Lecture 4. Coastal Policy Overview

Coastal Management: Nested Scales

• Federal– Coastal Zone Management Act

• State– California Coastal Program

• Local– Local Coastal Programs

Coastal Zone Management Act (1972)

• Federal-State Partnership• Voluntary• 34 participating coastal states– http://coastalmanagement.noaa.gov/inyourstate/#

NOAA

OCRM

NOAA Ocean & Coastal Resource Management

• 2012 Budget NOAA: $5,497 Million (OCRM = 2%)• 2012 Budget NOS: $559.6 Million (OCRM = 23%)

306 (d)(2) CMP Required Elements

• A definition of the boundaries of the coastal zone to which the program applies

• A definition of areas of particular concern within the coastal zone

• A description of the organizational structure for the implementation of the program

• A planning process to provide protection of and access to public beaches

• A planning process to lessen the impact of shoreline erosion

306A Matching Grants to States

• To preserve and restore areas valued for recreational, ecological, or aesthetic purposes

• To redevelop urban waterfronts and ports• To provide coastal access to public beaches

and other coastal areas• To develop a coordinated process to regulate

aquaculture

309 Coastal Zone Enhancement Program (1990)

– To protect, restore, enhance, or create coastal wetlands– To eliminate development in hazardous areas and

anticipate sea level rise– To expand beach access opportunities– To reduce marine debris– To control cumulative and secondary impacts of

development– Special Area Management Plans (SAMPs)– To plan for use of ocean resources– To adopt procedures to facilitate citing aquaculture

facilities

CZM Program Funding Summary 2012

• Federal = $65 Million, Match = $52 Million

Coastal Non-Point Pollution Program

• Forestry• Agriculture• Urban Areas• Marinas• Hydromodification• Wetland and Riparian Areas

307 Federal Consistency Provision

“Federal agency activities that have reasonably foreseeable effects on any land or water use or natural resource of the coastal zone (also referred to as coastal uses or resources and coastal effects) must be consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the enforceable policies of a coastal state’s federally approved coastal management program. ”

Coastal Management: Nested Scales

• Federal– Coastal Zone Management Act

• State– California Coastal Program

• Local– Local Coastal Programs

California Coastal Policy

• Proposition 20 – Coastal Zone Conservation Act 1972

• California Coastal Act 1976

California Coastal Program• Coastal Commission• Coastal Conservancy• Bay Conservation and Development District

CMP Evaluation Recommendations

Coastal Commission

• Regions: North Coast, North Central Coast, Central Coast, South Central Coast, South Coast, San Diego Coast

• 12 voting and 3 non-voting members• Six = local elected officials from region of interest• Six = public members at large• Appointed by Governor, Senate Rules Committee,

and Speaker of the Assembly (4 each) – http://www.coastal.ca.gov/roster.html

Coastal Management: Nested Scales

• Federal– Coastal Zone Management Act

• State– California Coastal Program

• Local– Local Coastal Programs

Local Coastal Programs (LCPs)

• 76 coastal cities and counties• 128 separate LCP segments– 72% certified, 85% of coast

• Permitting Authority:– Local government = most new development– Coastal Commission = Tidelands, submerged

lands, public trust lands, appeals

Times-Standard Articles

Arcata, coastal commission at odds over development planJessica Cejnar/The Times-StandardPosted: 08/23/2011 02:40:14 AM PDTUpdated: 08/23/2011 02:40:14 AM PDTPart of Arcata's coastal plan approved; coastal commission gives city more time to finalize full programJessica Cejnar/The Times-StandardPosted: 09/09/2011 02:10:02 AM PDTUpdated: 09/09/2011 02:10:10 AM PDT

National Estuary Program (1987)

San Francisco Estuary Partnership

• Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP)

• Executive Council• Implementation Committee• Friends of the Estuary

San Francisco Estuary Project CCMP

Additional Policies

• Coastal Barrier Resources Act (1982)• National Marine Sanctuary Program (1972)• National Estuarine Research Reserve System

(1972)• Coral Reef Conservation Program (2000)• Marine Protected Areas (2000)