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Your first lesson on Spanish greetings will take you through some important tips on Spanish pronunciation, and also teach you some basic Spanish greetings like hello, hi, good morning, good afternoon, good evening, and good night in Spanish that will allow you to give your introductions too!
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¡Hola! Lesson 1 on Basic Spanish!
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Lesson objectives
1 Introduction & Greetings
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Spanish – the language
español
500 Million : Second most natively spoken
Official language : 21 countries and EU
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Pronunciation guide
Some words are pronounced differently in Spanish as compared to that in English...
Let's look at some pronunciation tips to help you get the perfect Spanish accent...
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Pronunciation tip
Let's look at 'español' The letter 'a' is pronounced as 'aa' as in 'father'
Did you notice the letter 'ñ' in español? This letter is peculiar to Spanish
It is pronounced as 'ny' like in 'canyon'
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Spanish speaking countries
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Countries and Nationalities
Country Nationality
Spain / España español, española
México mexicano, mexicana
Guatemala guatemalteco, guatemalteca
Cuba cubano, cubana
Nicaragua nicaragüense
Costa Rica costarricense
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Pronunciation tip
Did you notice that the 'x' in 'mexicano' is pronounced as 'h'
While 'x' is usually pronounced as 'x' in 'flexible'; it is pronounced as a throaty 'h' in the words México,mexicano and Oaxaca (a state
in Mexico)
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Pronunciation tip
Did you notice the symbol on 'u' in nicaragüense?
'gü' when followed by another vowel like in 'güe',is pronounced like 'Gw' in Gwen (eg: nicaragüense > nicaragwense)
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Grammar tipHave you noticed that some nationalities
have two different endings?
We use different endings for masculine (usuallyend with
o)and feminine (usually end with a) objects
argentino = masculine | argentina = feminine argentinos = masculine, pl. | argentinas =
feminine, pl.
For plural form, we just add an 's'To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish
Pronunciation tip
'argentino' is pronounced as 'arhentino'
In Spanish, 'g' when followed by 'e' or 'i', is pronounced like a throaty 'h'
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Grammar tip
You may have noticed that nationalities are not capitalized in Spanish (eg: argentino)?
That´s because in Spanish, although names ofcountries
and cities are capitalized, words derived from them (languages, nationalities) are not
So while the 'e' in España is capitalized, the 'e' in español would not be
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Moving on...
Great! so now you know some key pronunciation and grammar peculiarities!
Remember these as they would help youunderstand
the Spanish accent and the language
Let's now move on to some delightful greetings in Spanish...
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Greetings
H is always silent in Spanish (Ohlah)
Hi! ¡Hola!
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Grammar Tip : ¡double exclamations!
Did you notice the inverted exclamation points with ¡Hola! ?
The upsidedown or inverted exclamation ¡! pointsare unique to Spanish
This is to ensure that when you're reading, youcan
tell long before the end of a sentence whetheryou're
dealing with an exclamation!
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Moving on...
Now, let's look at Good morning!
Good = Buen day = día
Although 'día' literally translates to 'day', it is used as 'morning' in the greeting 'good morning'
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Grammar tip
In Spanish, nouns take up either masculine or feminine gender, for example 'Día' is masculine
The adjectives describing these nouns therefore also need to reflect the same gender
Since 'Día' is masculine we will use the masculine form of 'good'
Hence we will add an 'o' at the end and make it 'Bueno'
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Did you notice?
Día has an 'i' marked with an accent ('í')
If a word is marked with an accent, then that syllable receives the stress
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Greetings
Good = Bueno (singular, masculine form)
Good morning! ¡Buenos días!
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Grammar tip
Greetings such as ‘Good morning’ and ‘Good afternoon’ etc. always take up plural forms in Spanish. Hence we add an 's' after both
'Bueno' and 'Día' :
Good morning! = ¡Buenos días!
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Greetings
Good = Buena (singular, feminine)Afternoon = Tarde (singular form)
Good afternoon!
Good evening!¡Buenas tardes!
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Grammar Tip
Good morning! = ¡Buenos días! (masculine)
But Good afternoon! = ¡Buenas tardes!
(feminine)
We learnt that adjectives take male and female forms depending on the gender of the subject
Since días is masculine we used Buenos and tardes is feminine hence we use Buenas
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So remember!
Good morning! = ¡Buenos días! Good afternoon! = ¡Buenas tardes!
Both días and tardes are plural hence an 's' is added
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Culturally Speaking
All through your lessons, we will give some key tips to ensure you never make a
cultural faux pas!
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Culturally Speaking
Good afternoon! = ¡Buenas tardes!
Is usually used from 3 PM– 7 PM
However, it is not really time bound, goodafternoon
is usually used from lunch time till it gets dark
Expect lunch hour to be around 2 or 3 PM!
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Greetings
Good = Buena (with singular, feminine subjects)
noches is feminine and plural, hence weuse Buenas
Good night! ¡Buenas noches!
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Culturally Speaking
Good night! = ¡Buenas noches!
Just like in English where we often use 'good night' to bid farewell, 'Buenas
noches' can also be used to bid farewell
Remember! Noches is feminine and plural
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Culturally Speaking : Greeting norms
Informally : just a smile and '¡Hola!', sometimes a handshake if it’s
a bit more formal
A light hug and a kiss or two are common for friends and family, especially
among women
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Culturally Speaking : Greeting norms
Generally, shaking hands is considered formal and is better suited for
business meetings
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Do you remember?
English Spanish
Hi / Hello! ¡Hola!
Good morning! ¡Buenos días!
Good afternoon/evening! ¡Buenas tardes!
Good night! ¡Buenas noches!
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Culture leaf
A culture leaf each lesson to give you a taste of the peculiarities, eccentricities and traditions that are
the bearers of that culture
We hope that you blend in their environment and soak in all their goodness!
Happy learning!
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Culture leaf : Soccer!
The logos are copyright of Real Madrid (http://www.realmadrid.es) and FC Barcelona
Soccer is the most important sport pretty much
like a religion in Spain
The two successful football teams from Spain : FC Barcelona and
Real Madrid are also fierce competitors
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Barcelona
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Madrid_C.F.
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What’s next?
In the next lesson we continue to learn more greetings and build our vocabulary!
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CreditsContent
Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuniga, Tomasa Merino Martin
Voice over Jorge Garcia Ray
About Spanish http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language
Images http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Totfutbol
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See you at the Alley!
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