

Para1: What is tumor?

In general, tumors appear to occur when there is a problem with the dividing of

cells in the body.

cell

New cells are not needed. The balance of cell division and death is disturbed.

• Problems with the body’s immune system can lead to tumors.

Para 2: Causes免疫系统

• Symptoms depend on the type and location of the tumor.

Para 3: Symptoms

Common symptomsCommon symptoms

chillschills

night sweatsnight sweats

weight lossweight loss

fatiguefatigue

insomniainsomnia

acheache

malaisemalaise

vomitvomit

feverfever

loss of appetiteloss of appetite

constipationconstipation

coughingcoughing

• What’s a biopsy for?

• What are CT scans or MRI for?

• What is PET scan for?

Para 4-5: Exams & Tests

A biopsy is performed to determine whether a tumor is benign or malignant.

CT scans or MRI are for determination the exact location of the tumor and its extent.

Positron emission tomography (PET) scans is used to visualize certain tumors types.

common tests to tumorscommon tests to tumors

Para 6: treatment

Case 1: Benign brain tumor

Case 2: Confined bone tumor

Case 3: Malignant brain tumor

Case 4: Lung tumor which can’t be removed with surgery

• Dos • Don’ts

Para 7: prevention

smoking chewing tobacco

heavy alcoholconsumption

healthy eatingdiet

exerciseregularly

maintain ahealthy weight

reduce sunexposure

exposure toradiation/toxic chemicals

Step 4: Post-reading

• Discussion:

• As a nurse, how do you offer reassurance?