Lecture 1-1

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  • History of Post-IndependenceIndia 1

    History of Post-IndependenceIndia 1

    Political History, Constitution, Sports,Cinema

  • Course Relevance

    I am a B.Tech. student, not a B.A. Historystudent!!

  • Hard Benefits of GK Inescapable part of

    IAS exams GATE Management Exams Bank Exams All kinds of interviews

    Key to winning inter-college competitions MORE MONEY BETTER CV

    Inescapable part of IAS exams GATE Management Exams Bank Exams All kinds of interviews

    Key to winning inter-college competitions MORE MONEY BETTER CV

  • Soft Benefits of GK In your job life, best way to bond Great way to impress people and formrelationships that last

    Get to understand life and society muchbetter, leading to better life decisions

    Big business deals get clinched on smallconversations

    Opens doors that may otherwise be closed

    In your job life, best way to bond Great way to impress people and formrelationships that last

    Get to understand life and society muchbetter, leading to better life decisions

    Big business deals get clinched on smallconversations

    Opens doors that may otherwise be closed

  • Topics & Evaluation We will cover:

    Political history overview Constitution & related topics Sports Hindi Cinema

    Short GK quiz in each lecture Each unit will have one exercise that hasweightage in overall evaluation

    We will cover: Political history overview Constitution & related topics Sports Hindi Cinema

    Short GK quiz in each lecture Each unit will have one exercise that hasweightage in overall evaluation

  • Momentum for Independence Quit India Movement, by INC under MahatmaGandhi, 8 Aug 1942

    Indian National Army and its activities Navy Strike in 1946 finally convinced British PM Attlee announces transfer by June 1948 Expediency arises because of Britishimpatience Jinnahs health and conspiracy theory

    Quit India Movement, by INC under MahatmaGandhi, 8 Aug 1942

    Indian National Army and its activities Navy Strike in 1946 finally convinced British PM Attlee announces transfer by June 1948 Expediency arises because of Britishimpatience Jinnahs health and conspiracy theory

  • What is India? Before 1947, NO SUCH ENTITY Collection of kingdoms, some prominent Varieties of empires

    Maurya Gupta Chola Mughal

    Vassal system

    Before 1947, NO SUCH ENTITY Collection of kingdoms, some prominent Varieties of empires

    Maurya Gupta Chola Mughal

    Vassal system

  • Post-Independence Struggle More than 500 independent kingdoms

    Royal worry over privileges, Rai Bahadur Orgies, horse-riding and holidays as royalhobbies, 15 crore payout for big 10

    Initial joining by Baroda, Bikaner and otherborder kingdoms Patiala particularly wasteful, signed drunk

    Other kingdoms not so easy

    More than 500 independent kingdoms Royal worry over privileges, Rai Bahadur

    Orgies, horse-riding and holidays as royalhobbies, 15 crore payout for big 10

    Initial joining by Baroda, Bikaner and otherborder kingdoms Patiala particularly wasteful, signed drunk

    Other kingdoms not so easy

  • Jodhpur & Neighbors Hindu state, initially ready to join IndianUnion, advised by friends on better termsfrom Pakistan

    Jinnah jumps, offers free port access, grains,blank paper Danger because of Bikaner and Jaipurs proximity

    Counter-offer from India, specter of riots,change of mind

    Hindu state, initially ready to join IndianUnion, advised by friends on better termsfrom Pakistan

    Jinnah jumps, offers free port access, grains,blank paper Danger because of Bikaner and Jaipurs proximity

    Counter-offer from India, specter of riots,change of mind

  • Junagadh & Hyderabad Muslim rulers, Hindu population Personal preferences, no geographical logic V P Menon convinces surrounding kings toaccede, provides military support

    Forced to send military into Hyderabad tocounter Razakars & Kasim Razvi

    Parallel government in Junagadh, Nawab flees,Veraval port reclaimed

    Muslim rulers, Hindu population Personal preferences, no geographical logic V P Menon convinces surrounding kings toaccede, provides military support

    Forced to send military into Hyderabad tocounter Razakars & Kasim Razvi

    Parallel government in Junagadh, Nawab flees,Veraval port reclaimed

  • Travancore Another name for whats now Trivandrum Lawyer CP Ramaswamy main power, desiredindependence

    Strategic port, Pakistan makes overtures Denunciation of Congress in front ofMountbatten, attack on CPR

    Advises Maharaja to accede to India

    Another name for whats now Trivandrum Lawyer CP Ramaswamy main power, desiredindependence

    Strategic port, Pakistan makes overtures Denunciation of Congress in front ofMountbatten, attack on CPR

    Advises Maharaja to accede to India

  • Finally India is Formed! And maybe not

    KASHMIR Hindu king, Muslim majority Pakistan drums up international opinion

    Need to make it seem internal unrest Flow of tribal warriors into Kashmir Capture territory within 12km of Srinagar 4000 army men form ring around capital

    And maybe not KASHMIR

    Hindu king, Muslim majority Pakistan drums up international opinion

    Need to make it seem internal unrest Flow of tribal warriors into Kashmir Capture territory within 12km of Srinagar 4000 army men form ring around capital

  • Kashmir issue to Indo-Pak Issue Indian troops enter after Hari Singh signsletter of accession to Indian Union

    Nehru offers options to appease, with Article370 maintaining conditional accession

    Indian undone at UN by Zafarullah Khan Security Council alters name of issue Until today, problem unresolved

    Plebiscite no longer considered viable

    Indian troops enter after Hari Singh signsletter of accession to Indian Union

    Nehru offers options to appease, with Article370 maintaining conditional accession

    Indian undone at UN by Zafarullah Khan Security Council alters name of issue Until today, problem unresolved

    Plebiscite no longer considered viable

  • What is Article 370? Indian Parliament needs State Assemblyspermission for anything except: Foreign Affairs Defense Communication

    Governs citizenship, ownership of propertyand fundamental rights

    NOT unique HP, Arunachal, A&N, Nagaland

    Indian Parliament needs State Assemblyspermission for anything except: Foreign Affairs Defense Communication

    Governs citizenship, ownership of propertyand fundamental rights

    NOT unique HP, Arunachal, A&N, Nagaland

  • Article 370 (contd) Permanent Residence (PR) status Different for women only upto marriage High Court rules against loss of PR, lawpropounded in 2004 to overturn ruling

    Only accession criterion made into aConstitutional Article Ambedkar strongly against, done in absentia

    Permanent Residence (PR) status Different for women only upto marriage High Court rules against loss of PR, lawpropounded in 2004 to overturn ruling

    Only accession criterion made into aConstitutional Article Ambedkar strongly against, done in absentia

  • Questions Who was British Indias last Viceroy? Lord Mountbatten Who was Indias first INDIAN GovernorGeneral?

    C Rajagopalachari Who was independent Indias first President Dr. Rajendra Prasad

    Who was British Indias last Viceroy? Lord Mountbatten Who was Indias first INDIAN GovernorGeneral?

    C Rajagopalachari Who was independent Indias first President Dr. Rajendra Prasad

    History of Post-Independence India 1Course RelevanceHard Benefits of GKSoft Benefits of GKTopics & EvaluationMomentum for IndependenceWhat is India?Post-Independence StruggleJodhpur & NeighborsJunagadh & HyderabadTravancoreFinally India is Formed!Kashmir issue to Indo-Pak IssueWhat is Article 370?Article 370 (contd)Questions