Lecture4: Digestive system and nutritionLiverStomach

The seasoning improves the second function of foodKikunae Ikeda (1864-1936)

Soseki Natsume(Japanese famous Writer)evaluates Ikeda Great philosopher

AJINOMOTO Inventor. Chemist. From KyotoChemistry Section of Department of Science at The University of Tokyo.Founder professor.Concentrating soup of seaweed.

The Japanese taste spreads all over the world

Glutamic acid of seaweed (1909 AJINOMOTO)

Inosinic acid of Dried bonito (1965 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo)

Guanylic acid

Stagnation time in stomach of foodButterSteakBoiled fish pasteRoast sweet potato

OmeletteBeef insukiyakiToastRice CakeYam soupRaw Egg12 hours3hours 15mt3hours 15mt3hours2hours 45mt2hours 45mt 2hours 45mt2hours 30mt2hours 30mt2hours 30mt

It is Australian Bury Marshall (professor of the west Australian university) and Dr. Robin Warren (pathologist) that discovered Helicobacter Pylori that causes gastritis and the stomach ulcer. They won the medical student science prize in 2005. The both men discovered the Helicobacter Pylori of the cause in 1982 though it was thought that the stress and the lifestyle were the major causes in gastritis and the stomach ulcer. The way was opened in a handy treatment method to remove the bacterium by using the antibioticThe University of Western Australia is a tie-up school with Kagawa. It is in Perth.

It is a ratio of the appearing adult as for the small intestines lactase in each raceThe adult and the adult mammal lack lactase so that the mammal may promote weaning. Caucasian who has the history with long stock raising is an exception.Kagawa, Y. et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of thrifty genes for energy metabolism: evolutionary origins and prospects for intervention to prevent obesity-related diseases Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 295(2), 2002, 207-22Eskimo

Bantu (Africa)

Thai, Filipino

Japanese, Korean

Ibo, Yolba (Africa)

Chinese

African American

Indian

Mestizo

Frani (Africa)

Australian Caucasian

American Caucasian

DanishUbi farmingRabi farming and mixed bloodHuntingCaliph farmingRabi farming

To supplement the lactase deficiency of small intestines, various processing milks excludes lactose. The CALPIS in Japan has the origin in the fermentation milk in MongoliaNot seen alcohol fermented horse milk in Murun. But, Seen fermentation alcohol than ulan batorPreservation creamYogurtCheeseCheeseYogurtMilk processing form of Mongolian dairy productsHeatSeparationHeatHeatHeatSkimmed milkUrumTaragByasrakuArolEizugiAruhiAlcohol-fermented Horse Milk Domestic animal milkLowFermentation(less than a day)HighFermentationa day or more)TakewheyTakewheyCondenseLeaveLeaveLacto-bacillus MIlkThe order of fermenting the low fermentation and the high fermentation (It is after it heats it before it heats it) is different by the situation and each home in the place. (Tarag is excluded. )

Method of defending enteric canalProbaioticsPrebaioticsIntake of effective Ukin to balance improvement of intestinal bacterial floraLactic acid bacterium, Patils, and yeast (yogurt etc.)Intake of food that adjusts bodily function through balance improvement of intestinal bacterial floraFructo-oligosaccharide (soybean flour, burdock, and onion) Dietary fiber (oatmeal, buckwheat, and mushroom) Difficulty digestibility starch

, , , 54(9), 2005.9 p.2363-8It is east Asian's characteristic that a lot of stomach cancers areMenWomen

Graph1

7535

2215

6522

103

52

84

Race

Morbidity Rate(per 100,000)

Racial difference of stomach cancer morbidity rate(Age adjustment)19881992

Sheet1

JapaneseHawaii JapaneseChineseThaiCaucasian(US)AfricanAmerican

7522651058

351522324

Graph2

3822

5833

2118

74

4332

4438

10

19881992

Sheet2

38582174344

22331843238

Sheet3

Liver failureenergyamino acidammoniaenergyenergymuscleUreaUreaCycle(Liver)Citric acidketo acidAcetyl CoACitrulline AntibioticEnema clysterCitricacid cycleResolution in large intestinesAmmoniaToxin formationArginine EdemaLipid and intermediary Metabolism thingSugar and intermediary Metabolism thingAmmonia rise in blood(normalHepatic comaOltininWaterCarbon dioxideSmallintestineYasuo KAGAWA et at al. Core, molecular biology of human body MARUZEN, 1997, p.124Blood dialysisulrethral catheterization in the retention of the urinehepatorenal failure upblood urea nitrogen (normalUrea cycledecreaseProtein(normal: Total protein(normal : albuminNecessary amino acid onlyLargeintesitineAbsorption

Ulcerative colitisNon-peculiar, inflammatory intestines disease characterized in not obtaining complete recovery repeating improvement and abhorrenceThe generation part is only large intestines from the rectum to the vermiform appendix, and the inflammation chiefly soaks the mucous membrane, and is diseases ofan uncertain cause often forming the ulcerClinical courseRecurrence improvement typeChronic continuation typeAcute blitz typeFit first time type

Symptom and coexisting illness of ulcerative colitisSymptomCoexisting illness intestines outside the jurisdictionMucous and bloody stool

Diarrhea

Stomachache

Generation of heat

Anorexia

General malaiseAphthous stomatitisOphthalmic lesion(iritis and eyeball conjunctivitis)Arthritis Lesion of the skin (erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum)Pluck road change to a morbid state(gallstone and sclerosing cholangitis)High amylase blood syndromeUrinary stone (oxalic acidstone)Thrombus and arteritis

Others

Yasuo KAGAWA, Racial difference and dining habit of intestinal disease Sougou Rinsho, 54(9), 2005.9 p.2363-8

Graph1

7535

2215

6522

103

52

84

Men

Women

Race

Contraction rateper 100,000

Racial difference of Stomach cancer contractionAdjusting age19881992

Sheet1

JapaneseJapanese in HawaiiChineseThaiCaucasian in USAfrican American

Men7522651058

Women351522324

Graph2

3822

5833

2118

74

4332

4438

10

19881992

Sheet2

38582174344

22331843238

Sheet3

Transdermal endoscope gastric fistula Tsctscjuts : PEGSource by PEG Doctors NetworkStomachOutside BodyWalls of the abdomen

PEGProf. Fumio KOMATSUKAGAWA Nutrition University. Clinical Physiology

At first of PEG, injecting with hands Prof. Fumio KomatsuKagawa Nutrition University. Clinical Physiology)

Enteral feeding product Formula

Comparison of amounts of nutrient a packing of medicine made of IVH and medicine made of TFTFNovartis) Calorie300kcal Protein11.25g Lipid13.8g Carbohydrate34.48g Na190mg K300mg Ca170mg Mg64mg P:160mg Fe:2.88mg Zn: 2.9mg Cu:0.44mg Se:11.3g Cl:280mg VA:240g VD:1.9g VE:10mg200ml1PVB1:0.6mgVB2:0.68mgNiacin:8mgVB6:0.8mgFolic Acid64gPantothenic acid4mgVC:70mgwater155.4gIVHOtsuka)

Total Calorie820kcal Amount of total glucidic 175.20g Amount of total free amino acid30g Calorie of non-protein/nitrogen149 PHAbout 5.6 Osmotic pressure ratioAbout 6 Na+:35mEq K+:27mEq Mg2+:5mEq Ca2+:5mEq CI-:35mEq SO42-:5mEq Acetate-:54mEq Gluconate-:5mEq Citrate3-:11mEq P:6mmol Zn:10mol900ml1P

19601970 40%PEM(Alb) 3.5g/dlPEMPEGPEGPEG