Regents Biology

Leaf Structure

phloem (sugar)

xylem (water)

stomateguard

cell

palisadeslayer

spongylayer

cuticle

epidermis

Regents Biology

Transpiration

H2O CO2

CO2

O2 H2O

xylem (water)

stomateguard

cell gases in & out

water out O2

Regents Biology

Transpiration

Water evaporates

from the stomates

in the leaves

water molecules

stick to each

other

more water is

pulled up the tree

Regents Biology

Stomates

Function of stomates

CO2 in

O2 out

H2O out

guard cell

stomate

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Xylem

carry water up from roots

Regents Biology

Phloem: food-conducting cells

carry sugars around the plant

wherever they are needed

new leaves

fruit & seeds

roots

Regents Biology

Putting it all together

Making a living…

sunlight leaves = solar collectors

photosynthesis

gases: CO2 in & O2 out stomates = gases in & out

H2O roots take in water from soil

pulled up by leaf evaporation

nutrients roots take in from soil

Regents Biology

How are they connected?

glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energydioxide

C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O ATP+ + +

Respiration

Photosynthesis

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2lightenergy

+ ++

glucose + oxygencarbon

dioxide

sunenergy

+ water +

Regents Biology

H2O

Energy cycle

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

sun

The Great Circleof Life!Where’s Mufasa?

glucose O2CO2

plants

animals, plants

ATP

Regents Biology

Energy needs of life

All life needs a constant input of energy

Animals = Heterotrophs

get their energy from “eating others”

eat food = other organisms = organic molecules

make energy through respiration

Plants = Autotrophs

get their energy from “self”

get their energy from sunlight

build organic molecules (food) from CO2

make energy through photosynthesis

Regents Biology

How do plants live?

Photosynthesis Energy building reactions

collect sun energy

make ATP

Sugar building reactions

use ATP for energy

use CO2 as carbon for new sugars

build sugars

glucose, cellulose, starch

build all other organic molecules

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA

store energy for future use

starch in seeds & roots

Regents Biology

Fertilization Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gq8

NWh98wQs