22
Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20 th -Century Modern Movement . Rudolf Petersdorff Department Store, Breslau, 1927/28 Night view of another Schocken Department Store by Mendelson – note the effects of his Lichtarchitektur’ (light architecture) and the purposely achieved transparency of the floor-to-ceiling shop windows on the ground floor

Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    15

  • Download
    1

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

1

Lecture 7

The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement

.

Rudolf Petersdorff Department Store, Breslau, 1927/28

Night view of another Schocken Department Store by Mendelson –note the effects of his ‘Lichtarchitektur’ (light architecture) and the purposely achieved transparency of the floor-to-ceiling shop

windows on the ground floor

Page 2: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

2

Piet Mondrian, Dutch Modernist painter, 1872-1944An important contributor to 20th-century abstract painting and the Dutch De Stijl

movement. His journey from realism to Impressionism to abstraction represents a major moment in the evolution of 20th-century artistic expression in painting. Contemporary

Photograph, “Live Oak” – very similar to Mondrian’s early hyper-realist graphite sketches of trees and views of the forest executed in the 1890s

Piet Mondrian, Red Trees, 1908

Piet Mondrian (Dutch), Study of Trees, 1913

Page 3: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

3

Piet Mondrian, The Red Tree, 1910

Piet Mondrian, The Red Tree, 1910, detail

Piet Mondrian, The Grey Tree, 1911

Page 4: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

4

Piet Mondrian, Trees, 1912

Piet Mondrian, Flowering Tree, 1912

Piet Mondrian, Line and Color, 1915

Page 5: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

5

Piet Mondrian, Composition, 1915

Piet Mondrian, Composition, 1915

Piet Mondrian, Composition, 1921

Page 6: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

6

Piet Mondrian, Broadway Boogie Woogie, 1943

Theo van Doesburg, Project for the “Cinema Dance Hall,” perspective view, Strasbourg, France, 1928

Theo van Doesburg, Cinema Dance Hall, Strasbourg, France, 1928

Page 7: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

7

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House, Utrecht, 1924

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House, Utrecht (Holland), 1924, exterior view

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House, Utrecht, 1924, ground floor plan

Page 8: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

8

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House, Utrecht, 1924, second floor plan (note retractable partitions)

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House,

Utrecht, 1924, interior perspective

view

Gerritt Rietveld, Schroeder House, Utrecht, 1924, interior view

Page 9: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

9

Gerritt Rietveld, table and chair, 1924

Mondrian composition, Rietveld Chair, Schroeder House interior perspective view

Walter Gropius in Weimar, Dessau, and at Harvard (1919; 1926; 1960)

Page 10: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

10

LyonelFeininger, (Church at)

Gelmeroda XII

Paul Klee, Small squares and pine tree, approximately 1922

Wassily Kandinsky, Fairy Tale, 1905, and Untitled, 1930

Page 11: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

11

Johannes Itten, Swiss painter and devotee of

religious mysticism as a

basis for individual

liberation and creativity,

shown here with his color wheel

for teaching color theory

Johannes Itten design used as a watch face, MondaineCompany, Switzerland, 2000

A woodcut of a cathedral, by LyonelFeininger, illustrated

the four page Bauhaus Manifesto.

Beams of light converging upon the

cathedral’s three spires representing

the three arts; architecture, sculpture

and painting

Page 12: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

12

Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

course” to mastery of a craft, to art, to architecture

Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory course” to

mastery of a craft, to art, to architecture

Josef Albers, student work for the Bauhaus introductory course, watercolor on paper, 1922

Page 13: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

13

"In visual perception, a color is almost never seen as it really is- as

it physically is. This fact makes color the most relative medium in

art."- Josef Albers

Top center, Annie Albers, Bauhaus carpet design, 1923

Anni Albers, wall hanging from Bauhaus weaving workshop, 1923; Josef Albers, set of nesting tables,

Bauhaus wood workshops, 1926

Joost Schmidt, Bauhaus student, design of a chess set in which the design of each piece contains information about

its movement according to the rules of the game; birch, ebony, executed in Bauhaus workshop (1923)

Page 14: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

14

Wilhelm Wagenfeld, Bauhaus lamp from metal w orkshop, Dessau, 1928;Marianne Brandt, Tea-extract pot, 1924, Brass, silver, ebony

Gropius, design for a door handle, 1923; Mies van der Rohe, cantilevered chair using

metal tubing, 1928

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Forms in

Space, 1924

Page 15: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

15

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Light-Space Modulator, 1922-1930

Walter Gropius, shown with his

design (with Adolf Meyer), Competition

Design for the Chicago Tribune

Tower, 1922

Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, 1922 Competition Design for the

Chicago Tribune Tower (below, the winning design by John Mead Howells

and Raymond Mead and Hood , as completed in 1925)

Page 16: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

16

Burnham, Flatiron building, 1902 and Lebrun, Met Life Tower, 1909

Walter Gropius, Bauhaus building, Dessau, Germany, 1926, aerial view visit: http://www.bauhaus-dessau.de/en/history.asp?p=bauhaus

Below: Walter Gropius, Bauhaus building, Dessau, Germany, aerial view today. Visit: http://www.bauhausdessau.de/en/history.asp?p=bauhaus

Page 17: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

17

Dessau-Bauhaus school, designed by Gropius, 1926

1924-25 Bauhaus Building, Dessau

Gropius, Bauhaus building plan, Dessau, 1925-26

Page 18: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

18

3-D computer model from year 2000 showing Bauhaus building and itsdistribution of functions (Prellerhaus = student dormitory tower)

Gropius’s Bauhaus plan (1926) compared to Palladio’s Villa Rotunda in Vicenza, Italy (1550)

Gropius: Bauhaus Master's House (top: Gropius house; bottom: house for Lyonel Feininger), Dessau, 1926

Page 19: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

19

Walter Gropius, Tortenhousing estate, Dessau,

1926-30

Josef Albers, Example of Bauhaus typography, 1925

Hannes Meyer, Project for the League fo Nations competition,

1927, Geneva, axonometric view

Marianne Brandt, table lamp, 1929, fulfilling dictum that

form = function x economy

Page 20: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

20

Iwao Yamawaki, “Attack on the

Bauhaus,” collage, 1932

Walter Gropius, Gropius house, Lincoln, Mass., 1938

Walter Gropius/The Architects Collaborative, Harkness Commons and Graduate Center, Harvard University, 1950

Page 21: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

21

.

.

Max Bill, Hochschule fuer Gestaltung (Academy of Design), Ulm, 1956; student-designed “living pod,” 1965; a radio for Braun Co. by Dieter Rams, 1958; Tomas Maldonado, Lufthansa corporate image design

Page 22: Lecture 7 The Bauhaus and the 20th-Century Modern Movement · Walter Gropius, diagram of Bauhaus curriculum, 1919, from “outside” to “inside” the circle, or from “introductory

22

Hans M. Wingler (left) and Walter

Gropius (right) -Opening

ceremony of the Bauhaus Archive in Darmstadt,

1961

The bauhaus-shop offers a panorama of design from Bauhaus to

Contemporary. The range

includes "icons" of design such as the Bauhaus lamp or vases by Alvar Aalto,

but also anonymous

items of industrial design.

.