Latin American Studies

January 28, 2011

Blackboard Configuration

Do Now: Homework check—answer the following question on a piece of paper to turn in:

Who is Benito Juarez and why is he important?

Objectives:1. Understand history through food (coffee)2. Analyze the development of Mexico in the

19th century

Homework: Current Events article for Monday

Mexico’s Development:

19th Century Changes

Mexico in the 19th century

1810: Hidalgo and his “grito de Dolores”

1821: Plan of Iguala◦ “Religion, Independence, and Unity”◦ 1821: Treaty of Cordoba signed◦ Agustin de Iturbide declares himself emperor

1823: Revolt led by Lopez de Santa Anna

1824: “Guadalupe Victoria” becomes first president of Mexico

Important dates

Put a liberal constitution in place, but largely ineffective

Second president: Vicente Guerrero

Overthrown by a coup in 1830◦ Anastasio Bustamante took over◦ Ruled 1830-1832 and 1837-1841

Constitution

Took office in 1833 as a liberal

1834—abrogated constitution and emerged as an autocrat◦ Led to revolts in the Yucatan and

Northern Mexico (Texas)

Crushed revolts in Yucatan

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Mexican policy allowing Americans to settle◦ pretext for independence

1836: Declared independence from Mexico

Lopez de Santa Anna played a controversial role in the war◦ Ended up being captured at the Battle of San Jacinto

in 1836 and taken to Washington, D.C.

1845: Accepted into the United States

Texas

1846: US declared war on Mexico

2 Campaigns◦ California campaign—US completed occupation by

1847

◦ Mexico City campaign Winston Smith—march from Veracruz

to Puebla to Mexico City US had stronger military strategy—took

Mexico City by late 1847

Mexican American War

Mexican American War

Mexico had to sell northern provinces to US for $15 million

US would protect property rights of Mexicans in those areas

US would assume $3.25 million debt owed by Mexico to US citizens

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Secret negotiations with President Polk at beginning of war to get back into country◦ Turned against him and ran army once back in Mexico

Returned to exile when Mexico City captured

1853: recalled to power by centralists

1855: Gadsden purchase overthrown and banished by liberals

Santa Anna’s role?

Gadsden Purchase

1855: Revolution of Ayutla

1857: New constitution passed◦ Did not mandate Roman Catholicism as state

religion

1857-1861: War of Reform

Overthrow of Santa Anna

Mexican civil war between the Liberals and the Conservatives

Plan of Ayutla—oust Santa Anna from government

Plan of Tacubaya—ousting of liberal government from Mexico City

Conservatives had control of Mexico City, Liberals in Veracruz

War of Reform

Punctuality

Preparedness—book, notebook, pencil, etc.

Participation

Presence—are you there and owning it?

Personal responsibility—homework, did you help others, did you make excuses, etc.

5 P’s—how’d we do today?

Current events article for Monday

Homework