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Landscape /Architecture + Infrastructure/ Urbanism Seminar Arch. 215 Mondays . 9am-12pm Room 170 Wurster Hall University of California Spring 2012arch 215, Mondays room 170 https://courseweb.berkeley.edu/courseweb/login/login.jsp René Davids This seminar aims to explore how the physical and conceptual understanding of landscape can enrich current forms of architectural and urban design practice. We will introduce landscape and infrastructure discourses that increasingly impinge on the fields of architecture and urban design today. At the junction of landform, infrastructure, urban design and architecture lies a rich field of possibilities that is increasingly superseding the narrower field of each of the disciplines by themselves. Increasingly, landscape is emerging as a model for urbanism. While much of the urban design discourse is stuck in a quest for recapturing village life the critique of current landscape and architecture is that by themselves they do not have the tools to reform the US city that includes very large areas of horizontal non-dense development. Landscape urbanism has however been unable to produce any projects that are anything other than landscape parks. The movement is imprecise and abstracted from residential fabric and the rhythms of everyday life, but it has had an impact in shifting the conversation or at least counterbalancing neo-traditionalism, in heightening the relationship between architecture urban design infrastructure and landscape, in re-enforcing ideas of process over final product and in suggesting an architectural vocabulary that recalls natural forms. But while form and process are only one of a number of relevant aspects of the environmental design discourse today and not the most urgent , urbanity remains a key issue to provide a new perspective and allow for judgments far more germane to the problems of architecture and city-building. The seminar will analyze some the current literature on landscape urbanism and other “”urbanisms” that are currently being discussed but we do not intend to embrace adopt or promote any of the ideas contained within them but to construct our own and test some of the ideas developed from the readings and seminar sessions through the making of a temporary installation

Theory, Social and Cultural Processes This seminar fulfills both Theory and Social and Cultural Processes in Architecture and Urbanism criteria outlined below: · To have a basic knowledge of the concepts in person-environment relations · To understand how these concepts vary by sub-culture and position- presenting multiple perspectives on the environment. · To have the ability to use systematic methods needed to gain multiple perspectives, to have the ability to collect and analyze data, including but not limited to statistical, observation-mapping, behavior traces, questionnaires, participant observations, ethnographic studies, cognitive mapping, and so on. · To develop critical thinking about the values embedded in design and the consequences for people. · To critically understand the issues surrounding programming and post occupancy evaluations Course Requirements Note: Unless otherwise indicated, all course readings are in the course reader, available from Krishna Copy Krishna Copy Center. 2111 University Ave. Readings listed below, as “additional readings” are not required. They are intended as a research resource and as a supplement to weekly reading assignments. Weekly reading response Attendance and Participation in Discussions and of one Seminars: 50% You are required to prepare a brief response of three critical questions to all of the assigned readings of no more than 150 words, which you may be asked to read aloud at the start of the class discussions each week. Your response should not be a summary; rather it should present critical issues/questions the reading has raised for you. You may also use it to suggest connections/conflicts with previous readings, or perhaps establish a link with work you are doing in other courses. A copy of your response must be submitted at the beginning of each class. These will form an

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integral part of the final grade you receive for class participation. Attendance is mandatory. Regular, enthusiastic and informed participation in class discussions is an important part of your contribution to the class. Leading one or two Seminar Sessions: In order to lead the discussion, you will need to: a) Prepare three questions to help focus discussion in your session, and bring them to class, b) Prepare an opening statement, with some critical observations to begin your session. Your goal should be to create an interesting and provocative context for discussion of the questions you have identified. Your opening presentation should be analytical and critical, and assume that everyone has completed the readings. c) You may include slides or other material to accompany discussion of your questions. You may choose to examine one of the buildings or urban spaces mentioned in the readings in more detail; you may also choose to introduce an example that is not included in the readings, but is a particularly appropriate illustration of the question being addressed. d) You will lead a seminar, possibly one other students. You must communicate with your partners about how to divide responsibilities and how to co-ordinate the presentation of your examples. e) Two weeks prior to your presentation you are required to meet with me briefly after class to discuss your session. Research/ Mapping: 50% leading to a Temporary Installation You are required to produce field research mapping exercises in an area of your choice (The chosen area is subject to approval by the instructor) that will inform and advance your basic knowledge of- urban- environments and to understand how these concepts vary by comparison in different contexts. For that end the seminar will students in group. You will collect and analyze data, including but not limited to statistical, observation-mapping, behavior traces, questionnaires and participant observations. In the process you will develop critical thoughts about the values embedded in the space you will be analyzing and the consequences for people and critically understand programming and the evaluation of the existing places Exercise TEMPORARY THE SEMINAR WILL CULMINATE WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF TEMPORARY A CONSTRUCTION OF A PERFORMATIVE OR GATHERING SPACE BUILT AT THE END OF THE TERM ON CAMPUS TEMPORARY is not an art installation, a formal statement, a digital construct( although it can use the technology) but a place for more than two people to gather, and perform some activity, Choose site (on campus). Set a framework for your mapping exercises and present a photographic and historical survey of the site . The site need to be chosen so that it complies at least two of the 3 following factors: Landscape, Campus Gathering Area, Campus Infrastructure

You are required to produce a sketch design at the end of term in response to the analytical field research you will be conducting throughout the term. For research please check Groat, Linda and Wang, David Architectural Research Methods NA2000 .G76 2002 Exercises to generate TEMPORARY All weekly exercises are to be presented on 11”X 17” sheets presented horizontally with a 2” margin to the left . lettering should be with Aerial 9 type. Please consult Groat, Linda and Wang, David Architectural Research Methods NA2000 .G76 2002 and Corner, James. “Representation and Landscape” in Theory in Landscape Architecture. edited by Simon Swaffield Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.( 2002)144-165Env. Design SB472 .T44 2002

LATE SUBMISSIONS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED GRADING

Leading One or Two Seminar Sessions 20% Brief response to all of the assigned readings 10% Participation in the discussion 35% Research/Design 35%

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NOTES ON READINGS: 1) Unless otherwise noted, all books are on reserve in the Environmental Design Library, 210 Wurster Hall. 2) Reserve listings and call numbers are available through GLADIS (telnet://gladis.berkeley.edu/) Type: f in davids, rene 3) If you are having trouble locating an online journal, go to Find e_Journals or check Pathfinder 4) Chapters and essays from books are listed under the TITLE of the BOOK, not the title of the essay. Seminar 1: Introduction January Monday 23 form groups for “temporary installation” and Presentation Seminar 2 Urban Landscape/Urbanism January, Monday 30 Exercise TEMPORARY THE SEMINAR WILL CULMINATE WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF TEMPORARY A CONSTRUCTION OF A PERFORMATIVE OR GATHERING SPACE BUILT AT THE END OF THE TERM ON CAMPUS TEMPORARY is not an art installation, a formal statement, a digital construct( although it can use the technology) but a place for more than two people to gather, and perform some activity, Choose site (on campus). Set a framework for your mapping exercises and present a photographic and historical survey of the site . The site need to be chosen so that it complies at least two of the 3 following factors:Landscape, Campus Gathering Area, Campus Infrastructure Reading: Mehaffy, Michael Landscape Urbanism: Sprawl in a Pretty Green Dress in Planetizen Oct 4, 2010 http://www.planetizen.com/node/46262 (jrl) Duany, Andres. Duany vs Harvard GSD in Metropolis Nov 3 2010 http://www.metropolismag.com/pov/20101103/duany-vs-harvard-gsd (jrl) Krieger, Alex. Krieger to in Metropolis Nov 8 2010http://www.metropolismag.com/pov/20101103/duany-vs-harvard-gsd (jrl) Mostafavi, Mohsen. Why Ecological Urbanism, Why Now? In Topos 71, 2010– The International Review of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design , p30-35, SB469 .T676 Richarson, Tim. Introducing “ Landscape Urbanism”: whatever it is it is coming your way” in Garden Design Journal (jrl)Shane, Graham. “On Landscape. The Emergence of Landscape Urbanism” in Harvard Design Magazine. (Fall 2003/Winter 2004) 1-8. _________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 3: Landscape as Architecture Form and Urbanism February Monday 6 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce abstract a regional city and campus map high-lightening the most important relationships and connection the your chosen analysis site makes to the transportation network, pedestrian walks, bus routes bycicles lanes and movement, sewers lines and any other urban infrastructural systems of interest to you. Reading:

Corner, James. “Terra Fluxus” in The Landscape Urbanism Reader Charles Waldheim, editor. in The Landscape Urbanism Reader. Princeton Architectural Press( 2006) 21-33, UCB:EnvDesign SB472.7 .L36 2006 Frampton Kenneth Megaform As Urban Landscape in Landform Building Lars Mueller Publisher 2011 Allen, Stan .” The Megaform Revisited” in Landform Building Lars Mueller Publisher, 2011

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Reference (jrl) Frampton, K. “Toward an Urban Landscape” Columbia Documents Volume 4 Columbia Documents of Architecture and Theory: D( 1995) 83-93 EnvDesign NA1 .C565 bd Palmboom, Frits. Landscape Urbanism: Conflation or Coalition? In Topos 71, 2010– The International Review of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design , p43-49, m SB469 .T676 http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/publications/hdm/back/index.html

Seminar 4: Urban Sites February Monday 13 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce a performative map(s) (zoning of activities) Analyze the activities that occur on your chosen site by observing the area at different times of the day during different days. Map the activities separately Reading Kahn, Andrea. “Defining Urban Sites” in Burns, Carol, J., Kahn Andrea” Site Matters. Design Concepts, Histories and Strategies. New York: Routledge (2005) 181-296. Env Design NA2540.5 .B86 2005

Czerniak, Julia. “ Looking back at Landscape Urbanism: Speculations on Site” in the Landscape Urbanism Reader, Charles Waldheim, editor. Princeton Architectural Press (2006) 125-139 EnvDesign SB472.7 .L36 2006 Reference Burns, J. Carol. ”High-Performance Sites” in Burns, Carol, J., Kahn Andrea” Site Matters. Design Concepts, Histories and Strategies. New York: Routledge (2005)297-310 EnvDesign NA2540.5 .B86 2005 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 5: Public Space February Monday 20 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce Sketch proposal. The idea HAS TO BE presented digitally and in model form and is meant to activate your imagination as well as re-enforcing m the idea that the analysis can be both an exploration of the existing conditions and generative of design ideas. Reading: Dijkstra, Lewis W. “ Public Spaces: A comparative discussion of the criteria for Public Space” in Hutchinson, Ray. Constructions of Urban Space .Stamford, Connecticut,( 2000) 1-22. Environ Design HT151.C654 2000 Crawford, Margaret “Contesting the Public Realm: Struggles over Public Space in Los Angeles” in Journal of Architectural Education (1984-), Vol. 49, No. 1. (Sep., 1995) 4-9. Kelly Shannon “From Theory to Resistance: Landscape Urbanism in Europe” in The Landscape Urbanism Reader. Charles Waldheim, editor. Princeton Architectural Press, (2006) 125-139. UCB:EnvDesign SB472.7 .L36 2006 Reference Glass Ruth. “Urban Images “in Cliches of Urban Doom” Basil Blackwell, 1989. HT119 .G63 1989 _________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 6: The Contemporary City February Monday 27 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce a map of senses (smell, sound, views, touch) Analyze these phenomena on your chosen site by observing the area at different times of the day during different days. Map the activities separately. Produce a weather map based on data and tangible results on the ground such as the effects of sun, rain, dew, wind. Analyze the effect of weather on your chosen site by observing the area at different times of the day during different days. Map the phenomena separately.

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Reading: Koolhaas, Rem. “The Generic City” in Small, Medium, Large, Extra-large / Office for Metropolitan Architecture S,M,X,XL, The Monacelli Press(1996)1248-1994. Env. Design NA1153.K66 K66 1995 Hajer, Maarten, Reinjndorp, Arnold. “ Public Domain as Perspective” in Search of New Public Domain. Rotterdam: Nai Publishers( 2001) 7-17. Env. Design NA1153.K66 K66 1995 Whyte, William. The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces Washington, D.C.: Conservation Foundation (1980) Env. Design HT153 .W49 Seminar 7: Sub-Urban Landscapes March Monday 5 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce a time activity map (dayly) (weekly) Analyze the effect of time on your chosen site by observing the area at different times of the day and exploring through record and photographs how the place has changed through history Reading: Durack Ruth Village Vices: The Contradiction of New Urbanism and Sustainability in The Design Observer Group 11/01,01 (jrl)Bruegmann, Robert. How Sprawl got a Bad Name in The American Enterprise (June 2006) 16-21. Law KJ5 .A46 ( available online at http://openurl.cdlib.org/?sid=SCP:SCP&genre=article&__char_set=utf8&issn=1047-3572) (jrl)Harvey, David “ New Urbanism and the Communitarian Trap” in Harvard Design Magazine (Winter /Spring 1997 Number 1) 1-3 ( available online)http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/publications/hdm/back/index.html (jrl) “15 Ways to Fix the Suburbs” in Newsweek , (May 15, 1995) 46-53. Main AQ N74, available online http://openurl.cdlib.org/?sid=SCP:SCP&genre=article&__char_set=utf8&issn=0028-9604 Charter of New Urbanism in http://architecture.about.com/library/bl-urbanism-charter.htm Reference Garreau, Joel. Edge City, Life on the New Frontier. New York : Anchor Books,( 199) 3-15. Environ Design HT334.U5.G37, 1991. Seminar 8: Socially Challenged Landscapes March Monday 12 Exercise TEMPORARY Present places/ environments around the world ( case studies)that are designed in similar area to the one you have chosen, present comparable conditions and or are of interest to you by contrast IN CONJUNCTION WITH A SECOND Design proposition. . Reading: Fiori, Jorge and Zeca Brandao: “Spatial Strategies and Urban Social Policy: Urbanism and Poverty Reduction in the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro” in Felipe Hernández, Peter Kellett and Lea K. Allen Rethinking the Informal City, Critical Perspectives from Latin America New York : Berghahn Books, 2010, HT127.5 .R48 2010

Teddy Cruz in conversation with Caleb Waldorf “Learning from Tijuana” in Canopy http://canopycanopycanopy.com/pieces/legacy_piece/111

Reference: (jrl) Rao, Vyjayanthi. “Slum as Theory” in Lotus international, (2010 Aug., n.143); 10-16, NA9 .L67 v.137 (2009), (jrl) Lipsitz, George. “The Racialization of Space and the Spatialization of Race.” Landscape Journal(26:1-07) 10-23.

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Seminar 9: Programming Urban Landscapes March Monday 19 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce a Narrative map. Annotate events you have witnessed, interviews you have conducted In order to establish a questionnaire or conduct you interviews orally consult Groat, Linda and Wang , David Architectural Research Methods NA2000 .G76 2002 Reading: 12. in Contemporary Landscape Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press( 1999)233-249. Env. Design SB472 .R385 1999. Tschumi Bernard. Architecture and Disjunction. Cambridge: The MIT Press, CA, MA(1994) 121-135. Env. Design NA2543.S6 T78 (1996) 121-135. Tschumi, Bernard.” Spaces and Events” in Discourse of Events. (Themes 3). London U.K.: Architectural Association, 1983. Environ Design NA2005.D5 (1983) 6-11. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Friday March 25 Spring Break ______________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 10: Memory and Urban Landscape April , Monday 2 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce an ergonomic storyboard study of the body performing activities that take place on your site. You may also do this with activities you might want to encourage on your chosen area but that are not yet present on it. Reading: Jackson, J.B. “The Necessity of Ruins” in The Necessity for Ruins, and other Topics. E. Amherst : University of Massachusetts Press, (1980) 90-102 Env. Design GF91.U6 .J32

Leach,Neal. “Erasing Traces ” in Neal Leach, editor. Architecture and Revolution: Contemporary Perspectives on Central and Eastern Europe. London; New York: Routledge, 1999. Environ Design NA958.A745 1999 Reference Jordan, Jennifer. “Collective Memory and Locality in Global Cities” in Linda Krause and Patrice Petro. editorsGlobal Cities, Cinema, Architecture & Urbanism in a Digital Age, New Brunswick: Rutgers, University Press. (2003) 31-48. Env. Design NX650.C66 G58 2003 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 11: ‘Sustainability ,Biodiversity, and Natural Processes in the City’ April Monday 09 Exercise TEMPORARY Choose material. Produce Construction drawings,in sketch form, 1: 1 model of parts Reading:

Jarzombek, Mark, A Green Masterplan Is Still a Masterplan” in Urban Transformation, Ilka and Andreas Ruby eds.(Berlin: Ruby Press, 2008): 22-29. HT371 .U733 2008 Hough Michael. “Design with City Nature: An Overview of Some Issues “ in Platt, H Rutherford The Ecological City. (London: The University of Massasuchets Press, Amherst. 1994) 40-48 Env. Design HT243.U6 E26 1994 Treib, Marc. “ Dark Clouds in the Horizon” in Richardson, Tim Futurescapes Thames and Hudson, 2011 Reference: (jrl) Ingersoll, Richard. “A Post-Apocalyptic View of Ecology and Design” in Harvard Design Magazine, (Spring Summer, 2003) available online http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/publications/hdm/back/index.html

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(jrl) Jarzombek, Mark; “Molecules, Money and Design, The question of Sustainability’s Role in Architectural Academe”. In Threshholds 18( Cambridge, Mass ).32-38

(jrl) Jarzombek, Mark; “Sustainability and Architecture, between Fuzzy Systems and Wicked Problems. Blueprints, (vol. 21, no 1, Winter 2003) 6-9. Env. Design fNA1 .B55 HT371 .U733 2008 Mc Gregor, Adrian “Biocity , Emergent Sustainability” in Topos 71, 2010– The International Review of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design , p70--49, m SB469 .T676 (jrl) Deborah Bright.” The Machine in the Garden Revisited”. in Art Journal Summer (vol. 52, 1992.) Env. Design N81 .C6 Main , available online http://uclibs.org/PID/38024 Seminar 12: Landscapes of Exchange April Monday 16 Exercise TEMPORARY Second set of Construction drawings Reading: Webber, Martin. “The Joys of Automobility” in Wachs Martin and Crawford, Margaret, The Car and the City : the Automobile, the Built Environment, and Daily Urban Life Ann Arbor, Mi. : University of Michigan Press, (1991). 274-284 Env. Design HE5623 .C33 1992 Tatom, Jacqueline “ Urban Highways and the Reluctant Public Realm” in The Landscape Urbanism Reader Charles Waldheim, editor. Princeton Architectural Press,(2006)179-193. EnvDesign SB472.7 .L36 2006 Reference:

Clare Lyster: “Landscapes of Exchange”. The Landscape Urbanism Reader. Charles Waldheim, editor. Princeton Architectural Press, (2006):219-235. EnvDesign SB472.7 .L36 2006 Brinckerhoff, John Jackson. “Roads belong in the Landscape” in A Sense of Place , Sense of Time. New Haven: Yale University Press,( 1994)189-205. Env. Design F796 .J27 1994 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 13: Landscape, Architecture /Infrastructure April Monday 23 Exercise TEMPORARY Produce a written essay (min one page up to two pages). Contrast your chosen space with other conventional spaces. Compare with historical precedents. Third set of construction drawings, 1;1 model of parts

Reading: Strang, Gary. “Infrastructure as Landscape.” in Simon Swaffield. Theory in Landscape Archietcture. Philadephia: University of Pennsylvania Press.( 2002) 220-226. EnvDesign SB472 .T44 2002 Belanger, Pierre. Redefining Infrastructure in Landform Building Lars Mueller Publisher, 2011 Reference: Somol, R.E. “ Urbanism without Architects” in Allen, Stan Points + Lines, Diagrams and Projects for the City. New York: Princeton Architectural Press( 1999)137-143 Env. Design NA737.A44 A4 1999 Brown Hillary. Infrastructural Ecologies: Principles for Post-Industrial Public Works in Places Posted on http://places.designobserver.com/entry.html?entry+15569 posted on 10/25/10 (jrl) Angelil and Klingmann, ‘Hybrid Morphologies: Infrastructure, Architecture, Landscape’ in (Daidalos 73, 1999. EnvDesign) 16-24 EnvDesign NA3 .D35 bd perl

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__________________________________________________________________________________.. Seminar 14: Cities Urban Design and Landscape April Monday30 Exercise:TEMPORARY Fourth set of construction drawings, 1;1 model of parts Reading: (jrl)Doherty Gareth “How Green is Landscape Urbanism? In Topos 71,– The International Review of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design ( 2010) :30-35, SB469 .T676 Meyer, Elizabeth.” The Expanded Field of landscape Architecture in Ecological Design and Planning in Thompson, F., George, Stoner, FR. (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. 1997) Jacobs, Jane. “ The Greening of the City” in The New York Times 5/16/04

Seminar 15: Review Week Friday May 06 Reading review Week / No new Reading Pre- Final Presentation of your proposal construction schedule/setting up process __________________________________________________________________________________ Seminar 15: Conclusion May Monday 14 Final Review of TEMPORARY